3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
38 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
39 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
42 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
44 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
46 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
47 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
55 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
57 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
58 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
65 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
67 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
68 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
75 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
78 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
81 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
82 * this is a dirhandle.
84 const char * const fh =
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
88 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
89 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
90 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
91 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
95 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
97 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
106 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
108 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
112 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
118 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
121 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
126 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
129 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
130 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
133 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
134 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
136 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
137 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
138 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
140 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
143 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
145 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
151 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
153 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
154 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
155 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
162 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
164 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
165 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
166 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
170 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
175 const char *const file
176 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
177 const STRLEN len = strlen(file);
179 SV *const temp_sv = CopFILESV(PL_curcop);
184 file = SvPVX(temp_sv);
185 len = SvCUR(temp_sv);
192 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
196 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
197 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
200 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
201 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
203 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
211 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
214 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
215 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
216 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX(gv) : NULL;
217 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
218 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
219 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
221 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
224 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
225 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
231 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
232 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
240 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
241 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
243 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
251 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
256 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
259 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
260 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
261 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
263 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
266 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
267 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
268 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
269 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
270 from a reference to CV. */
271 if (exported_constant)
272 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
274 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
275 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
279 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* sub Foo::bar($) { (shift) } sub ASDF::baz($); *ASDF::baz = \&Foo::bar */
281 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
282 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
284 sv_usepvn_flags((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto, protolen,
285 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
291 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
303 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
311 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
312 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
320 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
322 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
323 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
324 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
326 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
327 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
328 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
329 up caching info for this glob.
331 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
332 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
333 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
334 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
335 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
340 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
343 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
351 GV* candidate = NULL;
356 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
361 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
363 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
364 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
370 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
372 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
377 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
379 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
381 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
382 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, create);
386 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
387 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
388 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
389 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
390 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
394 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
395 SvREFCNT_dec(cand_cv);
396 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv = NULL;
400 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
401 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
406 packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
407 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
410 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, GV_ADD);
411 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(basestash);
414 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
417 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
418 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
420 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
422 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
425 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
426 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
427 SVfARG(linear_sv), hvname);
433 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, len, 0);
437 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV) gv_init(candidate, cstash, name, len, TRUE);
438 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
440 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
441 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
442 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
444 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
445 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
446 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
447 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
448 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
454 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
455 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
456 candidate = gv_fetchmeth(NULL, name, len, 1);
458 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
459 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
460 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
461 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
462 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
463 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
469 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
470 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
471 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
478 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
480 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
481 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
483 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
484 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
485 of the result may be zero.
491 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
493 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
500 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
501 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
503 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
506 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
508 /* Have an autoload */
509 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
510 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
511 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
520 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
522 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
523 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
524 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
527 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
528 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
529 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
530 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
531 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
533 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
534 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
535 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
536 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
537 created via a side effect to do this.
539 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
540 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
541 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
542 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
548 S_gv_get_super_pkg(pTHX_ const char* name, I32 namelen)
555 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, 0);
556 if(stash) return stash;
558 /* If we must create it, give it an @ISA array containing
559 the real package this SUPER is for, so that it's tied
560 into the cache invalidation code correctly */
561 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, GV_ADD);
562 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
564 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
565 superisa = GvAVn(gv);
567 sv_magic((SV*)superisa, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
569 av_push(superisa, newSVpv(CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop), 0));
571 av_push(superisa, newSVhek(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)
572 ? HvNAME_HEK(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)) : NULL));
579 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
582 register const char *nend;
583 const char *nsplit = NULL;
587 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
590 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
593 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
597 const char * const origname = name;
601 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
602 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
603 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
604 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
605 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
606 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr));
607 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
608 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
611 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
612 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, 0);
614 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
615 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
616 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
617 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
618 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, 0))
619 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(origname, nsplit - origname);
624 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
626 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
627 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
629 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
632 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
633 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
641 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
644 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
645 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
655 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
663 const char *packname = "";
664 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
666 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
669 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
670 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
674 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
675 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
678 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
682 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
686 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
688 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
689 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
691 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
692 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
693 packname, (int)len, name);
696 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
697 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
698 * and split that value on the last '::',
699 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
702 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
708 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
709 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
710 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
711 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
713 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
714 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
718 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
719 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
720 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
724 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
725 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
726 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
727 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
732 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
733 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
735 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
736 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
737 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
738 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
739 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
740 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
741 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
742 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
745 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
748 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
750 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
751 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
752 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
753 so save it. For the moment it's always
759 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
760 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
764 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
766 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" is not available",
767 varname, SVfARG(namesv));
768 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
769 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
770 varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
772 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
777 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
779 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
780 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
786 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
788 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
792 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
794 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
795 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
796 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
797 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
798 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
806 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
813 if (namelen + 2 <= sizeof smallbuf)
816 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 2, char);
817 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
818 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
819 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
820 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
821 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
826 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
828 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
829 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
834 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
836 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
842 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
845 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
846 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags);
851 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
852 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
856 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
858 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
859 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
863 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
867 register const char *name = nambeg;
868 register GV *gv = NULL;
871 register const char *name_cursor;
873 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
874 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
875 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
876 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
877 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
880 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
881 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
886 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
887 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
891 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
892 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
893 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
894 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
898 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
901 len = name_cursor - name;
906 if (len + 2 <= (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
909 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
910 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
913 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
914 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
915 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
916 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
917 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
921 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
923 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
926 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
927 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
929 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
930 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
933 if (*name_cursor == ':')
937 if (name == name_end)
938 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
941 len = name_cursor - name;
943 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
947 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
956 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
957 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
958 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
962 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
967 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
968 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
972 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
973 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
974 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
978 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
979 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
987 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
989 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
990 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
991 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
992 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
993 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
994 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
995 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
997 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
999 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
1000 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1004 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1005 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1006 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1008 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
1009 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1010 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1013 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
1019 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1022 stash = PL_defstash;
1025 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
1029 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
1030 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
1031 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1032 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1033 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1036 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
1039 gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1041 /* symbol table under destruction */
1050 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1053 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
1054 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
1057 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1060 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1061 if (len == 1 && (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)) {
1063 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1064 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1065 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1069 } else if (no_init) {
1071 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1075 /* Adding a new symbol.
1076 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
1077 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
1079 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
1080 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
1082 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
1084 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1085 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1086 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1087 gv_init_sv(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
1089 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1090 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1093 /* set up magic where warranted */
1098 /* Nothing else to do.
1099 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1100 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1101 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1105 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1108 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1109 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1111 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1116 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1120 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1121 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1123 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1124 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1125 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1126 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1129 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1130 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1131 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1132 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, GV_ADD);
1133 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1134 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1135 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1136 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1137 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1138 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1143 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1144 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1146 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1150 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1154 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1155 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1156 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1160 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1161 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1162 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1164 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1166 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1167 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1172 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1175 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1176 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1179 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1180 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1183 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1184 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1186 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1187 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1190 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1191 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1193 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1194 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1197 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1198 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1200 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1202 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1205 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1206 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1219 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1221 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1222 const char *end = name + len;
1223 while (--end > name) {
1224 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1231 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1232 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1238 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1239 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1240 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1241 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1244 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1248 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1252 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1253 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1259 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1261 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1263 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1264 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1265 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1270 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1272 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1273 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? (SV*)av : NULL;
1275 sv_magic((SV*)av, avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1276 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1278 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1281 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1282 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1288 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2_d(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1289 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1290 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1293 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1296 case '\010': /* $^H */
1298 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1299 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1302 case '\023': /* $^S */
1304 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1328 case '\001': /* $^A */
1329 case '\003': /* $^C */
1330 case '\004': /* $^D */
1331 case '\005': /* $^E */
1332 case '\006': /* $^F */
1333 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1334 case '\016': /* $^N */
1335 case '\017': /* $^O */
1336 case '\020': /* $^P */
1337 case '\024': /* $^T */
1338 case '\027': /* $^W */
1340 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1343 case '\014': /* $^L */
1344 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1345 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1348 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1352 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1353 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1354 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
1355 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1356 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1360 case '\026': /* $^V */
1362 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1363 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1364 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1374 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1378 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1383 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1385 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1387 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1393 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1394 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1397 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1401 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1403 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1404 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1412 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV_type(SVt_PVIO);
1413 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1414 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1416 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1418 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1419 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1420 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1421 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1422 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1423 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1424 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1429 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1434 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1436 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1438 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1441 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1442 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1444 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1445 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1447 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1449 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1450 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1453 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1455 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1457 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
1458 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
1460 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1461 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1462 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1469 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1472 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1476 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1479 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1487 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
1488 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
1489 don't infect them with our cached entry */
1490 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1499 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1504 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1506 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1507 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1508 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1509 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1510 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1513 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1514 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1520 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1521 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1522 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1523 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1524 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1525 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1526 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1527 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1528 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1529 (void)hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1531 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1533 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1534 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1535 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1542 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1544 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1545 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1547 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1549 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1550 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1552 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1553 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1560 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1563 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1566 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1568 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1571 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1573 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1574 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1575 && amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
1576 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1578 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1581 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1584 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1585 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
1586 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1590 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1593 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1595 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1596 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1597 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1601 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1602 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1604 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1607 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1608 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1610 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1612 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1613 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1614 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1615 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1616 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1617 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1618 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
1620 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1621 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1622 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1623 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1624 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1625 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1626 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1627 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1628 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1629 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1630 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1631 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1632 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1634 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1636 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1637 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1638 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1639 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1640 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1642 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1644 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1645 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1646 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1647 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1648 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1651 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1652 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1653 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1654 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1655 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1659 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1661 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1662 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1663 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1665 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1667 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1671 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1674 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1676 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1677 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1678 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1682 /* Here we have no table: */
1684 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1685 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1686 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1692 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1698 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
1700 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1703 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1704 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1706 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1710 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1713 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1714 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1715 || amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
1717 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1718 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1719 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1720 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1721 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1722 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1723 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1724 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1737 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1742 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1743 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1744 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1745 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1746 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1747 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1752 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1753 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1754 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1755 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1756 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1758 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1759 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1765 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1766 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1768 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1771 /* look for substituted methods */
1772 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1776 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1777 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1778 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1783 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1784 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1785 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1789 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1792 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1795 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1798 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1799 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1800 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1806 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1809 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1810 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1812 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1813 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1815 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1816 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1817 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1818 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1819 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1820 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1822 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1823 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1829 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1830 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1831 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1833 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1834 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1835 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1837 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1838 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1839 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1842 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1853 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1855 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1860 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1862 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1870 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1875 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1876 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1877 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1878 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1879 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1880 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1882 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1885 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1886 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1887 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1888 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1889 /* We look for substitution for
1890 * comparison operations and
1892 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1893 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1894 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1904 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1911 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1913 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1918 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1939 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1942 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1943 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1944 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1945 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1946 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
1947 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
1951 if (off==-1) off=method;
1952 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1953 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1954 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1955 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1957 "in overloaded package ":
1958 "has no overloaded magic",
1960 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1963 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1966 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1968 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1970 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1971 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1973 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
1977 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1982 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1983 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1985 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1987 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1988 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1989 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1990 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1991 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1992 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1993 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1994 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1997 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1998 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1999 * version of copy operator
2001 /* We need to copy in following cases:
2002 * a) Assignment form was called.
2003 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
2004 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
2005 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
2006 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
2007 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
2009 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
2010 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
2012 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
2013 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
2016 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
2017 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
2019 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
2020 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
2027 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2030 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
2031 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
2032 myop.op_next = NULL;
2033 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
2035 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
2038 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
2039 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
2040 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2044 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
2045 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
2046 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
2047 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
2049 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2050 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift))));
2055 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
2063 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2070 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2073 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2076 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2079 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2082 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2085 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2088 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2090 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2095 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2097 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2099 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2107 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2109 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
2115 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
2118 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2119 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2123 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2125 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2127 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2128 created even in rvalue contexts.
2130 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2131 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2133 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2134 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2135 pointers returned by SvPV.
2140 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2142 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2143 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2146 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2149 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2153 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2157 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2160 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2161 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2163 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2164 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2167 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2168 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2171 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2172 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2174 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2177 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2178 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2191 const char *end = name + len;
2192 while (--end > name) {
2200 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2201 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2228 case '\001': /* $^A */
2229 case '\003': /* $^C */
2230 case '\004': /* $^D */
2231 case '\005': /* $^E */
2232 case '\006': /* $^F */
2233 case '\010': /* $^H */
2234 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2235 case '\014': /* $^L */
2236 case '\016': /* $^N */
2237 case '\017': /* $^O */
2238 case '\020': /* $^P */
2239 case '\023': /* $^S */
2240 case '\024': /* $^T */
2241 case '\026': /* $^V */
2242 case '\027': /* $^W */
2262 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2268 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2271 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2273 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2274 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2277 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2278 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2283 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2285 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2288 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: