3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
37 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
38 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
41 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
43 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
45 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
46 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
54 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
56 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
57 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
64 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
66 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
67 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
74 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
77 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
80 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
81 * this is a dirhandle.
83 const char * const fh =
84 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
88 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
89 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
90 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
94 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
96 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
105 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
107 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
111 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
117 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
120 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
125 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
128 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
129 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
132 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
133 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
135 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
136 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
137 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
139 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
142 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
144 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
150 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
152 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
153 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
154 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
161 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
163 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
164 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
165 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
169 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
172 const char *const file
173 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
174 STRLEN len = strlen(file);
177 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
181 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
182 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
185 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
186 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
188 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
196 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
199 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
200 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
201 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
202 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
203 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
205 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
208 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
209 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
215 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
216 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
224 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
225 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
227 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
235 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
240 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
243 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
244 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
245 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
247 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
250 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
251 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
252 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
253 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
254 from a reference to CV. */
255 if (exported_constant)
256 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
258 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
259 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
265 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
266 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
268 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
275 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
287 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
300 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
302 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
303 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
304 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
306 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
307 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
308 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
309 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
311 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
312 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
313 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
314 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
315 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
321 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
330 HV* lastchance = NULL;
332 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
334 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
335 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
339 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
342 "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
344 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
345 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
348 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
350 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
355 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
356 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
357 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
358 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
359 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
361 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
363 GvCV(topgv) = cv = NULL;
366 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
367 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
370 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", FALSE);
371 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && isGV_with_GP(gv)) ? GvAV(gv) : NULL;
373 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
374 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
375 STRLEN packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
377 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
381 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, GV_ADD);
382 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(basestash, "ISA", FALSE);
383 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && isGV_with_GP(gv) && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
384 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
385 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
386 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", hvname);
387 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
388 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
389 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
390 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(av);
396 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
397 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
398 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
400 SV* const sv = *svp++;
401 HV* const basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, 0);
403 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
404 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
408 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
409 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
415 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
417 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
418 lastchance = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0);
421 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
422 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
426 * Cache method in topgv if:
427 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
428 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
431 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
433 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
435 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
437 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
438 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
442 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
443 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
444 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
453 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
455 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
456 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
458 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
459 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
460 of the result may be zero.
466 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
468 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
475 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
476 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
478 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
481 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
483 /* Have an autoload */
484 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
485 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
486 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
495 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
497 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
498 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
499 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
502 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
503 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
504 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
505 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
506 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
508 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
509 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
510 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
511 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
512 created via a side effect to do this.
514 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
515 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
516 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
517 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
523 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
526 register const char *nend;
527 const char *nsplit = NULL;
531 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
534 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
537 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
541 const char * const origname = name;
545 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
546 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
547 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
548 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
549 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
550 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), GV_ADD);
551 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
552 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
555 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
556 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, 0);
558 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
559 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
560 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
561 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
562 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, 0))
563 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, GV_ADD);
568 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
570 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
571 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
573 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
576 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
577 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
585 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
588 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
589 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
599 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
607 const char *packname = "";
608 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
610 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
613 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
614 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
618 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
619 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
622 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
626 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
630 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
632 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
633 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
635 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
636 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
637 packname, (int)len, name);
640 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
641 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
642 * and split that value on the last '::',
643 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
646 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
652 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
653 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
654 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
655 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
657 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
658 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
662 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
663 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
664 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
668 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
669 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
670 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
671 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
676 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
677 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
679 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
680 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
681 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
682 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
683 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
684 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
685 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
686 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
689 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
692 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
694 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
695 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
696 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
697 so save it. For the moment it's always
704 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
707 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
709 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" is not available",
710 varname, SVfARG(namesv));
711 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
712 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
713 varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
715 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
720 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
722 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
723 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
729 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
731 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
735 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
737 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
738 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
739 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
740 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
741 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
749 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
756 if (namelen + 2 <= sizeof smallbuf)
759 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 2, char);
760 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
761 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
762 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
763 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
764 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
769 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
771 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
772 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
777 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
779 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
785 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
788 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
789 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags);
794 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
795 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
799 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
801 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
802 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
806 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
810 register const char *name = nambeg;
811 register GV *gv = NULL;
814 register const char *name_cursor;
816 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
817 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
818 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
819 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
820 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
822 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
823 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
828 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
829 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
833 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
834 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
835 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
836 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
840 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
843 len = name_cursor - name;
848 if (len + 2 <= (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
851 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
852 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
855 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
856 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
857 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
858 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
859 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
863 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
865 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
868 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
869 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
871 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
872 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
875 if (*name_cursor == ':')
879 if (name == name_end)
880 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
883 len = name_cursor - name;
885 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
889 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
898 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
899 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
900 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
904 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
909 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
910 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
914 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
915 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
916 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
920 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
921 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
929 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
931 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
932 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
933 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
934 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
935 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
936 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
937 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
939 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
941 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
942 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
946 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
947 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
948 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
950 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
951 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
952 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
955 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
961 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
967 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
971 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
972 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
973 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
974 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
975 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
978 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
981 gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
983 /* symbol table under destruction */
992 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
995 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
996 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
999 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1002 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1003 if (len == 1 && (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)) {
1005 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1006 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1007 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("re::Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "FETCH", 0);
1011 } else if (no_init) {
1013 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1017 /* Adding a new symbol */
1019 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1020 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1021 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1022 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1024 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1025 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1028 /* set up magic where warranted */
1033 /* Nothing else to do.
1034 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1035 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1036 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1040 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1043 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1044 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1046 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1051 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1055 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1056 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1058 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1059 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1060 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1061 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1064 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1065 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1066 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1067 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, GV_ADD);
1068 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1069 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1070 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1071 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1072 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1073 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1078 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1079 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1081 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1085 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1089 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1090 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1091 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1095 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1096 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1097 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1099 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1101 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1102 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1107 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1110 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1111 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1114 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1115 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1118 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1119 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1121 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1122 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1125 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1126 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1128 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1129 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1132 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1133 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1135 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1137 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1140 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1141 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1154 /* ensures variable is only digits */
1155 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
1156 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
1157 const char *end = name + len;
1158 while (--end > name) {
1159 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1166 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1167 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1173 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1174 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1175 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1176 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1179 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1183 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1187 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1188 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1194 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1196 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1198 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1199 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1200 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1205 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1207 bool plus = (*name == '+');
1208 SV *stashname = newSVpvs("re::Tie::Hash::NamedCapture");
1209 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1210 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1211 HV *const hv_tie = newHV();
1212 SV *tie = newRV_noinc((SV*)hv_tie);
1214 sv_bless(tie, gv_stashsv(stashname,GV_ADD));
1215 hv_magic(hv, (GV*)tie, PERL_MAGIC_tied);
1216 sv_magic((SV*)av, (plus ? (SV*)av : NULL), PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1217 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1220 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1222 Perl_hv_store(aTHX_ hv_tie, STR_WITH_LEN("all"), newSViv(1), 0);
1228 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1229 require_tie_mod(gv, name, stashname, "FETCH", 0);
1231 SvREFCNT_dec(stashname);
1237 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1238 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1239 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1242 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1245 case '\010': /* $^H */
1247 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1248 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1251 case '\023': /* $^S */
1262 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1277 case '\001': /* $^A */
1278 case '\003': /* $^C */
1279 case '\004': /* $^D */
1280 case '\005': /* $^E */
1281 case '\006': /* $^F */
1282 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1283 case '\016': /* $^N */
1284 case '\017': /* $^O */
1285 case '\020': /* $^P */
1286 case '\024': /* $^T */
1287 case '\027': /* $^W */
1289 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1292 case '\014': /* $^L */
1293 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1294 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1297 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1301 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1302 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1303 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
1304 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1305 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1309 case '\026': /* $^V */
1311 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1312 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1313 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1323 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1327 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1332 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1334 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1336 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1342 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1343 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1346 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1350 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1352 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1353 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1361 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV_type(SVt_PVIO);
1362 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1363 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1365 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1367 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1368 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1369 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1370 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1371 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1372 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1373 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1378 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1383 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1385 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1387 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1390 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1391 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1393 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1394 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1396 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1398 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1399 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1402 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1403 * module, don't bother warning */
1404 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1405 # define LIB_COMPONENT ":lib:"
1407 # define LIB_COMPONENT "/lib/"
1410 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1411 && (instr(file, LIB_COMPONENT) || instr(file, ".pm")))
1415 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1417 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1419 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1421 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1422 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1423 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1430 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1433 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1437 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1440 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1448 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1449 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1454 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1455 PL_sub_generation++;
1462 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1467 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1469 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1470 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1471 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1472 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1473 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1477 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1478 PL_sub_generation++;
1480 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1481 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1487 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1488 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1489 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1490 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1491 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1492 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1493 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1494 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1495 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1496 hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1498 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1500 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1501 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1502 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1509 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1511 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1512 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1514 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1516 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1517 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1519 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1520 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1527 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1530 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1533 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1537 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1538 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1539 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation) {
1540 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1542 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1545 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1548 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1549 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1550 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1554 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1557 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1559 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1560 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1561 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1565 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1566 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1568 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1571 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1572 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1574 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1576 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1577 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1578 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1579 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1580 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1581 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1582 const STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1584 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1585 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1586 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1587 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1588 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1589 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1590 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1591 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1592 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1593 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1594 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1595 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1596 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1598 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1600 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1601 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1602 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1603 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1604 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1606 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1608 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1609 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1610 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1611 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1612 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1615 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1616 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1617 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1618 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1619 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1623 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1625 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1626 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1627 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1629 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1631 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1635 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1638 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1640 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1641 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1642 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1646 /* Here we have no table: */
1648 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1649 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1650 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1656 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1662 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1664 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1668 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1671 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1672 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1673 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1675 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1676 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1677 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1678 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1679 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1680 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1681 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1682 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1695 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1700 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1701 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1702 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1703 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1704 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1705 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1710 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1711 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1712 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1713 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1714 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1716 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1717 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1723 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1724 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1726 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1729 /* look for substituted methods */
1730 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1734 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1735 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1736 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1741 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1742 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1743 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1747 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1750 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1753 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1756 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1757 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1758 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1764 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1767 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1768 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1770 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1771 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1773 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1774 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1775 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1776 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1777 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1778 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1780 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1781 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1787 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1788 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1789 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1791 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1792 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1793 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1795 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1796 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1797 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1800 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1811 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1813 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1818 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1820 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1828 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1833 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1834 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1835 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1836 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1837 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1838 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1840 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1843 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1844 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1845 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1846 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1847 /* We look for substitution for
1848 * comparison operations and
1850 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1851 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1852 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1862 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1869 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1871 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1876 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1897 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1900 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1901 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1902 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1903 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1904 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
1905 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
1909 if (off==-1) off=method;
1910 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1911 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1912 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1913 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1915 "in overloaded package ":
1916 "has no overloaded magic",
1918 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1921 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1924 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1926 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1928 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1929 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1931 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
1935 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1940 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1941 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1943 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1945 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1946 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1947 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1948 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1949 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1950 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1951 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1952 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1955 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1956 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1957 * version of copy operator
1959 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1960 * a) Assignment form was called.
1961 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1962 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1963 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1964 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1965 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1967 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1968 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1970 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1971 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1974 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1975 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1977 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1978 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1985 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1988 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1989 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1990 myop.op_next = NULL;
1991 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1993 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1996 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1997 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1998 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2002 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
2003 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
2004 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
2005 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
2007 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
2012 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
2020 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2027 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2030 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2033 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2036 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2039 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2042 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2045 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2047 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2052 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2054 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2056 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2064 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2066 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
2072 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
2075 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2076 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2080 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2082 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2084 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2085 created even in rvalue contexts.
2087 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2088 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2090 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2091 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2092 pointers returned by SvPV.
2097 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2099 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2100 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2103 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2106 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2110 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2114 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2117 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2118 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2120 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2121 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2124 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2125 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2128 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2129 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2131 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2134 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2135 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2148 const char *end = name + len;
2149 while (--end > name) {
2157 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2158 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2185 case '\001': /* $^A */
2186 case '\003': /* $^C */
2187 case '\004': /* $^D */
2188 case '\005': /* $^E */
2189 case '\006': /* $^F */
2190 case '\010': /* $^H */
2191 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2192 case '\014': /* $^L */
2193 case '\016': /* $^N */
2194 case '\017': /* $^O */
2195 case '\020': /* $^P */
2196 case '\023': /* $^S */
2197 case '\024': /* $^T */
2198 case '\026': /* $^V */
2199 case '\027': /* $^W */
2219 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2225 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2228 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2230 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2231 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2234 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2235 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2240 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2242 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2245 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: