3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
37 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
38 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
41 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
43 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
45 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
46 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
54 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
56 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
57 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
64 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
66 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
67 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
74 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
77 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
80 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
81 * this is a dirhandle.
83 const char *fh = PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
84 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
88 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
89 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
93 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
95 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
104 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
115 tmplen = strlen(name) + 2;
116 if (tmplen < sizeof smallbuf)
119 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen + 1, char);
120 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
123 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, tmplen - 1);
124 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
126 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
127 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
128 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, tmplen - 2);
130 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, tmplen - 2);
133 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
135 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
141 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
143 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
144 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
145 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
152 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
154 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
155 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
156 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
160 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
164 const bool doproto = SvTYPE(gv) > SVt_NULL;
165 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
166 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
168 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
171 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
172 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
178 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
179 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
185 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
192 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
195 GvGP(gv) = gp_ref(gp);
196 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
201 GvLINE(gv) = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
202 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
204 GvFILE(gv) = CopFILE(PL_curcop) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : (char *) "";
207 sv_magic((SV*)gv, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_glob, NULL, 0);
210 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
211 GvNAME(gv) = savepvn(name, len);
213 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
215 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
219 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
220 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
222 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
223 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
224 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
230 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
231 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
233 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
240 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
252 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
265 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
267 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
268 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
269 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
271 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
272 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
273 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
274 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
276 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
277 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
278 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
279 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
280 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
286 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
296 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
298 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
299 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE)))
303 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
306 "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
308 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
309 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
312 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
314 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
319 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
320 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
321 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
322 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
323 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
325 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
327 GvCV(topgv) = cv = NULL;
330 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
331 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
334 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", FALSE);
335 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) ? GvAV(gv) : NULL;
337 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
338 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
339 STRLEN packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
341 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
345 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, TRUE);
346 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(basestash, "ISA", FALSE);
347 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
348 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
349 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
350 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", hvname);
351 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
352 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
353 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
354 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc(av);
360 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
361 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
362 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
364 SV* const sv = *svp++;
365 HV* const basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, FALSE);
367 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
368 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
372 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
373 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
379 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
381 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
382 HV* const lastchance = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE);
385 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
386 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
390 * Cache method in topgv if:
391 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
392 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
395 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
397 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
399 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
401 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
402 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
406 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
407 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
408 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
417 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
419 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
420 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
422 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
423 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
424 of the result may be zero.
430 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
432 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
439 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
440 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
442 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
445 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
447 /* Have an autoload */
448 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
449 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
450 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
459 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
461 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
462 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
463 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
466 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
467 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
468 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
469 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
470 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
472 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
473 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
474 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
475 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
476 created via a side effect to do this.
478 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
479 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
480 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
481 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
487 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
490 register const char *nend;
491 const char *nsplit = NULL;
495 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
498 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
501 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
505 const char * const origname = name;
509 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
510 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
511 SV *tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
512 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
513 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
514 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), TRUE);
515 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
516 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
519 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
520 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, FALSE);
522 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
523 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
524 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
525 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
526 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, FALSE))
527 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, TRUE);
532 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
534 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
535 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
537 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
540 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
541 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
549 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
552 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
553 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
563 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
571 const char *packname = "";
574 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
577 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
578 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
582 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
583 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
586 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
590 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
594 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
596 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
597 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
599 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
600 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
601 packname, (int)len, name);
604 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
605 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
606 * and split that value on the last '::',
607 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
610 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
616 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
617 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
618 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
619 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
621 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
622 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
626 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
627 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
628 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
632 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
633 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
634 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
635 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
636 SvTAINTED_off(varsv);
640 /* The "gv" parameter should be the glob known to Perl code as *!
641 * The scalar must already have been magicalized.
644 S_require_errno(pTHX_ GV *gv)
647 HV* stash = gv_stashpvs("Errno", FALSE);
649 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH"))) {
653 save_scalar(gv); /* keep the value of $! */
654 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
655 newSVpvs("Errno"), NULL);
658 stash = gv_stashpvs("Errno", FALSE);
659 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH")))
660 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available");
665 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
667 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
668 be a valid UTF-8 string and must be null-terminated. If C<create> is set
669 then the package will be created if it does not already exist. If C<create>
670 is not set and the package does not exist then NULL is returned.
676 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
678 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
682 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
684 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
685 be a valid UTF-8 string. The C<namelen> parameter indicates the length of
686 the C<name>, in bytes. If C<create> is set then the package will be
687 created if it does not already exist. If C<create> is not set and the
688 package does not exist then NULL is returned.
694 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 create)
701 if (namelen + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
704 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 3, char);
705 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
706 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
707 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
708 tmpbuf[namelen] = '\0';
709 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, create, SVt_PVHV);
710 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
715 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
717 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
718 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
723 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
725 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, which must be a
726 valid UTF-8 string. See C<gv_stashpv>.
732 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 create)
735 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
736 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, create);
741 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
742 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
746 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
748 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
749 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
753 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
757 register const char *name = nambeg;
758 register GV *gv = NULL;
761 register const char *name_cursor;
763 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
764 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
766 flags & ~SVf_UTF8 & ~GV_NOADD_NOINIT & ~GV_NOEXPAND & ~GV_NOTQUAL;
767 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
768 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
770 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
771 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
776 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
777 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
781 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
782 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
783 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
784 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
788 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
791 len = name_cursor - name;
796 if (len + 3 < sizeof (smallbuf))
799 Newx(tmpbuf, len+3, char);
800 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
804 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
805 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
806 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
807 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
808 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
812 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
814 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
817 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
818 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
820 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
821 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
824 if (*name_cursor == ':')
828 if (name == name_end)
829 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
832 len = name_cursor - name;
834 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
838 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
847 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
848 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
849 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
853 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
858 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
859 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
863 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
864 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
865 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
869 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
870 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
878 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
880 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
881 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
882 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
883 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
884 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
885 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
886 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
888 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
890 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
891 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
895 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
896 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
897 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
899 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
900 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
901 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
904 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
910 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
916 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
920 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
921 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
922 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
923 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
924 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
926 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
929 stash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
935 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
938 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
939 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
942 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
945 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
946 if (*name=='!' && sv_type == SVt_PVHV && len==1)
950 } else if (no_init) {
952 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
956 /* Adding a new symbol */
958 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
959 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
960 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
961 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
963 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
964 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
967 /* set up magic where warranted */
971 /* Nothing else to do.
972 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
973 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
974 the common case of lower case variable names. */
978 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
981 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
982 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
986 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
990 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
991 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
993 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
994 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
995 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
996 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
999 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1000 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1001 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1002 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, TRUE);
1003 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1004 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1005 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1006 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1007 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1008 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1013 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1014 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1016 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1020 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1024 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1025 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1026 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1030 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1031 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1032 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1034 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1036 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1037 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1042 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1045 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1046 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1049 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1050 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1053 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1054 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1057 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1058 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1061 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1062 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1064 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1067 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1068 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1081 /* ensures variable is only digits */
1082 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
1083 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
1084 const char *end = name + len;
1085 while (--end > name) {
1086 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1093 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1094 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1100 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1101 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1102 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1103 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1106 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1110 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1114 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1115 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1121 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm.
1122 The require will itself set errno, so in order to
1123 preserve its value we have to set up the magic
1124 now (rather than going to magicalize)
1127 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1129 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1135 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1136 sv_magic((SV*)av, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1142 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1143 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1144 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1147 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1152 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1153 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)av, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1157 case '\023': /* $^S */
1168 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1183 case '\001': /* $^A */
1184 case '\003': /* $^C */
1185 case '\004': /* $^D */
1186 case '\005': /* $^E */
1187 case '\006': /* $^F */
1188 case '\010': /* $^H */
1189 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1190 case '\016': /* $^N */
1191 case '\017': /* $^O */
1192 case '\020': /* $^P */
1193 case '\024': /* $^T */
1194 case '\027': /* $^W */
1196 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1199 case '\014': /* $^L */
1200 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1201 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1204 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1208 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1209 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1210 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
1211 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1212 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1216 case '\026': /* $^V */
1218 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1219 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1220 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1230 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1234 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1239 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1241 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1243 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1249 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1250 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1253 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1257 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1259 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1260 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1268 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV(0);
1270 sv_upgrade((SV *)io,SVt_PVIO);
1271 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1272 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1274 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1276 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1277 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1278 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1279 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1280 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1281 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1282 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1287 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1292 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1294 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1296 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1299 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1300 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1302 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1303 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1305 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1307 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1308 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1311 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1312 * module, don't bother warning */
1313 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1314 # define LIB_COMPONENT ":lib:"
1316 # define LIB_COMPONENT "/lib/"
1319 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1320 && (instr(file, LIB_COMPONENT) || instr(file, ".pm")))
1324 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1326 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1328 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1330 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1331 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1332 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1339 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1342 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1346 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1349 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1357 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1358 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1363 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1364 PL_sub_generation++;
1371 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1376 if (!gv || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1378 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1379 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1380 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1381 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1382 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1386 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1387 PL_sub_generation++;
1389 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1390 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1395 if (gp->gp_sv) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1396 if (gp->gp_av) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1397 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1398 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1399 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1400 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1401 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1402 hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1404 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1406 if (gp->gp_io) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1407 if (gp->gp_cv) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1408 if (gp->gp_form) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1415 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1417 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1418 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1420 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1422 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1423 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1425 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1426 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1433 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1436 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1439 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1440 AMT * const amtp = (mg) ? (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr: (AMT *) NULL;
1443 if (mg && amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1444 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation)
1445 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1446 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1448 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1451 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1452 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1453 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1457 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1460 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1462 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1463 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1464 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1468 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1469 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1471 /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1474 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1475 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1477 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1479 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1480 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1481 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1482 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1483 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1484 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1485 const STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1487 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1488 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1489 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1490 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1491 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1492 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1493 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1494 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1495 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1496 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1497 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1498 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1499 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1501 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1503 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1504 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1505 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1506 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1507 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1509 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1511 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1512 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1513 GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1514 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1515 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1518 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1519 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1520 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1521 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1522 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1526 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1528 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1529 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1530 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1532 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1534 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1538 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(cv);
1541 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1543 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1544 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1545 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1549 /* Here we have no table: */
1551 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1552 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1553 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1559 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1565 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1567 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1571 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1573 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1574 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1575 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1577 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1578 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1579 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1580 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1581 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1582 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1583 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1584 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1597 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1602 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1603 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1604 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1605 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1606 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1607 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1612 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1613 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1614 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1615 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1616 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1618 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1619 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1625 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1626 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1628 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1631 /* look for substituted methods */
1632 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1636 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1637 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1638 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1643 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1644 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1645 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1649 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1652 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1655 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1658 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1659 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1660 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1666 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1669 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1670 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1672 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1673 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1675 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1676 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1677 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1683 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1684 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1685 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1687 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1688 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1689 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1691 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1692 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1693 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1696 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1707 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1709 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1714 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1716 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1724 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1729 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1730 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1731 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1732 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1733 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1734 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1736 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1739 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1740 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1741 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1742 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1743 /* We look for substitution for
1744 * comparison operations and
1746 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1747 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1748 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1758 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1765 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1767 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1772 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1780 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1783 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1784 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1785 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1786 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1789 if (off==-1) off=method;
1790 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1791 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1792 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1793 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1795 "in overloaded package ":
1796 "has no overloaded magic",
1798 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1801 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1804 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1806 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1808 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1809 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1811 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, msg);
1815 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1820 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1821 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1823 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1825 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1826 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1827 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1828 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1829 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1830 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1831 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1832 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1835 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1836 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1837 * version of copy operator
1839 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1840 * a) Assignment form was called.
1841 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1842 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1843 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1844 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1845 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1847 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1848 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1850 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1851 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1854 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1855 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1857 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1858 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1865 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1868 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1869 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1870 myop.op_next = Nullop;
1871 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1873 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1876 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1877 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1878 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
1882 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
1883 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
1884 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
1885 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
1887 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
1892 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
1900 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
1907 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
1910 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
1913 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
1916 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
1919 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
1922 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
1925 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
1927 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
1932 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
1934 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
1936 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
1944 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
1946 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
1952 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
1955 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
1956 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
1960 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
1962 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
1964 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
1965 created even in rvalue contexts.
1967 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
1968 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
1970 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
1971 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
1972 pointers returned by SvPV.
1977 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1979 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
1982 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
1985 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
1989 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
1993 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
1996 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
1997 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
1999 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2000 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2003 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2004 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2007 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2008 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2010 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2013 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2014 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2027 const char *end = name + len;
2028 while (--end > name) {
2036 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2037 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2064 case '\001': /* $^A */
2065 case '\003': /* $^C */
2066 case '\004': /* $^D */
2067 case '\005': /* $^E */
2068 case '\006': /* $^F */
2069 case '\010': /* $^H */
2070 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2071 case '\014': /* $^L */
2072 case '\016': /* $^N */
2073 case '\017': /* $^O */
2074 case '\020': /* $^P */
2075 case '\023': /* $^S */
2076 case '\024': /* $^T */
2077 case '\026': /* $^V */
2078 case '\027': /* $^W */
2099 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2101 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2104 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: