3 * Copyright (c) 1991-2002, Larry Wall
5 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
6 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
11 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
12 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
13 * you. What more do you want to know?'
14 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
15 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
28 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
30 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
31 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
38 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
40 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
41 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
48 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
50 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
51 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle");
53 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
55 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
64 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
74 tmplen = strlen(name) + 2;
75 if (tmplen < sizeof smallbuf)
78 New(603, tmpbuf, tmplen + 1, char);
79 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
82 strcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name);
83 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
85 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
86 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv), name);
88 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
90 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
96 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
99 bool doproto = SvTYPE(gv) > SVt_NULL;
100 char *proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX(gv) : NULL;
102 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
111 Newz(602, gp, 1, GP);
112 GvGP(gv) = gp_ref(gp);
113 GvSV(gv) = NEWSV(72,0);
114 GvLINE(gv) = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
115 GvFILE(gv) = CopFILE(PL_curcop) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
118 sv_magic((SV*)gv, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_glob, Nullch, 0);
119 GvSTASH(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(stash);
120 GvNAME(gv) = savepvn(name, len);
122 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
124 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
127 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
128 start_subparse(0,0); /* Create CV in compcv. */
129 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
134 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
135 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
136 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
137 CvOWNER(GvCV(gv)) = 0;
138 if (!CvMUTEXP(GvCV(gv))) {
139 New(666, CvMUTEXP(GvCV(gv)), 1, perl_mutex);
140 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(GvCV(gv)));
142 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
144 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
151 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
167 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
169 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
170 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
171 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
173 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
174 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
175 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
176 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
178 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
179 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
180 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
181 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
182 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
188 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
196 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
198 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
199 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvn("UNIVERSAL", 9, FALSE)))
203 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
204 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
205 name, HvNAME(stash));
207 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,HvNAME(stash)) );
209 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
214 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
215 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
216 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
217 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
218 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
220 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
222 GvCV(topgv) = cv = Nullcv;
225 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
226 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
229 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, "ISA", 3, FALSE);
230 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) ? GvAV(gv) : Nullav;
232 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
233 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
234 char* packname = HvNAME(stash);
235 STRLEN packlen = strlen(packname);
237 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(packname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
241 basestash = gv_stashpvn(packname, packlen, TRUE);
242 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(basestash, "ISA", 3, FALSE);
243 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
244 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
245 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
246 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", HvNAME(stash));
247 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
248 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
249 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
250 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc(av);
256 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
257 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
258 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
261 HV* basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, FALSE);
263 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
264 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_MISC, "Can't locate package %s for @%s::ISA",
265 SvPVX(sv), HvNAME(stash));
268 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
269 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
275 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
277 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
280 if ((lastchance = gv_stashpvn("UNIVERSAL", 9, FALSE))) {
281 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
282 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
286 * Cache method in topgv if:
287 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
288 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
291 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
293 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
295 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
297 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
298 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
302 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
303 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
304 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
313 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod
315 See L<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>.
321 Perl_gv_fetchmethod(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name)
323 return gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, name, TRUE);
327 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
329 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
330 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
331 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
334 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
335 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
336 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
337 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
338 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
340 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
341 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
342 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
343 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
344 created via a side effect to do this.
346 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
347 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
348 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
349 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
355 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
357 register const char *nend;
358 const char *nsplit = 0;
361 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
364 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
368 const char *origname = name;
372 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
373 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
374 SV *tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
375 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
376 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
377 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), TRUE);
378 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
379 origname, HvNAME(stash), name) );
382 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
383 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, FALSE);
386 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
388 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
389 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
391 gv = gv_autoload4(stash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
395 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
403 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
406 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
407 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
417 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
419 char autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
420 STRLEN autolen = sizeof(autoload)-1;
428 return Nullgv; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
429 if (len == autolen && strnEQ(name, autoload, autolen))
431 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, autoload, autolen, FALSE)))
435 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
439 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
441 if (ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED) && !method &&
442 (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash))
443 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_DEPRECATED,
444 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
445 HvNAME(stash), (int)len, name);
447 #ifndef USE_5005THREADS
449 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
450 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
451 * and split that value on the last '::',
452 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
455 SvPVX(cv) = (char *)name; /* cast to lose constness warning */
462 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
463 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
464 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
465 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
467 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
468 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, autoload, autolen, TRUE);
471 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
472 sv_lock((SV *)varstash);
475 gv_init(vargv, varstash, autoload, autolen, FALSE);
478 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
481 sv_setpv(varsv, HvNAME(stash));
482 sv_catpvn(varsv, "::", 2);
483 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
484 SvTAINTED_off(varsv);
488 /* The "gv" parameter should be the glob known to Perl code as *!
489 * The scalar must already have been magicalized.
492 S_require_errno(pTHX_ GV *gv)
494 HV* stash = gv_stashpvn("Errno",5,FALSE);
496 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH"))) {
500 save_scalar(gv); /* keep the value of $! */
501 require_pv("Errno.pm");
504 stash = gv_stashpvn("Errno",5,FALSE);
505 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH")))
506 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available");
511 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
513 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
514 be a valid UTF-8 string. If C<create> is set then the package will be
515 created if it does not already exist. If C<create> is not set and the
516 package does not exist then NULL is returned.
522 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
524 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
528 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 create)
535 if (namelen + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
538 New(606, tmpbuf, namelen + 3, char);
539 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
540 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
541 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
542 tmpbuf[namelen] = '\0';
543 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv(tmpbuf, create, SVt_PVHV);
544 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
549 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
552 HvNAME(stash) = savepv(name);
557 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
559 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, which must be a
560 valid UTF-8 string. See C<gv_stashpv>.
566 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 create)
571 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, create);
576 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type)
578 register const char *name = nambeg;
582 register const char *namend;
585 if (*name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
588 for (namend = name; *namend; namend++) {
589 if ((*namend == ':' && namend[1] == ':')
590 || (*namend == '\'' && namend[1]))
594 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
602 if (len + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
605 New(601, tmpbuf, len+3, char);
606 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
610 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
611 gv = gvp ? *gvp : Nullgv;
612 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
613 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
614 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
618 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
620 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
623 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
624 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
627 HvNAME(stash) = savepvn(nambeg, namend - nambeg);
635 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetch(PL_defstash, "main::", 6, TRUE);
642 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
645 if (isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
648 if (isUPPER(*name)) {
649 if (*name == 'S' && (
650 strEQ(name, "SIG") ||
651 strEQ(name, "STDIN") ||
652 strEQ(name, "STDOUT") ||
653 strEQ(name, "STDERR")))
655 else if (*name == 'I' && strEQ(name, "INC"))
657 else if (*name == 'E' && strEQ(name, "ENV"))
659 else if (*name == 'A' && (
660 strEQ(name, "ARGV") ||
661 strEQ(name, "ARGVOUT")))
664 else if (*name == '_' && (!name[1] || strEQ(name,"__ANON__")))
669 else if ((COP*)PL_curcop == &PL_compiling) {
671 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
672 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
673 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
674 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
675 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
676 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV && strchr("ab",*name)) )
678 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
680 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
681 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
685 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
686 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
687 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
689 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
690 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
691 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
694 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
700 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
706 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
710 qerror(Perl_mess(aTHX_
711 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
712 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
713 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
714 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
716 stash = PL_nullstash;
722 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
725 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
726 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
729 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
732 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
733 if (*name=='!' && sv_type == SVt_PVHV && len==1)
737 } else if (add & GV_NOINIT) {
741 /* Adding a new symbol */
743 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
744 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INTERNAL, "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
745 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
746 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
748 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
749 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
752 /* set up magic where warranted */
755 if (strEQ(name, "ARGV")) {
756 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
760 if (strnEQ(name, "EXPORT", 6))
764 if (strEQ(name, "ISA")) {
767 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, Nullch, 0);
768 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
769 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
770 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
773 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
774 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
775 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
776 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, TRUE);
777 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
778 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
779 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
780 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
781 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
782 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
787 if (strEQ(name, "OVERLOAD")) {
790 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
794 if (strEQ(name, "SIG")) {
798 Newz(73, PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
799 Newz(73, PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
800 Newz(73, PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
804 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
805 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
807 init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
809 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
817 if (strEQ(name, "VERSION"))
826 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
827 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
828 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
829 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
832 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
838 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv),PL_chopset);
844 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
845 (void)SvUPGRADE(GvSV(gv), SVt_PVLV);
853 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm.
854 The require will itself set errno, so in order to
855 preserve its value we have to set up the magic
856 now (rather than going to magicalize)
859 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
861 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
870 sv_magic((SV*)av, Nullsv, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, Nullch, 0);
876 if (ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED) && len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV)
877 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_DEPRECATED, "Use of $%s is deprecated", name);
892 case '\001': /* $^A */
893 case '\003': /* $^C */
894 case '\004': /* $^D */
895 case '\006': /* $^F */
896 case '\010': /* $^H */
897 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
898 case '\016': /* $^N */
899 case '\020': /* $^P */
906 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
908 case '\005': /* $^E && $^ENCODING */
909 if (len > 1 && strNE(name, "\005NCODING"))
913 case '\017': /* $^O & $^OPEN */
914 if (len > 1 && strNE(name, "\017PEN"))
917 case '\023': /* $^S */
921 case '\024': /* $^T, ${^TAINT} */
924 else if (strEQ(name, "\024AINT"))
928 case '\027': /* $^W & $^WARNING_BITS */
929 if (len > 1 && strNE(name, "\027ARNING_BITS")
930 && strNE(name, "\027IDE_SYSTEM_CALLS"))
939 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)av, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, Nullch, 0);
952 /* ensures variable is only digits */
953 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
954 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
957 const char *end = name + len;
958 while (--end > name) {
959 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
964 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
966 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
969 case '\014': /* $^L */
972 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv),"\f");
973 PL_formfeed = GvSV(gv);
978 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv),"\034");
983 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PVNV);
984 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv,
985 #if defined(PERL_SUBVERSION) && (PERL_SUBVERSION > 0)
991 SvNVX(PL_patchlevel));
992 SvNVX(sv) = SvNVX(PL_patchlevel);
997 case '\026': /* $^V */
1000 GvSV(gv) = SvREFCNT_inc(PL_patchlevel);
1009 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1011 HV *hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1016 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1017 if (keepmain || strNE(HvNAME(hv), "main")) {
1018 sv_catpv(sv,HvNAME(hv));
1019 sv_catpvn(sv,"::", 2);
1021 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1025 Perl_gv_fullname3(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv, const char *prefix)
1027 HV *hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1032 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1033 sv_catpv(sv,HvNAME(hv));
1034 sv_catpvn(sv,"::", 2);
1035 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1039 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1041 GV *egv = GvEGV(gv);
1044 gv_fullname4(sv, egv, prefix, keepmain);
1048 Perl_gv_efullname3(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv, const char *prefix)
1050 GV *egv = GvEGV(gv);
1053 gv_fullname3(sv, egv, prefix);
1056 /* XXX compatibility with versions <= 5.003. */
1058 Perl_gv_fullname(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv)
1060 gv_fullname3(sv, gv, sv == (SV*)gv ? "*" : "");
1063 /* XXX compatibility with versions <= 5.003. */
1065 Perl_gv_efullname(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv)
1067 gv_efullname3(sv, gv, sv == (SV*)gv ? "*" : "");
1076 io = (IO*)NEWSV(0,0);
1077 sv_upgrade((SV *)io,SVt_PVIO);
1080 iogv = gv_fetchpv("FileHandle::", FALSE, SVt_PVHV);
1081 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1082 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1083 iogv = gv_fetchpv("IO::Handle::", TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
1084 SvSTASH(io) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv));
1089 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1096 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1098 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1099 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1100 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1101 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1103 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1104 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1106 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1108 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1109 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1112 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1113 * module, don't bother warning */
1115 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1116 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1117 && (instr(file, ":lib:")
1119 && (instr(file, "/lib/")
1121 || instr(file, ".pm")))
1125 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1127 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = file; /* set for warning */
1129 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1131 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_ONCE,
1132 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1133 HvNAME(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1140 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ char *pack)
1142 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1146 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1149 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1156 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1157 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1162 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1163 PL_sub_generation++;
1170 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1174 if (!gv || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1176 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1177 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1178 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INTERNAL,
1179 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers");
1183 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1184 PL_sub_generation++;
1186 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1187 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1192 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1193 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1194 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1195 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1196 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1197 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1203 #if defined(CRIPPLED_CC) && (defined(iAPX286) || defined(M_I286) || defined(I80286))
1207 #ifdef MICROPORT /* Microport 2.4 hack */
1211 if (GvGP(gv)->gp_av)
1212 return GvGP(gv)->gp_av;
1214 return GvGP(gv_AVadd(gv))->gp_av;
1220 if (GvGP(gv)->gp_hv)
1221 return GvGP(gv)->gp_hv;
1223 return GvGP(gv_HVadd(gv))->gp_hv;
1225 #endif /* Microport 2.4 hack */
1228 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1230 AMT *amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1231 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1233 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1234 CV *cv = amtp->table[i];
1236 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1237 amtp->table[i] = Nullcv;
1244 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1247 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1251 MAGIC* mg=mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1252 AMT *amtp = (mg) ? (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr: (AMT *) NULL;
1255 if (mg && amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1256 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation)
1257 return AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1258 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1260 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME(stash)) );
1263 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1264 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1265 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1269 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1273 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1275 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1276 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1281 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1282 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1283 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1285 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1287 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1288 amt.table[i] = Nullcv;
1289 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1290 char *cooky = (char*)PL_AMG_names[i];
1291 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1292 char *cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1293 STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1295 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of `%s' in package `%.256s'\n",
1296 cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
1297 /* don't fill the cache while looking up! */
1298 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, cooky, l, -1);
1300 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1301 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1302 && strEQ(HvNAME(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1303 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1306 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method `%.256s' for overloaded `%s' in package `%.256s'\n",
1307 SvPV_nolen(GvSV(gv)), cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
1308 if (!SvPOK(GvSV(gv))
1309 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX(GvSV(gv)),
1312 /* Can be an import stub (created by `can'). */
1314 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Stub found while resolving method `%.256s' overloading `%s' in package `%.256s'",
1315 (SvPOK(GvSV(gv)) ? SvPVX(GvSV(gv)) : "???" ),
1318 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't resolve method `%.256s' overloading `%s' in package `%.256s'",
1319 (SvPOK(GvSV(gv)) ? SvPVX(GvSV(gv)) : "???" ),
1322 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1324 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading `%s' in package `%.256s' via `%.256s::%.256s' \n",
1325 cp, HvNAME(stash), HvNAME(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1326 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1328 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1331 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(cv);
1334 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1336 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1337 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1338 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1342 /* Here we have no table: */
1344 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1345 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1346 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1352 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1359 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1363 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1365 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1366 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1367 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1369 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp))
1370 return amtp->table[id];
1376 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1380 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1381 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1382 int off=0, off1, lr=0, assign=AMGf_assign & flags, notfound=0;
1383 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0, assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1388 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1389 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1390 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1391 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1392 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1394 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1395 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1401 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1402 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1404 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1407 /* look for substituted methods */
1408 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1412 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1413 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1414 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1419 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1420 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1421 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1425 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1428 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1431 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1434 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1435 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1436 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1442 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1445 SV* tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1446 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1448 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1449 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1451 SV* newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1452 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1453 SvSTASH(newref) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef));
1459 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1460 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1461 SV* nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1463 SV* lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1464 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1465 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1467 SV* lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1468 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1469 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1472 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1483 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1485 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1490 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1492 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1500 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1505 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1506 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1507 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1508 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1509 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1510 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1512 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1515 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1516 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1517 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1518 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1519 /* We look for substitution for
1520 * comparison operations and
1522 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1523 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1524 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1534 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1541 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1543 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1548 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1556 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1559 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1560 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1561 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1562 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1565 if (off==-1) off=method;
1566 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1567 "Operation `%s': no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1568 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1569 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1571 "in overloaded package ":
1572 "has no overloaded magic",
1574 HvNAME(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1577 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1580 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1582 HvNAME(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1584 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1585 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX(msg)) );
1587 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, msg);
1591 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1596 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1597 "Overloaded operator `%s'%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1599 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1601 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1602 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1603 method+assignshift==off? "" : "')",
1604 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1605 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1606 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1607 stash ? HvNAME(stash) : "null",
1608 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1611 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1612 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1613 * version of copy operator
1615 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1616 * a) Assignment form was called.
1617 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1618 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1619 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1620 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1621 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1623 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1624 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1626 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1627 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1630 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1631 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1633 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1634 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1641 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1644 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1645 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1646 myop.op_next = Nullop;
1647 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1649 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1652 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1653 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1654 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
1658 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
1659 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
1660 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
1661 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
1663 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
1668 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
1676 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
1683 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
1686 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
1689 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
1692 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
1695 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
1698 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
1701 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
1703 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
1706 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
1708 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
1710 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
1718 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
1720 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
1722 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
1723 created even in rvalue contexts.
1725 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
1726 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
1731 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1738 if (len == 3 && strEQ(name, "ISA"))
1742 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name, "OVERLOAD"))
1746 if (len == 3 && strEQ(name, "SIG"))
1749 case '\017': /* $^O & $^OPEN */
1751 || (len == 4 && strEQ(name, "\027PEN")))
1756 case '\027': /* $^W & $^WARNING_BITS */
1758 || (len == 12 && strEQ(name, "\027ARNING_BITS"))
1759 || (len == 17 && strEQ(name, "\027IDE_SYSTEM_CALLS")))
1791 case '\001': /* $^A */
1792 case '\003': /* $^C */
1793 case '\004': /* $^D */
1794 case '\005': /* $^E */
1795 case '\006': /* $^F */
1796 case '\010': /* $^H */
1797 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1798 case '\014': /* $^L */
1799 case '\016': /* $^N */
1800 case '\020': /* $^P */
1801 case '\023': /* $^S */
1802 case '\026': /* $^V */
1806 case '\024': /* $^T, ${^TAINT} */
1807 if (len == 1 || strEQ(name, "\024AINT"))
1820 char *end = name + len;
1821 while (--end > name) {