3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
38 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
39 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
42 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
44 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
46 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_SVADD;
48 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
49 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
57 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
59 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AVADD;
61 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
62 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
69 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
71 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_HVADD;
73 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
74 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
81 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
85 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_IOADD;
87 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
90 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
91 * this is a dirhandle.
93 const char * const fh =
94 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
95 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
96 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
97 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
98 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
99 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
100 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
104 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
106 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
115 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
117 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE;
118 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
122 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
128 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
131 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE_FLAGS;
132 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
137 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
140 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
141 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
144 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
145 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
147 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
148 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
149 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
151 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
154 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
156 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
162 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
164 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
165 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
166 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
173 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
175 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CONST_SV;
177 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
178 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
179 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
183 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
188 const char *const file
189 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
190 const STRLEN len = strlen(file);
192 SV *const temp_sv = CopFILESV(PL_curcop);
196 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGP;
199 file = SvPVX(temp_sv);
200 len = SvCUR(temp_sv);
207 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
211 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
212 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
215 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
216 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
218 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
226 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
229 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
230 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
231 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX(gv) : NULL;
232 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
233 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
234 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
236 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT;
237 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
240 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
241 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
247 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
248 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
256 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
257 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
259 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
267 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
272 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
275 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
276 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
277 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
279 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
282 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
283 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
284 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
285 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
286 from a reference to CV. */
287 if (exported_constant)
288 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
290 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
291 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
295 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* sub Foo::bar($) { (shift) } sub ASDF::baz($); *ASDF::baz = \&Foo::bar */
297 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
298 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
300 sv_usepvn_flags((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto, protolen,
301 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
307 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, const svtype sv_type)
309 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SV;
321 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
329 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
330 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
338 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
340 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
341 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
342 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
344 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
345 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
346 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
347 up caching info for this glob.
349 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
350 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
351 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
352 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
353 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
358 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
361 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
369 GV* candidate = NULL;
374 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
379 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH;
381 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
383 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
384 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
390 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
392 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
397 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
399 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
401 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
402 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, create);
406 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
407 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
408 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
409 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
410 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
414 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
415 SvREFCNT_dec(cand_cv);
416 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv = NULL;
420 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
421 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
426 packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
427 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
430 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, GV_ADD);
431 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(basestash);
434 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
437 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
438 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
440 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
442 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
445 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
446 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
447 SVfARG(linear_sv), hvname);
453 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, len, 0);
457 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV) gv_init(candidate, cstash, name, len, TRUE);
458 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
460 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
461 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
462 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
464 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
465 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
466 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
467 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
468 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
474 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
475 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
476 candidate = gv_fetchmeth(NULL, name, len, 1);
478 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
479 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
480 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
481 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
482 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
483 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
489 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
490 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
491 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
498 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
500 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
501 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
503 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
504 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
505 of the result may be zero.
511 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
513 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
515 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_AUTOLOAD;
522 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
523 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
525 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
528 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
530 /* Have an autoload */
531 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
532 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
533 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
542 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
544 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
545 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
546 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
549 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
550 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
551 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
552 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
553 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
555 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
556 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
557 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
558 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
559 created via a side effect to do this.
561 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
562 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
563 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
564 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
570 S_gv_get_super_pkg(pTHX_ const char* name, I32 namelen)
577 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_GET_SUPER_PKG;
579 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, 0);
580 if(stash) return stash;
582 /* If we must create it, give it an @ISA array containing
583 the real package this SUPER is for, so that it's tied
584 into the cache invalidation code correctly */
585 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, GV_ADD);
586 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
588 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
589 superisa = GvAVn(gv);
591 sv_magic((SV*)superisa, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
593 av_push(superisa, newSVpv(CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop), 0));
595 av_push(superisa, newSVhek(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)
596 ? HvNAME_HEK(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)) : NULL));
602 /* FIXME. If changing this function note the comment in pp_hot's
605 This code tries to figure out just what went wrong with
606 gv_fetchmethod. It therefore needs to duplicate a lot of
607 the internals of that function. ...
609 I'd guess that with one more flag bit that could all be moved inside
614 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
617 register const char *nend;
618 const char *nsplit = NULL;
622 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_AUTOLOAD;
624 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
627 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
630 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
634 const char * const origname = name;
638 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
639 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
640 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
641 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
642 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
643 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr));
644 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
645 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
648 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
649 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, 0);
651 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
652 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
653 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
654 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
655 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, 0))
656 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(origname, nsplit - origname);
661 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
663 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
664 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
666 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
669 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
670 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
678 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
681 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
682 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
692 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
700 const char *packname = "";
701 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
703 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD4;
705 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
708 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
709 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
713 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
714 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
717 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
721 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
725 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
727 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
728 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
730 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
731 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
732 packname, (int)len, name);
735 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
736 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
737 * and split that value on the last '::',
738 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
741 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
747 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
748 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
749 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
750 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
752 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
753 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
757 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
758 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
759 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
763 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
764 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
765 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
766 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
771 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
772 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
774 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
775 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
776 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
777 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
778 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
779 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
780 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
781 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
784 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
787 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
789 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REQUIRE_TIE_MOD;
791 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
792 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
793 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
794 so save it. For the moment it's always
800 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
801 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
805 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
807 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" is not available",
808 varname, SVfARG(namesv));
809 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
810 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
811 varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
813 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
818 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
820 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
821 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
827 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
829 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPV;
830 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
834 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
836 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
837 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
838 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
839 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
840 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
848 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
855 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN;
857 if (namelen + 2 <= sizeof smallbuf)
860 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 2, char);
861 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
862 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
863 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
864 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
865 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
870 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
872 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
873 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
878 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
880 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
886 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
889 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
891 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSV;
893 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags);
898 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, const svtype sv_type) {
899 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPV;
900 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
904 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, const svtype sv_type) {
906 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
907 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHSV;
908 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
912 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
913 const svtype sv_type)
916 register const char *name = nambeg;
917 register GV *gv = NULL;
920 register const char *name_cursor;
922 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
923 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
924 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
925 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
926 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
929 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPVN_FLAGS;
931 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
932 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
937 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
938 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
942 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
943 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
944 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
945 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
949 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
952 len = name_cursor - name;
957 if (len + 2 <= (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
960 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
961 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
964 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
965 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
966 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
967 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
968 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
972 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
974 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
977 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
978 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
980 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
981 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
984 if (*name_cursor == ':')
988 if (name == name_end)
989 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
992 len = name_cursor - name;
994 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
998 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
1007 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
1008 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
1009 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
1013 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1018 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
1019 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
1023 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
1024 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
1025 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
1029 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1030 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
1037 stash = PL_defstash;
1038 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
1039 stash = PL_curstash;
1040 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
1041 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
1042 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
1043 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
1044 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
1045 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
1046 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
1048 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
1050 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
1051 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1055 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1056 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1057 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1059 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
1060 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1061 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1064 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
1070 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1073 stash = PL_defstash;
1076 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
1080 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
1081 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
1082 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1083 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1084 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1087 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
1090 gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1092 /* symbol table under destruction */
1101 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1104 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
1105 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
1108 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1111 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1112 if (len == 1 && (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)) {
1114 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1115 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1116 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1120 } else if (no_init) {
1122 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1126 /* Adding a new symbol.
1127 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
1128 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
1130 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
1131 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
1133 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
1135 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1136 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1137 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1138 gv_init_sv(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
1140 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1141 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1144 /* set up magic where warranted */
1149 /* Nothing else to do.
1150 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1151 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1152 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1156 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1159 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1160 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1162 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1167 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1171 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1172 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1174 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1175 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1176 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1177 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1180 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1181 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1182 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1183 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, GV_ADD);
1184 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1185 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1186 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1187 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1188 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1189 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1194 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1195 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1197 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1201 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1205 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1206 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1207 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1211 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1212 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1213 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1215 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1217 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1218 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1223 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1226 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1227 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1230 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1231 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1234 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1235 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1237 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1238 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1241 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1242 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1244 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1245 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1248 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1249 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1251 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1253 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1256 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1257 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1270 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1272 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1273 const char *end = name + len;
1274 while (--end > name) {
1275 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1282 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1283 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1289 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1290 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1291 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1292 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1295 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1299 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1303 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1304 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1310 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1312 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1314 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1315 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1316 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1321 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1323 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1324 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? (SV*)av : NULL;
1326 sv_magic((SV*)av, avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1327 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1329 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1332 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1333 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1339 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2_d(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1340 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1341 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1344 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1347 case '\010': /* $^H */
1349 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1350 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1353 case '\023': /* $^S */
1355 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1379 case '\001': /* $^A */
1380 case '\003': /* $^C */
1381 case '\004': /* $^D */
1382 case '\005': /* $^E */
1383 case '\006': /* $^F */
1384 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1385 case '\016': /* $^N */
1386 case '\017': /* $^O */
1387 case '\020': /* $^P */
1388 case '\024': /* $^T */
1389 case '\027': /* $^W */
1391 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1394 case '\014': /* $^L */
1395 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1396 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1399 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1403 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1404 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1405 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
1406 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1407 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1411 case '\026': /* $^V */
1413 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1414 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1415 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1425 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1429 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1431 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FULLNAME4;
1437 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1439 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1441 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1447 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1448 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1451 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1455 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1457 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1459 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_EFULLNAME4;
1461 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1469 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV_type(SVt_PVIO);
1470 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1471 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1473 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1475 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1476 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1477 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1478 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1479 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1480 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1481 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1486 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1491 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CHECK;
1493 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1495 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1497 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1500 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1501 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1503 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1504 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1506 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1508 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1509 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1512 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1514 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1516 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
1517 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
1519 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1520 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1521 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1528 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1532 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVGEN;
1534 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1538 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1541 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1549 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
1550 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
1551 don't infect them with our cached entry */
1552 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1561 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1566 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1568 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1569 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1570 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1571 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1572 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1575 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1576 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1582 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1583 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1584 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1585 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1586 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1587 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1588 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1589 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1590 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1591 (void)hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1593 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1595 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1596 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1597 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1604 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1606 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1607 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1609 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAGIC_FREEOVRLD;
1611 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1613 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1614 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1616 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1617 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1624 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1627 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1630 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1632 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1635 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AMUPDATE;
1637 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1639 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1640 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1641 && amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
1642 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1644 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1647 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1650 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1651 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
1652 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1656 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1659 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1661 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1662 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1663 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1667 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1668 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1670 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1673 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1674 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1676 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1678 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1679 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1680 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1681 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1682 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1683 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1684 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
1686 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1687 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1688 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1689 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1690 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1691 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1692 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1693 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1694 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1695 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1696 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1697 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1698 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1700 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1702 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1703 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1704 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1705 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1706 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1708 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1710 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1711 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1712 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1713 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1714 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1717 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1718 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1719 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1720 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1721 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1725 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1727 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1728 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1729 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1731 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1733 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1737 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1740 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1742 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1743 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1744 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1748 /* Here we have no table: */
1750 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1751 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1752 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1758 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1764 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
1766 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1769 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1770 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1772 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1776 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1779 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1780 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1781 || amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
1783 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1784 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1785 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1786 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1787 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1788 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1789 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1790 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1803 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1808 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1809 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1810 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1811 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1812 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1813 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1819 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_CALL;
1821 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1822 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1823 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1824 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1825 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1827 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1828 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1834 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1835 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1837 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1840 /* look for substituted methods */
1841 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1845 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1846 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1847 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1852 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1853 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1854 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1858 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1861 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1864 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1867 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1868 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1869 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1875 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1878 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1879 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1881 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1882 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1884 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1885 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1886 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1887 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1888 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1889 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1891 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1892 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1898 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1899 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1900 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1902 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1903 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1904 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1906 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1907 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1908 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1911 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1922 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1924 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1929 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1931 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1939 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1944 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1945 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1946 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1947 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1948 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1949 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1951 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1954 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1955 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1956 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1957 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1958 /* We look for substitution for
1959 * comparison operations and
1961 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1962 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1963 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1973 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1980 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1982 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1987 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
2008 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2011 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
2012 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
2013 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
2014 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
2015 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
2016 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
2020 if (off==-1) off=method;
2021 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
2022 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
2023 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2024 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
2026 "in overloaded package ":
2027 "has no overloaded magic",
2029 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
2032 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
2035 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
2037 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
2039 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
2040 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
2042 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
2046 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
2051 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
2052 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
2054 method+assignshift==off? "" :
2056 method+assignshift==off? "" :
2057 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
2058 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
2059 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
2060 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
2061 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
2062 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
2063 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
2066 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
2067 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
2068 * version of copy operator
2070 /* We need to copy in following cases:
2071 * a) Assignment form was called.
2072 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
2073 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
2074 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
2075 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
2076 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
2078 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
2079 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
2081 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
2082 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
2085 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
2086 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
2088 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
2089 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
2096 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2099 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
2100 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
2101 myop.op_next = NULL;
2102 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
2104 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
2107 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
2108 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
2109 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2113 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
2114 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
2115 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
2116 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
2118 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2119 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift), SVs_TEMP));
2124 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
2132 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2139 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2142 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2145 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2148 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2151 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2154 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2157 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2159 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2164 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2166 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2168 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2176 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2178 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
2184 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
2187 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2189 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IS_GV_MAGICAL_SV;
2191 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2195 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2197 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2199 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2200 created even in rvalue contexts.
2202 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2203 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2205 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2206 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2207 pointers returned by SvPV.
2212 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2214 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2215 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2217 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IS_GV_MAGICAL;
2220 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2223 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2227 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2231 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2234 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2235 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2237 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2238 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2241 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2242 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2245 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2246 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2248 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2251 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2252 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2265 const char *end = name + len;
2266 while (--end > name) {
2274 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2275 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2302 case '\001': /* $^A */
2303 case '\003': /* $^C */
2304 case '\004': /* $^D */
2305 case '\005': /* $^E */
2306 case '\006': /* $^F */
2307 case '\010': /* $^H */
2308 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2309 case '\014': /* $^L */
2310 case '\016': /* $^N */
2311 case '\017': /* $^O */
2312 case '\020': /* $^P */
2313 case '\023': /* $^S */
2314 case '\024': /* $^T */
2315 case '\026': /* $^V */
2316 case '\027': /* $^W */
2336 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2341 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_NAME_SET;
2342 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2345 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2347 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2348 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2351 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2352 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2357 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2359 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2362 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: