3 * Copyright (c) 1991-2001, Larry Wall
5 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
6 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
11 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
12 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
13 * you. What more do you want to know?'
14 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
15 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
24 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
26 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
27 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
34 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
36 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
37 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
44 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
46 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
47 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle");
49 #ifdef GV_SHARED_CHECK
51 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is shared)");
60 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
70 tmplen = strlen(name) + 2;
71 if (tmplen < sizeof smallbuf)
74 New(603, tmpbuf, tmplen + 1, char);
77 strcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name);
78 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
80 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
81 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv), name);
83 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
85 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
91 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
94 bool doproto = SvTYPE(gv) > SVt_NULL;
95 char *proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX(gv) : NULL;
97 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
106 Newz(602, gp, 1, GP);
107 GvGP(gv) = gp_ref(gp);
108 GvSV(gv) = NEWSV(72,0);
109 GvLINE(gv) = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
110 GvFILE(gv) = CopFILE(PL_curcop) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
113 sv_magic((SV*)gv, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_glob, Nullch, 0);
114 GvSTASH(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(stash);
115 GvNAME(gv) = savepvn(name, len);
117 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
119 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
122 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
123 start_subparse(0,0); /* Create CV in compcv. */
124 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
129 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
130 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
132 CvOWNER(GvCV(gv)) = 0;
133 if (!CvMUTEXP(GvCV(gv))) {
134 New(666, CvMUTEXP(GvCV(gv)), 1, perl_mutex);
135 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(GvCV(gv)));
137 #endif /* USE_THREADS */
139 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
146 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
162 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
164 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
165 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
166 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
168 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
169 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
170 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
171 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
173 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
174 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
175 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
176 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
177 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
183 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
191 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
193 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
194 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvn("UNIVERSAL", 9, FALSE)))
198 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
199 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
200 name, HvNAME(stash));
202 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,HvNAME(stash)) );
204 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
209 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
210 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
211 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
212 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
213 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
215 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
217 GvCV(topgv) = cv = Nullcv;
220 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
221 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
224 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, "ISA", 3, FALSE);
225 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) ? GvAV(gv) : Nullav;
227 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
228 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
229 char* packname = HvNAME(stash);
230 STRLEN packlen = strlen(packname);
232 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(packname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
236 basestash = gv_stashpvn(packname, packlen, TRUE);
237 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(basestash, "ISA", 3, FALSE);
238 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
239 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
240 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
241 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", HvNAME(stash));
242 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
243 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
244 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
245 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc(av);
251 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
252 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
253 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
256 HV* basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, FALSE);
258 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
259 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_MISC, "Can't locate package %s for @%s::ISA",
260 SvPVX(sv), HvNAME(stash));
263 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
264 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
270 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
272 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
275 if ((lastchance = gv_stashpvn("UNIVERSAL", 9, FALSE))) {
276 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
277 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
281 * Cache method in topgv if:
282 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
283 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
286 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
288 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
290 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
292 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
293 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
297 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
298 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
299 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
308 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod
310 See L<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>.
316 Perl_gv_fetchmethod(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name)
318 return gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, name, TRUE);
322 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
324 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
325 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
326 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
329 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
330 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
331 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
332 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
333 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
335 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
336 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
337 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
338 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
339 created via a side effect to do this.
341 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
342 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
343 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
344 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
350 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
352 register const char *nend;
353 const char *nsplit = 0;
356 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
359 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
363 const char *origname = name;
367 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
368 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
369 SV *tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
370 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
371 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
372 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), TRUE);
373 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
374 origname, HvNAME(stash), name) );
377 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
378 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, FALSE);
381 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
383 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
384 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
386 gv = gv_autoload4(stash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
390 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
398 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
401 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
402 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
412 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
414 static char autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
415 static STRLEN autolen = 8;
423 return Nullgv; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
424 if (len == autolen && strnEQ(name, autoload, autolen))
426 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, autoload, autolen, FALSE)))
430 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
434 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
436 if (ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED) && !method &&
437 (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash))
438 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_DEPRECATED,
439 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
440 HvNAME(stash), (int)len, name);
444 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
445 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
446 * and split that value on the last '::',
447 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
450 SvPVX(cv) = (char *)name; /* cast to lose constness warning */
457 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
458 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
459 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
460 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
462 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
463 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, autoload, autolen, TRUE);
467 sv_lock((SV *)varstash);
470 gv_init(vargv, varstash, autoload, autolen, FALSE);
476 sv_setpv(varsv, HvNAME(stash));
477 sv_catpvn(varsv, "::", 2);
478 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
479 SvTAINTED_off(varsv);
483 /* The "gv" parameter should be the glob known to Perl code as *!
484 * The scalar must already have been magicalized.
487 S_require_errno(pTHX_ GV *gv)
489 HV* stash = gv_stashpvn("Errno",5,FALSE);
491 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH"))) {
495 save_scalar(gv); /* keep the value of $! */
496 require_pv("Errno.pm");
499 stash = gv_stashpvn("Errno",5,FALSE);
500 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH")))
501 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available");
506 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
508 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
509 be a valid UTF-8 string. If C<create> is set then the package will be
510 created if it does not already exist. If C<create> is not set and the
511 package does not exist then NULL is returned.
517 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
519 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
523 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 create)
530 if (namelen + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
533 New(606, tmpbuf, namelen + 3, char);
534 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
535 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
536 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
537 tmpbuf[namelen] = '\0';
538 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv(tmpbuf, create, SVt_PVHV);
539 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
544 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
547 HvNAME(stash) = savepv(name);
552 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
554 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, which must be a
555 valid UTF-8 string. See C<gv_stashpv>.
561 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 create)
566 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, create);
571 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type)
573 register const char *name = nambeg;
577 register const char *namend;
580 if (*name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
583 for (namend = name; *namend; namend++) {
584 if ((*namend == ':' && namend[1] == ':')
585 || (*namend == '\'' && namend[1]))
589 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
597 if (len + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
600 New(601, tmpbuf, len+3, char);
601 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
605 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
606 gv = gvp ? *gvp : Nullgv;
607 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
608 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
609 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
613 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
615 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
618 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
619 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
622 HvNAME(stash) = savepvn(nambeg, namend - nambeg);
630 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetch(PL_defstash, "main::", 6, TRUE);
637 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
640 if (isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
643 if (isUPPER(*name)) {
644 if (*name == 'S' && (
645 strEQ(name, "SIG") ||
646 strEQ(name, "STDIN") ||
647 strEQ(name, "STDOUT") ||
648 strEQ(name, "STDERR")))
650 else if (*name == 'I' && strEQ(name, "INC"))
652 else if (*name == 'E' && strEQ(name, "ENV"))
654 else if (*name == 'A' && (
655 strEQ(name, "ARGV") ||
656 strEQ(name, "ARGVOUT")))
659 else if (*name == '_' && !name[1])
664 else if ((COP*)PL_curcop == &PL_compiling) {
666 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
667 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
668 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
669 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
670 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
671 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV && strchr("ab",*name)) )
673 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
675 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
676 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
680 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
681 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
682 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
684 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
685 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
686 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
689 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
695 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
701 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
705 qerror(Perl_mess(aTHX_
706 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
707 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
708 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
709 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
711 stash = PL_nullstash;
717 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
720 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
721 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
724 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
727 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
728 if (*name=='!' && sv_type == SVt_PVHV && len==1)
732 } else if (add & GV_NOINIT) {
736 /* Adding a new symbol */
738 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
739 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INTERNAL, "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
740 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
741 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
743 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
744 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
747 /* set up magic where warranted */
750 if (strEQ(name, "ARGV")) {
751 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
755 if (strnEQ(name, "EXPORT", 6))
759 if (strEQ(name, "ISA")) {
762 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, Nullch, 0);
763 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
764 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
765 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
768 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
769 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
770 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
771 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, TRUE);
772 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
773 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
774 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
775 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
776 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
777 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
782 if (strEQ(name, "OVERLOAD")) {
785 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
789 if (strEQ(name, "SIG")) {
793 Newz(73, PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
794 Newz(73, PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
795 Newz(73, PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
799 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
800 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
802 init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
804 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
812 if (strEQ(name, "VERSION"))
819 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
825 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
831 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
837 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv),PL_chopset);
843 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
844 (void)SvUPGRADE(GvSV(gv), SVt_PVLV);
852 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm.
853 The require will itself set errno, so in order to
854 preserve its value we have to set up the magic
855 now (rather than going to magicalize)
858 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
860 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
869 sv_magic((SV*)av, Nullsv, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, Nullch, 0);
875 if (ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED) && len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV)
876 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_DEPRECATED, "Use of $%s is deprecated", name);
891 case '\001': /* $^A */
892 case '\003': /* $^C */
893 case '\004': /* $^D */
894 case '\005': /* $^E */
895 case '\006': /* $^F */
896 case '\010': /* $^H */
897 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
898 case '\020': /* $^P */
899 case '\024': /* $^T */
906 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
908 case '\017': /* $^O & $^OPEN */
909 if (len > 1 && strNE(name, "\017PEN"))
912 case '\023': /* $^S */
916 case '\027': /* $^W & $^WARNING_BITS */
917 if (len > 1 && strNE(name, "\027ARNING_BITS")
918 && strNE(name, "\027IDE_SYSTEM_CALLS"))
927 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)av, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, Nullch, 0);
941 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
943 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
946 case '\014': /* $^L */
949 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv),"\f");
950 PL_formfeed = GvSV(gv);
955 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv),"\034");
960 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PVNV);
961 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv,
962 #if defined(PERL_SUBVERSION) && (PERL_SUBVERSION > 0)
968 SvNVX(PL_patchlevel));
969 SvNVX(sv) = SvNVX(PL_patchlevel);
974 case '\026': /* $^V */
977 GvSV(gv) = SvREFCNT_inc(PL_patchlevel);
986 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
988 HV *hv = GvSTASH(gv);
993 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
994 if (keepmain || strNE(HvNAME(hv), "main")) {
995 sv_catpv(sv,HvNAME(hv));
996 sv_catpvn(sv,"::", 2);
998 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1002 Perl_gv_fullname3(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv, const char *prefix)
1004 HV *hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1009 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1010 sv_catpv(sv,HvNAME(hv));
1011 sv_catpvn(sv,"::", 2);
1012 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1016 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1018 GV *egv = GvEGV(gv);
1021 gv_fullname4(sv, egv, prefix, keepmain);
1025 Perl_gv_efullname3(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv, const char *prefix)
1027 GV *egv = GvEGV(gv);
1030 gv_fullname3(sv, egv, prefix);
1033 /* XXX compatibility with versions <= 5.003. */
1035 Perl_gv_fullname(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv)
1037 gv_fullname3(sv, gv, sv == (SV*)gv ? "*" : "");
1040 /* XXX compatibility with versions <= 5.003. */
1042 Perl_gv_efullname(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv)
1044 gv_efullname3(sv, gv, sv == (SV*)gv ? "*" : "");
1053 io = (IO*)NEWSV(0,0);
1054 sv_upgrade((SV *)io,SVt_PVIO);
1057 iogv = gv_fetchpv("FileHandle::", FALSE, SVt_PVHV);
1058 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1059 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1060 iogv = gv_fetchpv("IO::Handle::", TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
1061 SvSTASH(io) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv));
1066 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1073 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1075 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1076 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1077 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1078 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1080 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1081 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1083 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1085 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1086 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1089 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1090 * module, don't bother warning */
1092 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1093 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1094 && (instr(file, ":lib:")
1096 && (instr(file, "/lib/")
1098 || instr(file, ".pm")))
1102 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1104 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = file; /* set for warning */
1106 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1108 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_ONCE,
1109 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1110 HvNAME(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1117 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ char *pack)
1119 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1123 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1126 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1133 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1134 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1139 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1140 PL_sub_generation++;
1147 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1151 if (!gv || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1153 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1154 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1155 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INTERNAL,
1156 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers");
1160 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1161 PL_sub_generation++;
1163 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1164 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1169 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1170 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1171 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1172 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1173 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1174 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1180 #if defined(CRIPPLED_CC) && (defined(iAPX286) || defined(M_I286) || defined(I80286))
1184 #ifdef MICROPORT /* Microport 2.4 hack */
1188 if (GvGP(gv)->gp_av)
1189 return GvGP(gv)->gp_av;
1191 return GvGP(gv_AVadd(gv))->gp_av;
1197 if (GvGP(gv)->gp_hv)
1198 return GvGP(gv)->gp_hv;
1200 return GvGP(gv_HVadd(gv))->gp_hv;
1202 #endif /* Microport 2.4 hack */
1205 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1207 AMT *amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1208 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1210 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1211 CV *cv = amtp->table[i];
1213 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1214 amtp->table[i] = Nullcv;
1221 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1224 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1228 MAGIC* mg=mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1229 AMT *amtp = (mg) ? (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr: (AMT *) NULL;
1232 if (mg && amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1233 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation)
1234 return AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1235 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1237 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME(stash)) );
1240 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1241 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1242 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1246 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1250 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1252 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1253 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1258 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1259 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1260 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1262 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1264 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1265 amt.table[i] = Nullcv;
1266 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1267 char *cooky = (char*)PL_AMG_names[i];
1268 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1269 char *cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1270 STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1272 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of `%s' in package `%.256s'\n",
1273 cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
1274 /* don't fill the cache while looking up! */
1275 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, cooky, l, -1);
1277 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1278 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1279 && strEQ(HvNAME(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1280 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1283 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method `%.256s' for overloaded `%s' in package `%.256s'\n",
1284 SvPV_nolen(GvSV(gv)), cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
1285 if (!SvPOK(GvSV(gv))
1286 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX(GvSV(gv)),
1289 /* Can be an import stub (created by `can'). */
1291 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Stub found while resolving method `%.256s' overloading `%s' in package `%.256s'",
1292 (SvPOK(GvSV(gv)) ? SvPVX(GvSV(gv)) : "???" ),
1295 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't resolve method `%.256s' overloading `%s' in package `%.256s'",
1296 (SvPOK(GvSV(gv)) ? SvPVX(GvSV(gv)) : "???" ),
1299 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1301 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading `%s' in package `%.256s' via `%.256s::%.256s' \n",
1302 cp, HvNAME(stash), HvNAME(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1303 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1305 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1308 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(cv);
1311 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1313 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1314 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1315 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1319 /* Here we have no table: */
1321 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1322 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1323 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1329 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1336 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1340 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1342 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1343 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1344 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1346 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp))
1347 return amtp->table[id];
1353 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1357 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1358 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1359 int fl=0, off=0, off1, lr=0, assign=AMGf_assign & flags, notfound=0;
1360 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0, assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1362 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1363 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)(stash=SvSTASH(SvRV(left))),
1364 PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1365 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1366 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1368 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1369 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1371 (fl = 1, cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1372 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1374 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1377 /* look for substituted methods */
1378 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1382 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1383 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1384 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1389 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1390 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1391 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1395 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1398 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1401 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1404 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1405 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1406 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1412 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1415 SV* tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1416 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1418 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1419 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1421 SV* newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1422 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1423 SvSTASH(newref) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef));
1429 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1430 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1431 SV* nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1433 SV* lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1434 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1435 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1437 SV* lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1438 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1439 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1442 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1453 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1455 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1460 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1462 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1470 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1475 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1476 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1477 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)(stash=SvSTASH(SvRV(right))),
1478 PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1479 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1480 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1482 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1485 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1486 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1487 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1488 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1489 /* We look for substitution for
1490 * comparison operations and
1492 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1493 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1494 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1504 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1511 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1513 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1518 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1526 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1529 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1530 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1531 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1532 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1535 if (off==-1) off=method;
1536 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1537 "Operation `%s': no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1538 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1539 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1541 "in overloaded package ":
1542 "has no overloaded magic",
1544 HvNAME(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1547 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1550 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1552 HvNAME(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1554 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1555 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX(msg)) );
1557 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, msg);
1561 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1565 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_
1566 "Overloaded operator `%s'%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1568 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1570 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1571 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1572 method+assignshift==off? "" : "')",
1573 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1574 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1575 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1577 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1579 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1580 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1581 * version of copy operator
1583 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1584 * a) Assignment form was called.
1585 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1586 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1587 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1588 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1589 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1591 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1592 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1594 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1595 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1598 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1599 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1601 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1602 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1609 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1612 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1613 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1614 myop.op_next = Nullop;
1615 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1617 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1620 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1621 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1622 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
1626 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
1627 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
1628 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
1629 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
1631 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
1636 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
1644 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
1651 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
1654 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
1657 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
1660 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
1663 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
1666 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
1669 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
1671 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
1674 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
1676 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
1678 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
1686 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
1688 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
1690 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
1691 created even in rvalue contexts.
1693 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
1694 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
1699 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1706 if (len == 3 && strEQ(name, "ISA"))
1710 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name, "OVERLOAD"))
1714 if (len == 3 && strEQ(name, "SIG"))
1717 case '\017': /* $^O & $^OPEN */
1719 || (len == 4 && strEQ(name, "\027PEN")))
1724 case '\027': /* $^W & $^WARNING_BITS */
1726 || (len == 12 && strEQ(name, "\027ARNING_BITS"))
1727 || (len == 17 && strEQ(name, "\027IDE_SYSTEM_CALLS")))
1759 case '\001': /* $^A */
1760 case '\003': /* $^C */
1761 case '\004': /* $^D */
1762 case '\005': /* $^E */
1763 case '\006': /* $^F */
1764 case '\010': /* $^H */
1765 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1766 case '\014': /* $^L */
1767 case '\020': /* $^P */
1768 case '\023': /* $^S */
1769 case '\024': /* $^T */
1770 case '\026': /* $^V */
1784 char *end = name + len;
1785 while (--end > name) {