3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
37 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
38 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
41 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
43 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
45 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
46 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
54 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
56 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
57 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
64 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
66 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
67 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
74 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
77 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
80 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
81 * this is a dirhandle.
83 const char * const fh =
84 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
88 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
89 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
90 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
94 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
96 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
105 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
116 tmplen = strlen(name) + 2;
117 if (tmplen < sizeof smallbuf)
120 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen + 1, char);
121 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
124 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, tmplen - 1);
125 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
127 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
128 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
129 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, tmplen - 2);
131 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, tmplen - 2);
134 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
136 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
142 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
144 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
145 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
146 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
153 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
155 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
156 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
157 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
161 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
164 const char *const file = CopFILE(PL_curcop) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
165 STRLEN len = strlen(file);
168 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
172 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
173 gp->gv_sv = newSV(0);
176 gp->gp_line = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
177 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
179 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
187 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
190 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
191 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
192 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
193 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
195 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
198 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
199 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
205 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
206 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
213 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
214 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
216 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
224 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
228 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
231 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
232 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
233 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
235 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
239 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
240 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
242 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
243 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
244 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
250 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
251 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
253 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
260 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
272 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
285 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
287 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
288 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
289 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
291 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
292 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
293 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
294 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
296 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
297 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
298 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
299 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
300 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
306 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
316 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
318 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
319 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE)))
323 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
326 "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
328 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
329 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
332 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
334 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
339 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
340 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
341 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
342 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
343 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
345 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
347 GvCV(topgv) = cv = NULL;
350 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
351 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
354 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", FALSE);
355 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) ? GvAV(gv) : NULL;
357 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
358 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
359 STRLEN packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
361 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
365 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, TRUE);
366 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(basestash, "ISA", FALSE);
367 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
368 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
369 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
370 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", hvname);
371 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
372 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
373 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
374 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(av);
380 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
381 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
382 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
384 SV* const sv = *svp++;
385 HV* const basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, FALSE);
387 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
388 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
392 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
393 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
399 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
401 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
402 HV* const lastchance = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE);
405 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
406 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
410 * Cache method in topgv if:
411 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
412 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
415 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
417 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
419 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
421 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
422 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
426 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
427 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
428 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
437 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
439 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
440 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
442 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
443 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
444 of the result may be zero.
450 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
452 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
459 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
460 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
462 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
465 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
467 /* Have an autoload */
468 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
469 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
470 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
479 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
481 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
482 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
483 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
486 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
487 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
488 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
489 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
490 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
492 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
493 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
494 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
495 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
496 created via a side effect to do this.
498 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
499 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
500 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
501 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
507 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
510 register const char *nend;
511 const char *nsplit = NULL;
515 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
518 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
521 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
525 const char * const origname = name;
529 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
530 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
531 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
532 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
533 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
534 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), TRUE);
535 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
536 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
539 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
540 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, FALSE);
542 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
543 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
544 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
545 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
546 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, FALSE))
547 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, TRUE);
552 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
554 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
555 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
557 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
560 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
561 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
569 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
572 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
573 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
583 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
591 const char *packname = "";
592 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
594 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
597 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
598 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
602 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
603 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
606 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
610 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
614 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
616 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
617 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
619 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
620 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
621 packname, (int)len, name);
624 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
625 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
626 * and split that value on the last '::',
627 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
630 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
636 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
637 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
638 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
639 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
641 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
642 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
646 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
647 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
648 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
652 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
653 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
654 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
655 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
656 SvTAINTED_off(varsv);
660 /* The "gv" parameter should be the glob known to Perl code as *!
661 * The scalar must already have been magicalized.
664 S_require_errno(pTHX_ GV *gv)
667 HV* stash = gv_stashpvs("Errno", FALSE);
669 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH"))) {
673 save_scalar(gv); /* keep the value of $! */
674 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
675 newSVpvs("Errno"), NULL);
678 stash = gv_stashpvs("Errno", FALSE);
679 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH")))
680 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available");
685 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
687 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
688 be a valid UTF-8 string and must be null-terminated. If C<create> is set
689 then the package will be created if it does not already exist. If C<create>
690 is not set and the package does not exist then NULL is returned.
696 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
698 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
702 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
704 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
705 be a valid UTF-8 string. The C<namelen> parameter indicates the length of
706 the C<name>, in bytes. If C<create> is set then the package will be
707 created if it does not already exist. If C<create> is not set and the
708 package does not exist then NULL is returned.
714 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 create)
721 if (namelen + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
724 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 3, char);
725 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
726 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
727 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
728 tmpbuf[namelen] = '\0';
729 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, create, SVt_PVHV);
730 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
735 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
737 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
738 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
743 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
745 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, which must be a
746 valid UTF-8 string. See C<gv_stashpv>.
752 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 create)
755 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
756 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, create);
761 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
762 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
766 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
768 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
769 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
773 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
777 register const char *name = nambeg;
778 register GV *gv = NULL;
781 register const char *name_cursor;
783 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
784 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
786 flags & ~SVf_UTF8 & ~GV_NOADD_NOINIT & ~GV_NOEXPAND & ~GV_NOTQUAL;
787 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
788 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
790 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
791 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
796 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
797 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
801 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
802 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
803 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
804 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
808 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
811 len = name_cursor - name;
816 if (len + 3 < (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
819 Newx(tmpbuf, len+3, char);
820 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
824 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
825 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
826 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
827 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
828 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
832 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
834 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
837 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
838 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
840 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
841 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
844 if (*name_cursor == ':')
848 if (name == name_end)
849 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
852 len = name_cursor - name;
854 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
858 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
867 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
868 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
869 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
873 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
878 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
879 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
883 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
884 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
885 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
889 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
890 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
898 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
900 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
901 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
902 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
903 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
904 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
905 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
906 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
908 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
910 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
911 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
915 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
916 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
917 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
919 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
920 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
921 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
924 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
930 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
936 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
940 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
941 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
942 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
943 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
944 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
946 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
949 stash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
955 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
958 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
959 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
962 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
965 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
966 if (*name=='!' && sv_type == SVt_PVHV && len==1)
970 } else if (no_init) {
972 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
976 /* Adding a new symbol */
978 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
979 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
980 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
981 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
983 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
984 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
987 /* set up magic where warranted */
992 /* Nothing else to do.
993 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
994 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
995 the common case of lower case variable names. */
999 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1002 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1003 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1005 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1010 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1014 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1015 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1017 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1018 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1019 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1020 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1023 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1024 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1025 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1026 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, TRUE);
1027 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1028 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1029 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1030 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1031 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1032 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1037 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1038 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1040 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1044 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1048 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1049 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1050 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1054 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1055 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1056 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1058 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1060 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1061 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1066 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1069 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1070 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1073 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1074 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1077 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1078 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1081 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1082 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1085 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1086 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1088 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1090 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1093 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1094 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1107 /* ensures variable is only digits */
1108 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
1109 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
1110 const char *end = name + len;
1111 while (--end > name) {
1112 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1119 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1120 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1126 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1127 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1128 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1129 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1132 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1136 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1140 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1141 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1147 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm.
1148 The require will itself set errno, so in order to
1149 preserve its value we have to set up the magic
1150 now (rather than going to magicalize)
1153 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1155 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1161 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1162 sv_magic((SV*)av, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1168 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1169 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1170 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1173 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1176 case '\010': /* $^H */
1178 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1179 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1185 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1186 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)av, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1190 case '\023': /* $^S */
1201 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1216 case '\001': /* $^A */
1217 case '\003': /* $^C */
1218 case '\004': /* $^D */
1219 case '\005': /* $^E */
1220 case '\006': /* $^F */
1221 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1222 case '\016': /* $^N */
1223 case '\017': /* $^O */
1224 case '\020': /* $^P */
1225 case '\024': /* $^T */
1226 case '\027': /* $^W */
1228 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1231 case '\014': /* $^L */
1232 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1233 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1236 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1240 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1241 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1242 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
1243 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1244 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1248 case '\026': /* $^V */
1250 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1251 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1252 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1262 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1266 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1271 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1273 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1275 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1281 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1282 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1285 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1289 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1291 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1292 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1300 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV(0);
1302 sv_upgrade((SV *)io,SVt_PVIO);
1303 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1304 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1306 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1308 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1309 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1310 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1311 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1312 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1313 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1314 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1319 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1324 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1326 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1328 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1331 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1332 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1334 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1335 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1337 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1339 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1340 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1343 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1344 * module, don't bother warning */
1345 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1346 # define LIB_COMPONENT ":lib:"
1348 # define LIB_COMPONENT "/lib/"
1351 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1352 && (instr(file, LIB_COMPONENT) || instr(file, ".pm")))
1356 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1358 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1360 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1362 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1363 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1364 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1371 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1374 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1378 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1381 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1389 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1390 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1395 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1396 PL_sub_generation++;
1403 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1408 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1410 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1411 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1412 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1413 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1414 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1418 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1419 PL_sub_generation++;
1421 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1422 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1428 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1429 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1430 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1431 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1432 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1433 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1434 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1435 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1436 hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1438 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1440 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1441 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1442 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1449 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1451 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1452 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1454 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1456 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1457 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1459 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1460 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1467 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1470 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1473 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1477 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1478 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1479 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation) {
1480 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1482 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1485 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1488 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1489 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1490 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1494 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1497 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1499 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1500 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1501 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1505 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1506 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1508 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1511 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1512 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1514 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1516 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1517 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1518 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1519 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1520 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1521 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1522 const STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1524 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1525 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1526 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1527 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1528 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1529 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1530 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1531 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1532 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1533 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1534 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1535 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1536 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1538 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1540 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1541 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1542 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1543 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1544 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1546 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1548 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1549 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1550 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1551 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1552 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1555 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1556 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1557 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1558 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1559 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1563 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1565 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1566 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1567 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1569 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1571 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1575 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1578 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1580 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1581 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1582 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1586 /* Here we have no table: */
1588 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1589 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1590 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1596 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1602 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1604 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1608 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1611 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1612 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1613 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1615 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1616 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1617 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1618 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1619 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1620 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1621 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1622 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1635 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1640 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1641 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1642 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1643 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1644 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1645 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1650 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1651 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1652 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1653 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1654 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1656 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1657 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1663 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1664 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1666 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1669 /* look for substituted methods */
1670 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1674 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1675 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1676 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1681 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1682 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1683 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1687 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1690 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1693 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1696 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1697 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1698 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1704 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1707 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1708 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1710 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1711 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1713 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1714 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1715 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1721 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1722 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1723 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1725 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1726 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1727 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1729 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1730 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1731 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1734 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1745 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1747 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1752 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1754 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1762 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1767 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1768 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1769 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1770 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1771 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1772 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1774 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1777 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1778 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1779 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1780 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1781 /* We look for substitution for
1782 * comparison operations and
1784 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1785 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1786 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1796 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1803 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1805 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1810 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1818 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1821 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1822 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1823 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1824 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1827 if (off==-1) off=method;
1828 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1829 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1830 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1831 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1833 "in overloaded package ":
1834 "has no overloaded magic",
1836 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1839 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1842 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1844 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1846 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1847 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1849 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, (void*)msg);
1853 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1858 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1859 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1861 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1863 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1864 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1865 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1866 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1867 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1868 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1869 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1870 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1873 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1874 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1875 * version of copy operator
1877 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1878 * a) Assignment form was called.
1879 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1880 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1881 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1882 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1883 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1885 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1886 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1888 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1889 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1892 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1893 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1895 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1896 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1903 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1906 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1907 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1908 myop.op_next = NULL;
1909 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1911 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1914 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1915 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1916 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
1920 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
1921 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
1922 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
1923 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
1925 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
1930 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
1938 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
1945 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
1948 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
1951 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
1954 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
1957 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
1960 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
1963 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
1965 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
1970 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
1972 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
1974 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
1982 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
1984 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
1990 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
1993 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
1994 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
1998 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2000 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2002 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2003 created even in rvalue contexts.
2005 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2006 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2008 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2009 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2010 pointers returned by SvPV.
2015 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2017 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2018 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2021 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2024 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2028 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2032 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2035 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2036 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2038 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2039 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2042 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2043 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2046 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2047 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2049 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2052 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2053 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2066 const char *end = name + len;
2067 while (--end > name) {
2075 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2076 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2103 case '\001': /* $^A */
2104 case '\003': /* $^C */
2105 case '\004': /* $^D */
2106 case '\005': /* $^E */
2107 case '\006': /* $^F */
2108 case '\010': /* $^H */
2109 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2110 case '\014': /* $^L */
2111 case '\016': /* $^N */
2112 case '\017': /* $^O */
2113 case '\020': /* $^P */
2114 case '\023': /* $^S */
2115 case '\024': /* $^T */
2116 case '\026': /* $^V */
2117 case '\027': /* $^W */
2137 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2143 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2146 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2148 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2149 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2152 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2153 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2158 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2160 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2163 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: