3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
37 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
38 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
41 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
43 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
45 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
46 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
54 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
56 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
57 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
64 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
66 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
67 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
74 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
77 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
80 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
81 * this is a dirhandle.
83 const char *fh = PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
84 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
88 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
89 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
93 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
95 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
104 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
115 tmplen = strlen(name) + 2;
116 if (tmplen < sizeof smallbuf)
119 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen + 1, char);
120 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
123 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, tmplen - 1);
124 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
126 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
127 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
128 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, tmplen - 2);
130 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, tmplen - 2);
133 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
135 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
141 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
143 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
144 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
145 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
152 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
154 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
155 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
156 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
160 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
164 const bool doproto = SvTYPE(gv) > SVt_NULL;
165 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
166 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
168 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
171 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
172 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
178 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
179 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
185 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
192 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
195 GvGP(gv) = gp_ref(gp);
196 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
201 GvLINE(gv) = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
202 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
204 GvFILE(gv) = CopFILE(PL_curcop) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : (char *) "";
207 sv_magic((SV*)gv, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_glob, NULL, 0);
210 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
211 GvNAME(gv) = savepvn(name, len);
213 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
215 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
219 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
220 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
222 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
223 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
224 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
230 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
231 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
233 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
240 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
252 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
265 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
267 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
268 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
269 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
271 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
272 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
273 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
274 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
276 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
277 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
278 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
279 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
280 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
286 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
296 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
298 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
299 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE)))
303 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
306 "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
308 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
309 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
312 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
314 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
319 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
320 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
321 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
322 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
323 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
325 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
327 GvCV(topgv) = cv = NULL;
330 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
331 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
334 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", FALSE);
335 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) ? GvAV(gv) : NULL;
337 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
338 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
339 STRLEN packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
341 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
345 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, TRUE);
346 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(basestash, "ISA", FALSE);
347 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
348 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
349 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
350 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", hvname);
351 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
352 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
353 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
354 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc(av);
360 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
361 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
362 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
364 SV* const sv = *svp++;
365 HV* const basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, FALSE);
367 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
368 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
372 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
373 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
379 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
381 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
382 HV* const lastchance = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE);
385 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
386 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
390 * Cache method in topgv if:
391 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
392 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
395 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
397 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
399 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
401 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
402 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
406 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
407 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
408 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
417 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
419 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
420 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
422 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
423 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
424 of the result may be zero.
430 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
432 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
439 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
440 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
442 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
445 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
447 /* Have an autoload */
448 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
449 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
450 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
459 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
461 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
462 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
463 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
466 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
467 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
468 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
469 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
470 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
472 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
473 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
474 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
475 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
476 created via a side effect to do this.
478 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
479 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
480 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
481 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
487 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
490 register const char *nend;
491 const char *nsplit = NULL;
495 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
498 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
501 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
505 const char * const origname = name;
509 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
510 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
511 SV *tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
512 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
513 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
514 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), TRUE);
515 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
516 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
519 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
520 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, FALSE);
522 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
523 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
524 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
525 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
526 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, FALSE))
527 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, TRUE);
532 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
534 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
535 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
537 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
540 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
541 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
549 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
552 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
553 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
563 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
571 const char *packname = "";
574 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
577 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
578 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
582 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
583 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
586 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
590 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
594 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
596 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
597 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
599 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
600 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
601 packname, (int)len, name);
604 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
605 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
606 * and split that value on the last '::',
607 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
610 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
616 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
617 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
618 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
619 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
621 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
622 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
626 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
627 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
628 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
632 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
633 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
634 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
635 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
636 SvTAINTED_off(varsv);
640 /* The "gv" parameter should be the glob known to Perl code as *!
641 * The scalar must already have been magicalized.
644 S_require_errno(pTHX_ GV *gv)
647 HV* stash = gv_stashpvs("Errno", FALSE);
649 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH"))) {
653 save_scalar(gv); /* keep the value of $! */
654 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
655 newSVpvs("Errno"), NULL);
658 stash = gv_stashpvs("Errno", FALSE);
659 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH")))
660 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available");
665 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
667 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
668 be a valid UTF-8 string and must be null-terminated. If C<create> is set
669 then the package will be created if it does not already exist. If C<create>
670 is not set and the package does not exist then NULL is returned.
676 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
678 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
682 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
684 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
685 be a valid UTF-8 string. The C<namelen> parameter indicates the length of
686 the C<name>, in bytes. If C<create> is set then the package will be
687 created if it does not already exist. If C<create> is not set and the
688 package does not exist then NULL is returned.
694 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 create)
701 if (namelen + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
704 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 3, char);
705 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
706 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
707 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
708 tmpbuf[namelen] = '\0';
709 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, create, SVt_PVHV);
710 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
715 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
717 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
718 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
723 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
725 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, which must be a
726 valid UTF-8 string. See C<gv_stashpv>.
732 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 create)
735 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
736 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, create);
741 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
742 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
746 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
748 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
749 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
753 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
757 register const char *name = nambeg;
758 register GV *gv = NULL;
761 register const char *name_cursor;
763 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
764 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
766 flags & ~SVf_UTF8 & ~GV_NOADD_NOINIT & ~GV_NOEXPAND & ~GV_NOTQUAL;
767 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
768 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
770 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
771 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
776 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
777 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
781 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
782 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
783 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
784 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
788 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
791 len = name_cursor - name;
796 if (len + 3 < sizeof (smallbuf))
799 Newx(tmpbuf, len+3, char);
800 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
804 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
805 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
806 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
807 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
808 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
812 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
814 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
817 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
818 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
820 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
821 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
824 if (*name_cursor == ':')
828 if (name == name_end)
829 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
832 len = name_cursor - name;
834 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
838 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
847 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
848 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
849 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
853 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
858 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
859 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
863 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
864 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
865 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
869 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
870 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
878 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
880 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
881 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
882 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
883 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
884 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
885 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
886 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
888 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
890 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
891 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
895 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
896 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
897 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
899 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
900 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
901 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
904 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
910 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
916 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
920 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
921 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
922 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
923 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
924 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
926 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
929 stash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
935 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
938 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
939 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
942 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
945 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
946 if (*name=='!' && sv_type == SVt_PVHV && len==1)
950 } else if (no_init) {
952 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
956 /* Adding a new symbol */
958 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
959 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
960 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
961 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
963 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
964 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
967 /* set up magic where warranted */
972 /* Nothing else to do.
973 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
974 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
975 the common case of lower case variable names. */
979 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
982 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
983 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
987 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
991 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
992 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
994 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
995 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
996 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
997 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1000 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1001 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1002 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1003 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, TRUE);
1004 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1005 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1006 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1007 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1008 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1009 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1014 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1015 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1017 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1021 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1025 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1026 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1027 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1031 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1032 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1033 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1035 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1037 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1038 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1043 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1046 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1047 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1050 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1051 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1054 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1055 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1058 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1059 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1062 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1063 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1065 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1068 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1069 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1082 /* ensures variable is only digits */
1083 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
1084 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
1085 const char *end = name + len;
1086 while (--end > name) {
1087 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1094 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1095 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1101 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1102 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1103 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1104 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1107 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1111 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1115 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1116 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1122 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm.
1123 The require will itself set errno, so in order to
1124 preserve its value we have to set up the magic
1125 now (rather than going to magicalize)
1128 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1130 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1136 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1137 sv_magic((SV*)av, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1143 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1144 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1145 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1148 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1153 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1154 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)av, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1158 case '\023': /* $^S */
1169 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1184 case '\001': /* $^A */
1185 case '\003': /* $^C */
1186 case '\004': /* $^D */
1187 case '\005': /* $^E */
1188 case '\006': /* $^F */
1189 case '\010': /* $^H */
1190 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1191 case '\016': /* $^N */
1192 case '\017': /* $^O */
1193 case '\020': /* $^P */
1194 case '\024': /* $^T */
1195 case '\027': /* $^W */
1197 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1200 case '\014': /* $^L */
1201 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1202 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1205 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1209 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1210 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1211 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
1212 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1213 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1217 case '\026': /* $^V */
1219 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1220 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1221 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1231 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1235 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1240 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1242 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1244 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1250 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1251 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1254 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1258 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1260 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1261 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1269 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV(0);
1271 sv_upgrade((SV *)io,SVt_PVIO);
1272 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1273 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1275 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1277 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1278 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1279 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1280 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1281 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1282 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1283 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1288 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1293 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1295 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1297 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1300 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1301 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1303 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1304 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1306 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1308 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1309 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1312 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1313 * module, don't bother warning */
1314 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1315 # define LIB_COMPONENT ":lib:"
1317 # define LIB_COMPONENT "/lib/"
1320 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1321 && (instr(file, LIB_COMPONENT) || instr(file, ".pm")))
1325 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1327 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1329 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1331 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1332 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1333 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1340 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1343 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1347 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1350 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1358 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1359 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1364 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1365 PL_sub_generation++;
1372 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1377 if (!gv || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1379 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1380 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1381 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1382 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1383 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1387 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1388 PL_sub_generation++;
1390 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1391 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1396 if (gp->gp_sv) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1397 if (gp->gp_av) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1398 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1399 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1400 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1401 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1402 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1403 hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1405 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1407 if (gp->gp_io) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1408 if (gp->gp_cv) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1409 if (gp->gp_form) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1416 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1418 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1419 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1421 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1423 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1424 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1426 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1427 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1434 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1437 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1440 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1441 AMT * const amtp = (mg) ? (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr: (AMT *) NULL;
1444 if (mg && amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1445 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation)
1446 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1447 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1449 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1452 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1453 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1454 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1458 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1461 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1463 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1464 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1465 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1469 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1470 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1472 /*EMPTY*/; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1475 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1476 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1478 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1480 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1481 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1482 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1483 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1484 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1485 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1486 const STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1488 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1489 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1490 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1491 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1492 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1493 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1494 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1495 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1496 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1497 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1498 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1499 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1500 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1502 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1504 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1505 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1506 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1507 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1508 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1510 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1512 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1513 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1514 GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1515 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1516 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1519 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1520 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1521 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1522 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1523 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1527 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1529 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1530 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1531 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1533 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1535 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1539 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(cv);
1542 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1544 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1545 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1546 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1550 /* Here we have no table: */
1552 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1553 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1554 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1560 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1566 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1568 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1572 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1574 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1575 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1576 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1578 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1579 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1580 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1581 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1582 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1583 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1584 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1585 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1598 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1603 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1604 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1605 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1606 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1607 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1608 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1613 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1614 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1615 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1616 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1617 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1619 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1620 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1626 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1627 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1629 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1632 /* look for substituted methods */
1633 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1637 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1638 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1639 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1644 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1645 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1646 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1650 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1653 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1656 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1659 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1660 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1661 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1667 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1670 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1671 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1673 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1674 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1676 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1677 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1678 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1684 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1685 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1686 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1688 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1689 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1690 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1692 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1693 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1694 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1697 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1708 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1710 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1715 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1717 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1725 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1730 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1731 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1732 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1733 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1734 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1735 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1737 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1740 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1741 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1742 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1743 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1744 /* We look for substitution for
1745 * comparison operations and
1747 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1748 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1749 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1759 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1766 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1768 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1773 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1781 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1784 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1785 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1786 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1787 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1790 if (off==-1) off=method;
1791 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1792 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1793 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1794 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1796 "in overloaded package ":
1797 "has no overloaded magic",
1799 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1802 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1805 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1807 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1809 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1810 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1812 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, msg);
1816 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1821 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1822 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1824 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1826 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1827 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1828 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1829 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1830 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1831 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1832 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1833 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1836 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1837 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1838 * version of copy operator
1840 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1841 * a) Assignment form was called.
1842 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1843 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1844 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1845 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1846 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1848 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1849 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1851 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1852 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1855 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1856 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1858 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1859 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1866 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1869 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1870 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1871 myop.op_next = Nullop;
1872 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1874 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1877 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1878 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1879 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
1883 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
1884 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
1885 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
1886 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
1888 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
1893 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
1901 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
1908 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
1911 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
1914 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
1917 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
1920 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
1923 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
1926 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
1928 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
1933 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
1935 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
1937 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
1945 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
1947 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
1953 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
1956 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
1957 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
1961 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
1963 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
1965 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
1966 created even in rvalue contexts.
1968 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
1969 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
1971 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
1972 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
1973 pointers returned by SvPV.
1978 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1980 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
1983 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
1986 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
1990 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
1994 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
1997 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
1998 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2000 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2001 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2004 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2005 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2008 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2009 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2011 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2014 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2015 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2028 const char *end = name + len;
2029 while (--end > name) {
2037 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2038 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2065 case '\001': /* $^A */
2066 case '\003': /* $^C */
2067 case '\004': /* $^D */
2068 case '\005': /* $^E */
2069 case '\006': /* $^F */
2070 case '\010': /* $^H */
2071 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2072 case '\014': /* $^L */
2073 case '\016': /* $^N */
2074 case '\017': /* $^O */
2075 case '\020': /* $^P */
2076 case '\023': /* $^S */
2077 case '\024': /* $^T */
2078 case '\026': /* $^V */
2079 case '\027': /* $^W */
2100 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2102 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2105 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: