3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days in answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
19 * [p.599 of _The Lord of the Rings_, III/xi: "The PalantÃr"]
25 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
26 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
27 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
29 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
30 Perl stores its global variables.
40 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
41 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
44 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
46 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
48 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_SVADD;
50 if (!gv || SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
51 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
59 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
61 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AVADD;
63 if (!gv || SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
64 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
71 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
73 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_HVADD;
75 if (!gv || SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
76 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
83 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
87 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_IOADD;
89 if (!gv || SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
92 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
93 * this is a dirhandle.
95 const char * const fh =
96 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
97 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
98 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
99 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
100 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
101 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
102 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
112 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
114 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE;
115 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
119 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
125 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
128 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE_FLAGS;
129 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
134 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
137 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
138 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
141 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
142 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
144 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
145 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
146 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
148 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
150 if (PERLDB_LINE || PERLDB_SAVESRC)
151 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
153 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
159 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
161 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
162 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
163 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
170 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
172 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CONST_SV;
174 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
175 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
176 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
180 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
185 const char *const file
186 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
187 const STRLEN len = strlen(file);
189 SV *const temp_sv = CopFILESV(PL_curcop);
193 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGP;
196 file = SvPVX(temp_sv);
197 len = SvCUR(temp_sv);
204 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
208 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
209 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
212 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
213 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
215 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
223 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
226 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
227 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
228 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX(gv) : NULL;
229 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
230 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
231 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
233 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT;
234 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
237 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
238 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
244 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
245 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
253 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
254 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
256 sv_upgrade(MUTABLE_SV(gv), SVt_PVGV);
264 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
269 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
272 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(stash), MUTABLE_SV(gv));
273 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
274 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
276 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
279 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
280 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
281 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
282 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
283 from a reference to CV. */
284 if (exported_constant)
285 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
287 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
288 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
292 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* sub Foo::bar($) { (shift) } sub ASDF::baz($); *ASDF::baz = \&Foo::bar */
294 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
295 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
297 sv_usepvn_flags(MUTABLE_SV(GvCV(gv)), proto, protolen,
298 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
304 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, const svtype sv_type)
306 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SV;
318 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
326 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
327 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
335 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
337 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
338 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
339 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
341 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
342 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
343 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
344 up caching info for this glob.
346 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
347 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
348 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
349 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
350 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
355 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
358 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
366 GV* candidate = NULL;
371 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
376 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH;
378 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
380 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
381 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
387 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
389 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
394 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
396 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
398 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
399 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, create);
403 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
404 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
405 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
406 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
407 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
411 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
412 SvREFCNT_dec(cand_cv);
413 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv = NULL;
417 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
418 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
423 packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
424 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
427 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, GV_ADD);
428 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(basestash);
431 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
434 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
435 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
437 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
439 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
442 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
443 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
444 SVfARG(linear_sv), hvname);
450 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, len, 0);
454 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV) gv_init(candidate, cstash, name, len, TRUE);
455 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
457 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
458 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
459 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
461 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
462 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
463 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
464 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
465 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
471 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
472 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
473 candidate = gv_fetchmeth(NULL, name, len, 1);
475 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
476 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
477 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
478 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
479 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
480 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
486 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
487 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
488 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
495 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
497 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
498 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
500 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
501 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
502 of the result may be zero.
508 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
510 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
512 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_AUTOLOAD;
519 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
520 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
522 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
525 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
527 /* Have an autoload */
528 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
529 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
530 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
539 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
541 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
542 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
543 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
546 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
547 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
548 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
549 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
550 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
552 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
553 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
554 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
555 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
556 created via a side effect to do this.
558 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
559 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
560 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
561 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
567 S_gv_get_super_pkg(pTHX_ const char* name, I32 namelen)
574 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_GET_SUPER_PKG;
576 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, 0);
577 if(stash) return stash;
579 /* If we must create it, give it an @ISA array containing
580 the real package this SUPER is for, so that it's tied
581 into the cache invalidation code correctly */
582 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, GV_ADD);
583 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
585 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
586 superisa = GvAVn(gv);
588 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(superisa), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
590 av_push(superisa, newSVpv(CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop), 0));
592 av_push(superisa, newSVhek(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)
593 ? HvNAME_HEK(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)) : NULL));
600 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
602 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_AUTOLOAD;
604 return gv_fetchmethod_flags(stash, name, autoload ? GV_AUTOLOAD : 0);
607 /* Don't merge this yet, as it's likely to get a len parameter, and possibly
610 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
613 register const char *nend;
614 const char *nsplit = NULL;
617 const char * const origname = name;
618 SV *const error_report = MUTABLE_SV(stash);
619 const U32 autoload = flags & GV_AUTOLOAD;
620 const U32 do_croak = flags & GV_CROAK;
622 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_FLAGS;
624 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
627 /* The only way stash can become NULL later on is if nsplit is set,
628 which in turn means that there is no need for a SVt_PVHV case
629 the error reporting code. */
632 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
637 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':') {
643 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && memEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
644 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
645 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
646 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
647 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
648 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr));
649 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
650 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
653 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
654 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, 0);
656 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
657 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
658 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
659 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
660 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, 0))
661 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(origname, nsplit - origname);
666 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
668 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
669 gv = MUTABLE_GV(&PL_sv_yes);
671 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
672 if (!gv && do_croak) {
673 /* Right now this is exclusively for the benefit of S_method_common
677 "Can't locate object method \"%s\" via package \"%.*s\"",
678 name, (int)HvNAMELEN_get(stash), HvNAME_get(stash));
682 const char *packname;
685 packlen = nsplit - origname;
688 packname = SvPV_const(error_report, packlen);
692 "Can't locate object method \"%s\" via package \"%.*s\""
693 " (perhaps you forgot to load \"%.*s\"?)",
694 name, (int)packlen, packname, (int)packlen, packname);
699 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
700 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
708 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
711 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
712 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
722 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
730 const char *packname = "";
731 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
733 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD4;
735 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
738 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
739 packname = SvPV_const(MUTABLE_SV(stash), packname_len);
743 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
744 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
747 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
751 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
755 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
757 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
758 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
760 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
761 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
762 packname, (int)len, name);
765 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
766 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
767 * and split that value on the last '::',
768 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
771 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
777 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
778 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
779 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
780 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
782 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
783 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
787 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
788 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
789 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
793 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
794 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
795 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
796 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
801 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
802 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
804 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
805 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
806 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
807 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
808 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
809 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
810 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
811 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
814 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
817 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
819 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REQUIRE_TIE_MOD;
821 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
822 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
823 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
824 so save it. For the moment it's always
830 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
831 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
835 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
837 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" is not available",
838 varname, SVfARG(namesv));
839 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
840 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
841 varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
843 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
848 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
850 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
851 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
857 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
859 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPV;
860 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
864 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
866 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
867 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
868 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
869 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
870 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
878 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
885 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN;
887 if (namelen + 2 <= sizeof smallbuf)
890 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 2, char);
891 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
892 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
893 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
894 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
895 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
900 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
902 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
903 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
908 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
910 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
916 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
919 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
921 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSV;
923 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags);
928 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, const svtype sv_type) {
929 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPV;
930 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
934 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, const svtype sv_type) {
936 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
937 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHSV;
938 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
942 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
943 const svtype sv_type)
946 register const char *name = nambeg;
947 register GV *gv = NULL;
950 register const char *name_cursor;
952 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
953 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
954 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
955 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
956 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
959 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPVN_FLAGS;
961 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
962 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
967 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
968 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
972 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
973 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
974 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
975 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
979 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
982 len = name_cursor - name;
987 if (len + 2 <= (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
990 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
991 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
994 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
995 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
996 if (gv && gv != (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
997 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
998 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
1002 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
1004 if (!gv || gv == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef)
1007 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
1008 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
1010 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
1011 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
1014 if (*name_cursor == ':')
1018 if (name == name_end)
1020 ? gv : MUTABLE_GV(*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE));
1023 len = name_cursor - name;
1025 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
1029 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
1030 bool global = FALSE;
1038 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
1039 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
1040 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
1044 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1049 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
1050 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
1054 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
1055 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
1056 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
1060 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1061 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
1068 stash = PL_defstash;
1069 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
1070 stash = PL_curstash;
1071 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
1072 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
1073 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
1074 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
1075 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
1076 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
1077 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
1079 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
1081 *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef ||
1082 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1086 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1087 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1088 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1090 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
1091 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1092 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1095 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
1101 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1104 stash = PL_defstash;
1107 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
1111 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
1112 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
1113 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1114 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1115 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1118 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
1121 gv = gv_fetchpvs("<none>::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1123 /* symbol table under destruction */
1132 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1135 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
1136 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef)
1139 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1142 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1143 if (len == 1 && (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)) {
1145 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1146 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1147 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1151 } else if (no_init) {
1153 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1157 /* Adding a new symbol.
1158 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
1159 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
1161 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
1162 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
1164 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
1166 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1167 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1168 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1169 gv_init_sv(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
1171 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1172 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1175 /* set up magic where warranted */
1180 /* Nothing else to do.
1181 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1182 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1183 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1187 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1190 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1191 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1193 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1198 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1202 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1203 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1205 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa,
1207 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1208 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1209 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1211 av_push(av, newSVpvs("NDBM_File"));
1212 gv_stashpvs("NDBM_File", GV_ADD);
1213 av_push(av, newSVpvs("DB_File"));
1214 gv_stashpvs("DB_File", GV_ADD);
1215 av_push(av, newSVpvs("GDBM_File"));
1216 gv_stashpvs("GDBM_File", GV_ADD);
1217 av_push(av, newSVpvs("SDBM_File"));
1218 gv_stashpvs("SDBM_File", GV_ADD);
1219 av_push(av, newSVpvs("ODBM_File"));
1220 gv_stashpvs("ODBM_File", GV_ADD);
1225 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1226 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1228 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1232 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1235 if (!PL_psig_name) {
1236 Newxz(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1237 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1238 PL_psig_ptr = PL_psig_name + SIG_SIZE;
1240 /* I think that the only way to get here is to re-use an
1241 embedded perl interpreter, where the previous
1242 use didn't clean up fully because
1243 PL_perl_destruct_level was 0. I'm not sure that we
1244 "support" that, in that I suspect in that scenario
1245 there are sufficient other garbage values left in the
1246 interpreter structure that something else will crash
1247 before we get here. I suspect that this is one of
1248 those "doctor, it hurts when I do this" bugs. */
1249 Zero(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1250 Zero(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1254 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1255 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1256 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1258 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1263 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1266 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1267 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1270 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1271 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1274 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1275 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1277 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1278 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1281 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1282 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1284 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1285 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1288 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1289 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1291 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1293 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1296 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1297 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1310 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1312 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1313 const char *end = name + len;
1314 while (--end > name) {
1315 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1322 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1323 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1329 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1330 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1331 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1332 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1335 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1339 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1343 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1344 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1350 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1352 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1354 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1355 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1356 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1361 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1363 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1364 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? MUTABLE_SV(av) : NULL;
1366 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1367 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1369 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1372 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1373 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1379 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2_d(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1380 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1381 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1384 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1387 case '\010': /* $^H */
1389 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1390 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1393 case '\023': /* $^S */
1395 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1419 case '\001': /* $^A */
1420 case '\003': /* $^C */
1421 case '\004': /* $^D */
1422 case '\005': /* $^E */
1423 case '\006': /* $^F */
1424 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1425 case '\016': /* $^N */
1426 case '\017': /* $^O */
1427 case '\020': /* $^P */
1428 case '\024': /* $^T */
1429 case '\027': /* $^W */
1431 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1434 case '\014': /* $^L */
1435 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\f");
1436 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1439 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\034");
1443 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1444 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1445 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
1446 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1447 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1451 case '\026': /* $^V */
1453 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1454 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1455 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1465 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1469 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1471 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FULLNAME4;
1477 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1479 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1481 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1487 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1488 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1491 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1495 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1497 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1499 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_EFULLNAME4;
1501 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1509 IO * const io = MUTABLE_IO(newSV_type(SVt_PVIO));
1510 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1511 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1513 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1515 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1516 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1517 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1518 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1519 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1520 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1521 SvSTASH_set(io, MUTABLE_HV(SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv))));
1526 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1531 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CHECK;
1533 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1535 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1537 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1540 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1541 (gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry))) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1543 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1544 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1546 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1548 gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry));
1549 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1552 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1554 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1556 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
1557 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
1559 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1560 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1561 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1568 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1572 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVGEN;
1574 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1578 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1581 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1589 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
1590 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
1591 don't infect them with our cached entry */
1592 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1601 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1606 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1608 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1609 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1610 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1611 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1612 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1615 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1616 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1622 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1623 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1624 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1625 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1626 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1627 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1628 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1629 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1630 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1631 (void)hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1633 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1635 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1636 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1637 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1644 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1646 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1647 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1649 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAGIC_FREEOVRLD;
1651 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1653 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1654 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1656 SvREFCNT_dec(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
1657 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1664 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1667 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1670 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1672 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1675 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AMUPDATE;
1677 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1679 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1680 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1681 && amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
1682 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1684 sv_unmagic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1687 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1690 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1691 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
1692 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1696 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1699 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1701 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1702 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1703 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1707 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1708 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1710 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1713 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1714 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1716 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1718 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1719 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1720 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1721 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1722 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1723 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1724 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
1726 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1727 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1728 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1729 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1730 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1731 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1732 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1733 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1734 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1735 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1736 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1737 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1738 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1740 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1742 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1743 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1744 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1745 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1746 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1748 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1750 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1751 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1752 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1753 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1754 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1757 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1758 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1759 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1760 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1761 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1765 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1767 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1768 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1769 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1771 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1773 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1774 cv = MUTABLE_CV(gv);
1777 amt.table[i]=MUTABLE_CV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv));
1780 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1782 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1783 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1784 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1788 /* Here we have no table: */
1790 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1791 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1792 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1798 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1804 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
1806 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1809 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1810 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1812 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1816 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1819 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1820 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1821 || amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
1823 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1824 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1825 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1826 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1827 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1828 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1829 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1830 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1843 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1848 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1849 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1850 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1851 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1852 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1853 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1859 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_CALL;
1861 if ( PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC ) {
1862 SV *lex_mask = Perl_refcounted_he_fetch(aTHX_ PL_curcop->cop_hints_hash,
1863 0, "overloading", 11, 0, 0);
1865 if ( !lex_mask || !SvOK(lex_mask) )
1866 /* overloading lexically disabled */
1868 else if ( lex_mask && SvPOK(lex_mask) ) {
1869 /* we have an entry in the hints hash, check if method has been
1870 * masked by overloading.pm */
1872 const int offset = method / 8;
1873 const int bit = method % 8;
1874 char *pv = SvPV(lex_mask, len);
1876 /* Bit set, so this overloading operator is disabled */
1877 if ( (STRLEN)offset < len && pv[offset] & ( 1 << bit ) )
1882 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1883 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1884 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1885 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1886 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1888 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1889 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1895 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1896 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1898 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1901 /* look for substituted methods */
1902 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1906 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1907 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1908 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1913 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1914 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1915 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1919 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1922 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1925 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1928 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1929 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1930 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1936 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1939 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1940 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1942 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1943 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1945 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1946 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1947 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1948 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1949 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1950 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1952 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1953 SvSTASH_set(newref, MUTABLE_HV(SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef))));
1959 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1960 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1961 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1963 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1964 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1965 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1967 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1968 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1969 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1972 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1983 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1985 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1990 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1991 case ftest_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1993 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2001 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2006 if (!cv) goto not_found;
2007 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
2008 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
2009 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
2010 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
2011 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
2013 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
2016 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
2017 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
2018 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
2019 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
2020 /* We look for substitution for
2021 * comparison operations and
2023 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
2024 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
2025 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
2035 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
2042 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
2044 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
2049 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
2070 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2073 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
2074 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
2075 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
2076 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
2077 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
2078 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
2082 if (off==-1) off=method;
2083 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
2084 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
2085 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2086 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
2088 "in overloaded package ":
2089 "has no overloaded magic",
2091 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
2094 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
2097 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
2099 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
2101 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
2102 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
2104 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
2108 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
2113 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
2114 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
2116 method+assignshift==off? "" :
2118 method+assignshift==off? "" :
2119 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
2120 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
2121 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
2122 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
2123 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
2124 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
2125 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
2128 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
2129 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
2130 * version of copy operator
2132 /* We need to copy in following cases:
2133 * a) Assignment form was called.
2134 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
2135 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
2136 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
2137 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
2138 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
2140 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
2141 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
2143 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
2144 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
2147 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
2148 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
2150 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
2151 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
2158 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2161 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
2162 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
2163 myop.op_next = NULL;
2164 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
2166 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
2169 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
2170 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
2171 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2175 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
2176 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
2177 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
2178 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
2180 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2181 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift), SVs_TEMP));
2183 PUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
2186 if ((PL_op = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB](aTHX)))
2194 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2201 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2204 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2207 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2210 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2213 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2216 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2219 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2221 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2226 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2228 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2230 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2238 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2240 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2242 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2243 created even in rvalue contexts.
2245 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2246 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2248 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2249 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2250 pointers returned by SvPV.
2256 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *const name_sv, U32 flags)
2259 const char *const name = SvPV_const(name_sv, len);
2261 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2262 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IS_GV_MAGICAL_SV;
2265 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2268 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2272 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2276 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2279 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2280 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2282 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2283 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2286 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2287 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2290 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2291 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2293 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2296 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2297 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2310 const char *end = name + len;
2311 while (--end > name) {
2319 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2320 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2346 case '\001': /* $^A */
2347 case '\003': /* $^C */
2348 case '\004': /* $^D */
2349 case '\005': /* $^E */
2350 case '\006': /* $^F */
2351 case '\010': /* $^H */
2352 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2353 case '\014': /* $^L */
2354 case '\016': /* $^N */
2355 case '\017': /* $^O */
2356 case '\020': /* $^P */
2357 case '\023': /* $^S */
2358 case '\024': /* $^T */
2359 case '\026': /* $^V */
2360 case '\027': /* $^W */
2380 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2385 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_NAME_SET;
2386 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2389 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2391 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2392 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2395 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2396 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2401 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2403 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2406 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: