3 * Copyright (c) 1991-2001, Larry Wall
5 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
6 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
11 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
12 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
13 * you. What more do you want to know?'
14 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
15 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
24 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
26 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
27 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
34 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
36 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
37 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
44 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
46 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
47 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle");
49 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
51 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
60 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
70 tmplen = strlen(name) + 2;
71 if (tmplen < sizeof smallbuf)
74 New(603, tmpbuf, tmplen + 1, char);
77 strcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name);
78 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
80 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
81 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv), name);
83 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
85 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
91 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
94 bool doproto = SvTYPE(gv) > SVt_NULL;
95 char *proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX(gv) : NULL;
97 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
106 Newz(602, gp, 1, GP);
107 GvGP(gv) = gp_ref(gp);
108 GvSV(gv) = NEWSV(72,0);
109 GvLINE(gv) = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
110 GvFILE(gv) = CopFILE(PL_curcop) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
113 sv_magic((SV*)gv, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_glob, Nullch, 0);
114 GvSTASH(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(stash);
115 GvNAME(gv) = savepvn(name, len);
117 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
119 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
122 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
123 start_subparse(0,0); /* Create CV in compcv. */
124 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
129 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
130 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
131 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
132 CvOWNER(GvCV(gv)) = 0;
133 if (!CvMUTEXP(GvCV(gv))) {
134 New(666, CvMUTEXP(GvCV(gv)), 1, perl_mutex);
135 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(GvCV(gv)));
137 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
139 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
146 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
162 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
164 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
165 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
166 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
168 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
169 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
170 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
171 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
173 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
174 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
175 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
176 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
177 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
183 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
191 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
193 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
194 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvn("UNIVERSAL", 9, FALSE)))
198 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
199 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
200 name, HvNAME(stash));
202 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,HvNAME(stash)) );
204 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
209 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
210 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
211 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
212 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
213 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
215 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
217 GvCV(topgv) = cv = Nullcv;
220 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
221 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
224 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, "ISA", 3, FALSE);
225 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) ? GvAV(gv) : Nullav;
227 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
228 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
229 char* packname = HvNAME(stash);
230 STRLEN packlen = strlen(packname);
232 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(packname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
236 basestash = gv_stashpvn(packname, packlen, TRUE);
237 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(basestash, "ISA", 3, FALSE);
238 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
239 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
240 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
241 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", HvNAME(stash));
242 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
243 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
244 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
245 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc(av);
251 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
252 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
253 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
256 HV* basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, FALSE);
258 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
259 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_MISC, "Can't locate package %s for @%s::ISA",
260 SvPVX(sv), HvNAME(stash));
263 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
264 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
270 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
272 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
275 if ((lastchance = gv_stashpvn("UNIVERSAL", 9, FALSE))) {
276 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
277 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
281 * Cache method in topgv if:
282 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
283 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
286 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
288 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
290 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
292 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
293 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
297 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
298 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
299 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
308 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod
310 See L<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>.
316 Perl_gv_fetchmethod(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name)
318 return gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, name, TRUE);
322 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
324 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
325 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
326 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
329 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
330 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
331 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
332 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
333 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
335 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
336 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
337 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
338 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
339 created via a side effect to do this.
341 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
342 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
343 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
344 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
350 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
352 register const char *nend;
353 const char *nsplit = 0;
356 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
359 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
363 const char *origname = name;
367 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
368 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
369 SV *tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
370 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
371 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
372 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), TRUE);
373 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
374 origname, HvNAME(stash), name) );
377 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
378 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, FALSE);
381 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
383 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
384 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
386 gv = gv_autoload4(stash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
390 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
398 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
401 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
402 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
412 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
414 char autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
415 STRLEN autolen = sizeof(autoload)-1;
423 return Nullgv; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
424 if (len == autolen && strnEQ(name, autoload, autolen))
426 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, autoload, autolen, FALSE)))
430 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
434 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
436 if (ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED) && !method &&
437 (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash))
438 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_DEPRECATED,
439 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
440 HvNAME(stash), (int)len, name);
442 #ifndef USE_5005THREADS
444 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
445 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
446 * and split that value on the last '::',
447 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
450 SvPVX(cv) = (char *)name; /* cast to lose constness warning */
457 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
458 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
459 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
460 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
462 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
463 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, autoload, autolen, TRUE);
466 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
467 sv_lock((SV *)varstash);
470 gv_init(vargv, varstash, autoload, autolen, FALSE);
473 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
476 sv_setpv(varsv, HvNAME(stash));
477 sv_catpvn(varsv, "::", 2);
478 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
479 SvTAINTED_off(varsv);
483 /* The "gv" parameter should be the glob known to Perl code as *!
484 * The scalar must already have been magicalized.
487 S_require_errno(pTHX_ GV *gv)
489 HV* stash = gv_stashpvn("Errno",5,FALSE);
491 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH"))) {
495 save_scalar(gv); /* keep the value of $! */
496 require_pv("Errno.pm");
499 stash = gv_stashpvn("Errno",5,FALSE);
500 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH")))
501 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available");
506 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
508 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
509 be a valid UTF-8 string. If C<create> is set then the package will be
510 created if it does not already exist. If C<create> is not set and the
511 package does not exist then NULL is returned.
517 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
519 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
523 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 create)
530 if (namelen + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
533 New(606, tmpbuf, namelen + 3, char);
534 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
535 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
536 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
537 tmpbuf[namelen] = '\0';
538 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv(tmpbuf, create, SVt_PVHV);
539 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
544 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
547 HvNAME(stash) = savepv(name);
552 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
554 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, which must be a
555 valid UTF-8 string. See C<gv_stashpv>.
561 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 create)
566 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, create);
571 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type)
573 register const char *name = nambeg;
577 register const char *namend;
580 if (*name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
583 for (namend = name; *namend; namend++) {
584 if ((*namend == ':' && namend[1] == ':')
585 || (*namend == '\'' && namend[1]))
589 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
597 if (len + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
600 New(601, tmpbuf, len+3, char);
601 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
605 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
606 gv = gvp ? *gvp : Nullgv;
607 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
608 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
609 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
613 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
615 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
618 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
619 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
622 HvNAME(stash) = savepvn(nambeg, namend - nambeg);
630 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetch(PL_defstash, "main::", 6, TRUE);
637 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
640 if (isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
643 if (isUPPER(*name)) {
644 if (*name == 'S' && (
645 strEQ(name, "SIG") ||
646 strEQ(name, "STDIN") ||
647 strEQ(name, "STDOUT") ||
648 strEQ(name, "STDERR")))
650 else if (*name == 'I' && strEQ(name, "INC"))
652 else if (*name == 'E' && strEQ(name, "ENV"))
654 else if (*name == 'A' && (
655 strEQ(name, "ARGV") ||
656 strEQ(name, "ARGVOUT")))
659 else if (*name == '_' && (!name[1] || strEQ(name,"__ANON__")))
664 else if ((COP*)PL_curcop == &PL_compiling) {
666 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
667 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
668 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
669 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
670 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
671 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV && strchr("ab",*name)) )
673 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
675 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
676 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
680 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
681 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
682 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
684 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
685 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
686 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
689 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
695 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
701 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
705 qerror(Perl_mess(aTHX_
706 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
707 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
708 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
709 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
711 stash = PL_nullstash;
717 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
720 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
721 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
724 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
727 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
728 if (*name=='!' && sv_type == SVt_PVHV && len==1)
732 } else if (add & GV_NOINIT) {
736 /* Adding a new symbol */
738 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
739 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INTERNAL, "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
740 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
741 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
743 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
744 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
747 /* set up magic where warranted */
750 if (strEQ(name, "ARGV")) {
751 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
755 if (strnEQ(name, "EXPORT", 6))
759 if (strEQ(name, "ISA")) {
762 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, Nullch, 0);
763 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
764 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
765 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
768 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
769 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
770 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
771 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, TRUE);
772 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
773 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
774 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
775 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
776 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
777 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
782 if (strEQ(name, "OVERLOAD")) {
785 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
789 if (strEQ(name, "SIG")) {
793 Newz(73, PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
794 Newz(73, PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
795 Newz(73, PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
799 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
800 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
802 init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
804 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
812 if (strEQ(name, "VERSION"))
821 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
822 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
823 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
824 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
827 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
833 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv),PL_chopset);
839 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
840 (void)SvUPGRADE(GvSV(gv), SVt_PVLV);
848 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm.
849 The require will itself set errno, so in order to
850 preserve its value we have to set up the magic
851 now (rather than going to magicalize)
854 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
856 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
865 sv_magic((SV*)av, Nullsv, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, Nullch, 0);
871 if (ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED) && len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV)
872 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_DEPRECATED, "Use of $%s is deprecated", name);
887 case '\001': /* $^A */
888 case '\003': /* $^C */
889 case '\004': /* $^D */
890 case '\006': /* $^F */
891 case '\010': /* $^H */
892 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
893 case '\016': /* $^N */
894 case '\020': /* $^P */
901 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
903 case '\005': /* $^E && $^ENCODING */
904 if (len > 1 && strNE(name, "\005NCODING"))
908 case '\017': /* $^O & $^OPEN */
909 if (len > 1 && strNE(name, "\017PEN"))
912 case '\023': /* $^S */
916 case '\024': /* $^T, ${^TAINT} */
919 else if (strEQ(name, "\024AINT"))
923 case '\027': /* $^W & $^WARNING_BITS */
924 if (len > 1 && strNE(name, "\027ARNING_BITS")
925 && strNE(name, "\027IDE_SYSTEM_CALLS"))
934 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)av, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, Nullch, 0);
947 /* ensures variable is only digits */
948 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
949 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
952 const char *end = name + len;
953 while (--end > name) {
954 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
959 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
961 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
964 case '\014': /* $^L */
967 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv),"\f");
968 PL_formfeed = GvSV(gv);
973 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv),"\034");
978 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PVNV);
979 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv,
980 #if defined(PERL_SUBVERSION) && (PERL_SUBVERSION > 0)
986 SvNVX(PL_patchlevel));
987 SvNVX(sv) = SvNVX(PL_patchlevel);
992 case '\026': /* $^V */
995 GvSV(gv) = SvREFCNT_inc(PL_patchlevel);
1004 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1006 HV *hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1011 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1012 if (keepmain || strNE(HvNAME(hv), "main")) {
1013 sv_catpv(sv,HvNAME(hv));
1014 sv_catpvn(sv,"::", 2);
1016 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1020 Perl_gv_fullname3(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv, const char *prefix)
1022 HV *hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1027 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1028 sv_catpv(sv,HvNAME(hv));
1029 sv_catpvn(sv,"::", 2);
1030 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1034 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1036 GV *egv = GvEGV(gv);
1039 gv_fullname4(sv, egv, prefix, keepmain);
1043 Perl_gv_efullname3(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv, const char *prefix)
1045 GV *egv = GvEGV(gv);
1048 gv_fullname3(sv, egv, prefix);
1051 /* XXX compatibility with versions <= 5.003. */
1053 Perl_gv_fullname(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv)
1055 gv_fullname3(sv, gv, sv == (SV*)gv ? "*" : "");
1058 /* XXX compatibility with versions <= 5.003. */
1060 Perl_gv_efullname(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv)
1062 gv_efullname3(sv, gv, sv == (SV*)gv ? "*" : "");
1071 io = (IO*)NEWSV(0,0);
1072 sv_upgrade((SV *)io,SVt_PVIO);
1075 iogv = gv_fetchpv("FileHandle::", FALSE, SVt_PVHV);
1076 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1077 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1078 iogv = gv_fetchpv("IO::Handle::", TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
1079 SvSTASH(io) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv));
1084 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1091 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1093 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1094 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1095 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1096 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1098 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1099 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1101 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1103 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1104 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1107 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1108 * module, don't bother warning */
1110 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1111 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1112 && (instr(file, ":lib:")
1114 && (instr(file, "/lib/")
1116 || instr(file, ".pm")))
1120 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1122 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = file; /* set for warning */
1124 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1126 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_ONCE,
1127 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1128 HvNAME(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1135 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ char *pack)
1137 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1141 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1144 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1151 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1152 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1157 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1158 PL_sub_generation++;
1165 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1169 if (!gv || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1171 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1172 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1173 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INTERNAL,
1174 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers");
1178 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1179 PL_sub_generation++;
1181 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1182 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1187 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1188 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1189 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1190 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1191 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1192 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1198 #if defined(CRIPPLED_CC) && (defined(iAPX286) || defined(M_I286) || defined(I80286))
1202 #ifdef MICROPORT /* Microport 2.4 hack */
1206 if (GvGP(gv)->gp_av)
1207 return GvGP(gv)->gp_av;
1209 return GvGP(gv_AVadd(gv))->gp_av;
1215 if (GvGP(gv)->gp_hv)
1216 return GvGP(gv)->gp_hv;
1218 return GvGP(gv_HVadd(gv))->gp_hv;
1220 #endif /* Microport 2.4 hack */
1223 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1225 AMT *amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1226 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1228 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1229 CV *cv = amtp->table[i];
1231 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1232 amtp->table[i] = Nullcv;
1239 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1242 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1246 MAGIC* mg=mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1247 AMT *amtp = (mg) ? (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr: (AMT *) NULL;
1250 if (mg && amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1251 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation)
1252 return AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1253 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1255 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME(stash)) );
1258 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1259 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1260 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1264 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1268 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1270 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1271 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1276 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1277 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1278 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1280 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1282 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1283 amt.table[i] = Nullcv;
1284 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1285 char *cooky = (char*)PL_AMG_names[i];
1286 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1287 char *cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1288 STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1290 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of `%s' in package `%.256s'\n",
1291 cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
1292 /* don't fill the cache while looking up! */
1293 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, cooky, l, -1);
1295 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1296 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1297 && strEQ(HvNAME(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1298 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1301 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method `%.256s' for overloaded `%s' in package `%.256s'\n",
1302 SvPV_nolen(GvSV(gv)), cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
1303 if (!SvPOK(GvSV(gv))
1304 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX(GvSV(gv)),
1307 /* Can be an import stub (created by `can'). */
1309 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Stub found while resolving method `%.256s' overloading `%s' in package `%.256s'",
1310 (SvPOK(GvSV(gv)) ? SvPVX(GvSV(gv)) : "???" ),
1313 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't resolve method `%.256s' overloading `%s' in package `%.256s'",
1314 (SvPOK(GvSV(gv)) ? SvPVX(GvSV(gv)) : "???" ),
1317 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1319 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading `%s' in package `%.256s' via `%.256s::%.256s' \n",
1320 cp, HvNAME(stash), HvNAME(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1321 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1323 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1326 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(cv);
1329 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1331 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1332 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1333 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1337 /* Here we have no table: */
1339 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1340 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1341 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1347 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1354 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1358 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1360 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1361 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1362 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1364 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp))
1365 return amtp->table[id];
1371 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1375 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1376 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1377 int off=0, off1, lr=0, assign=AMGf_assign & flags, notfound=0;
1378 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0, assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1383 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1384 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1385 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1386 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1387 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1389 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1390 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1396 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1397 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1399 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1402 /* look for substituted methods */
1403 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1407 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1408 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1409 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1414 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1415 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1416 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1420 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1423 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1426 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1429 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1430 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1431 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1437 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1440 SV* tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1441 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1443 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1444 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1446 SV* newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1447 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1448 SvSTASH(newref) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef));
1454 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1455 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1456 SV* nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1458 SV* lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1459 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1460 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1462 SV* lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1463 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1464 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1467 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1478 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1480 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1485 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1487 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1495 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1500 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1501 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1502 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1503 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1504 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1505 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1507 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1510 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1511 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1512 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1513 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1514 /* We look for substitution for
1515 * comparison operations and
1517 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1518 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1519 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1529 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1536 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1538 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1543 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1551 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1554 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1555 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1556 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1557 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1560 if (off==-1) off=method;
1561 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1562 "Operation `%s': no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1563 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1564 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1566 "in overloaded package ":
1567 "has no overloaded magic",
1569 HvNAME(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1572 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1575 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1577 HvNAME(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1579 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1580 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX(msg)) );
1582 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, msg);
1586 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1591 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1592 "Overloaded operator `%s'%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1594 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1596 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1597 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1598 method+assignshift==off? "" : "')",
1599 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1600 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1601 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1602 stash ? HvNAME(stash) : "null",
1603 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1606 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1607 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1608 * version of copy operator
1610 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1611 * a) Assignment form was called.
1612 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1613 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1614 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1615 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1616 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1618 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1619 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1621 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1622 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1625 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1626 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1628 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1629 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1636 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1639 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1640 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1641 myop.op_next = Nullop;
1642 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1644 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1647 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1648 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1649 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
1653 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
1654 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
1655 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
1656 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
1658 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
1663 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
1671 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
1678 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
1681 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
1684 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
1687 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
1690 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
1693 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
1696 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
1698 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
1701 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
1703 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
1705 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
1713 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
1715 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
1717 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
1718 created even in rvalue contexts.
1720 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
1721 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
1726 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1733 if (len == 3 && strEQ(name, "ISA"))
1737 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name, "OVERLOAD"))
1741 if (len == 3 && strEQ(name, "SIG"))
1744 case '\017': /* $^O & $^OPEN */
1746 || (len == 4 && strEQ(name, "\027PEN")))
1751 case '\027': /* $^W & $^WARNING_BITS */
1753 || (len == 12 && strEQ(name, "\027ARNING_BITS"))
1754 || (len == 17 && strEQ(name, "\027IDE_SYSTEM_CALLS")))
1786 case '\001': /* $^A */
1787 case '\003': /* $^C */
1788 case '\004': /* $^D */
1789 case '\005': /* $^E */
1790 case '\006': /* $^F */
1791 case '\010': /* $^H */
1792 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1793 case '\014': /* $^L */
1794 case '\016': /* $^N */
1795 case '\020': /* $^P */
1796 case '\023': /* $^S */
1797 case '\026': /* $^V */
1801 case '\024': /* $^T, ${^TAINT} */
1802 if (len == 1 || strEQ(name, "\024AINT"))
1815 char *end = name + len;
1816 while (--end > name) {