3 * Copyright (c) 1991-2001, Larry Wall
5 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
6 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
11 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
12 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
13 * you. What more do you want to know?'
14 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
15 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
24 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
26 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
27 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
34 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
36 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
37 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
44 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
46 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
47 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle");
49 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
51 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
60 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
70 tmplen = strlen(name) + 2;
71 if (tmplen < sizeof smallbuf)
74 New(603, tmpbuf, tmplen + 1, char);
77 strcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name);
78 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
80 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
81 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv), name);
83 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
85 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
91 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
94 bool doproto = SvTYPE(gv) > SVt_NULL;
95 char *proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX(gv) : NULL;
97 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
106 Newz(602, gp, 1, GP);
107 GvGP(gv) = gp_ref(gp);
108 GvSV(gv) = NEWSV(72,0);
109 GvLINE(gv) = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
110 GvFILE(gv) = CopFILE(PL_curcop) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
113 sv_magic((SV*)gv, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_glob, Nullch, 0);
114 GvSTASH(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(stash);
115 GvNAME(gv) = savepvn(name, len);
117 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
119 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
122 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
123 start_subparse(0,0); /* Create CV in compcv. */
124 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
129 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
130 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
131 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
132 CvOWNER(GvCV(gv)) = 0;
133 if (!CvMUTEXP(GvCV(gv))) {
134 New(666, CvMUTEXP(GvCV(gv)), 1, perl_mutex);
135 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(GvCV(gv)));
137 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
139 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
146 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
162 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
164 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
165 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
166 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
168 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
169 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
170 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
171 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
173 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
174 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
175 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
176 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
177 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
183 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
191 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
193 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
194 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvn("UNIVERSAL", 9, FALSE)))
198 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
199 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
200 name, HvNAME(stash));
202 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,HvNAME(stash)) );
204 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
209 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
210 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
211 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
212 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
213 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
215 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
217 GvCV(topgv) = cv = Nullcv;
220 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
221 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
224 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, "ISA", 3, FALSE);
225 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) ? GvAV(gv) : Nullav;
227 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
228 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
229 char* packname = HvNAME(stash);
230 STRLEN packlen = strlen(packname);
232 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(packname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
236 basestash = gv_stashpvn(packname, packlen, TRUE);
237 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(basestash, "ISA", 3, FALSE);
238 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
239 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
240 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
241 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", HvNAME(stash));
242 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
243 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
244 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
245 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc(av);
251 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
252 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
253 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
256 HV* basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, FALSE);
258 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
259 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_MISC, "Can't locate package %s for @%s::ISA",
260 SvPVX(sv), HvNAME(stash));
263 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
264 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
270 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
272 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
275 if ((lastchance = gv_stashpvn("UNIVERSAL", 9, FALSE))) {
276 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
277 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
281 * Cache method in topgv if:
282 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
283 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
286 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
288 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
290 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
292 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
293 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
297 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
298 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
299 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
308 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod
310 See L<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>.
316 Perl_gv_fetchmethod(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name)
318 return gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, name, TRUE);
322 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
324 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
325 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
326 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
329 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
330 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
331 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
332 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
333 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
335 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
336 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
337 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
338 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
339 created via a side effect to do this.
341 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
342 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
343 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
344 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
350 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
352 register const char *nend;
353 const char *nsplit = 0;
356 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
359 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
363 const char *origname = name;
367 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
368 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
369 SV *tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
370 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
371 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
372 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), TRUE);
373 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
374 origname, HvNAME(stash), name) );
377 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
378 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, FALSE);
381 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
383 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
384 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
386 gv = gv_autoload4(stash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
390 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
398 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
401 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
402 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
412 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
414 static char autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
415 static STRLEN autolen = 8;
423 return Nullgv; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
424 if (len == autolen && strnEQ(name, autoload, autolen))
426 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, autoload, autolen, FALSE)))
430 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
434 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
436 if (ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED) && !method &&
437 (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash))
438 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_DEPRECATED,
439 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
440 HvNAME(stash), (int)len, name);
442 #ifndef USE_5005THREADS
444 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
445 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
446 * and split that value on the last '::',
447 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
450 SvPVX(cv) = (char *)name; /* cast to lose constness warning */
457 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
458 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
459 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
460 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
462 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
463 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, autoload, autolen, TRUE);
466 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
467 sv_lock((SV *)varstash);
470 gv_init(vargv, varstash, autoload, autolen, FALSE);
473 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
476 sv_setpv(varsv, HvNAME(stash));
477 sv_catpvn(varsv, "::", 2);
478 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
479 SvTAINTED_off(varsv);
483 /* The "gv" parameter should be the glob known to Perl code as *!
484 * The scalar must already have been magicalized.
487 S_require_errno(pTHX_ GV *gv)
489 HV* stash = gv_stashpvn("Errno",5,FALSE);
491 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH"))) {
495 save_scalar(gv); /* keep the value of $! */
496 require_pv("Errno.pm");
499 stash = gv_stashpvn("Errno",5,FALSE);
500 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH")))
501 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available");
506 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
508 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
509 be a valid UTF-8 string. If C<create> is set then the package will be
510 created if it does not already exist. If C<create> is not set and the
511 package does not exist then NULL is returned.
517 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
519 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
523 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 create)
530 if (namelen + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
533 New(606, tmpbuf, namelen + 3, char);
534 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
535 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
536 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
537 tmpbuf[namelen] = '\0';
538 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv(tmpbuf, create, SVt_PVHV);
539 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
544 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
547 HvNAME(stash) = savepv(name);
552 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
554 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, which must be a
555 valid UTF-8 string. See C<gv_stashpv>.
561 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 create)
566 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, create);
571 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type)
573 register const char *name = nambeg;
577 register const char *namend;
580 if (*name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
583 for (namend = name; *namend; namend++) {
584 if ((*namend == ':' && namend[1] == ':')
585 || (*namend == '\'' && namend[1]))
589 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
597 if (len + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
600 New(601, tmpbuf, len+3, char);
601 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
605 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
606 gv = gvp ? *gvp : Nullgv;
607 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
608 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
609 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
613 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
615 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
618 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
619 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
622 HvNAME(stash) = savepvn(nambeg, namend - nambeg);
630 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetch(PL_defstash, "main::", 6, TRUE);
637 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
640 if (isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
643 if (isUPPER(*name)) {
644 if (*name == 'S' && (
645 strEQ(name, "SIG") ||
646 strEQ(name, "STDIN") ||
647 strEQ(name, "STDOUT") ||
648 strEQ(name, "STDERR")))
650 else if (*name == 'I' && strEQ(name, "INC"))
652 else if (*name == 'E' && strEQ(name, "ENV"))
654 else if (*name == 'A' && (
655 strEQ(name, "ARGV") ||
656 strEQ(name, "ARGVOUT")))
659 else if (*name == '_' && !name[1])
664 else if ((COP*)PL_curcop == &PL_compiling) {
666 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
667 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
668 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
669 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
670 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
671 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV && strchr("ab",*name)) )
673 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
675 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
676 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
680 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
681 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
682 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
684 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
685 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
686 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
689 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
695 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
701 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
705 qerror(Perl_mess(aTHX_
706 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
707 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
708 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
709 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
711 stash = PL_nullstash;
717 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
720 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
721 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
724 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
727 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
728 if (*name=='!' && sv_type == SVt_PVHV && len==1)
732 } else if (add & GV_NOINIT) {
736 /* Adding a new symbol */
738 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
739 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INTERNAL, "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
740 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
741 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
743 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
744 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
747 /* set up magic where warranted */
750 if (strEQ(name, "ARGV")) {
751 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
755 if (strnEQ(name, "EXPORT", 6))
759 if (strEQ(name, "ISA")) {
762 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, Nullch, 0);
763 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
764 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
765 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
768 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
769 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
770 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
771 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, TRUE);
772 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
773 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
774 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
775 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
776 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
777 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
782 if (strEQ(name, "OVERLOAD")) {
785 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
789 if (strEQ(name, "SIG")) {
793 Newz(73, PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
794 Newz(73, PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
795 Newz(73, PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
799 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
800 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
802 init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
804 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
812 if (strEQ(name, "VERSION"))
819 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
825 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
831 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
837 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv),PL_chopset);
843 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
844 (void)SvUPGRADE(GvSV(gv), SVt_PVLV);
852 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm.
853 The require will itself set errno, so in order to
854 preserve its value we have to set up the magic
855 now (rather than going to magicalize)
858 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
860 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
869 sv_magic((SV*)av, Nullsv, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, Nullch, 0);
875 if (ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED) && len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV)
876 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_DEPRECATED, "Use of $%s is deprecated", name);
891 case '\001': /* $^A */
892 case '\003': /* $^C */
893 case '\004': /* $^D */
894 case '\005': /* $^E */
895 case '\006': /* $^F */
896 case '\010': /* $^H */
897 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
898 case '\016': /* $^N */
899 case '\020': /* $^P */
900 case '\024': /* $^T */
907 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
909 case '\017': /* $^O & $^OPEN */
910 if (len > 1 && strNE(name, "\017PEN"))
913 case '\023': /* $^S */
917 case '\027': /* $^W & $^WARNING_BITS */
918 if (len > 1 && strNE(name, "\027ARNING_BITS")
919 && strNE(name, "\027IDE_SYSTEM_CALLS"))
928 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)av, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, Nullch, 0);
941 /* ensures variable is only digits */
942 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
943 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
946 const char *end = name + len;
947 while (--end > name) {
948 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
953 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
955 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
958 case '\014': /* $^L */
961 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv),"\f");
962 PL_formfeed = GvSV(gv);
967 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv),"\034");
972 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PVNV);
973 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv,
974 #if defined(PERL_SUBVERSION) && (PERL_SUBVERSION > 0)
980 SvNVX(PL_patchlevel));
981 SvNVX(sv) = SvNVX(PL_patchlevel);
986 case '\026': /* $^V */
989 GvSV(gv) = SvREFCNT_inc(PL_patchlevel);
998 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1000 HV *hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1005 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1006 if (keepmain || strNE(HvNAME(hv), "main")) {
1007 sv_catpv(sv,HvNAME(hv));
1008 sv_catpvn(sv,"::", 2);
1010 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1014 Perl_gv_fullname3(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv, const char *prefix)
1016 HV *hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1021 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1022 sv_catpv(sv,HvNAME(hv));
1023 sv_catpvn(sv,"::", 2);
1024 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1028 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1030 GV *egv = GvEGV(gv);
1033 gv_fullname4(sv, egv, prefix, keepmain);
1037 Perl_gv_efullname3(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv, const char *prefix)
1039 GV *egv = GvEGV(gv);
1042 gv_fullname3(sv, egv, prefix);
1045 /* XXX compatibility with versions <= 5.003. */
1047 Perl_gv_fullname(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv)
1049 gv_fullname3(sv, gv, sv == (SV*)gv ? "*" : "");
1052 /* XXX compatibility with versions <= 5.003. */
1054 Perl_gv_efullname(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *gv)
1056 gv_efullname3(sv, gv, sv == (SV*)gv ? "*" : "");
1065 io = (IO*)NEWSV(0,0);
1066 sv_upgrade((SV *)io,SVt_PVIO);
1069 iogv = gv_fetchpv("FileHandle::", FALSE, SVt_PVHV);
1070 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1071 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1072 iogv = gv_fetchpv("IO::Handle::", TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
1073 SvSTASH(io) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv));
1078 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1085 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1087 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1088 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1089 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1090 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1092 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1093 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1095 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1097 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1098 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1101 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1102 * module, don't bother warning */
1104 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1105 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1106 && (instr(file, ":lib:")
1108 && (instr(file, "/lib/")
1110 || instr(file, ".pm")))
1114 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1116 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = file; /* set for warning */
1118 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1120 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_ONCE,
1121 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1122 HvNAME(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1129 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ char *pack)
1131 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1135 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1138 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1145 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1146 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1151 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1152 PL_sub_generation++;
1159 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1163 if (!gv || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1165 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1166 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1167 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INTERNAL,
1168 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers");
1172 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1173 PL_sub_generation++;
1175 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1176 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1181 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1182 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1183 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1184 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1185 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1186 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1192 #if defined(CRIPPLED_CC) && (defined(iAPX286) || defined(M_I286) || defined(I80286))
1196 #ifdef MICROPORT /* Microport 2.4 hack */
1200 if (GvGP(gv)->gp_av)
1201 return GvGP(gv)->gp_av;
1203 return GvGP(gv_AVadd(gv))->gp_av;
1209 if (GvGP(gv)->gp_hv)
1210 return GvGP(gv)->gp_hv;
1212 return GvGP(gv_HVadd(gv))->gp_hv;
1214 #endif /* Microport 2.4 hack */
1217 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1219 AMT *amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1220 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1222 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1223 CV *cv = amtp->table[i];
1225 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1226 amtp->table[i] = Nullcv;
1233 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1236 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1240 MAGIC* mg=mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1241 AMT *amtp = (mg) ? (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr: (AMT *) NULL;
1244 if (mg && amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1245 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation)
1246 return AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1247 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1249 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME(stash)) );
1252 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1253 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1254 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1258 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1262 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1264 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1265 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1270 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1271 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1272 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1274 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1276 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1277 amt.table[i] = Nullcv;
1278 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1279 char *cooky = (char*)PL_AMG_names[i];
1280 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1281 char *cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1282 STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1284 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of `%s' in package `%.256s'\n",
1285 cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
1286 /* don't fill the cache while looking up! */
1287 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, cooky, l, -1);
1289 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1290 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1291 && strEQ(HvNAME(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1292 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1295 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method `%.256s' for overloaded `%s' in package `%.256s'\n",
1296 SvPV_nolen(GvSV(gv)), cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
1297 if (!SvPOK(GvSV(gv))
1298 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX(GvSV(gv)),
1301 /* Can be an import stub (created by `can'). */
1303 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Stub found while resolving method `%.256s' overloading `%s' in package `%.256s'",
1304 (SvPOK(GvSV(gv)) ? SvPVX(GvSV(gv)) : "???" ),
1307 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't resolve method `%.256s' overloading `%s' in package `%.256s'",
1308 (SvPOK(GvSV(gv)) ? SvPVX(GvSV(gv)) : "???" ),
1311 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1313 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading `%s' in package `%.256s' via `%.256s::%.256s' \n",
1314 cp, HvNAME(stash), HvNAME(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1315 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1317 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1320 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(cv);
1323 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1325 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1326 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1327 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1331 /* Here we have no table: */
1333 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1334 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1335 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1341 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1348 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1352 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1354 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1355 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1356 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1358 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp))
1359 return amtp->table[id];
1365 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1369 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1370 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1371 int off=0, off1, lr=0, assign=AMGf_assign & flags, notfound=0;
1372 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0, assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1377 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1378 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1379 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1380 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1381 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1383 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1384 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1390 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1391 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1393 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1396 /* look for substituted methods */
1397 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1401 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1402 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1403 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1408 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1409 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1410 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1414 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1417 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1420 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1423 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1424 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1425 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1431 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1434 SV* tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1435 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1437 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1438 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1440 SV* newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1441 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1442 SvSTASH(newref) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef));
1448 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1449 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1450 SV* nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1452 SV* lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1453 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1454 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1456 SV* lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1457 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1458 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1461 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1472 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1474 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1479 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1481 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1489 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1494 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1495 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1496 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1497 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1498 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1499 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1501 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1504 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1505 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1506 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1507 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1508 /* We look for substitution for
1509 * comparison operations and
1511 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1512 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1513 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1523 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1530 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1532 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1537 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1545 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1548 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1549 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1550 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1551 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1554 if (off==-1) off=method;
1555 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1556 "Operation `%s': no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1557 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1558 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1560 "in overloaded package ":
1561 "has no overloaded magic",
1563 HvNAME(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1566 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1569 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1571 HvNAME(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1573 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1574 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX(msg)) );
1576 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, msg);
1580 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1585 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1586 "Overloaded operator `%s'%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1588 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1590 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1591 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1592 method+assignshift==off? "" : "')",
1593 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1594 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1595 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1596 stash ? HvNAME(stash) : "null",
1597 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1600 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1601 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1602 * version of copy operator
1604 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1605 * a) Assignment form was called.
1606 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1607 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1608 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1609 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1610 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1612 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1613 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1615 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1616 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1619 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1620 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1622 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1623 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1630 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1633 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1634 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1635 myop.op_next = Nullop;
1636 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1638 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1641 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1642 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1643 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
1647 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
1648 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
1649 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
1650 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
1652 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
1657 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
1665 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
1672 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
1675 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
1678 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
1681 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
1684 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
1687 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
1690 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
1692 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
1695 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
1697 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
1699 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
1707 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
1709 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
1711 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
1712 created even in rvalue contexts.
1714 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
1715 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
1720 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1727 if (len == 3 && strEQ(name, "ISA"))
1731 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name, "OVERLOAD"))
1735 if (len == 3 && strEQ(name, "SIG"))
1738 case '\017': /* $^O & $^OPEN */
1740 || (len == 4 && strEQ(name, "\027PEN")))
1745 case '\027': /* $^W & $^WARNING_BITS */
1747 || (len == 12 && strEQ(name, "\027ARNING_BITS"))
1748 || (len == 17 && strEQ(name, "\027IDE_SYSTEM_CALLS")))
1780 case '\001': /* $^A */
1781 case '\003': /* $^C */
1782 case '\004': /* $^D */
1783 case '\005': /* $^E */
1784 case '\006': /* $^F */
1785 case '\010': /* $^H */
1786 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1787 case '\014': /* $^L */
1788 case '\016': /* $^N */
1789 case '\020': /* $^P */
1790 case '\023': /* $^S */
1791 case '\024': /* $^T */
1792 case '\026': /* $^V */
1806 char *end = name + len;
1807 while (--end > name) {