3 * Copyright (c) 1991-1994, Larry Wall
5 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
6 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
11 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
12 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
13 * you. What more do you want to know?'
14 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
15 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
28 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
29 croak("Bad symbol for array");
39 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
40 croak("Bad symbol for hash");
50 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
51 croak("Bad symbol for filehandle");
64 sprintf(tmpbuf,"::_<%s", name);
65 gv = gv_fetchpv(tmpbuf, TRUE, SVt_PVGV);
66 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv), name);
67 if (*name == '/' && (instr(name,"/lib/") || instr(name,".pm")))
70 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), gv, 'L');
75 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, multi)
84 sv_upgrade(gv, SVt_PVGV);
88 GvGP(gv) = gp_ref(gp);
90 GvSV(gv) = NEWSV(72,0);
91 GvLINE(gv) = curcop->cop_line;
92 GvFILEGV(gv) = curcop->cop_filegv;
94 sv_magic((SV*)gv, (SV*)gv, '*', name, len);
96 GvNAME(gv) = savepvn(name, len);
103 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type)
121 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level)
137 croak("Recursive inheritance detected");
139 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, TRUE);
141 DEBUG_o( deb("Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,HvNAME(stash)) );
143 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
144 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
146 if (cv=GvCV(topgv)) {
147 if (GvCVGEN(topgv) >= sub_generation)
148 return topgv; /* valid cached inheritance */
149 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv)) { /* not an inheritance cache */
150 if (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv))
151 return topgv; /* real definition */
152 /* a simple undef -- save the slot for possible re-use */
155 /* stale cached entry, just junk it */
156 GvCV(topgv) = cv = 0;
160 /* if cv is still set, we have to free it if we find something to cache */
162 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,"ISA",3,FALSE);
163 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&sv_undef && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
164 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
165 I32 items = AvFILL(av) + 1;
168 HV* basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, FALSE);
171 warn("Can't locate package %s for @%s::ISA",
172 SvPVX(sv), HvNAME(stash));
175 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len, level + 1);
177 if (cv) { /* junk old undef */
178 assert(SvREFCNT(topgv) > 1);
182 GvCV(topgv) = GvCV(gv); /* cache the CV */
183 GvCVGEN(topgv) = sub_generation; /* valid for now */
190 if (lastchance = gv_stashpv("UNIVERSAL", FALSE)) {
191 if (gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len, level + 1)) {
192 if (cv) { /* junk old undef */
193 assert(SvREFCNT(topgv) > 1);
197 GvCV(topgv) = GvCV(gv); /* cache the CV */
198 GvCVGEN(topgv) = sub_generation; /* valid for now */
208 gv_fetchmethod(stash, name)
216 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
217 if (*nend == ':' || *nend == '\'')
222 char *origname = name;
228 stash = gv_stashpv(origname,TRUE);
231 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
235 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
237 else if (strNE(name, "AUTOLOAD")) {
238 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, "AUTOLOAD", 8, 0);
239 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) { /* One more chance... */
240 SV *tmpstr = sv_2mortal(newSVpv(HvNAME(stash),0));
241 sv_catpvn(tmpstr,"::", 2);
242 sv_catpvn(tmpstr, name, nend - name);
243 sv_setsv(GvSV(CvGV(cv)), tmpstr);
251 gv_stashpv(name,create)
258 sprintf(tmpbuf,"%.*s::",1200,name);
259 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv(tmpbuf,create, SVt_PVHV);
263 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
266 HvNAME(stash) = savepv(name);
271 gv_stashsv(sv,create)
275 return gv_stashpv(SvPV(sv,na), create);
280 gv_fetchpv(nambeg,add,sv_type)
285 register char *name = nambeg;
289 register char *namend;
294 for (namend = name; *namend; namend++) {
295 if ((*namend == '\'' && namend[1]) ||
296 (*namend == ':' && namend[1] == ':'))
300 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
305 New(601, tmpbuf, len+3, char);
306 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
310 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
312 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&sv_undef)
316 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
321 gv_init(gv, stash, nambeg, namend - nambeg, (add & 2));
323 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
324 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
327 HvNAME(stash) = savepvn(nambeg, namend - nambeg);
335 return gv ? gv : *hv_fetch(defstash, "main::", 6, TRUE);
342 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
345 if (isIDFIRST(*name)) {
346 if (isUPPER(*name)) {
348 if (*name == 'S' && (
349 strEQ(name, "SIG") ||
350 strEQ(name, "STDIN") ||
351 strEQ(name, "STDOUT") ||
352 strEQ(name, "STDERR") ))
355 else if (*name > 'E') {
356 if (*name == 'I' && strEQ(name, "INC"))
359 else if (*name > 'A') {
360 if (*name == 'E' && strEQ(name, "ENV"))
363 else if (*name == 'A' && (
364 strEQ(name, "ARGV") ||
365 strEQ(name, "ARGVOUT") ))
368 else if (*name == '_' && !name[1])
372 else if ((COP*)curcop == &compiling) {
374 if (add && (hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
375 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
376 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
383 stash = curcop->cop_stash;
389 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
393 warn("Global symbol \"%s\" requires explicit package name", name);
395 stash = curstash ? curstash : defstash; /* avoid core dumps */
401 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
404 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
405 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&sv_undef)
408 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
411 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
416 /* Adding a new symbol */
419 warn("Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
420 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & 2);
421 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
423 /* set up magic where warranted */
426 if (strEQ(name, "ARGV")) {
427 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
437 if (strnEQ(name, "EXPORT", 6))
441 if (strEQ(name, "ISA")) {
444 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, 'I', Nullch, 0);
445 if (add & 2 && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA") && AvFILL(av) == -1)
448 av_push(av, newSVpv(pname = "NDBM_File",0));
449 gv_stashpv(pname, TRUE);
450 av_push(av, newSVpv(pname = "DB_File",0));
451 gv_stashpv(pname, TRUE);
452 av_push(av, newSVpv(pname = "GDBM_File",0));
453 gv_stashpv(pname, TRUE);
454 av_push(av, newSVpv(pname = "SDBM_File",0));
455 gv_stashpv(pname, TRUE);
456 av_push(av, newSVpv(pname = "ODBM_File",0));
457 gv_stashpv(pname, TRUE);
463 if (strEQ(name, "OVERLOAD")) {
466 sv_magic((SV*)hv, (SV*)gv, 'A', 0, 0);
469 #endif /* OVERLOAD */
471 if (strEQ(name, "SIG")) {
476 hv_magic(hv, siggv, 'S');
478 /* initialize signal stack */
479 signalstack = newAV();
480 AvREAL_off(signalstack);
481 av_extend(signalstack, 30);
482 av_fill(signalstack, 0);
510 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv),chopset);
515 if (dowarn && len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV)
516 warn("Use of $%s is deprecated", name);
558 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
560 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, 0, name, len);
566 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv),"\f");
572 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv),"\034");
578 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
579 sv_setpv(sv, patchlevel);
591 HV *hv = GvSTASH(gv);
595 sv_setpv(sv, sv == (SV*)gv ? "*" : "");
596 sv_catpv(sv,HvNAME(hv));
597 sv_catpvn(sv,"::", 2);
598 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
615 sv_setpv(sv, sv == (SV*)gv ? "*" : "");
616 sv_catpv(sv,HvNAME(hv));
617 sv_catpvn(sv,"::", 2);
618 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(egv),GvNAMELEN(egv));
627 io = (IO*)NEWSV(0,0);
628 sv_upgrade((SV *)io,SVt_PVIO);
631 iogv = gv_fetchpv("FileHandle::", TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
632 SvSTASH(io) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv));
648 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
649 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = entry->hent_next) {
650 if (entry->hent_key[entry->hent_klen-1] == ':' &&
651 (gv = (GV*)entry->hent_val) && (hv = GvHV(gv)) && HvNAME(hv))
654 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
656 else if (isALPHA(*entry->hent_key)) {
657 gv = (GV*)entry->hent_val;
660 curcop->cop_line = GvLINE(gv);
661 filegv = GvFILEGV(gv);
662 curcop->cop_filegv = filegv;
663 if (filegv && SvMULTI(filegv)) /* Filename began with slash */
665 warn("Identifier \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
666 HvNAME(stash), GvNAME(gv));
676 (void)sprintf(tokenbuf,"%s::_GEN_%ld",pack,(long)gensym++);
677 return gv_fetchpv(tokenbuf,TRUE, SVt_PVGV);
680 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
699 if (!gv || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
701 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
702 warn("Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers");
705 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
706 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
711 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
712 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
713 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
714 if ((io = gp->gp_io) && SvTYPE(io) != SVTYPEMASK) {
718 if ((cv = gp->gp_cv) && !GvCVGEN(gv))
720 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
726 #if defined(CRIPPLED_CC) && (defined(iAPX286) || defined(M_I286) || defined(I80286))
730 #ifdef MICROPORT /* Microport 2.4 hack */
735 return GvGP(gv)->gp_av;
737 return GvGP(gv_AVadd(gv))->gp_av;
744 return GvGP(gv)->gp_hv;
746 return GvGP(gv_HVadd(gv))->gp_hv;
748 #endif /* Microport 2.4 hack */
751 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
761 MAGIC* mg=mg_find((SV*)stash,'c');
762 AMT *amtp=mg ? (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr: NULL;
764 if (mg && (amtp=((AMT*)(mg->mg_ptr)))->was_ok_am == amagic_generation &&
765 amtp->was_ok_sub == sub_generation)
766 return HV_AMAGIC(stash)? TRUE: FALSE;
767 gvp=(GV**)hv_fetch(stash,"OVERLOAD",8,FALSE);
768 if (amtp && amtp->table) {
770 for (i=1;i<NofAMmeth*2;i++) {
771 if (amtp->table[i]) {
772 SvREFCNT_dec(amtp->table[i]);
776 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, 'c');
778 DEBUG_o( deb("Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME(stash)) );
780 if (gvp && ((gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&sv_undef && (hv = GvHV(gv)))) {
788 /* if (*(svp)==(SV*)amagic_generation && *(svp+1)==(SV*)sub_generation) {
789 DEBUG_o( deb("Overload magic in package %s up-to-date\n",HvNAME(stash))
791 return HV_AMAGIC(stash)? TRUE: FALSE;
794 amt.was_ok_am=amagic_generation;
795 amt.was_ok_sub=sub_generation;
796 amt.fallback=AMGfallNO;
798 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in AMG_names */
800 if ((cp=((char**)(*AMG_names))[0]) &&
801 (svp=(SV**)hv_fetch(hv,cp,strlen(cp),FALSE)) && (sv = *svp)) {
802 if (SvTRUE(sv)) amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
803 else if (SvOK(sv)) amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
806 for (i=1;i<NofAMmeth*2;i++) {
809 if ( (cp=((char**)(*AMG_names))[i]) ) {
810 svp=(SV**)hv_fetch(hv,cp,strlen(cp),FALSE);
811 if (svp && ((sv = *svp) != (GV*)&sv_undef)) {
812 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
815 if (!SvOK(sv)) break;
816 gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, SvPV(sv, na));
817 if (gv) cv = GvCV(gv);
821 if (SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVCV)
826 die("Not a subroutine reference in %%OVERLOAD");
832 if (!(cv = GvCV((GV*)sv)))
833 cv = sv_2cv(sv, &stash, &gv, TRUE);
838 die("Method for operation %s not found in package %.200s during blessing\n",
844 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(cv);
846 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, 'c', (char*)&amt, sizeof(amt));
848 /* HV_badAMAGIC_off(stash);*/
853 /*HV_badAMAGIC_off(stash);*/
854 HV_AMAGIC_off(stash);
858 /* During call to this subroutine stack can be reallocated. It is
859 * advised to call SPAGAIN macro in your code after call */
862 amagic_call(left,right,method,flags)
870 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
872 int fl=0, off, off1, lr=0, assign=AMGf_assign & flags, notfound=0;
873 int postpr=0, inc_dec_ass=0, assignshift=assign?1:0;
875 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
876 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)(stash=SvSTASH(SvRV(left))),'c'))
877 && (ocvp = cvp = ((oamtp=amtp=(AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table))
878 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
879 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
881 (fl = 1, cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
882 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
884 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
887 /* look for substituted methods */
890 if (((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg]) && (inc_dec_ass=1))
891 || ((cv = cvp[off=add_amg]) && (postpr=1))) {
892 right = &sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
896 if (((cv = cvp[off=subtr_ass_amg]) && (inc_dec_ass=1))
897 || ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]) && (postpr=1))) {
898 right = &sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
902 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
905 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
908 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
913 if (!SvROK(ref) && SvTYPE(ref) <= SVt_PVMG) { /* Just to be
920 SV* newref = newSVsv(ref);
922 SvSTASH(newref) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(ref));
928 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
929 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
930 SV* nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
932 SV* lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
933 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
934 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
936 SV* lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
937 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
938 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
941 if (off==subtr_amg) {
952 if (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]) {
954 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
961 if (!cv) goto not_found;
962 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
963 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)(stash=SvSTASH(SvRV(right))),'c'))
964 && (cvp = ((amtp=(AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table))
965 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
968 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
969 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr=-1))
970 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
971 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
972 /* We look for substitution for
973 * comparison operations and
975 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
976 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
977 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
987 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
994 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
996 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1001 not_found: /* No method found, either report or die */
1002 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1003 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1004 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1005 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1008 if (off==-1) off=method;
1009 sprintf(tmpstr,"Operation `%s': no method found,\n\tleft argument %s%.200s,\n\tright argument %s%.200s",
1010 ((char**)AMG_names)[off],
1012 "in overloaded package ":
1013 "has no overloaded magic",
1015 HvNAME(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1018 "in overloaded package ":
1019 "has no overloaded magic",
1021 HvNAME(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1023 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1024 DEBUG_o( deb(tmpstr) );
1033 DEBUG_o( deb("Overloaded operator `%s'%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %.200s%s\n",
1034 ((char**)AMG_names)[off],
1035 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1037 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1038 ((char**)AMG_names)[method+assignshift],
1039 method+assignshift==off? "" : "')",
1040 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1041 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1042 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1044 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1045 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1046 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1047 * version of copy operator
1049 if ((method+assignshift==off
1050 && (assign || method==inc_amg || method==dec_amg))
1051 || inc_dec_ass) RvDEEPCP(left);
1058 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1059 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1060 myop.op_next = Nullop;
1061 myop.op_flags = OPf_KNOW|OPf_STACKED;
1069 EXTEND(sp, notfound + 5);
1070 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
1071 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
1072 PUSHs( assign ? &sv_undef : (lr>0? &sv_yes: &sv_no));
1074 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(((char**)AMG_names)[off],0)) );
1079 if (op = pp_entersub())
1088 /* sv_2mortal(res); */
1097 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
1100 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
1103 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
1106 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
1109 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
1112 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
1115 SvSetSV(left,res); return res; break;
1117 return ans? &sv_yes: &sv_no;
1118 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
1120 die("Copy method did not return a reference");
1122 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
1128 #endif /* OVERLOAD */