3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
38 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
39 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
42 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
44 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
46 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
47 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
55 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
57 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
58 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
65 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
67 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
68 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
75 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
78 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
81 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
82 * this is a dirhandle.
84 const char * const fh =
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
88 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
89 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
90 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
91 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
95 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
97 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
106 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
108 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
112 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
118 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
121 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
126 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
129 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
130 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
133 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
134 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
136 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
137 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
138 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
140 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
143 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
145 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
151 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
153 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
154 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
155 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
162 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
164 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
165 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
166 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
170 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
175 const char *const file
176 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
177 const STRLEN len = strlen(file);
179 SV *const temp_sv = CopFILESV(PL_curcop);
184 file = SvPVX(temp_sv);
185 len = SvCUR(temp_sv);
192 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
196 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
197 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
200 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
201 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
203 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
211 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
214 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
215 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
216 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX(gv) : NULL;
217 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
218 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
219 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
221 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
224 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
225 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
231 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
232 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
240 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
241 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
243 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
251 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
256 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
259 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
260 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
261 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
263 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
266 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
267 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
268 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
269 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
270 from a reference to CV. */
271 if (exported_constant)
272 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
274 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
275 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
279 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* sub Foo::bar($) { (shift) } sub ASDF::baz($); *ASDF::baz = \&Foo::bar */
281 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
282 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
284 sv_usepvn_flags((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto, protolen,
285 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
291 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
303 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
311 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
312 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
320 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
322 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
323 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
324 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
326 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
327 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
328 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
329 up caching info for this glob.
331 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
332 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
333 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
334 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
335 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
340 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
343 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
351 GV* candidate = NULL;
356 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
361 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
363 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
364 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
370 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
372 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
377 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
379 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
381 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
382 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, create);
386 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
387 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
388 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
389 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
390 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
394 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
395 SvREFCNT_dec(cand_cv);
396 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv = NULL;
400 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
401 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
406 packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
407 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
410 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, GV_ADD);
411 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(basestash);
414 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
417 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
418 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
420 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
422 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
425 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
426 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
427 SVfARG(linear_sv), hvname);
433 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, len, 0);
437 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV) gv_init(candidate, cstash, name, len, TRUE);
438 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
440 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
441 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
442 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
444 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
445 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
446 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
447 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
448 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
454 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
455 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
456 candidate = gv_fetchmeth(NULL, name, len, 1);
458 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
459 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
460 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
461 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
462 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
463 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
469 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
470 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
471 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
478 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
480 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
481 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
483 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
484 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
485 of the result may be zero.
491 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
493 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
500 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
501 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
503 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
506 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
508 /* Have an autoload */
509 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
510 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
511 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
520 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
522 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
523 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
524 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
527 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
528 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
529 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
530 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
531 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
533 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
534 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
535 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
536 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
537 created via a side effect to do this.
539 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
540 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
541 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
542 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
548 S_gv_get_super_pkg(pTHX_ const char* name, I32 namelen)
555 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, 0);
556 if(stash) return stash;
558 /* If we must create it, give it an @ISA array containing
559 the real package this SUPER is for, so that it's tied
560 into the cache invalidation code correctly */
561 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, GV_ADD);
562 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
564 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
565 superisa = GvAVn(gv);
567 sv_magic((SV*)superisa, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
569 av_push(superisa, newSVpv(CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop), 0));
571 av_push(superisa, newSVhek(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)
572 ? HvNAME_HEK(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)) : NULL));
579 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
582 register const char *nend;
583 const char *nsplit = NULL;
587 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
590 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
593 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
597 const char * const origname = name;
601 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
602 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
603 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
604 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
605 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
606 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr));
607 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
608 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
611 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
612 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, 0);
614 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
615 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
616 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
617 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
618 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, 0))
619 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(origname, nsplit - origname);
624 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
626 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
627 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
629 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
632 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
633 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
641 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
644 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
645 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
655 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
663 const char *packname = "";
664 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
666 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
669 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
670 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
674 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
675 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
678 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
682 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
686 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
688 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
689 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
691 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
692 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
693 packname, (int)len, name);
696 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
697 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
698 * and split that value on the last '::',
699 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
702 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
708 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
709 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
710 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
711 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
713 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
714 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
718 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
719 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
720 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
724 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
725 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
726 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
727 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
732 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
733 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
735 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
736 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
737 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
738 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
739 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
740 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
741 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
742 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
745 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
748 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
750 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
751 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
752 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
753 so save it. For the moment it's always
759 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
760 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
764 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
766 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" is not available",
767 varname, SVfARG(namesv));
768 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
769 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
770 varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
772 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
777 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
779 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
780 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
786 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
788 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
792 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
794 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
795 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
796 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
797 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
798 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
806 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
813 if (namelen + 2 <= sizeof smallbuf)
816 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 2, char);
817 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
818 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
819 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
820 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
821 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
826 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
828 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
829 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
834 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
836 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
842 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
845 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
846 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags);
851 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
852 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
856 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
858 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
859 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
863 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
867 register const char *name = nambeg;
868 register GV *gv = NULL;
871 register const char *name_cursor;
873 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
874 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
875 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
876 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
877 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
879 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
880 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
885 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
886 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
890 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
891 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
892 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
893 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
897 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
900 len = name_cursor - name;
905 if (len + 2 <= (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
908 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
909 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
912 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
913 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
914 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
915 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
916 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
920 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
922 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
925 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
926 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
928 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
929 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
932 if (*name_cursor == ':')
936 if (name == name_end)
937 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
940 len = name_cursor - name;
942 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
946 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
955 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
956 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
957 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
961 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
966 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
967 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
971 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
972 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
973 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
977 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
978 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
986 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
988 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
989 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
990 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
991 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
992 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
993 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
994 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
996 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
998 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
999 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1003 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1004 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1005 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1007 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
1008 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1009 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1012 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
1018 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1021 stash = PL_defstash;
1024 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
1028 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
1029 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
1030 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1031 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1032 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1035 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
1038 gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1040 /* symbol table under destruction */
1049 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1052 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
1053 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
1056 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1059 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1060 if (len == 1 && (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)) {
1062 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1063 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1064 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1068 } else if (no_init) {
1070 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1074 /* Adding a new symbol */
1076 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1077 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1078 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1079 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1081 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1082 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1085 /* set up magic where warranted */
1090 /* Nothing else to do.
1091 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1092 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1093 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1097 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1100 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1101 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1103 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1108 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1112 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1113 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1115 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1116 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1117 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1118 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1121 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1122 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1123 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1124 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, GV_ADD);
1125 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1126 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1127 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1128 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1129 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1130 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1135 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1136 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1138 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1142 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1146 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1147 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1148 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1152 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1153 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1154 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1156 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1158 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1159 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1164 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1167 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1168 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1171 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1172 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1175 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1176 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1178 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1179 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1182 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1183 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1185 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1186 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1189 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1190 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1192 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1194 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1197 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1198 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1211 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1213 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1214 const char *end = name + len;
1215 while (--end > name) {
1216 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1223 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1224 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1230 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1231 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1232 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1233 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1236 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1240 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1244 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1245 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1251 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1253 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1255 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1256 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1257 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1262 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1264 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1265 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? (SV*)av : NULL;
1267 sv_magic((SV*)av, avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1268 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1270 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1273 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1274 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1280 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2_d(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1281 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1282 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1285 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1288 case '\010': /* $^H */
1290 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1291 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1294 case '\023': /* $^S */
1296 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1320 case '\001': /* $^A */
1321 case '\003': /* $^C */
1322 case '\004': /* $^D */
1323 case '\005': /* $^E */
1324 case '\006': /* $^F */
1325 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1326 case '\016': /* $^N */
1327 case '\017': /* $^O */
1328 case '\020': /* $^P */
1329 case '\024': /* $^T */
1330 case '\027': /* $^W */
1332 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1335 case '\014': /* $^L */
1336 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1337 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1340 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1344 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1345 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1346 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
1347 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1348 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1352 case '\026': /* $^V */
1354 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1355 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1356 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1366 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1370 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1375 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1377 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1379 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1385 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1386 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1389 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1393 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1395 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1396 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1404 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV_type(SVt_PVIO);
1405 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1406 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1408 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1410 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1411 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1412 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1413 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1414 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1415 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1416 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1421 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1426 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1428 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1430 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1433 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1434 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1436 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1437 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1439 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1441 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1442 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1445 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1447 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1449 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
1450 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
1452 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1453 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1454 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1461 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1464 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1468 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1471 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1479 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
1480 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
1481 don't infect them with our cached entry */
1482 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1491 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1496 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1498 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1499 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1500 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1501 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1502 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1505 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1506 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1512 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1513 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1514 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1515 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1516 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1517 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1518 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1519 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1520 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1521 (void)hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1523 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1525 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1526 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1527 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1534 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1536 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1537 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1539 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1541 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1542 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1544 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1545 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1552 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1555 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1558 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1560 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1563 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1565 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1566 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1567 && amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
1568 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1570 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1573 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1576 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1577 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
1578 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1582 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1585 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1587 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1588 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1589 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1593 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1594 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1596 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1599 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1600 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1602 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1604 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1605 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1606 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1607 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1608 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1609 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1610 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
1612 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1613 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1614 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1615 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1616 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1617 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1618 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1619 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1620 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1621 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1622 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1623 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1624 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1626 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1628 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1629 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1630 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1631 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1632 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1634 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1636 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1637 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1638 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1639 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1640 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1643 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1644 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1645 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1646 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1647 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1651 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1653 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1654 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1655 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1657 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1659 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1663 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1666 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1668 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1669 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1670 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1674 /* Here we have no table: */
1676 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1677 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1678 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1684 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1690 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
1692 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1695 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1696 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1698 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1702 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1705 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1706 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1707 || amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
1709 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1710 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1711 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1712 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1713 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1714 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1715 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1716 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1729 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1734 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1735 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1736 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1737 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1738 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1739 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1744 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1745 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1746 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1747 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1748 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1750 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1751 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1757 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1758 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1760 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1763 /* look for substituted methods */
1764 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1768 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1769 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1770 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1775 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1776 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1777 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1781 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1784 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1787 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1790 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1791 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1792 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1798 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1801 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1802 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1804 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1805 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1807 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1808 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1809 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1810 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1811 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1812 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1814 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1815 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1821 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1822 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1823 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1825 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1826 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1827 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1829 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1830 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1831 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1834 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1845 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1847 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1852 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1854 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1862 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1867 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1868 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1869 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1870 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1871 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1872 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1874 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1877 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1878 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1879 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1880 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1881 /* We look for substitution for
1882 * comparison operations and
1884 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1885 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1886 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1896 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1903 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1905 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1910 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1931 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1934 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1935 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1936 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1937 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1938 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
1939 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
1943 if (off==-1) off=method;
1944 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1945 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1946 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1947 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1949 "in overloaded package ":
1950 "has no overloaded magic",
1952 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1955 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1958 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1960 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1962 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1963 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1965 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
1969 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1974 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1975 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1977 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1979 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1980 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1981 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1982 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1983 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1984 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1985 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1986 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1989 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1990 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1991 * version of copy operator
1993 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1994 * a) Assignment form was called.
1995 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1996 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1997 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1998 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1999 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
2001 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
2002 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
2004 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
2005 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
2008 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
2009 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
2011 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
2012 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
2019 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2022 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
2023 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
2024 myop.op_next = NULL;
2025 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
2027 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
2030 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
2031 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
2032 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2036 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
2037 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
2038 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
2039 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
2041 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2042 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift))));
2047 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
2055 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2062 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2065 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2068 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2071 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2074 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2077 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2080 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2082 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2087 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2089 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2091 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2099 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2101 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
2107 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
2110 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2111 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2115 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2117 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2119 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2120 created even in rvalue contexts.
2122 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2123 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2125 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2126 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2127 pointers returned by SvPV.
2132 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2134 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2135 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2138 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2141 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2145 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2149 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2152 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2153 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2155 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2156 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2159 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2160 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2163 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2164 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2166 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2169 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2170 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2183 const char *end = name + len;
2184 while (--end > name) {
2192 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2193 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2220 case '\001': /* $^A */
2221 case '\003': /* $^C */
2222 case '\004': /* $^D */
2223 case '\005': /* $^E */
2224 case '\006': /* $^F */
2225 case '\010': /* $^H */
2226 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2227 case '\014': /* $^L */
2228 case '\016': /* $^N */
2229 case '\017': /* $^O */
2230 case '\020': /* $^P */
2231 case '\023': /* $^S */
2232 case '\024': /* $^T */
2233 case '\026': /* $^V */
2234 case '\027': /* $^W */
2254 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2260 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2263 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2265 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2266 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2269 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2270 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2275 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2277 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2280 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: