3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
37 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
38 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
41 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
43 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
45 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
46 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
54 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
56 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
57 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
64 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
66 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
67 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
74 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
77 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
80 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
81 * this is a dirhandle.
83 const char *fh = PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
84 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
88 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
89 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
93 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
95 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
104 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
115 tmplen = strlen(name) + 2;
116 if (tmplen < sizeof smallbuf)
119 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen + 1, char);
120 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
123 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, tmplen - 1);
124 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
126 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
127 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
128 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, tmplen - 2);
130 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, tmplen - 2);
133 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
135 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
141 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
143 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
144 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
145 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
152 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
154 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
155 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
156 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
160 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
164 const bool doproto = SvTYPE(gv) > SVt_NULL;
165 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
166 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
168 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
171 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
172 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
178 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
179 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
185 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
192 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
195 GvGP(gv) = gp_ref(gp);
196 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
201 GvLINE(gv) = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
202 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
204 GvFILE(gv) = CopFILE(PL_curcop) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : (char *) "";
207 sv_magic((SV*)gv, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_glob, NULL, 0);
211 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
212 GvNAME(gv) = savepvn(name, len);
214 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
216 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
220 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
221 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
223 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
224 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
225 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
231 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
232 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
234 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
241 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
253 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
266 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
268 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
269 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
270 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
272 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
273 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
274 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
275 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
277 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
278 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
279 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
280 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
281 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
287 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
297 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
299 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
300 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE)))
304 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
307 "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
309 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
310 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
313 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
315 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
320 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
321 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
322 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
323 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
324 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
326 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
328 GvCV(topgv) = cv = NULL;
331 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
332 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
335 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", FALSE);
336 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) ? GvAV(gv) : NULL;
338 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
339 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
340 STRLEN packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
342 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
346 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, TRUE);
347 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(basestash, "ISA", FALSE);
348 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
349 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
350 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
351 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", hvname);
352 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
353 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
354 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
355 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc(av);
361 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
362 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
363 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
365 SV* const sv = *svp++;
366 HV* const basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, FALSE);
368 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
369 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
373 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
374 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
380 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
382 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
383 HV* const lastchance = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE);
386 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
387 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
391 * Cache method in topgv if:
392 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
393 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
396 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
398 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
400 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
402 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
403 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
407 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
408 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
409 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
418 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
420 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
421 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
423 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
424 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
425 of the result may be zero.
431 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
433 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
440 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
441 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
443 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
446 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
448 /* Have an autoload */
449 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
450 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
451 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
460 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
462 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
463 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
464 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
467 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
468 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
469 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
470 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
471 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
473 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
474 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
475 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
476 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
477 created via a side effect to do this.
479 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
480 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
481 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
482 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
488 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
491 register const char *nend;
492 const char *nsplit = NULL;
496 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
499 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
502 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
506 const char * const origname = name;
510 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
511 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
512 SV *tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
513 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
514 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
515 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), TRUE);
516 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
517 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
520 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
521 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, FALSE);
523 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
524 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
525 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
526 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
527 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, FALSE))
528 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, TRUE);
533 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
535 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
536 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
538 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
541 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
542 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
550 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
553 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
554 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
564 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
572 const char *packname = "";
575 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
578 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
579 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
583 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
584 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
587 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
591 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
595 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
597 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
598 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
600 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
601 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
602 packname, (int)len, name);
605 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
606 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
607 * and split that value on the last '::',
608 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
611 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
617 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
618 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
619 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
620 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
622 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
623 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
627 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
628 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
629 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
633 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
634 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
635 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
636 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
637 SvTAINTED_off(varsv);
641 /* The "gv" parameter should be the glob known to Perl code as *!
642 * The scalar must already have been magicalized.
645 S_require_errno(pTHX_ GV *gv)
648 HV* stash = gv_stashpvs("Errno", FALSE);
650 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH"))) {
654 save_scalar(gv); /* keep the value of $! */
655 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
656 newSVpvs("Errno"), NULL);
659 stash = gv_stashpvs("Errno", FALSE);
660 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH")))
661 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available");
666 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
668 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
669 be a valid UTF-8 string and must be null-terminated. If C<create> is set
670 then the package will be created if it does not already exist. If C<create>
671 is not set and the package does not exist then NULL is returned.
677 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
679 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
683 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
685 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
686 be a valid UTF-8 string. The C<namelen> parameter indicates the length of
687 the C<name>, in bytes. If C<create> is set then the package will be
688 created if it does not already exist. If C<create> is not set and the
689 package does not exist then NULL is returned.
695 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 create)
702 if (namelen + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
705 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 3, char);
706 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
707 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
708 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
709 tmpbuf[namelen] = '\0';
710 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, create, SVt_PVHV);
711 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
716 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
718 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
719 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
724 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
726 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, which must be a
727 valid UTF-8 string. See C<gv_stashpv>.
733 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 create)
736 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
737 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, create);
742 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
743 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
747 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
749 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
750 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
754 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
758 register const char *name = nambeg;
759 register GV *gv = NULL;
762 register const char *name_cursor;
764 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
765 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
767 flags & ~SVf_UTF8 & ~GV_NOADD_NOINIT & ~GV_NOEXPAND & ~GV_NOTQUAL;
768 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
769 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
771 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
772 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
777 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
778 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
782 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
783 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
784 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
785 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
789 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
792 len = name_cursor - name;
797 if (len + 3 < sizeof (smallbuf))
800 Newx(tmpbuf, len+3, char);
801 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
805 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
806 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
807 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
808 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
809 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
813 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
815 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
818 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
819 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
821 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
822 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
825 if (*name_cursor == ':')
829 if (name == name_end)
830 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
833 len = name_cursor - name;
835 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
839 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
848 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
849 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
850 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
854 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
859 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
860 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
864 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
865 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
866 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
870 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
871 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
879 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
881 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
882 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
883 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
884 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
885 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
886 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
887 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
889 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
891 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
892 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
896 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
897 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
898 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
900 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
901 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
902 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
905 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
911 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
917 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
921 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
922 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
923 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
924 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
925 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
927 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
930 stash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
936 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
939 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
940 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
943 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
946 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
947 if (*name=='!' && sv_type == SVt_PVHV && len==1)
951 } else if (no_init) {
953 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
957 /* Adding a new symbol */
959 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
960 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
961 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
962 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
964 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
965 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
968 /* set up magic where warranted */
973 /* Nothing else to do.
974 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
975 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
976 the common case of lower case variable names. */
980 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
983 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
984 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
988 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
992 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
993 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
995 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
996 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
997 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
998 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1001 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1002 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1003 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1004 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, TRUE);
1005 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1006 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1007 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1008 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1009 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1010 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1015 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1016 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1018 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1022 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1026 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1027 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1028 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1032 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1033 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1034 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1036 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1038 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1039 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1044 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1047 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1048 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1051 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1052 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1055 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1056 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1059 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1060 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1063 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1064 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1066 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1069 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1070 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1083 /* ensures variable is only digits */
1084 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
1085 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
1086 const char *end = name + len;
1087 while (--end > name) {
1088 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1095 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1096 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1102 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1103 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1104 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1105 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1108 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1112 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1116 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1117 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1123 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm.
1124 The require will itself set errno, so in order to
1125 preserve its value we have to set up the magic
1126 now (rather than going to magicalize)
1129 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1131 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1137 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1138 sv_magic((SV*)av, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1144 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1145 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1146 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1149 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1154 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1155 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)av, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1159 case '\023': /* $^S */
1170 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1185 case '\001': /* $^A */
1186 case '\003': /* $^C */
1187 case '\004': /* $^D */
1188 case '\005': /* $^E */
1189 case '\006': /* $^F */
1190 case '\010': /* $^H */
1191 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1192 case '\016': /* $^N */
1193 case '\017': /* $^O */
1194 case '\020': /* $^P */
1195 case '\024': /* $^T */
1196 case '\027': /* $^W */
1198 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1201 case '\014': /* $^L */
1202 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1203 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1206 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1210 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1211 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1212 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
1213 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1214 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1218 case '\026': /* $^V */
1220 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1221 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1222 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1232 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1236 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1241 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1243 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1245 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1251 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1252 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1255 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1259 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1261 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1262 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1270 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV(0);
1272 sv_upgrade((SV *)io,SVt_PVIO);
1273 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1274 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1276 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1278 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1279 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1280 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1281 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1282 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1283 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1284 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1289 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1294 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1296 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1298 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1301 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1302 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1304 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1305 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1307 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1309 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1310 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1313 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1314 * module, don't bother warning */
1315 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1316 # define LIB_COMPONENT ":lib:"
1318 # define LIB_COMPONENT "/lib/"
1321 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1322 && (instr(file, LIB_COMPONENT) || instr(file, ".pm")))
1326 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1328 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1330 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1332 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1333 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1334 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1341 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1344 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1348 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1351 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1359 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1360 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1365 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1366 PL_sub_generation++;
1373 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1378 if (!gv || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1380 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1381 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1382 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1383 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1384 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1388 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1389 PL_sub_generation++;
1391 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1392 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1397 if (gp->gp_sv) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1398 if (gp->gp_av) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1399 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1400 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1401 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1402 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1403 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1404 hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1406 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1408 if (gp->gp_io) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1409 if (gp->gp_cv) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1410 if (gp->gp_form) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1417 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1419 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1420 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1422 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1424 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1425 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1427 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1428 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1435 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1438 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1441 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1442 AMT * const amtp = (mg) ? (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr: (AMT *) NULL;
1445 if (mg && amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1446 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation)
1447 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1448 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1450 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1453 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1454 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1455 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1459 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1462 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1464 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1465 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1466 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1470 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1471 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1473 /*EMPTY*/; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1476 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1477 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1479 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1481 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1482 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1483 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1484 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1485 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1486 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1487 const STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1489 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1490 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1491 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1492 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1493 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1494 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1495 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1496 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1497 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1498 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1499 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1500 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1501 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1503 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1505 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1506 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1507 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1508 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1509 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1511 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1513 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1514 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1515 GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1516 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1517 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1520 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1521 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1522 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1523 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1524 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1528 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1530 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1531 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1532 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1534 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1536 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1540 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(cv);
1543 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1545 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1546 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1547 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1551 /* Here we have no table: */
1553 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1554 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1555 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1561 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1567 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1569 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1573 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1575 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1576 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1577 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1579 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1580 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1581 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1582 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1583 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1584 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1585 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1586 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1599 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1604 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1605 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1606 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1607 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1608 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1609 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1614 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1615 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1616 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1617 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1618 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1620 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1621 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1627 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1628 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1630 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1633 /* look for substituted methods */
1634 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1638 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1639 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1640 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1645 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1646 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1647 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1651 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1654 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1657 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1660 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1661 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1662 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1668 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1671 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1672 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1674 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1675 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1677 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1678 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1679 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1685 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1686 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1687 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1689 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1690 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1691 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1693 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1694 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1695 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1698 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1709 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1711 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1716 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1718 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1726 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1731 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1732 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1733 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1734 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1735 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1736 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1738 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1741 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1742 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1743 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1744 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1745 /* We look for substitution for
1746 * comparison operations and
1748 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1749 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1750 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1760 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1767 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1769 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1774 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1782 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1785 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1786 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1787 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1788 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1791 if (off==-1) off=method;
1792 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1793 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1794 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1795 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1797 "in overloaded package ":
1798 "has no overloaded magic",
1800 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1803 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1806 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1808 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1810 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1811 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1813 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, msg);
1817 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1822 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1823 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1825 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1827 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1828 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1829 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1830 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1831 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1832 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1833 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1834 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1837 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1838 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1839 * version of copy operator
1841 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1842 * a) Assignment form was called.
1843 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1844 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1845 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1846 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1847 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1849 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1850 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1852 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1853 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1856 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1857 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1859 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1860 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1867 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1870 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1871 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1872 myop.op_next = Nullop;
1873 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1875 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1878 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1879 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1880 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
1884 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
1885 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
1886 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
1887 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
1889 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
1894 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
1902 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
1909 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
1912 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
1915 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
1918 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
1921 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
1924 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
1927 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
1929 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
1934 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
1936 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
1938 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
1946 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
1948 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
1954 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
1957 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
1958 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
1962 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
1964 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
1966 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
1967 created even in rvalue contexts.
1969 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
1970 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
1972 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
1973 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
1974 pointers returned by SvPV.
1979 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1981 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
1984 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
1987 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
1991 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
1995 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
1998 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
1999 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2001 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2002 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2005 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2006 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2009 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2010 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2012 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2015 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2016 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2029 const char *end = name + len;
2030 while (--end > name) {
2038 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2039 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2066 case '\001': /* $^A */
2067 case '\003': /* $^C */
2068 case '\004': /* $^D */
2069 case '\005': /* $^E */
2070 case '\006': /* $^F */
2071 case '\010': /* $^H */
2072 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2073 case '\014': /* $^L */
2074 case '\016': /* $^N */
2075 case '\017': /* $^O */
2076 case '\020': /* $^P */
2077 case '\023': /* $^S */
2078 case '\024': /* $^T */
2079 case '\026': /* $^V */
2080 case '\027': /* $^W */
2101 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2103 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2106 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: