3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
37 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
38 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
41 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
43 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
45 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
46 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
54 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
56 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
57 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
64 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
66 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
67 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
74 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
77 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
80 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
81 * this is a dirhandle.
83 const char * const fh =
84 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
88 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
89 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
90 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
94 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
96 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
105 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
107 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
111 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
117 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
120 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
125 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
128 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
129 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
132 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
133 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
135 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
136 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
137 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
139 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
142 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
144 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
150 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
152 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
153 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
154 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
161 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
163 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
164 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
165 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
169 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
172 const char *const file
173 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
174 STRLEN len = strlen(file);
177 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
181 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
182 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
185 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
186 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
188 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
196 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
199 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
200 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
201 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
202 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
203 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
205 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
208 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
209 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
215 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
216 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
224 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
225 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
227 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
235 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
240 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
243 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
244 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
245 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
247 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
250 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
251 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
252 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
253 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
254 from a reference to CV. */
255 if (exported_constant)
256 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
258 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
259 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
260 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
266 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
267 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
269 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
276 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
288 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
301 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
303 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
304 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
305 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
307 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
308 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
309 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
310 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
312 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
313 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
314 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
315 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
316 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
322 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
331 HV* lastchance = NULL;
333 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
335 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
336 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
340 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
343 "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
345 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
346 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
349 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
351 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
356 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
357 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
358 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
359 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
360 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
362 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
364 GvCV(topgv) = cv = NULL;
367 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
368 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
371 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", FALSE);
372 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) ? GvAV(gv) : NULL;
374 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
375 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
376 STRLEN packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
378 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
382 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, GV_ADD);
383 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(basestash, "ISA", FALSE);
384 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
385 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
386 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
387 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", hvname);
388 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
389 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
390 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
391 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(av);
397 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
398 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
399 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
401 SV* const sv = *svp++;
402 HV* const basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, 0);
404 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
405 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
409 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
410 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
416 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
418 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
419 lastchance = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0);
422 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
423 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
427 * Cache method in topgv if:
428 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
429 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
432 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
434 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
436 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
438 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
439 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
443 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
444 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
445 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
454 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
456 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
457 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
459 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
460 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
461 of the result may be zero.
467 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
469 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
476 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
477 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
479 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
482 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
484 /* Have an autoload */
485 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
486 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
487 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
496 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
498 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
499 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
500 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
503 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
504 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
505 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
506 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
507 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
509 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
510 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
511 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
512 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
513 created via a side effect to do this.
515 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
516 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
517 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
518 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
524 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
527 register const char *nend;
528 const char *nsplit = NULL;
532 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
535 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
538 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
542 const char * const origname = name;
546 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
547 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
548 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
549 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
550 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
551 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), GV_ADD);
552 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
553 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
556 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
557 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, 0);
559 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
560 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
561 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
562 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
563 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, 0))
564 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, GV_ADD);
569 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
571 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
572 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
574 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
577 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
578 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
586 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
589 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
590 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
600 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
608 const char *packname = "";
609 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
611 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
614 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
615 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
619 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
620 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
623 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
627 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
631 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
633 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
634 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
636 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
637 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
638 packname, (int)len, name);
641 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
642 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
643 * and split that value on the last '::',
644 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
647 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
653 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
654 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
655 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
656 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
658 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
659 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
663 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
664 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
665 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
669 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
670 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
671 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
672 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
677 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
678 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
680 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
681 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages
682 * "namesv" holds the module name
683 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
684 * are working reasonably close to as expected
685 * "flags" if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
686 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
687 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
690 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
693 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
695 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
696 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
702 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
705 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
707 Perl_croak( aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%s because %"SVf" is not available",
708 varpv, SVfARG(module));
709 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
710 Perl_croak( aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%s because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
711 varpv, SVfARG(module), methpv);
717 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
719 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
720 determine the length of C<name, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
726 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
728 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
732 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
734 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
735 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
736 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
737 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
738 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
746 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
753 if (namelen + 2 <= sizeof smallbuf)
756 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 2, char);
757 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
758 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
759 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
760 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
761 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
766 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
768 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
769 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
774 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
776 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
782 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
785 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
786 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags);
791 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
792 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
796 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
798 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
799 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
803 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
807 register const char *name = nambeg;
808 register GV *gv = NULL;
811 register const char *name_cursor;
813 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
814 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
815 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
816 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
817 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
819 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
820 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
825 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
826 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
830 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
831 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
832 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
833 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
837 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
840 len = name_cursor - name;
845 if (len + 2 <= (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
848 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
849 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
852 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
853 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
854 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
855 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
856 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
860 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
862 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
865 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
866 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
868 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
869 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
872 if (*name_cursor == ':')
876 if (name == name_end)
877 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
880 len = name_cursor - name;
882 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
886 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
895 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
896 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
897 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
901 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
906 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
907 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
911 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
912 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
913 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
917 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
918 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
926 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
928 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
929 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
930 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
931 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
932 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
933 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
934 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
936 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
938 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
939 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
943 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
944 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
945 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
947 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
948 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
949 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
952 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
958 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
964 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
968 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
969 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
970 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
971 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
972 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
975 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
978 gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
980 /* symbol table under destruction */
989 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
992 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
993 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
996 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
999 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1000 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && len == 1 ) {
1002 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1004 if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1005 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("re::Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "FETCH", 0);
1010 } else if (no_init) {
1012 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1016 /* Adding a new symbol */
1018 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1019 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1020 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1021 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1023 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1024 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1027 /* set up magic where warranted */
1032 /* Nothing else to do.
1033 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1034 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1035 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1039 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1042 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1043 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1045 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1050 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1054 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1055 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1057 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1058 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1059 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1060 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1063 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1064 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1065 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1066 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, GV_ADD);
1067 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1068 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1069 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1070 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1071 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1072 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1077 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1078 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1080 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1084 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1088 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1089 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1090 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1094 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1095 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1096 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1098 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1100 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1101 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1106 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1109 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1110 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1113 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1114 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1117 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1118 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1120 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1121 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1124 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1125 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1127 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1128 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1131 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1132 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1134 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1136 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1139 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1140 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1153 /* ensures variable is only digits */
1154 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
1155 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
1156 const char *end = name + len;
1157 while (--end > name) {
1158 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1165 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1166 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1172 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1173 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1174 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1175 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1178 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1182 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1186 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1187 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1193 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1195 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1197 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1198 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1199 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1204 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1206 bool plus = (*name == '+');
1207 SV *stashname = newSVpvs("re::Tie::Hash::NamedCapture");
1208 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1209 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1210 HV *const hv_tie = newHV();
1211 SV *tie = newRV_noinc((SV*)hv_tie);
1213 sv_bless(tie, gv_stashsv(stashname,GV_ADD));
1214 hv_magic(hv, (GV*)tie, PERL_MAGIC_tied);
1215 sv_magic((SV*)av, (plus ? (SV*)av : NULL), PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1216 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1219 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1221 Perl_hv_store(aTHX_ hv_tie, STR_WITH_LEN("all"), newSViv(1), 0);
1227 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1228 require_tie_mod(gv, name, stashname, "FETCH", 0);
1234 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1235 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1236 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1239 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1242 case '\010': /* $^H */
1244 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1245 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1248 case '\023': /* $^S */
1259 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1274 case '\001': /* $^A */
1275 case '\003': /* $^C */
1276 case '\004': /* $^D */
1277 case '\005': /* $^E */
1278 case '\006': /* $^F */
1279 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1280 case '\016': /* $^N */
1281 case '\017': /* $^O */
1282 case '\020': /* $^P */
1283 case '\024': /* $^T */
1284 case '\027': /* $^W */
1286 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1289 case '\014': /* $^L */
1290 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1291 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1294 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1298 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1299 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1300 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
1301 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1302 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1306 case '\026': /* $^V */
1308 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1309 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1310 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1320 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1324 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1329 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1331 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1333 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1339 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1340 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1343 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1347 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1349 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1350 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1358 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV(0);
1360 sv_upgrade((SV *)io,SVt_PVIO);
1361 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1362 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1364 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1366 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1367 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1368 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1369 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1370 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1371 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1372 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1377 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1382 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1384 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1386 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1389 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1390 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1392 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1393 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1395 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1397 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1398 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1401 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1402 * module, don't bother warning */
1403 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1404 # define LIB_COMPONENT ":lib:"
1406 # define LIB_COMPONENT "/lib/"
1409 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1410 && (instr(file, LIB_COMPONENT) || instr(file, ".pm")))
1414 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1416 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1418 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1420 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1421 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1422 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1429 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1432 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1436 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1439 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1447 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1448 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1453 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1454 PL_sub_generation++;
1461 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1466 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1468 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1469 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1470 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1471 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1472 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1476 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1477 PL_sub_generation++;
1479 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1480 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1486 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1487 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1488 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1489 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1490 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1491 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1492 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1493 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1494 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1495 hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1497 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1499 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1500 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1501 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1508 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1510 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1511 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1513 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1515 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1516 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1518 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1519 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1526 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1529 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1532 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1536 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1537 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1538 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation) {
1539 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1541 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1544 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1547 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1548 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1549 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1553 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1556 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1558 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1559 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1560 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1564 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1565 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1567 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1570 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1571 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1573 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1575 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1576 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1577 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1578 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1579 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1580 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1581 const STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1583 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1584 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1585 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1586 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1587 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1588 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1589 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1590 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1591 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1592 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1593 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1594 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1595 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1597 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1599 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1600 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1601 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1602 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1603 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1605 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1607 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1608 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1609 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1610 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1611 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1614 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1615 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1616 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1617 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1618 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1622 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1624 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1625 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1626 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1628 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1630 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1634 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1637 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1639 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1640 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1641 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1645 /* Here we have no table: */
1647 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1648 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1649 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1655 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1661 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1663 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1667 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1670 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1671 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1672 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1674 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1675 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1676 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1677 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1678 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1679 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1680 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1681 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1694 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1699 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1700 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1701 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1702 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1703 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1704 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1709 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1710 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1711 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1712 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1713 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1715 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1716 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1722 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1723 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1725 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1728 /* look for substituted methods */
1729 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1733 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1734 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1735 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1740 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1741 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1742 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1746 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1749 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1752 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1755 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1756 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1757 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1763 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1766 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1767 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1769 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1770 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1772 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1773 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1774 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1775 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1776 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1777 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1779 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1780 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1786 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1787 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1788 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1790 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1791 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1792 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1794 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1795 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1796 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1799 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1810 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1812 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1817 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1819 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1827 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1832 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1833 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1834 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1835 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1836 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1837 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1839 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1842 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1843 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1844 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1845 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1846 /* We look for substitution for
1847 * comparison operations and
1849 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1850 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1851 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1861 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1868 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1870 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1875 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1883 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1886 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1887 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1888 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1889 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1890 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
1891 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
1895 if (off==-1) off=method;
1896 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1897 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1898 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1899 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1901 "in overloaded package ":
1902 "has no overloaded magic",
1904 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1907 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1910 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1912 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1914 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1915 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1917 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
1921 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1926 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1927 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1929 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1931 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1932 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1933 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1934 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1935 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1936 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1937 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1938 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1941 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1942 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1943 * version of copy operator
1945 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1946 * a) Assignment form was called.
1947 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1948 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1949 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1950 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1951 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1953 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1954 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1956 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1957 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1960 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1961 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1963 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1964 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1971 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1974 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1975 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1976 myop.op_next = NULL;
1977 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1979 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1982 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1983 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1984 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
1988 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
1989 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
1990 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
1991 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
1993 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
1998 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
2006 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2013 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2016 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2019 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2022 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2025 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2028 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2031 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2033 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2038 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2040 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2042 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2050 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2052 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
2058 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
2061 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2062 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2066 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2068 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2070 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2071 created even in rvalue contexts.
2073 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2074 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2076 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2077 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2078 pointers returned by SvPV.
2083 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2085 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2086 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2089 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2092 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2096 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2100 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2103 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2104 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2106 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2107 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2110 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2111 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2114 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2115 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2117 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2120 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2121 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2134 const char *end = name + len;
2135 while (--end > name) {
2143 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2144 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2171 case '\001': /* $^A */
2172 case '\003': /* $^C */
2173 case '\004': /* $^D */
2174 case '\005': /* $^E */
2175 case '\006': /* $^F */
2176 case '\010': /* $^H */
2177 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2178 case '\014': /* $^L */
2179 case '\016': /* $^N */
2180 case '\017': /* $^O */
2181 case '\020': /* $^P */
2182 case '\023': /* $^S */
2183 case '\024': /* $^T */
2184 case '\026': /* $^V */
2185 case '\027': /* $^W */
2205 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2211 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2214 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2216 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2217 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2220 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2221 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2226 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2228 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2231 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: