3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
38 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
39 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
42 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
44 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
46 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
47 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
55 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
57 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
58 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
65 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
67 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
68 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
75 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
78 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
81 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
82 * this is a dirhandle.
84 const char * const fh =
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
88 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
89 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
90 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
91 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
95 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
97 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
106 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
108 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
112 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
118 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
121 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
126 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
129 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
130 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
133 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
134 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
136 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
137 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
138 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
140 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
143 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
145 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
151 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
153 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
154 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
155 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
162 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
164 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
165 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
166 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
170 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
173 const char *const file
174 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
175 STRLEN len = strlen(file);
178 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
182 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
183 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
186 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
187 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
189 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
197 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
200 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
201 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
202 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
203 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
204 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
206 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
209 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
210 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
216 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
217 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
225 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
226 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
228 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
236 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
241 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
244 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
245 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
246 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
248 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
251 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
252 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
253 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
254 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
255 from a reference to CV. */
256 if (exported_constant)
257 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
259 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
260 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
264 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* sub Foo::bar($) { (shift) } sub ASDF::baz($); *ASDF::baz = \&Foo::bar */
266 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
267 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
269 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
276 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
288 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
296 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
297 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
305 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
307 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
308 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
309 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
311 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
312 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
313 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
314 up caching info for this glob.
316 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
317 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
318 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
319 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
320 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
325 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
328 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
336 GV* candidate = NULL;
341 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
346 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
348 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
349 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
355 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
357 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
362 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
364 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
366 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
367 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, create);
371 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
372 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
373 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
374 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
375 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
379 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
380 SvREFCNT_dec(cand_cv);
381 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv = NULL;
385 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
386 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
391 packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
392 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
395 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, GV_ADD);
396 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(basestash);
399 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
402 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
403 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
405 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
407 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
410 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
411 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
412 SVfARG(linear_sv), hvname);
418 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, len, 0);
422 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV) gv_init(candidate, cstash, name, len, TRUE);
423 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
425 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
426 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
427 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
429 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
430 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
431 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
432 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
433 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
439 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
440 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
441 candidate = gv_fetchmeth(NULL, name, len, 1);
443 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
444 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
445 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
446 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
447 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
448 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
454 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
455 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
456 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
463 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
465 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
466 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
468 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
469 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
470 of the result may be zero.
476 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
478 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
485 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
486 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
488 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
491 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
493 /* Have an autoload */
494 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
495 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
496 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
505 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
507 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
508 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
509 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
512 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
513 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
514 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
515 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
516 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
518 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
519 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
520 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
521 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
522 created via a side effect to do this.
524 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
525 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
526 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
527 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
533 S_gv_get_super_pkg(pTHX_ const char* name, I32 namelen)
540 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, 0);
541 if(stash) return stash;
543 /* If we must create it, give it an @ISA array containing
544 the real package this SUPER is for, so that it's tied
545 into the cache invalidation code correctly */
546 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, GV_ADD);
547 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
549 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
550 superisa = GvAVn(gv);
552 sv_magic((SV*)superisa, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
553 av_push(superisa, newSVpv(CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop), 0));
559 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
562 register const char *nend;
563 const char *nsplit = NULL;
567 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
570 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
573 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
577 const char * const origname = name;
581 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
582 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
583 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
584 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
585 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
586 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr));
587 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
588 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
591 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
592 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, 0);
594 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
595 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
596 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
597 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
598 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, 0))
599 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(origname, nsplit - origname);
604 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
606 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
607 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
609 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
612 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
613 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
621 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
624 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
625 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
635 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
643 const char *packname = "";
644 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
646 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
649 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
650 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
654 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
655 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
658 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
662 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
666 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
668 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
669 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
671 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
672 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
673 packname, (int)len, name);
676 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
677 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
678 * and split that value on the last '::',
679 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
682 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
688 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
689 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
690 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
691 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
693 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
694 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
698 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
699 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
700 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
704 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
705 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
706 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
707 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
712 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
713 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
715 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
716 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
717 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
718 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
719 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
720 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
721 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
722 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
725 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
728 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
730 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
731 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
732 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
733 so save it. For the moment it's always
739 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
740 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
744 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
746 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" is not available",
747 varname, SVfARG(namesv));
748 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
749 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
750 varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
752 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
757 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
759 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
760 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
766 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
768 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
772 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
774 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
775 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
776 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
777 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
778 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
786 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
793 if (namelen + 2 <= sizeof smallbuf)
796 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 2, char);
797 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
798 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
799 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
800 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
801 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
806 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
808 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
809 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
814 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
816 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
822 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
825 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
826 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags);
831 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
832 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
836 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
838 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
839 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
843 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
847 register const char *name = nambeg;
848 register GV *gv = NULL;
851 register const char *name_cursor;
853 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
854 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
855 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
856 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
857 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
859 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
860 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
865 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
866 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
870 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
871 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
872 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
873 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
877 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
880 len = name_cursor - name;
885 if (len + 2 <= (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
888 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
889 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
892 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
893 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
894 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
895 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
896 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
900 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
902 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
905 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
906 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
908 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
909 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
912 if (*name_cursor == ':')
916 if (name == name_end)
917 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
920 len = name_cursor - name;
922 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
926 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
935 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
936 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
937 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
941 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
946 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
947 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
951 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
952 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
953 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
957 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
958 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
966 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
968 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
969 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
970 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
971 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
972 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
973 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
974 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
976 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
978 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
979 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
983 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
984 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
985 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
987 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
988 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
989 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
992 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
998 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1001 stash = PL_defstash;
1004 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
1008 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
1009 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
1010 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1011 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1012 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1015 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
1018 gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1020 /* symbol table under destruction */
1029 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1032 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
1033 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
1036 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1039 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1040 if (len == 1 && (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)) {
1042 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1043 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1044 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1048 } else if (no_init) {
1050 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1054 /* Adding a new symbol */
1056 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1057 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1058 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1059 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1061 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1062 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1065 /* set up magic where warranted */
1070 /* Nothing else to do.
1071 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1072 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1073 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1077 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1080 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1081 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1083 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1088 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1092 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1093 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1095 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1096 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1097 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1098 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1101 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1102 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1103 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1104 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, GV_ADD);
1105 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1106 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1107 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1108 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1109 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1110 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1115 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1116 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1118 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1122 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1126 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1127 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1128 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1132 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1133 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1134 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1136 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1138 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1139 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1144 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1147 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1148 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1151 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1152 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1155 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1156 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1158 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1159 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1162 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1163 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1165 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1166 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1169 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1170 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1172 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1174 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1177 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1178 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1191 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1193 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1194 const char *end = name + len;
1195 while (--end > name) {
1196 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1203 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1204 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1210 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1211 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1212 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1213 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1216 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1220 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1224 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1225 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1231 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1233 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1235 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1236 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1237 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1242 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1244 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1245 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? (SV*)av : NULL;
1247 sv_magic((SV*)av, avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1248 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1250 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1253 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1254 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1260 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2_d(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1261 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1262 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1265 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1268 case '\010': /* $^H */
1270 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1271 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1274 case '\023': /* $^S */
1276 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1300 case '\001': /* $^A */
1301 case '\003': /* $^C */
1302 case '\004': /* $^D */
1303 case '\005': /* $^E */
1304 case '\006': /* $^F */
1305 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1306 case '\016': /* $^N */
1307 case '\017': /* $^O */
1308 case '\020': /* $^P */
1309 case '\024': /* $^T */
1310 case '\027': /* $^W */
1312 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1315 case '\014': /* $^L */
1316 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1317 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1320 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1324 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1325 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1326 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
1327 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1328 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1332 case '\026': /* $^V */
1334 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1335 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1336 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1346 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1350 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1355 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1357 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1359 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1365 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1366 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1369 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1373 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1375 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1376 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1384 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV_type(SVt_PVIO);
1385 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1386 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1388 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1390 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1391 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1392 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1393 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1394 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1395 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1396 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1401 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1406 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1408 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1410 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1413 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1414 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1416 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1417 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1419 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1421 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1422 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1425 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1427 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1429 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1431 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1432 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1433 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1440 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1443 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1447 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1450 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1458 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
1459 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
1460 don't infect them with our cached entry */
1461 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1470 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1475 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1477 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1478 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1479 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1480 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1481 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1484 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1485 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1491 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1492 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1493 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1494 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1495 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1496 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1497 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1498 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1499 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1500 (void)hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1502 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1504 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1505 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1506 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1513 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1515 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1516 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1518 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1520 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1521 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1523 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1524 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1531 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1534 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1537 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1539 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1542 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1544 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1545 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1546 && amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
1547 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1549 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1552 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1555 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1556 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
1557 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1561 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1564 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1566 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1567 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1568 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1572 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1573 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1575 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1578 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1579 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1581 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1583 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1584 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1585 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1586 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1587 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1588 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1589 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
1591 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1592 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1593 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1594 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1595 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1596 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1597 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1598 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1599 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1600 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1601 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1602 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1603 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1605 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1607 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1608 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1609 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1610 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1611 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1613 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1615 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1616 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1617 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1618 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1619 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1622 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1623 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1624 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1625 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1626 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1630 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1632 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1633 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1634 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1636 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1638 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1642 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1645 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1647 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1648 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1649 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1653 /* Here we have no table: */
1655 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1656 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1657 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1663 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1669 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
1671 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1674 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1675 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1677 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1681 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1684 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1685 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1686 || amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
1688 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1689 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1690 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1691 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1692 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1693 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1694 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1695 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1708 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1713 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1714 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1715 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1716 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1717 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1718 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1723 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1724 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1725 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1726 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1727 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1729 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1730 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1736 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1737 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1739 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1742 /* look for substituted methods */
1743 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1747 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1748 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1749 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1754 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1755 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1756 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1760 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1763 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1766 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1769 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1770 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1771 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1777 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1780 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1781 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1783 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1784 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1786 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1787 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1788 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1789 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1790 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1791 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1793 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1794 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1800 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1801 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1802 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1804 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1805 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1806 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1808 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1809 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1810 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1813 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1824 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1826 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1831 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1833 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1841 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1846 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1847 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1848 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1849 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1850 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1851 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1853 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1856 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1857 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1858 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1859 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1860 /* We look for substitution for
1861 * comparison operations and
1863 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1864 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1865 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1875 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1882 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1884 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1889 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1910 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1913 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1914 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1915 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1916 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1917 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
1918 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
1922 if (off==-1) off=method;
1923 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1924 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1925 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1926 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1928 "in overloaded package ":
1929 "has no overloaded magic",
1931 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1934 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1937 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1939 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1941 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1942 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1944 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
1948 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1953 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1954 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1956 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1958 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1959 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1960 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1961 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1962 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1963 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1964 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1965 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1968 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1969 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1970 * version of copy operator
1972 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1973 * a) Assignment form was called.
1974 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1975 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1976 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1977 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1978 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1980 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1981 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1983 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1984 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1987 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1988 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1990 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1991 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1998 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2001 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
2002 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
2003 myop.op_next = NULL;
2004 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
2006 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
2009 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
2010 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
2011 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2015 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
2016 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
2017 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
2018 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
2020 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
2025 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
2033 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2040 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2043 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2046 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2049 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2052 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2055 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2058 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2060 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2065 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2067 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2069 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2077 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2079 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
2085 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
2088 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2089 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2093 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2095 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2097 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2098 created even in rvalue contexts.
2100 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2101 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2103 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2104 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2105 pointers returned by SvPV.
2110 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2112 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2113 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2116 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2119 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2123 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2127 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2130 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2131 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2133 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2134 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2137 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2138 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2141 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2142 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2144 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2147 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2148 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2161 const char *end = name + len;
2162 while (--end > name) {
2170 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2171 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2198 case '\001': /* $^A */
2199 case '\003': /* $^C */
2200 case '\004': /* $^D */
2201 case '\005': /* $^E */
2202 case '\006': /* $^F */
2203 case '\010': /* $^H */
2204 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2205 case '\014': /* $^L */
2206 case '\016': /* $^N */
2207 case '\017': /* $^O */
2208 case '\020': /* $^P */
2209 case '\023': /* $^S */
2210 case '\024': /* $^T */
2211 case '\026': /* $^V */
2212 case '\027': /* $^W */
2232 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2238 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2241 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2243 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2244 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2247 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2248 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2253 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2255 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2258 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: