3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
37 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
38 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
41 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
43 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
45 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
46 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
54 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
56 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
57 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
64 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
66 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
67 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
74 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
77 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
80 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
81 * this is a dirhandle.
83 const char * const fh =
84 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
88 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
89 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
90 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
94 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
96 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
105 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
107 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
111 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
117 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
120 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
125 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
128 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
129 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
132 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
133 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
135 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
136 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
137 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
139 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
142 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
144 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
150 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
152 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
153 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
154 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
161 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
163 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
164 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
165 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
169 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
172 const char *const file
173 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
174 STRLEN len = strlen(file);
177 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
181 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
182 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
185 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
186 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
188 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
196 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
199 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
200 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
201 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
202 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
203 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
205 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
208 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
209 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
215 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
216 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
224 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
225 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
227 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
235 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
240 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
243 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
244 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
245 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
247 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
250 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
251 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
252 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
253 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
254 from a reference to CV. */
255 if (exported_constant)
256 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
258 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
259 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
263 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* sub Foo::bar($) { (shift) } sub ASDF::baz($); *ASDF::baz = \&Foo::bar */
265 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
266 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
268 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
275 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
287 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
295 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
296 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
304 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
306 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
307 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
308 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
310 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
311 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
312 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
313 up caching info for this glob.
315 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
316 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
317 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
318 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
319 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
324 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
327 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
335 GV* candidate = NULL;
340 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
345 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
347 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
348 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
354 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
356 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
361 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
363 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
365 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
366 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, create);
370 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
371 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
372 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
373 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
374 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
378 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
379 SvREFCNT_dec(cand_cv);
380 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv = NULL;
384 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
385 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
390 packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
391 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
394 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, GV_ADD);
395 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(basestash);
398 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
401 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
402 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
404 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
406 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
409 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
410 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
411 SVfARG(linear_sv), hvname);
417 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, len, 0);
421 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV) gv_init(candidate, cstash, name, len, TRUE);
422 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
424 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
425 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
426 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
428 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
429 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
430 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
431 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
432 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
438 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
439 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
440 candidate = gv_fetchmeth(NULL, name, len, 1);
442 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
443 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
444 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
445 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
446 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
447 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
453 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
454 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
455 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
462 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
464 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
465 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
467 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
468 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
469 of the result may be zero.
475 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
477 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
484 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
485 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
487 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
490 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
492 /* Have an autoload */
493 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
494 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
495 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
504 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
506 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
507 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
508 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
511 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
512 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
513 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
514 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
515 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
517 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
518 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
519 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
520 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
521 created via a side effect to do this.
523 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
524 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
525 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
526 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
532 S_gv_get_super_pkg(pTHX_ const char* name, I32 namelen)
539 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, 0);
540 if(stash) return stash;
542 /* If we must create it, give it an @ISA array containing
543 the real package this SUPER is for, so that it's tied
544 into the cache invalidation code correctly */
545 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, GV_ADD);
546 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
548 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
549 superisa = GvAVn(gv);
551 sv_magic((SV*)superisa, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
552 av_push(superisa, newSVpv(CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop), 0));
558 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
561 register const char *nend;
562 const char *nsplit = NULL;
566 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
569 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
572 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
576 const char * const origname = name;
580 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
581 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
582 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
583 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
584 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
585 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr));
586 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
587 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
590 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
591 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, 0);
593 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
594 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
595 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
596 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
597 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, 0))
598 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(origname, nsplit - origname);
603 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
605 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
606 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
608 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
611 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
612 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
620 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
623 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
624 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
634 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
642 const char *packname = "";
643 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
645 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
648 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
649 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
653 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
654 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
657 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
661 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
665 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
667 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
668 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
670 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
671 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
672 packname, (int)len, name);
675 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
676 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
677 * and split that value on the last '::',
678 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
681 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
687 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
688 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
689 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
690 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
692 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
693 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
697 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
698 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
699 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
703 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
704 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
705 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
706 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
711 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
712 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
714 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
715 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
716 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
717 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
718 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
719 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
720 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
721 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
724 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
727 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
729 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
730 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
731 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
732 so save it. For the moment it's always
738 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
739 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
743 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
745 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" is not available",
746 varname, SVfARG(namesv));
747 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
748 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
749 varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
751 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
756 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
758 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
759 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
765 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
767 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
771 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
773 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
774 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
775 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
776 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
777 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
785 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
792 if (namelen + 2 <= sizeof smallbuf)
795 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 2, char);
796 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
797 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
798 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
799 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
800 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
805 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
807 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
808 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
813 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
815 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
821 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
824 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
825 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags);
830 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
831 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
835 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
837 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
838 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
842 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
846 register const char *name = nambeg;
847 register GV *gv = NULL;
850 register const char *name_cursor;
852 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
853 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
854 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
855 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
856 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
858 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
859 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
864 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
865 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
869 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
870 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
871 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
872 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
876 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
879 len = name_cursor - name;
884 if (len + 2 <= (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
887 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
888 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
891 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
892 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
893 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
894 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
895 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
899 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
901 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
904 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
905 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
907 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
908 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
911 if (*name_cursor == ':')
915 if (name == name_end)
916 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
919 len = name_cursor - name;
921 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
925 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
934 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
935 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
936 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
940 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
945 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
946 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
950 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
951 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
952 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
956 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
957 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
965 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
967 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
968 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
969 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
970 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
971 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
972 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
973 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
975 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
977 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
978 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
982 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
983 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
984 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
986 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
987 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
988 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
991 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
997 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1000 stash = PL_defstash;
1003 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
1007 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
1008 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
1009 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1010 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1011 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1014 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
1017 gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1019 /* symbol table under destruction */
1028 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1031 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
1032 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
1035 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1038 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1039 if (len == 1 && (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)) {
1041 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1042 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1043 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1047 } else if (no_init) {
1049 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1053 /* Adding a new symbol */
1055 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1056 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1057 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1058 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1060 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1061 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1064 /* set up magic where warranted */
1069 /* Nothing else to do.
1070 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1071 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1072 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1076 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1079 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1080 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1082 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1087 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1091 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1092 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1094 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1095 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1096 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1097 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1100 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1101 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1102 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1103 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, GV_ADD);
1104 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1105 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1106 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1107 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1108 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1109 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1114 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1115 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1117 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1121 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1125 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1126 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1127 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1131 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1132 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1133 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1135 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1137 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1138 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1143 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1146 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1147 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1150 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1151 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1154 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1155 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1157 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1158 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1161 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1162 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1164 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1165 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1168 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1169 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1171 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1173 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1176 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1177 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1190 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1192 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1193 const char *end = name + len;
1194 while (--end > name) {
1195 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1202 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1203 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1209 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1210 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1211 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1212 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1215 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1219 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1223 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1224 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1230 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1232 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1234 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1235 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1236 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1241 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1243 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1244 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? (SV*)av : NULL;
1246 sv_magic((SV*)av, avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1247 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1249 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1252 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1253 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1259 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2_d(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1260 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1261 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1264 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1267 case '\010': /* $^H */
1269 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1270 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1273 case '\023': /* $^S */
1275 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1299 case '\001': /* $^A */
1300 case '\003': /* $^C */
1301 case '\004': /* $^D */
1302 case '\005': /* $^E */
1303 case '\006': /* $^F */
1304 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1305 case '\016': /* $^N */
1306 case '\017': /* $^O */
1307 case '\020': /* $^P */
1308 case '\024': /* $^T */
1309 case '\027': /* $^W */
1311 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1314 case '\014': /* $^L */
1315 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1316 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1319 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1323 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1324 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1325 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
1326 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1327 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1331 case '\026': /* $^V */
1333 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1334 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1335 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1345 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1349 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1354 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1356 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1358 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1364 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1365 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1368 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1372 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1374 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1375 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1383 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV_type(SVt_PVIO);
1384 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1385 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1387 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1389 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1390 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1391 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1392 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1393 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1394 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1395 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1400 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1405 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1407 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1409 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1412 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1413 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1415 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1416 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1418 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1420 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1421 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1424 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1426 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1428 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1430 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1431 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1432 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1439 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1442 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1446 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1449 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1457 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
1458 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
1459 don't infect them with our cached entry */
1460 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1469 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1474 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1476 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1477 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1478 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1479 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1480 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1483 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1484 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1490 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1491 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1492 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1493 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1494 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1495 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1496 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1497 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1498 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1499 (void)hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1501 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1503 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1504 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1505 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1512 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1514 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1515 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1517 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1519 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1520 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1522 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1523 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1530 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1533 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1536 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1538 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1541 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1543 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1544 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1545 && amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
1546 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1548 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1551 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1554 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1555 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
1556 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1560 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1563 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1565 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1566 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1567 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1571 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1572 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1574 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1577 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1578 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1580 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1582 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1583 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1584 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1585 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1586 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1587 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1588 const STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1590 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1591 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1592 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1593 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1594 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1595 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1596 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1597 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1598 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1599 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1600 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1601 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1602 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1604 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1606 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1607 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1608 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1609 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1610 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1612 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1614 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1615 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1616 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1617 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1618 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1621 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1622 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1623 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1624 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1625 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1629 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1631 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1632 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1633 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1635 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1637 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1641 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1644 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1646 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1647 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1648 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1652 /* Here we have no table: */
1654 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1655 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1656 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1662 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1668 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
1670 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1673 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1674 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1676 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1680 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1683 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1684 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1685 || amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
1687 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1688 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1689 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1690 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1691 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1692 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1693 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1694 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1707 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1712 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1713 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1714 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1715 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1716 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1717 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1722 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1723 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1724 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1725 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1726 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1728 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1729 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1735 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1736 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1738 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1741 /* look for substituted methods */
1742 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1746 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1747 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1748 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1753 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1754 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1755 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1759 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1762 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1765 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1768 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1769 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1770 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1776 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1779 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1780 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1782 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1783 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1785 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1786 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1787 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1788 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1789 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1790 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1792 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1793 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1799 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1800 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1801 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1803 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1804 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1805 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1807 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1808 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1809 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1812 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1823 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1825 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1830 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1832 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1840 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1845 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1846 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1847 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1848 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1849 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1850 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1852 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1855 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1856 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1857 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1858 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1859 /* We look for substitution for
1860 * comparison operations and
1862 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1863 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1864 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1874 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1881 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1883 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1888 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1909 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1912 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1913 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1914 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1915 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1916 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
1917 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
1921 if (off==-1) off=method;
1922 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1923 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1924 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1925 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1927 "in overloaded package ":
1928 "has no overloaded magic",
1930 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1933 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1936 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1938 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1940 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1941 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1943 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
1947 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1952 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1953 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1955 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1957 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1958 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1959 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1960 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1961 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1962 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1963 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1964 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1967 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1968 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1969 * version of copy operator
1971 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1972 * a) Assignment form was called.
1973 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1974 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1975 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1976 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1977 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1979 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1980 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1982 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1983 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1986 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1987 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1989 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1990 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1997 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2000 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
2001 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
2002 myop.op_next = NULL;
2003 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
2005 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
2008 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
2009 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
2010 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2014 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
2015 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
2016 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
2017 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
2019 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
2024 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
2032 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2039 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2042 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2045 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2048 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2051 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2054 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2057 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2059 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2064 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2066 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2068 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2076 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2078 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
2084 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
2087 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2088 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2092 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2094 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2096 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2097 created even in rvalue contexts.
2099 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2100 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2102 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2103 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2104 pointers returned by SvPV.
2109 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2111 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2112 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2115 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2118 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2122 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2126 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2129 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2130 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2132 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2133 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2136 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2137 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2140 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2141 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2143 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2146 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2147 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2160 const char *end = name + len;
2161 while (--end > name) {
2169 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2170 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2197 case '\001': /* $^A */
2198 case '\003': /* $^C */
2199 case '\004': /* $^D */
2200 case '\005': /* $^E */
2201 case '\006': /* $^F */
2202 case '\010': /* $^H */
2203 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2204 case '\014': /* $^L */
2205 case '\016': /* $^N */
2206 case '\017': /* $^O */
2207 case '\020': /* $^P */
2208 case '\023': /* $^S */
2209 case '\024': /* $^T */
2210 case '\026': /* $^V */
2211 case '\027': /* $^W */
2231 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2237 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2240 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2242 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2243 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2246 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2247 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2252 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2254 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2257 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: