3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
37 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
38 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
41 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
43 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
45 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
46 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
54 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
56 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
57 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
64 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
66 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
67 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
74 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
77 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
80 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
81 * this is a dirhandle.
83 const char *fh = PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
84 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
88 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
89 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
93 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
95 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
104 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
115 tmplen = strlen(name) + 2;
116 if (tmplen < sizeof smallbuf)
119 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen + 1, char);
120 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
123 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, tmplen - 1);
124 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
126 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
127 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
128 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, tmplen - 2);
130 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, tmplen - 2);
133 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
135 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
141 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
143 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
144 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
145 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
152 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
154 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
155 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
156 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
160 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
164 const bool doproto = SvTYPE(gv) > SVt_NULL;
165 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
166 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
168 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
171 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
172 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
178 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
179 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
185 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
192 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
195 GvGP(gv) = gp_ref(gp);
196 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
201 GvLINE(gv) = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
202 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
204 GvFILE(gv) = CopFILE(PL_curcop) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : (char *) "";
207 sv_magic((SV*)gv, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_glob, Nullch, 0);
210 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
211 GvNAME(gv) = savepvn(name, len);
213 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
215 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
219 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
220 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
222 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
223 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
224 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
230 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
231 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
233 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
240 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
252 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
265 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
267 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
268 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
269 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
271 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
272 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
273 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
274 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
276 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
277 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
278 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
279 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
280 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
286 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
296 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
298 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
299 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE)))
303 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
306 "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
308 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
309 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
312 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
314 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
319 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
320 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
321 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
322 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
323 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
325 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
327 GvCV(topgv) = cv = Nullcv;
330 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
331 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
334 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", FALSE);
335 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) ? GvAV(gv) : NULL;
337 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
338 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
339 STRLEN packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
341 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
345 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, TRUE);
346 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(basestash, "ISA", FALSE);
347 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
348 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
349 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
350 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", hvname);
351 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
352 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
353 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
354 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc(av);
360 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
361 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
362 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
364 SV* const sv = *svp++;
365 HV* const basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, FALSE);
367 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
368 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
372 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
373 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
379 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
381 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
382 HV* const lastchance = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE);
385 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
386 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
390 * Cache method in topgv if:
391 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
392 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
395 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
397 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
399 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
401 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
402 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
406 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
407 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
408 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
417 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
419 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
420 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
422 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
423 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
424 of the result may be zero.
430 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
432 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
439 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
440 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
442 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
445 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
447 /* Have an autoload */
448 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
449 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
450 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
459 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
461 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
462 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
463 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
466 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
467 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
468 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
469 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
470 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
472 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
473 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
474 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
475 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
476 created via a side effect to do this.
478 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
479 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
480 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
481 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
487 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
490 register const char *nend;
491 const char *nsplit = NULL;
495 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
498 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
501 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
505 const char * const origname = name;
509 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
510 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
511 SV *tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
512 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
513 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
514 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), TRUE);
515 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
516 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
519 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
520 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, FALSE);
522 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
523 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
524 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
525 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
526 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, FALSE))
527 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, TRUE);
532 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
534 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
535 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
537 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
540 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
541 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
549 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
552 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
553 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
563 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
571 const char *packname = "";
574 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
577 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
578 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
582 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
583 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
586 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
590 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
594 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
596 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
597 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
599 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
600 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
601 packname, (int)len, name);
604 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
605 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
606 * and split that value on the last '::',
607 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
610 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
616 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
617 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
618 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
619 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
621 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
622 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
626 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
627 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
628 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
632 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
633 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
634 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
635 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
636 SvTAINTED_off(varsv);
640 /* The "gv" parameter should be the glob known to Perl code as *!
641 * The scalar must already have been magicalized.
644 S_require_errno(pTHX_ GV *gv)
647 HV* stash = gv_stashpvs("Errno", FALSE);
649 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH"))) {
653 save_scalar(gv); /* keep the value of $! */
654 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
655 newSVpvs("Errno"), Nullsv);
658 stash = gv_stashpvs("Errno", FALSE);
659 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH")))
660 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available");
665 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
667 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
668 be a valid UTF-8 string and must be null-terminated. If C<create> is set
669 then the package will be created if it does not already exist. If C<create>
670 is not set and the package does not exist then NULL is returned.
676 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
678 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
682 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
684 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
685 be a valid UTF-8 string. The C<namelen> parameter indicates the length of
686 the C<name>, in bytes. If C<create> is set then the package will be
687 created if it does not already exist. If C<create> is not set and the
688 package does not exist then NULL is returned.
694 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 create)
701 if (namelen + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
704 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 3, char);
705 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
706 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
707 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
708 tmpbuf[namelen] = '\0';
709 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, create, SVt_PVHV);
710 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
715 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
717 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
718 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
723 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
725 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, which must be a
726 valid UTF-8 string. See C<gv_stashpv>.
732 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 create)
735 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
736 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, create);
741 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
742 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
746 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
748 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
749 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
753 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
757 register const char *name = nambeg;
758 register GV *gv = NULL;
761 register const char *name_cursor;
763 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
764 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
765 const I32 add = flags & ~SVf_UTF8 & ~GV_NOADD_NOINIT & ~GV_NOEXPAND;
766 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
767 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
769 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
770 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
774 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
775 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
776 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
777 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
781 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
784 len = name_cursor - name;
789 if (len + 3 < sizeof (smallbuf))
792 Newx(tmpbuf, len+3, char);
793 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
797 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
798 gv = gvp ? *gvp : Nullgv;
799 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
800 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
801 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
805 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
807 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
810 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
811 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
813 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
814 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
817 if (*name_cursor == ':')
821 if (name == name_end)
822 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
825 len = name_cursor - name;
827 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
830 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
839 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
840 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
841 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
845 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
850 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
851 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
855 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
856 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
857 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
861 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
862 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
870 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
872 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
873 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
874 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
875 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
876 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
877 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
878 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
880 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
882 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
883 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
887 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
888 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
889 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
891 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
892 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
893 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
896 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
902 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
908 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
912 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
913 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
914 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
915 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
916 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
918 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
921 stash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
927 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
930 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
931 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
934 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
937 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
938 if (*name=='!' && sv_type == SVt_PVHV && len==1)
942 } else if (no_init) {
944 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
948 /* Adding a new symbol */
950 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
951 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
952 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
953 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
955 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
956 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
959 /* set up magic where warranted */
963 /* Nothing else to do.
964 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
965 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
966 the common case of lower case variable names. */
970 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
973 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
974 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
978 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
982 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
983 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
985 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, Nullch, 0);
986 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
987 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
988 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
991 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
992 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
993 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
994 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, TRUE);
995 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
996 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
997 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
998 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
999 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1000 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1005 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1006 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1008 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1012 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1016 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1017 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1018 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1022 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1023 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1024 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1026 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1028 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1029 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1034 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1037 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1038 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1041 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1042 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1045 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1046 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1049 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1050 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1053 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1054 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1056 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1059 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1060 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1073 /* ensures variable is only digits */
1074 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
1075 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
1076 const char *end = name + len;
1077 while (--end > name) {
1078 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1085 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1086 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1092 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1093 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1094 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1095 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1098 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1102 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1106 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1107 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1113 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm.
1114 The require will itself set errno, so in order to
1115 preserve its value we have to set up the magic
1116 now (rather than going to magicalize)
1119 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1121 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1127 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1128 sv_magic((SV*)av, Nullsv, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, Nullch, 0);
1134 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1135 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1136 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1139 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1144 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1145 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)av, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, Nullch, 0);
1149 case '\023': /* $^S */
1160 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1175 case '\001': /* $^A */
1176 case '\003': /* $^C */
1177 case '\004': /* $^D */
1178 case '\005': /* $^E */
1179 case '\006': /* $^F */
1180 case '\010': /* $^H */
1181 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1182 case '\016': /* $^N */
1183 case '\017': /* $^O */
1184 case '\020': /* $^P */
1185 case '\024': /* $^T */
1186 case '\027': /* $^W */
1188 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1191 case '\014': /* $^L */
1192 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1193 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1196 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1200 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1201 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1202 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
1203 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1204 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1208 case '\026': /* $^V */
1210 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1211 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1212 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1222 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1226 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1231 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1233 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1235 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1241 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1242 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1245 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1249 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1251 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1252 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1260 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV(0);
1262 sv_upgrade((SV *)io,SVt_PVIO);
1263 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1264 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1266 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1268 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1269 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1270 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1271 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1272 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1273 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1274 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1279 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1284 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1286 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1288 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1291 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1292 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1294 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1295 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1297 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1299 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1300 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1303 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1304 * module, don't bother warning */
1305 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1306 # define LIB_COMPONENT ":lib:"
1308 # define LIB_COMPONENT "/lib/"
1311 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1312 && (instr(file, LIB_COMPONENT) || instr(file, ".pm")))
1316 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1318 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1320 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1322 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1323 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1324 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1331 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1334 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1338 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1341 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1349 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1350 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1355 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1356 PL_sub_generation++;
1363 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1368 if (!gv || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1370 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1371 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1372 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1373 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1374 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1378 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1379 PL_sub_generation++;
1381 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1382 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1387 if (gp->gp_sv) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1388 if (gp->gp_av) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1389 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1390 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1391 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1392 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1393 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1394 hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1396 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1398 if (gp->gp_io) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1399 if (gp->gp_cv) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1400 if (gp->gp_form) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1407 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1409 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1410 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1412 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1414 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1415 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1417 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1418 amtp->table[i] = Nullcv;
1425 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1428 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1431 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1432 AMT * const amtp = (mg) ? (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr: (AMT *) NULL;
1435 if (mg && amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1436 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation)
1437 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1438 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1440 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1443 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1444 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1445 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1449 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1452 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1454 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1455 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1456 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1460 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1461 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1463 /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1466 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1467 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1469 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1471 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1472 amt.table[i] = Nullcv;
1473 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1474 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1475 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1476 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1477 const STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1479 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1480 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1481 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1482 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1483 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1484 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1485 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1486 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1487 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1488 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1489 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1490 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1491 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1493 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1495 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1496 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1497 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1498 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1499 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1501 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1503 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1504 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1505 GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1506 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1507 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1510 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1511 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1512 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1513 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1514 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1518 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1520 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1521 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1522 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1524 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1526 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1530 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(cv);
1533 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1535 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1536 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1537 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1541 /* Here we have no table: */
1543 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1544 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1545 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1551 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1557 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1559 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1563 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1565 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1566 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1567 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1569 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1570 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1571 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1572 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1573 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1574 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1575 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1576 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1589 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1594 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1595 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1596 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1597 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1598 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1599 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1604 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1605 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1606 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1607 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1608 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1610 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1611 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1617 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1618 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1620 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1623 /* look for substituted methods */
1624 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1628 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1629 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1630 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1635 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1636 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1637 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1641 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1644 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1647 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1650 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1651 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1652 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1658 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1661 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1662 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1664 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1665 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1667 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1668 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1669 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1675 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1676 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1677 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1679 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1680 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1681 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1683 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1684 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1685 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1688 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1699 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1701 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1706 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1708 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1716 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1721 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1722 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1723 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1724 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1725 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1726 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1728 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1731 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1732 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1733 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1734 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1735 /* We look for substitution for
1736 * comparison operations and
1738 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1739 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1740 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1750 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1757 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1759 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1764 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1772 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1775 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1776 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1777 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1778 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1781 if (off==-1) off=method;
1782 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1783 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1784 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1785 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1787 "in overloaded package ":
1788 "has no overloaded magic",
1790 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1793 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1796 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1798 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1800 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1801 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1803 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, msg);
1807 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1812 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1813 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1815 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1817 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1818 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1819 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1820 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1821 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1822 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1823 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1824 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1827 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1828 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1829 * version of copy operator
1831 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1832 * a) Assignment form was called.
1833 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1834 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1835 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1836 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1837 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1839 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1840 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1842 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1843 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1846 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1847 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1849 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1850 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1857 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1860 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1861 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1862 myop.op_next = Nullop;
1863 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1865 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1868 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1869 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1870 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
1874 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
1875 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
1876 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
1877 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
1879 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
1884 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
1892 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
1899 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
1902 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
1905 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
1908 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
1911 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
1914 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
1917 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
1919 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
1924 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
1926 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
1928 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
1936 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
1938 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
1944 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
1947 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
1948 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
1952 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
1954 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
1956 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
1957 created even in rvalue contexts.
1959 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
1960 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
1962 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
1963 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
1964 pointers returned by SvPV.
1969 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1971 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
1974 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
1977 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
1981 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
1985 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
1988 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
1989 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
1991 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
1992 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
1995 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1996 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
1999 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2000 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2002 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2005 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2006 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2019 const char *end = name + len;
2020 while (--end > name) {
2028 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2029 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2056 case '\001': /* $^A */
2057 case '\003': /* $^C */
2058 case '\004': /* $^D */
2059 case '\005': /* $^E */
2060 case '\006': /* $^F */
2061 case '\010': /* $^H */
2062 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2063 case '\014': /* $^L */
2064 case '\016': /* $^N */
2065 case '\017': /* $^O */
2066 case '\020': /* $^P */
2067 case '\023': /* $^S */
2068 case '\024': /* $^T */
2069 case '\026': /* $^V */
2070 case '\027': /* $^W */
2091 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2093 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2096 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: