2 # Copyright (C) 2000, 2001 Stephen McCamant. All rights reserved.
3 # This program is free software; you can redistribute and/or modify it
4 # under the same terms as Perl itself.
8 use B qw(class ppname main_start main_root main_cv cstring svref_2object
9 SVf_IOK SVf_NOK SVf_POK OPf_KIDS);
13 ["(?(#label =>\n)?)(*( )*)#class (#addr) pp_#name "
14 . "(?([#targ])?) #svclass~(?((#svaddr))?)~#svval\n",
15 "(*( )*)goto #class (#addr)\n",
18 ["#hyphseq2 (*( (x( ;)x))*)<#classsym> "
19 . "#exname#arg(?([#targarglife])?)~#flags(?(/#private)?)(x(;~->#next)x)\n",
20 " (*( )*) goto #seq\n",
21 "(?(<#seq>)?)#exname#arg(?([#targarglife])?)"],
23 ["(x(;(*( )*))x)#noise#arg(?([#targarg])?)(x( ;\n)x)",
25 "(?(#seq)?)#noise#arg(?([#targarg])?)"],
27 ["#class (#addr)\n\top_next\t\t#nextaddr\n\top_sibling\t#sibaddr\n\t"
28 . "op_ppaddr\tPL_ppaddr[OP_#NAME]\n\top_type\t\t#typenum\n\top_seq\t\t"
29 . "#seqnum\n\top_flags\t#flagval\n\top_private\t#privval\n"
30 . "(?(\top_first\t#firstaddr\n)?)(?(\top_last\t\t#lastaddr\n)?)"
31 . "(?(\top_sv\t\t#svaddr\n)?)",
34 "env" => [$ENV{B_CONCISE_FORMAT}, $ENV{B_CONCISE_GOTO_FORMAT},
35 $ENV{B_CONCISE_TREE_FORMAT}],
38 my($format, $gotofmt, $treefmt);
40 my($seq_base, $cop_seq_base);
43 my ($order, $cvref) = @_;
44 my $cv = svref_2object($cvref);
46 if ($order eq "exec") {
47 walk_exec($cv->START);
48 } elsif ($order eq "basic") {
49 walk_topdown($cv->ROOT, sub { $_[0]->concise($_[1]) }, 0);
51 print tree($cv->ROOT, 0)
55 my $start_sym = "\e(0"; # "\cN" sometimes also works
56 my $end_sym = "\e(B"; # "\cO" respectively
58 my @tree_decorations =
59 ([" ", "--", "+-", "|-", "| ", "`-", "-", 1],
60 [" ", "-", "+", "+", "|", "`", "", 0],
61 [" ", map("$start_sym$_$end_sym", "qq", "wq", "tq", "x ", "mq", "q"), 1],
62 [" ", map("$start_sym$_$end_sym", "q", "w", "t", "x", "m"), "", 0],
72 my @options = grep(/^-/, @_);
73 my @args = grep(!/^-/, @_);
75 ($format, $gotofmt, $treefmt) = @{$style{"concise"}};
76 for my $o (@options) {
79 } elsif ($o eq "-exec") {
81 } elsif ($o eq "-tree") {
83 } elsif ($o eq "-compact") {
85 } elsif ($o eq "-loose") {
87 } elsif ($o eq "-vt") {
89 } elsif ($o eq "-ascii") {
91 } elsif ($o eq "-main") {
93 } elsif ($o =~ /^-base(\d+)$/) {
95 } elsif ($o eq "-bigendian") {
97 } elsif ($o eq "-littleendian") {
99 } elsif (exists $style{substr($o, 1)}) {
100 ($format, $gotofmt, $treefmt) = @{$style{substr($o, 1)}};
102 warn "Option $o unrecognized";
107 for my $objname (@args) {
108 $objname = "main::" . $objname unless $objname =~ /::/;
109 eval "concise_cv(\$order, \\&$objname)";
110 die "concise_cv($order, \\&$objname) failed: $@" if $@;
114 if (!@args or $do_main) {
115 if ($order eq "exec") {
116 return sub { return if class(main_start) eq "NULL";
118 walk_exec(main_start) }
119 } elsif ($order eq "tree") {
120 return sub { return if class(main_root) eq "NULL";
122 print tree(main_root, 0) }
123 } elsif ($order eq "basic") {
124 return sub { return if class(main_root) eq "NULL";
126 walk_topdown(main_root,
127 sub { $_[0]->concise($_[1]) }, 0); }
135 my %opclass = ('OP' => "0", 'UNOP' => "1", 'BINOP' => "2", 'LOGOP' => "|",
136 'LISTOP' => "@", 'PMOP' => "/", 'SVOP' => "\$", 'GVOP' => "*",
137 'PVOP' => '"', 'LOOP' => "{", 'COP' => ";");
140 qw'# () sc ( @? 1 $* gv *{ m$ m@ m% m? p/ *$ $ $# & a& pt \\ s\\ rf bl
141 ` *? <> ?? ?/ r/ c/ // qr s/ /c y/ = @= C sC Cp sp df un BM po +1 +I
142 -1 -I 1+ I+ 1- I- ** * i* / i/ %$ i% x + i+ - i- . " << >> < i<
143 > i> <= i, >= i. == i= != i! <? i? s< s> s, s. s= s! s? b& b^ b| -0 -i
144 ! ~ a2 si cs rd sr e^ lg sq in %x %o ab le ss ve ix ri sf FL od ch cy
145 uf lf uc lc qm @ [f [ @[ eh vl ky dl ex % ${ @{ uk pk st jn ) )[ a@
146 a% sl +] -] [- [+ so rv GS GW MS MW .. f. .f && || ^^ ?: &= |= -> s{ s}
147 v} ca wa di rs ;; ; ;d }{ { } {} f{ it {l l} rt }l }n }r dm }g }e ^o
148 ^c ^| ^# um bm t~ u~ ~d DB db ^s se ^g ^r {w }w pf pr ^O ^K ^R ^W ^d ^v
149 ^e ^t ^k t. fc ic fl .s .p .b .c .l .a .h g1 s1 g2 s2 ?. l? -R -W -X -r
150 -w -x -e -o -O -z -s -M -A -C -S -c -b -f -d -p -l -u -g -k -t -T -B cd
151 co cr u. cm ut r. l@ s@ r@ mD uD oD rD tD sD wD cD f$ w$ p$ sh e$ k$ g3
152 g4 s4 g5 s5 T@ C@ L@ G@ A@ S@ Hg Hc Hr Hw Mg Mc Ms Mr Sg Sc So rq do {e
153 e} {t t} g6 G6 6e g7 G7 7e g8 G8 8e g9 G9 9e 6s 7s 8s 9s 6E 7E 8E 9E Pn
154 Pu GP SP EP Gn Gg GG SG EG g0 c$ lk t$ ;s n>';
156 my $chars = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
161 push @v, "v" if ($x & 3) == 1;
162 push @v, "s" if ($x & 3) == 2;
163 push @v, "l" if ($x & 3) == 3;
164 push @v, "K" if $x & 4;
165 push @v, "P" if $x & 8;
166 push @v, "R" if $x & 16;
167 push @v, "M" if $x & 32;
168 push @v, "S" if $x & 64;
169 push @v, "*" if $x & 128;
175 return "-" . base_n(-$x) if $x < 0;
177 do { $str .= substr($chars, $x % $base, 1) } while $x = int($x / $base);
178 $str = reverse $str if $big_endian;
182 sub seq { return $_[0]->seq ? base_n($_[0]->seq - $seq_base) : "-" }
185 my($op, $sub, $level) = @_;
187 if ($op->flags & OPf_KIDS) {
188 for (my $kid = $op->first; $$kid; $kid = $kid->sibling) {
189 walk_topdown($kid, $sub, $level + 1);
192 if (class($op) eq "PMOP" and $ {$op->pmreplroot}) {
193 walk_topdown($op->pmreplroot, $sub, $level + 1);
198 my($ar, $level) = @_;
200 if (ref($l) eq "ARRAY") {
201 walklines($l, $level + 1);
209 my($top, $level) = @_;
212 my @todo = ([$top, \@lines]);
213 while (@todo and my($op, $targ) = @{shift @todo}) {
214 for (; $$op; $op = $op->next) {
215 last if $opsseen{$$op}++;
217 my $name = $op->name;
219 =~ /^(or|and|(map|grep)while|entertry|range|cond_expr)$/) {
222 push @todo, [$op->other, $ar];
223 } elsif ($name eq "subst" and $ {$op->pmreplstart}) {
226 push @todo, [$op->pmreplstart, $ar];
227 } elsif ($name =~ /^enter(loop|iter)$/) {
228 $labels{$op->nextop->seq} = "NEXT";
229 $labels{$op->lastop->seq} = "LAST";
230 $labels{$op->redoop->seq} = "REDO";
234 walklines(\@lines, 0);
238 my($hr, $fmt, $level) = @_;
240 $text =~ s/\(\?\(([^\#]*?)\#(\w+)([^\#]*?)\)\?\)/
241 $hr->{$2} ? $1.$hr->{$2}.$3 : ""/eg;
242 $text =~ s/\(x\((.*?);(.*?)\)x\)/$order eq "exec" ? $1 : $2/egs;
243 $text =~ s/\(\*\(([^;]*?)\)\*\)/$1 x $level/egs;
244 $text =~ s/\(\*\((.*?);(.*?)\)\*\)/$1 x ($level - 1) . $2 x ($level>0)/egs;
245 $text =~ s/#([a-zA-Z]+)(\d+)/sprintf("%-$2s", $hr->{$1})/eg;
246 $text =~ s/#([a-zA-Z]+)/$hr->{$1}/eg;
247 $text =~ s/[ \t]*~+[ \t]*/ /g;
252 $priv{$_}{128} = "LVINTRO"
253 for ("pos", "substr", "vec", "threadsv", "gvsv", "rv2sv", "rv2hv", "rv2gv",
254 "rv2av", "rv2arylen", "aelem", "helem", "aslice", "hslice", "padsv",
256 $priv{$_}{64} = "REFC" for ("leave", "leavesub", "leavesublv", "leavewrite");
257 $priv{"aassign"}{64} = "COMMON";
258 $priv{"aassign"}{32} = "PHASH";
259 $priv{"sassign"}{64} = "BKWARD";
260 $priv{$_}{64} = "RTIME" for ("match", "subst", "substcont");
261 @{$priv{"trans"}}{1,2,4,8,16,64} = ("<UTF", ">UTF", "IDENT", "SQUASH", "DEL",
263 $priv{"repeat"}{64} = "DOLIST";
264 $priv{"leaveloop"}{64} = "CONT";
265 @{$priv{$_}}{32,64,96} = ("DREFAV", "DREFHV", "DREFSV")
266 for ("entersub", map("rv2${_}v", "a", "s", "h", "g"), "aelem", "helem");
267 $priv{"entersub"}{16} = "DBG";
268 $priv{"entersub"}{32} = "TARG";
269 @{$priv{$_}}{4,8,128} = ("INARGS","AMPER","NO()") for ("entersub", "rv2cv");
270 $priv{"gv"}{32} = "EARLYCV";
271 $priv{"aelem"}{16} = $priv{"helem"}{16} = "LVDEFER";
272 $priv{$_}{16} = "OURINTR" for ("gvsv", "rv2sv", "rv2av", "rv2hv", "r2gv");
273 $priv{$_}{16} = "TARGMY"
274 for (map(($_,"s$_"),"chop", "chomp"),
275 map(($_,"i_$_"), "postinc", "postdec", "multiply", "divide", "modulo",
276 "add", "subtract", "negate"), "pow", "concat", "stringify",
277 "left_shift", "right_shift", "bit_and", "bit_xor", "bit_or",
278 "complement", "atan2", "sin", "cos", "rand", "exp", "log", "sqrt",
279 "int", "hex", "oct", "abs", "length", "index", "rindex", "sprintf",
280 "ord", "chr", "crypt", "quotemeta", "join", "push", "unshift", "flock",
281 "chdir", "chown", "chroot", "unlink", "chmod", "utime", "rename",
282 "link", "symlink", "mkdir", "rmdir", "wait", "waitpid", "system",
283 "exec", "kill", "getppid", "getpgrp", "setpgrp", "getpriority",
284 "setpriority", "time", "sleep");
285 @{$priv{"const"}}{8,16,32,64,128} = ("STRICT","ENTERED", "$[", "BARE", "WARN");
286 $priv{"flip"}{64} = $priv{"flop"}{64} = "LINENUM";
287 $priv{"list"}{64} = "GUESSED";
288 $priv{"delete"}{64} = "SLICE";
289 $priv{"exists"}{64} = "SUB";
290 $priv{$_}{64} = "LOCALE"
291 for ("sort", "prtf", "sprintf", "slt", "sle", "seq", "sne", "sgt", "sge",
292 "scmp", "lc", "uc", "lcfirst", "ucfirst");
293 @{$priv{"sort"}}{1,2,4} = ("NUM", "INT", "REV");
294 $priv{"threadsv"}{64} = "SVREFd";
295 $priv{$_}{16} = "INBIN" for ("open", "backtick");
296 $priv{$_}{32} = "INCR" for ("open", "backtick");
297 $priv{$_}{64} = "OUTBIN" for ("open", "backtick");
298 $priv{$_}{128} = "OUTCR" for ("open", "backtick");
299 $priv{"exit"}{128} = "VMS";
304 for my $flag (128, 96, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1) {
305 if ($priv{$name}{$flag} and $x & $flag and $x >= $flag) {
307 push @s, $priv{$name}{$flag};
311 return join(",", @s);
315 my ($op, $level, $format) = @_;
317 $h{exname} = $h{name} = $op->name;
318 $h{NAME} = uc $h{name};
319 $h{class} = class($op);
320 $h{extarg} = $h{targ} = $op->targ;
321 $h{extarg} = "" unless $h{extarg};
322 if ($h{name} eq "null" and $h{targ}) {
323 $h{exname} = "ex-" . substr(ppname($h{targ}), 3);
326 my $padname = (($curcv->PADLIST->ARRAY)[0]->ARRAY)[$h{targ}];
327 if (defined $padname and class($padname) ne "SPECIAL") {
328 $h{targarg} = $padname->PV;
329 my $intro = $padname->NVX - $cop_seq_base;
330 my $finish = int($padname->IVX) - $cop_seq_base;
331 $finish = "end" if $finish == 999999999 - $cop_seq_base;
332 $h{targarglife} = "$h{targarg}:$intro,$finish";
334 $h{targarglife} = $h{targarg} = "t" . $h{targ};
338 $h{svclass} = $h{svaddr} = $h{svval} = "";
339 if ($h{class} eq "PMOP") {
340 my $precomp = $op->precomp;
341 $precomp = defined($precomp) ? "/$precomp/" : "";
343 if ($ {$op->pmreplstart}) {
345 $pmreplstart = "replstart->" . seq($op->pmreplstart);
346 $h{arg} = "(" . join(" ", $precomp, $pmreplstart) . ")";
348 $h{arg} = "($precomp)";
350 } elsif ($h{class} eq "PVOP" and $h{name} ne "trans") {
351 $h{arg} = '("' . $op->pv . '")';
352 $h{svval} = '"' . $op->pv . '"';
353 } elsif ($h{class} eq "COP") {
354 my $label = $op->label;
355 $label = $label ? "$label: " : "";
358 $loc .= ":" . $op->line;
359 my($stash, $cseq) = ($op->stash->NAME, $op->cop_seq - $cop_seq_base);
360 my $arybase = $op->arybase;
361 $arybase = $arybase ? ' $[=' . $arybase : "";
362 $h{arg} = "($label$stash $cseq $loc$arybase)";
363 } elsif ($h{class} eq "LOOP") {
364 $h{arg} = "(next->" . seq($op->nextop) . " last->" . seq($op->lastop)
365 . " redo->" . seq($op->redoop) . ")";
366 } elsif ($h{class} eq "LOGOP") {
368 $h{arg} = "(other->" . seq($op->other) . ")";
369 } elsif ($h{class} eq "SVOP") {
371 $h{svclass} = class($sv);
372 $h{svaddr} = sprintf("%#x", $$sv);
373 if ($h{svclass} eq "GV") {
375 my $stash = $gv->STASH->NAME;
376 if ($stash eq "main") {
379 $stash = $stash . "::";
381 $h{arg} = "(*$stash" . $gv->NAME . ")";
382 $h{svval} = "*$stash" . $gv->NAME;
384 while (class($sv) eq "RV") {
388 if (class($sv) eq "SPECIAL") {
389 $h{svval} = ["Null", "sv_undef", "sv_yes", "sv_no"]->[$$sv];
390 } elsif ($sv->FLAGS & SVf_NOK) {
392 } elsif ($sv->FLAGS & SVf_IOK) {
394 } elsif ($sv->FLAGS & SVf_POK) {
395 $h{svval} = cstring($sv->PV);
397 $h{arg} = "($h{svclass} $h{svval})";
400 $h{seq} = $h{hyphseq} = seq($op);
401 $h{seq} = "" if $h{seq} eq "-";
402 $h{seqnum} = $op->seq;
403 $h{next} = $op->next;
404 $h{next} = (class($h{next}) eq "NULL") ? "(end)" : seq($h{next});
405 $h{nextaddr} = sprintf("%#x", $ {$op->next});
406 $h{sibaddr} = sprintf("%#x", $ {$op->sibling});
407 $h{firstaddr} = sprintf("%#x", $ {$op->first}) if $op->can("first");
408 $h{lastaddr} = sprintf("%#x", $ {$op->last}) if $op->can("last");
410 $h{classsym} = $opclass{$h{class}};
411 $h{flagval} = $op->flags;
412 $h{flags} = op_flags($op->flags);
413 $h{privval} = $op->private;
414 $h{private} = private_flags($h{name}, $op->private);
415 $h{addr} = sprintf("%#x", $$op);
416 $h{label} = $labels{$op->seq};
417 $h{typenum} = $op->type;
418 $h{noise} = $linenoise[$op->type];
419 return fmt_line(\%h, $format, $level);
423 my($op, $level) = @_;
424 if ($order eq "exec" and $lastnext and $$lastnext != $$op) {
425 my $h = {"seq" => seq($lastnext), "class" => class($lastnext),
426 "addr" => sprintf("%#x", $$lastnext)};
427 print fmt_line($h, $gotofmt, $level+1);
429 $lastnext = $op->next;
430 print concise_op($op, $level, $format);
436 my $style = $tree_decorations[$tree_style];
437 my($space, $single, $kids, $kid, $nokid, $last, $lead, $size) = @$style;
438 my $name = concise_op($op, $level, $treefmt);
439 if (not $op->flags & OPf_KIDS) {
443 for (my $kid = $op->first; $$kid; $kid = $kid->sibling) {
444 push @lines, tree($kid, $level+1);
447 for ($i = $#lines; substr($lines[$i], 0, 1) eq " "; $i--) {
448 $lines[$i] = $space . $lines[$i];
451 $lines[$i] = $last . $lines[$i];
453 if (substr($lines[$i], 0, 1) eq " ") {
454 $lines[$i] = $nokid . $lines[$i];
456 $lines[$i] = $kid . $lines[$i];
459 $lines[$i] = $kids . $lines[$i];
461 $lines[0] = $single . $lines[0];
463 return("$name$lead" . shift @lines,
464 map(" " x (length($name)+$size) . $_, @lines));
467 # This is a bit of a hack; the 2 and 15 were determined empirically.
468 # These need to stay the last things in the module.
469 $cop_seq_base = svref_2object(eval 'sub{0;}')->START->cop_seq + 2;
470 $seq_base = svref_2object(eval 'sub{}')->START->seq + 15;
478 B::Concise - Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
482 perl -MO=Concise[,OPTIONS] foo.pl
486 This compiler backend prints the internal OPs of a Perl program's syntax
487 tree in one of several space-efficient text formats suitable for debugging
488 the inner workings of perl or other compiler backends. It can print OPs in
489 the order they appear in the OP tree, in the order they will execute, or
490 in a text approximation to their tree structure, and the format of the
491 information displyed is customizable. Its function is similar to that of
492 perl's B<-Dx> debugging flag or the B<B::Terse> module, but it is more
493 sophisticated and flexible.
497 Arguments that don't start with a hyphen are taken to be the names of
498 subroutines to print the OPs of; if no such functions are specified, the
499 main body of the program (outside any subroutines, and not including use'd
500 or require'd files) is printed.
506 Print OPs in the order they appear in the OP tree (a preorder
507 traversal, starting at the root). The indentation of each OP shows its
508 level in the tree. This mode is the default, so the flag is included
509 simply for completeness.
513 Print OPs in the order they would normally execute (for the majority
514 of constructs this is a postorder traversal of the tree, ending at the
515 root). In most cases the OP that usually follows a given OP will
516 appear directly below it; alternate paths are shown by indentation. In
517 cases like loops when control jumps out of a linear path, a 'goto'
522 Print OPs in a text approximation of a tree, with the root of the tree
523 at the left and 'left-to-right' order of children transformed into
524 'top-to-bottom'. Because this mode grows both to the right and down,
525 it isn't suitable for large programs (unless you have a very wide
530 Use a tree format in which the minimum amount of space is used for the
531 lines connecting nodes (one character in most cases). This squeezes out
532 a few precious columns of screen real estate.
536 Use a tree format that uses longer edges to separate OP nodes. This format
537 tends to look better than the compact one, especially in ASCII, and is
542 Use tree connecting characters drawn from the VT100 line-drawing set.
543 This looks better if your terminal supports it.
547 Draw the tree with standard ASCII characters like C<+> and C<|>. These don't
548 look as clean as the VT100 characters, but they'll work with almost any
549 terminal (or the horizontal scrolling mode of less(1)) and are suitable
550 for text documentation or email. This is the default.
554 Include the main program in the output, even if subroutines were also
559 Print OP sequence numbers in base I<n>. If I<n> is greater than 10, the
560 digit for 11 will be 'a', and so on. If I<n> is greater than 36, the digit
561 for 37 will be 'A', and so on until 62. Values greater than 62 are not
562 currently supported. The default is 36.
566 Print sequence numbers with the most significant digit first. This is the
567 usual convention for Arabic numerals, and the default.
569 =item B<-littleendian>
571 Print seqence numbers with the least significant digit first.
575 Use the author's favorite set of formatting conventions. This is the
580 Use formatting conventions that emulate the ouput of B<B::Terse>. The
581 basic mode is almost indistinguishable from the real B<B::Terse>, and the
582 exec mode looks very similar, but is in a more logical order and lacks
583 curly brackets. B<B::Terse> doesn't have a tree mode, so the tree mode
584 is only vaguely reminiscient of B<B::Terse>.
588 Use formatting conventions in which the name of each OP, rather than being
589 written out in full, is represented by a one- or two-character abbreviation.
590 This is mainly a joke.
594 Use formatting conventions reminiscient of B<B::Debug>; these aren't
599 Use formatting conventions read from the environment variables
600 C<B_CONCISE_FORMAT>, C<B_CONCISE_GOTO_FORMAT>, and C<B_CONCISE_TREE_FORMAT>.
604 =head1 FORMATTING SPECIFICATIONS
606 For each general style ('concise', 'terse', 'linenoise', etc.) there are
607 three specifications: one of how OPs should appear in the basic or exec
608 modes, one of how 'goto' lines should appear (these occur in the exec
609 mode only), and one of how nodes should appear in tree mode. Each has the
610 same format, described below. Any text that doesn't match a special
611 pattern is copied verbatim.
615 =item B<(x(>I<exec_text>B<;>I<basic_text>B<)x)>
617 Generates I<exec_text> in exec mode, or I<basic_text> in basic mode.
619 =item B<(*(>I<text>B<)*)>
621 Generates one copy of I<text> for each indentation level.
623 =item B<(*(>I<text1>B<;>I<text2>B<)*)>
625 Generates one fewer copies of I<text1> than the indentation level, followed
626 by one copy of I<text2> if the indentation level is more than 0.
628 =item B<(?(>I<text1>B<#>I<var>I<Text2>B<)?)>
630 If the value of I<var> is true (not empty or zero), generates the
631 value of I<var> surrounded by I<text1> and I<Text2>, otherwise
636 Generates the value of the variable I<var>.
640 Generates the value of I<var>, left jutified to fill I<N> spaces.
644 Any number of tildes and surrounding whitespace will be collapsed to
649 The following variables are recognized:
655 The address of the OP, in hexidecimal.
659 The OP-specific information of the OP (such as the SV for an SVOP, the
660 non-local exit pointers for a LOOP, etc.) enclosed in paretheses.
664 The B-determined class of the OP, in all caps.
668 A single symbol abbreviating the class of the OP.
672 The name of the OP, or 'ex-foo' if the OP is a null that used to be a foo.
676 The target of the OP, or nothing for a nulled OP.
680 The address of the OP's first child, in hexidecimal.
684 The OP's flags, abbreviated as a series of symbols.
688 The numeric value of the OP's flags.
692 The sequence number of the OP, or a hyphen if it doesn't have one.
696 'NEXT', 'LAST', or 'REDO' if the OP is a target of one of those in exec
697 mode, or empty otherwise.
701 The address of the OP's last child, in hexidecimal.
709 The OP's name, in all caps.
713 The sequence number of the OP's next OP.
717 The address of the OP's next OP, in hexidecimal.
721 The two-character abbreviation for the OP's name.
725 The OP's private flags, rendered with abbreviated names if possible.
729 The numeric value of the OP's private flags.
733 The sequence number of the OP.
737 The real sequence number of the OP, as a regular number and not adjusted
738 to be relative to the start of the real program. (This will generally be
739 a fairly large number because all of B<B::Concise> is compiled before
744 The address of the OP's next youngest sibling, in hexidecimal.
748 The address of the OP's SV, if it has an SV, in hexidecimal.
752 The class of the OP's SV, if it has one, in all caps (e.g., 'IV').
756 The value of the OP's SV, if it has one, in a short human-readable format.
760 The numeric value of the OP's targ.
764 The name of the variable the OP's targ refers to, if any, otherwise the
765 letter t followed by the OP's targ in decimal.
767 =item B<#targarglife>
769 Same as B<#targarg>, but followed by the COP sequence numbers that delimit
770 the variable's lifetime (or 'end' for a variable in an open scope) for a
775 The numeric value of the OP's type, in decimal.
781 =head2 OP flags abbreviations
783 v OPf_WANT_VOID Want nothing (void context)
784 s OPf_WANT_SCALAR Want single value (scalar context)
785 l OPf_WANT_LIST Want list of any length (list context)
786 K OPf_KIDS There is a firstborn child.
787 P OPf_PARENS This operator was parenthesized.
788 (Or block needs explicit scope entry.)
789 R OPf_REF Certified reference.
790 (Return container, not containee).
791 M OPf_MOD Will modify (lvalue).
792 S OPf_STACKED Some arg is arriving on the stack.
793 * OPf_SPECIAL Do something weird for this op (see op.h)
795 =head2 OP class abbreviations
797 0 OP (aka BASEOP) An OP with no children
798 1 UNOP An OP with one child
799 2 BINOP An OP with two children
800 | LOGOP A control branch OP
801 @ LISTOP An OP that could have lots of children
802 / PMOP An OP with a regular expression
803 $ SVOP An OP with an SV
804 " PVOP An OP with a string
805 { LOOP An OP that holds pointers for a loop
806 ; COP An OP that marks the start of a statement
810 Stephen McCamant, C<smcc@CSUA.Berkeley.EDU>