3 * Copyright (c) 1991-2000, Larry Wall
5 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
6 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
11 * "Far below them they saw the white waters pour into a foaming bowl, and
12 * then swirl darkly about a deep oval basin in the rocks, until they found
13 * their way out again through a narrow gate, and flowed away, fuming and
14 * chattering, into calmer and more level reaches."
18 #define PERL_IN_DOIO_C
21 #if defined(HAS_MSG) || defined(HAS_SEM) || defined(HAS_SHM)
30 # ifndef HAS_SHMAT_PROTOTYPE
31 extern Shmat_t shmat (int, char *, int);
37 # if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
38 # include <sys/utime.h>
45 # define OPEN_EXCL O_EXCL
50 #if !defined(NSIG) || defined(M_UNIX) || defined(M_XENIX)
54 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
59 #if defined(HAS_SOCKET) && !defined(VMS) /* VMS handles sockets via vmsish.h */
60 # include <sys/socket.h>
61 # if defined(USE_SOCKS) && defined(I_SOCKS)
69 # include <net/errno.h>
75 Perl_do_open(pTHX_ GV *gv, register char *name, I32 len, int as_raw,
76 int rawmode, int rawperm, PerlIO *supplied_fp)
78 return do_open9(gv, name, len, as_raw, rawmode, rawperm,
79 supplied_fp, Nullsv, 0);
83 Perl_do_open9(pTHX_ GV *gv, register char *name, I32 len, int as_raw,
84 int rawmode, int rawperm, PerlIO *supplied_fp, SV *svs,
87 register IO *io = GvIOn(gv);
88 PerlIO *saveifp = Nullfp;
89 PerlIO *saveofp = Nullfp;
95 bool was_fdopen = FALSE;
96 bool in_raw = 0, in_crlf = 0, out_raw = 0, out_crlf = 0;
98 PL_forkprocess = 1; /* assume true if no fork */
100 if (PL_op && PL_op->op_type == OP_OPEN) {
101 /* set up disciplines */
102 U8 flags = PL_op->op_private;
103 in_raw = (flags & OPpOPEN_IN_RAW);
104 in_crlf = (flags & OPpOPEN_IN_CRLF);
105 out_raw = (flags & OPpOPEN_OUT_RAW);
106 out_crlf = (flags & OPpOPEN_OUT_CRLF);
110 fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(io));
111 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_STD)
113 else if (fd <= PL_maxsysfd) {
116 savetype = IoTYPE(io);
119 else if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_PIPE)
120 result = PerlProc_pclose(IoIFP(io));
121 else if (IoIFP(io) != IoOFP(io)) {
123 result = PerlIO_close(IoOFP(io));
124 PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)); /* clear stdio, fd already closed */
127 result = PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io));
130 result = PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io));
131 if (result == EOF && fd > PL_maxsysfd)
132 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
133 "Warning: unable to close filehandle %s properly.\n",
135 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = Nullfp;
139 #if defined(USE_64_BIT_RAWIO) && defined(O_LARGEFILE)
140 rawmode |= O_LARGEFILE;
144 #define O_ACCMODE 3 /* Assume traditional implementation */
147 switch (result = rawmode & O_ACCMODE) {
149 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
152 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
156 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDWR;
160 writing = (result > 0);
161 fd = PerlLIO_open3(name, rawmode, rawperm);
168 if (result == O_RDONLY)
171 else if (rawmode & O_APPEND) {
173 if (result != O_WRONLY)
178 if (result == O_WRONLY)
185 if (rawmode & O_BINARY)
188 fp = PerlIO_fdopen(fd, fpmode);
198 char mode[4]; /* stdio file mode ("r\0", "rb\0", "r+b\0" etc.) */
201 type = savepvn(name, len);
206 name = SvPV(svs, l) ;
208 name = savepvn(name, len);
212 while (tlen && isSPACE(type[tlen-1]))
217 mode[0] = mode[1] = mode[2] = mode[3] = '\0';
219 if (*type == '+' && tlen > 1 && type[tlen-1] != '|') { /* scary */
226 if (num_svs && (tlen != 2 || type[1] != '-')) {
228 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown open() mode '%.*s'", (int)olen, oname);
231 for (type++, tlen--; isSPACE(*type); type++, tlen--) ;
236 if (*name == '\0') { /* command is missing 19990114 */
238 if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
239 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_PIPE, "Missing command in piped open");
243 if (strNE(name,"-") || num_svs)
245 TAINT_PROPER("piped open");
246 if (name[len-1] == '|') {
249 if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
250 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_PIPE, "Can't open bidirectional pipe");
260 fp = PerlProc_popen(name,mode);
264 else if (*type == '>') {
265 TAINT_PROPER("open");
268 mode[0] = IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_APPEND;
281 if (num_svs && tlen != 1)
292 if (!*name && supplied_fp)
296 for (; isSPACE(*name); name++) ;
301 gv = gv_fetchpv(name,FALSE,SVt_PVIO);
305 SETERRNO(EINVAL,SS$_IVCHAN);
310 PerlIO *fp = IoIFP(thatio);
311 /* Flush stdio buffer before dup. --mjd
312 * Unfortunately SEEK_CURing 0 seems to
313 * be optimized away on most platforms;
314 * only Solaris and Linux seem to flush
316 PerlIO_seek(fp, 0, SEEK_CUR);
317 /* On the other hand, do all platforms
318 * take gracefully to flushing a read-only
319 * filehandle? Perhaps we should do
320 * fsetpos(src)+fgetpos(dst)? --nik */
322 fd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
323 /* When dup()ing STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
324 * explicitly set appropriate access mode */
325 if (IoIFP(thatio) == PerlIO_stdout()
326 || IoIFP(thatio) == PerlIO_stderr())
327 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
328 else if (IoIFP(thatio) == PerlIO_stdin())
329 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
330 /* When dup()ing a socket, say result is
332 else if (IoTYPE(thatio) == IoTYPE_SOCKET)
333 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET;
339 fd = PerlLIO_dup(fd);
342 if (!(fp = PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode))) {
350 for (; isSPACE(*type); type++) ;
351 if (strEQ(type,"-")) {
352 fp = PerlIO_stdout();
353 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
356 fp = PerlIO_open((num_svs ? name : type), mode);
360 else if (*type == '<') {
361 if (num_svs && tlen != 1)
364 for (type++; isSPACE(*type); type++) ;
375 if (strEQ(type,"-")) {
377 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
380 fp = PerlIO_open((num_svs ? name : type), mode);
382 else if (tlen > 1 && type[tlen-1] == '|') {
384 if (tlen != 2 || type[0] != '-')
389 while (tlen && isSPACE(type[tlen-1]))
392 for (; isSPACE(*type); type++) ;
395 if (*name == '\0') { /* command is missing 19990114 */
397 if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
398 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_PIPE, "Missing command in piped open");
402 if (strNE(name,"-") || num_svs)
404 TAINT_PROPER("piped open");
413 fp = PerlProc_popen(name,mode);
415 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_PIPE;
421 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
423 for (; isSPACE(*name); name++) ;
424 if (strEQ(name,"-")) {
426 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
436 fp = PerlIO_open(name,mode);
442 if (ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE) && IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_RDONLY && strchr(name, '\n'))
443 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_NEWLINE, PL_warn_nl, "open");
447 IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_PIPE && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_STD) {
449 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(fp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) {
450 (void)PerlIO_close(fp);
453 if (S_ISSOCK(PL_statbuf.st_mode))
454 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET; /* in case a socket was passed in to us */
458 !(PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IFMT)
462 && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_WRONLY /* Dups of STD* filehandles already have */
463 && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_RDONLY /* type so they aren't marked as sockets */
464 ) { /* on OS's that return 0 on fstat()ed pipe */
466 Sock_size_t buflen = sizeof tmpbuf;
467 if (PerlSock_getsockname(PerlIO_fileno(fp), (struct sockaddr *)tmpbuf,
469 || errno != ENOTSOCK)
470 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET; /* some OS's return 0 on fstat()ed socket */
471 /* but some return 0 for streams too, sigh */
475 if (saveifp) { /* must use old fp? */
476 fd = PerlIO_fileno(saveifp);
478 PerlIO_flush(saveofp); /* emulate PerlIO_close() */
479 if (saveofp != saveifp) { /* was a socket? */
480 PerlIO_close(saveofp);
485 if (fd != PerlIO_fileno(fp)) {
489 PerlLIO_dup2(PerlIO_fileno(fp), fd);
491 sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,PerlIO_fileno(fp),TRUE);
492 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_IV);
495 sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,fd,TRUE);
497 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_IV);
506 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
508 int save_errno = errno;
509 fd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
510 fcntl(fd,F_SETFD,fd > PL_maxsysfd); /* can change errno */
515 IoFLAGS(io) &= ~IOf_NOLINE;
518 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_SOCKET
519 || (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY && S_ISCHR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) )
529 if (!(IoOFP(io) = PerlIO_fdopen(PerlIO_fileno(fp),mode))) {
543 IoTYPE(io) = savetype;
548 Perl_nextargv(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
551 #ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
560 PL_argvoutgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGVOUT",TRUE,SVt_PVIO);
561 if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV) && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_START)) {
562 IoFLAGS(io) &= ~IOf_START;
564 if (!PL_argvout_stack)
565 PL_argvout_stack = newAV();
566 av_push(PL_argvout_stack, SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defoutgv));
569 if (PL_filemode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
570 PerlIO_flush(IoIFP(GvIOn(PL_argvoutgv))); /* chmod must follow last write */
572 (void)fchmod(PL_lastfd,PL_filemode);
574 (void)PerlLIO_chmod(PL_oldname,PL_filemode);
578 while (av_len(GvAV(gv)) >= 0) {
581 sv = av_shift(GvAV(gv));
583 sv_setsv(GvSV(gv),sv);
584 SvSETMAGIC(GvSV(gv));
585 PL_oldname = SvPVx(GvSV(gv), oldlen);
586 if (do_open(gv,PL_oldname,oldlen,PL_inplace!=0,O_RDONLY,0,Nullfp)) {
588 TAINT_PROPER("inplace open");
589 if (oldlen == 1 && *PL_oldname == '-') {
590 setdefout(gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE,SVt_PVIO));
591 return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
593 #ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
594 filedev = PL_statbuf.st_dev;
595 fileino = PL_statbuf.st_ino;
597 PL_filemode = PL_statbuf.st_mode;
598 fileuid = PL_statbuf.st_uid;
599 filegid = PL_statbuf.st_gid;
600 if (!S_ISREG(PL_filemode)) {
601 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE))
602 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INPLACE,
603 "Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file",
609 char *star = strchr(PL_inplace, '*');
611 char *begin = PL_inplace;
612 sv_setpvn(sv, "", 0);
614 sv_catpvn(sv, begin, star - begin);
615 sv_catpvn(sv, PL_oldname, oldlen);
617 } while ((star = strchr(begin, '*')));
622 sv_catpv(sv,PL_inplace);
624 #ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
625 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(sv),&PL_statbuf) >= 0
626 && PL_statbuf.st_dev == filedev
627 && PL_statbuf.st_ino == fileino
629 || (_djstat_fail_bits & _STFAIL_TRUENAME)!=0
633 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE))
634 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INPLACE,
635 "Can't do inplace edit: %s would not be unique",
642 #if !defined(DOSISH) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
643 if (PerlLIO_rename(PL_oldname,SvPVX(sv)) < 0) {
644 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE))
645 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INPLACE,
646 "Can't rename %s to %s: %s, skipping file",
647 PL_oldname, SvPVX(sv), Strerror(errno) );
653 (void)PerlLIO_unlink(SvPVX(sv));
654 (void)PerlLIO_rename(PL_oldname,SvPVX(sv));
655 do_open(gv,SvPVX(sv),SvCUR(sv),PL_inplace!=0,O_RDONLY,0,Nullfp);
658 (void)UNLINK(SvPVX(sv));
659 if (link(PL_oldname,SvPVX(sv)) < 0) {
660 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE))
661 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INPLACE,
662 "Can't rename %s to %s: %s, skipping file",
663 PL_oldname, SvPVX(sv), Strerror(errno) );
667 (void)UNLINK(PL_oldname);
671 #if !defined(DOSISH) && !defined(AMIGAOS)
672 # ifndef VMS /* Don't delete; use automatic file versioning */
673 if (UNLINK(PL_oldname) < 0) {
674 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE))
675 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INPLACE,
676 "Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file",
677 PL_oldname, Strerror(errno) );
683 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do inplace edit without backup");
687 sv_setpvn(sv,">",!PL_inplace);
688 sv_catpvn(sv,PL_oldname,oldlen);
689 SETERRNO(0,0); /* in case sprintf set errno */
691 if (!do_open(PL_argvoutgv,SvPVX(sv),SvCUR(sv),PL_inplace!=0,
692 O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC,0,Nullfp))
694 if (!do_open(PL_argvoutgv,SvPVX(sv),SvCUR(sv),PL_inplace!=0,
695 O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|OPEN_EXCL,0666,Nullfp))
698 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE))
699 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INPLACE, "Can't do inplace edit on %s: %s",
700 PL_oldname, Strerror(errno) );
704 setdefout(PL_argvoutgv);
705 PL_lastfd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(GvIOp(PL_argvoutgv)));
706 (void)PerlLIO_fstat(PL_lastfd,&PL_statbuf);
708 (void)fchmod(PL_lastfd,PL_filemode);
710 # if !(defined(WIN32) && defined(__BORLANDC__))
711 /* Borland runtime creates a readonly file! */
712 (void)PerlLIO_chmod(PL_oldname,PL_filemode);
715 if (fileuid != PL_statbuf.st_uid || filegid != PL_statbuf.st_gid) {
717 (void)fchown(PL_lastfd,fileuid,filegid);
720 (void)PerlLIO_chown(PL_oldname,fileuid,filegid);
725 return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
729 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE)) {
731 if (PerlLIO_stat(PL_oldname, &PL_statbuf) >= 0
732 && !S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode))
734 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INPLACE,
735 "Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file",
739 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INPLACE, "Can't open %s: %s",
740 PL_oldname, Strerror(eno));
744 if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV))
745 IoFLAGS(io) |= IOf_START;
747 (void)do_close(PL_argvoutgv,FALSE);
748 if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV)
749 && PL_argvout_stack && AvFILLp(PL_argvout_stack) >= 0)
751 GV *oldout = (GV*)av_pop(PL_argvout_stack);
753 SvREFCNT_dec(oldout);
756 setdefout(gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE,SVt_PVIO));
763 Perl_do_pipe(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *rgv, GV *wgv)
782 if (PerlProc_pipe(fd) < 0)
784 IoIFP(rstio) = PerlIO_fdopen(fd[0], "r");
785 IoOFP(wstio) = PerlIO_fdopen(fd[1], "w");
786 IoIFP(wstio) = IoOFP(wstio);
787 IoTYPE(rstio) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
788 IoTYPE(wstio) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
789 if (!IoIFP(rstio) || !IoOFP(wstio)) {
790 if (IoIFP(rstio)) PerlIO_close(IoIFP(rstio));
791 else PerlLIO_close(fd[0]);
792 if (IoOFP(wstio)) PerlIO_close(IoOFP(wstio));
793 else PerlLIO_close(fd[1]);
797 sv_setsv(sv,&PL_sv_yes);
801 sv_setsv(sv,&PL_sv_undef);
806 /* explicit renamed to avoid C++ conflict -- kja */
808 Perl_do_close(pTHX_ GV *gv, bool not_implicit)
815 if (!gv || SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
817 SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
821 if (!io) { /* never opened */
824 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNOPENED)) /* no check for closed here */
825 report_evil_fh(gv, io, PL_op->op_type);
826 SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
830 retval = io_close(io, not_implicit);
834 IoLINES_LEFT(io) = IoPAGE_LEN(io);
836 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_CLOSED;
841 Perl_io_close(pTHX_ IO *io, bool not_implicit)
847 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_PIPE) {
848 status = PerlProc_pclose(IoIFP(io));
850 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
851 retval = (STATUS_POSIX == 0);
854 retval = (status != -1);
857 else if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_STD)
860 if (IoOFP(io) && IoOFP(io) != IoIFP(io)) { /* a socket */
861 retval = (PerlIO_close(IoOFP(io)) != EOF);
862 PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)); /* clear stdio, fd already closed */
865 retval = (PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)) != EOF);
867 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = Nullfp;
869 else if (not_implicit) {
870 SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
877 Perl_do_eof(pTHX_ GV *gv)
887 else if (ckWARN(WARN_IO)
888 && (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY || IoIFP(io) == PerlIO_stdout()
889 || IoIFP(io) == PerlIO_stderr()))
891 /* integrate to report_evil_fh()? */
894 SV* sv = sv_newmortal();
895 gv_efullname4(sv, gv, Nullch, FALSE);
896 name = SvPV_nolen(sv);
899 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_IO,
900 "Filehandle %s opened only for output", name);
902 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_IO,
903 "Filehandle opened only for output");
908 if (PerlIO_has_cntptr(IoIFP(io))) { /* (the code works without this) */
909 if (PerlIO_get_cnt(IoIFP(io)) > 0) /* cheat a little, since */
910 return FALSE; /* this is the most usual case */
913 ch = PerlIO_getc(IoIFP(io));
915 (void)PerlIO_ungetc(IoIFP(io),ch);
918 if (PerlIO_has_cntptr(IoIFP(io)) && PerlIO_canset_cnt(IoIFP(io))) {
919 if (PerlIO_get_cnt(IoIFP(io)) < -1)
920 PerlIO_set_cnt(IoIFP(io),-1);
922 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) { /* not necessarily a real EOF yet? */
923 if (!nextargv(PL_argvgv)) /* get another fp handy */
927 return TRUE; /* normal fp, definitely end of file */
933 Perl_do_tell(pTHX_ GV *gv)
938 if (gv && (io = GvIO(gv)) && (fp = IoIFP(io))) {
939 #ifdef ULTRIX_STDIO_BOTCH
941 (void)PerlIO_seek(fp, 0L, 2); /* ultrix 1.2 workaround */
943 return PerlIO_tell(fp);
947 if (ckWARN2(WARN_UNOPENED,WARN_CLOSED))
948 report_evil_fh(gv, io, PL_op->op_type);
950 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS$_IFI);
955 Perl_do_seek(pTHX_ GV *gv, Off_t pos, int whence)
960 if (gv && (io = GvIO(gv)) && (fp = IoIFP(io))) {
961 #ifdef ULTRIX_STDIO_BOTCH
963 (void)PerlIO_seek(fp, 0L, 2); /* ultrix 1.2 workaround */
965 return PerlIO_seek(fp, pos, whence) >= 0;
969 if (ckWARN2(WARN_UNOPENED,WARN_CLOSED))
970 report_evil_fh(gv, io, PL_op->op_type);
972 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS$_IFI);
977 Perl_do_sysseek(pTHX_ GV *gv, Off_t pos, int whence)
982 if (gv && (io = GvIO(gv)) && (fp = IoIFP(io)))
983 return PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(fp), pos, whence);
986 if (ckWARN2(WARN_UNOPENED,WARN_CLOSED))
987 report_evil_fh(gv, io, PL_op->op_type);
989 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS$_IFI);
994 Perl_mode_from_discipline(pTHX_ SV *discp)
999 char *s = SvPV(discp,len);
1004 if (len > 3 && strnEQ(s+1, "raw", 3)
1005 && (!s[4] || s[4] == ':' || isSPACE(s[4])))
1014 if (len > 4 && strnEQ(s+1, "crlf", 4)
1015 && (!s[5] || s[5] == ':' || isSPACE(s[5])))
1024 goto fail_discipline;
1027 else if (isSPACE(*s)) {
1034 end = strchr(s+1, ':');
1037 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown discipline '%.*s'", end-s, s);
1045 Perl_do_binmode(pTHX_ PerlIO *fp, int iotype, int mode)
1048 # if defined(atarist) || defined(__MINT__)
1049 if (!PerlIO_flush(fp)) {
1050 if (mode & O_BINARY)
1051 ((FILE*)fp)->_flag |= _IOBIN;
1053 ((FILE*)fp)->_flag &= ~ _IOBIN;
1058 if (PerlLIO_setmode(PerlIO_fileno(fp), mode) != -1) {
1059 # if defined(WIN32) && defined(__BORLANDC__)
1060 /* The translation mode of the stream is maintained independent
1061 * of the translation mode of the fd in the Borland RTL (heavy
1062 * digging through their runtime sources reveal). User has to
1063 * set the mode explicitly for the stream (though they don't
1064 * document this anywhere). GSAR 97-5-24
1066 PerlIO_seek(fp,0L,0);
1067 if (mode & O_BINARY)
1068 ((FILE*)fp)->flags |= _F_BIN;
1070 ((FILE*)fp)->flags &= ~ _F_BIN;
1078 # if defined(USEMYBINMODE)
1079 if (my_binmode(fp, iotype, mode) != FALSE)
1089 #if !defined(HAS_TRUNCATE) && !defined(HAS_CHSIZE) && defined(F_FREESP)
1090 /* code courtesy of William Kucharski */
1093 I32 my_chsize(fd, length)
1094 I32 fd; /* file descriptor */
1095 Off_t length; /* length to set file to */
1098 struct stat filebuf;
1100 if (PerlLIO_fstat(fd, &filebuf) < 0)
1103 if (filebuf.st_size < length) {
1105 /* extend file length */
1107 if ((PerlLIO_lseek(fd, (length - 1), 0)) < 0)
1110 /* write a "0" byte */
1112 if ((PerlLIO_write(fd, "", 1)) != 1)
1116 /* truncate length */
1120 fl.l_start = length;
1121 fl.l_type = F_WRLCK; /* write lock on file space */
1124 * This relies on the UNDOCUMENTED F_FREESP argument to
1125 * fcntl(2), which truncates the file so that it ends at the
1126 * position indicated by fl.l_start.
1128 * Will minor miracles never cease?
1131 if (fcntl(fd, F_FREESP, &fl) < 0)
1138 #endif /* F_FREESP */
1141 Perl_do_print(pTHX_ register SV *sv, PerlIO *fp)
1143 register char *tmps;
1146 /* assuming fp is checked earlier */
1152 if (SvIOK(sv) && SvIVX(sv) != 0) {
1153 PerlIO_printf(fp, PL_ofmt, (NV)SvIVX(sv));
1154 return !PerlIO_error(fp);
1156 if ( (SvNOK(sv) && SvNVX(sv) != 0.0)
1157 || (looks_like_number(sv) && sv_2nv(sv) != 0.0) ) {
1158 PerlIO_printf(fp, PL_ofmt, SvNVX(sv));
1159 return !PerlIO_error(fp);
1162 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
1166 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
1175 PerlIO_printf(fp, "%"UVuf, (UV)SvUVX(sv));
1177 PerlIO_printf(fp, "%"IVdf, (IV)SvIVX(sv));
1178 return !PerlIO_error(fp);
1182 tmps = SvPV(sv, len);
1185 /* To detect whether the process is about to overstep its
1186 * filesize limit we would need getrlimit(). We could then
1187 * also transparently raise the limit with setrlimit() --
1188 * but only until the system hard limit/the filesystem limit,
1189 * at which we would get EPERM. Note that when using buffered
1190 * io the write failure can be delayed until the flush/close. --jhi */
1191 if (len && (PerlIO_write(fp,tmps,len) == 0 || PerlIO_error(fp)))
1193 return !PerlIO_error(fp);
1203 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
1208 if (io && IoIFP(io)) {
1210 sv_setpv(PL_statname,"");
1211 PL_laststype = OP_STAT;
1212 return (PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(io)), &PL_statcache));
1216 return PL_laststatval;
1217 if (ckWARN2(WARN_UNOPENED,WARN_CLOSED))
1218 report_evil_fh(gv, io, PL_op->op_type);
1220 sv_setpv(PL_statname,"");
1221 return (PL_laststatval = -1);
1229 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1233 else if (SvROK(sv) && SvTYPE(SvRV(sv)) == SVt_PVGV) {
1240 sv_setpv(PL_statname, s);
1241 PL_laststype = OP_STAT;
1242 PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_stat(s, &PL_statcache);
1243 if (PL_laststatval < 0 && ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE) && strchr(s, '\n'))
1244 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_NEWLINE, PL_warn_nl, "stat");
1245 return PL_laststatval;
1255 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
1257 if (cGVOP_gv == PL_defgv) {
1258 if (PL_laststype != OP_LSTAT)
1259 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "The stat preceding -l _ wasn't an lstat");
1260 return PL_laststatval;
1262 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "You can't use -l on a filehandle");
1265 PL_laststype = OP_LSTAT;
1269 sv_setpv(PL_statname,SvPV(sv, n_a));
1270 PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_lstat(SvPV(sv, n_a),&PL_statcache);
1271 if (PL_laststatval < 0 && ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE) && strchr(SvPV(sv, n_a), '\n'))
1272 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_NEWLINE, PL_warn_nl, "lstat");
1273 return PL_laststatval;
1277 Perl_do_aexec(pTHX_ SV *really, register SV **mark, register SV **sp)
1279 return do_aexec5(really, mark, sp, 0, 0);
1283 Perl_do_aexec5(pTHX_ SV *really, register SV **mark, register SV **sp,
1284 int fd, int do_report)
1286 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1287 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "exec? I'm not *that* kind of operating system");
1295 New(401,PL_Argv, sp - mark + 1, char*);
1297 while (++mark <= sp) {
1299 *a++ = SvPVx(*mark, n_a);
1304 if (*PL_Argv[0] != '/') /* will execvp use PATH? */
1305 TAINT_ENV(); /* testing IFS here is overkill, probably */
1306 if (really && *(tmps = SvPV(really, n_a)))
1307 PerlProc_execvp(tmps,PL_Argv);
1309 PerlProc_execvp(PL_Argv[0],PL_Argv);
1310 if (ckWARN(WARN_EXEC))
1311 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_EXEC, "Can't exec \"%s\": %s",
1312 PL_Argv[0], Strerror(errno));
1316 PerlLIO_write(fd, (void*)&e, sizeof(int));
1326 Perl_do_execfree(pTHX)
1330 PL_Argv = Null(char **);
1338 #if !defined(OS2) && !defined(WIN32) && !defined(DJGPP) && !defined(EPOC) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
1341 Perl_do_exec(pTHX_ char *cmd)
1343 return do_exec3(cmd,0,0);
1347 Perl_do_exec3(pTHX_ char *cmd, int fd, int do_report)
1353 while (*cmd && isSPACE(*cmd))
1356 /* save an extra exec if possible */
1359 if (strnEQ(cmd,PL_cshname,PL_cshlen) && strnEQ(cmd+PL_cshlen," -c",3)) {
1361 s = cmd+PL_cshlen+3;
1375 if (s[-1] == '\'') {
1377 PerlProc_execl(PL_cshname,"csh", flags,ncmd,(char*)0);
1385 /* see if there are shell metacharacters in it */
1387 if (*cmd == '.' && isSPACE(cmd[1]))
1390 if (strnEQ(cmd,"exec",4) && isSPACE(cmd[4]))
1393 for (s = cmd; *s && isALNUM(*s); s++) ; /* catch VAR=val gizmo */
1397 for (s = cmd; *s; s++) {
1398 if (*s != ' ' && !isALPHA(*s) && strchr("$&*(){}[]'\";\\|?<>~`\n",*s)) {
1399 if (*s == '\n' && !s[1]) {
1403 /* handle the 2>&1 construct at the end */
1404 if (*s == '>' && s[1] == '&' && s[2] == '1'
1405 && s > cmd + 1 && s[-1] == '2' && isSPACE(s[-2])
1406 && (!s[3] || isSPACE(s[3])))
1410 while (*t && isSPACE(*t))
1412 if (!*t && (dup2(1,2) != -1)) {
1418 PerlProc_execl(PL_sh_path, "sh", "-c", cmd, (char*)0);
1423 New(402,PL_Argv, (s - cmd) / 2 + 2, char*);
1424 PL_Cmd = savepvn(cmd, s-cmd);
1426 for (s = PL_Cmd; *s;) {
1427 while (*s && isSPACE(*s)) s++;
1430 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
1436 PerlProc_execvp(PL_Argv[0],PL_Argv);
1437 if (errno == ENOEXEC) { /* for system V NIH syndrome */
1445 if (ckWARN(WARN_EXEC))
1446 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_EXEC, "Can't exec \"%s\": %s",
1447 PL_Argv[0], Strerror(errno));
1449 PerlLIO_write(fd, (void*)&e, sizeof(int));
1458 #endif /* OS2 || WIN32 */
1461 Perl_apply(pTHX_ I32 type, register SV **mark, register SV **sp)
1466 register I32 tot = 0;
1469 SV **oldmark = mark;
1472 #define APPLY_TAINT_PROPER() \
1474 if (PL_tainted) { TAINT_PROPER(what); } \
1477 /* This is a first heuristic; it doesn't catch tainting magic. */
1479 while (++mark <= sp) {
1480 if (SvTAINTED(*mark)) {
1490 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1493 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1495 while (++mark <= sp) {
1496 char *name = SvPVx(*mark, n_a);
1497 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1498 if (PerlLIO_chmod(name, val))
1506 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1507 if (sp - mark > 2) {
1508 val = SvIVx(*++mark);
1509 val2 = SvIVx(*++mark);
1510 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1512 while (++mark <= sp) {
1513 char *name = SvPVx(*mark, n_a);
1514 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1515 if (PerlLIO_chown(name, val, val2))
1522 XXX Should we make lchown() directly available from perl?
1523 For now, we'll let Configure test for HAS_LCHOWN, but do
1524 nothing in the core.
1530 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1533 s = SvPVx(*++mark, n_a);
1535 if (*s == 'S' && s[1] == 'I' && s[2] == 'G')
1537 if (!(val = whichsig(s)))
1538 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized signal name \"%s\"",s);
1542 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1545 /* kill() doesn't do process groups (job trees?) under VMS */
1546 if (val < 0) val = -val;
1547 if (val == SIGKILL) {
1548 # include <starlet.h>
1549 /* Use native sys$delprc() to insure that target process is
1550 * deleted; supervisor-mode images don't pay attention to
1551 * CRTL's emulation of Unix-style signals and kill()
1553 while (++mark <= sp) {
1554 I32 proc = SvIVx(*mark);
1555 register unsigned long int __vmssts;
1556 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1557 if (!((__vmssts = sys$delprc(&proc,0)) & 1)) {
1561 case SS$_NOSUCHNODE:
1562 SETERRNO(ESRCH,__vmssts);
1565 SETERRNO(EPERM,__vmssts);
1568 SETERRNO(EVMSERR,__vmssts);
1577 while (++mark <= sp) {
1578 I32 proc = SvIVx(*mark);
1579 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1581 if (PerlProc_killpg(proc,val)) /* BSD */
1583 if (PerlProc_kill(-proc,val)) /* SYSV */
1589 while (++mark <= sp) {
1590 I32 proc = SvIVx(*mark);
1591 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1592 if (PerlProc_kill(proc, val))
1600 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1602 while (++mark <= sp) {
1603 s = SvPVx(*mark, n_a);
1604 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1605 if (PL_euid || PL_unsafe) {
1609 else { /* don't let root wipe out directories without -U */
1610 if (PerlLIO_lstat(s,&PL_statbuf) < 0 || S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode))
1622 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1623 if (sp - mark > 2) {
1624 #if defined(I_UTIME) || defined(VMS)
1625 struct utimbuf utbuf;
1633 Zero(&utbuf, sizeof utbuf, char);
1635 utbuf.actime = (Time_t)SvNVx(*++mark); /* time accessed */
1636 utbuf.modtime = (Time_t)SvNVx(*++mark); /* time modified */
1638 utbuf.actime = (Time_t)SvIVx(*++mark); /* time accessed */
1639 utbuf.modtime = (Time_t)SvIVx(*++mark); /* time modified */
1641 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1643 while (++mark <= sp) {
1644 char *name = SvPVx(*mark, n_a);
1645 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1646 if (PerlLIO_utime(name, &utbuf))
1657 #undef APPLY_TAINT_PROPER
1660 /* Do the permissions allow some operation? Assumes statcache already set. */
1661 #ifndef VMS /* VMS' cando is in vms.c */
1663 Perl_cando(pTHX_ Mode_t mode, Uid_t effective, register Stat_t *statbufp)
1664 /* Note: we use `effective' both for uids and gids.
1665 * Here we are betting on Uid_t being equal or wider than Gid_t. */
1668 /* [Comments and code from Len Reed]
1669 * MS-DOS "user" is similar to UNIX's "superuser," but can't write
1670 * to write-protected files. The execute permission bit is set
1671 * by the Miscrosoft C library stat() function for the following:
1676 * All files and directories are readable.
1677 * Directories and special files, e.g. "CON", cannot be
1679 * [Comment by Tom Dinger -- a directory can have the write-protect
1680 * bit set in the file system, but DOS permits changes to
1681 * the directory anyway. In addition, all bets are off
1682 * here for networked software, such as Novell and
1686 /* Atari stat() does pretty much the same thing. we set x_bit_set_in_stat
1687 * too so it will actually look into the files for magic numbers
1689 return (mode & statbufp->st_mode) ? TRUE : FALSE;
1691 #else /* ! DOSISH */
1692 if ((effective ? PL_euid : PL_uid) == 0) { /* root is special */
1693 if (mode == S_IXUSR) {
1694 if (statbufp->st_mode & 0111 || S_ISDIR(statbufp->st_mode))
1698 return TRUE; /* root reads and writes anything */
1701 if (statbufp->st_uid == (effective ? PL_euid : PL_uid) ) {
1702 if (statbufp->st_mode & mode)
1703 return TRUE; /* ok as "user" */
1705 else if (ingroup(statbufp->st_gid,effective)) {
1706 if (statbufp->st_mode & mode >> 3)
1707 return TRUE; /* ok as "group" */
1709 else if (statbufp->st_mode & mode >> 6)
1710 return TRUE; /* ok as "other" */
1712 #endif /* ! DOSISH */
1717 Perl_ingroup(pTHX_ Gid_t testgid, Uid_t effective)
1719 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1720 /* This is simply not correct for AppleShare, but fix it yerself. */
1723 if (testgid == (effective ? PL_egid : PL_gid))
1725 #ifdef HAS_GETGROUPS
1730 Groups_t gary[NGROUPS];
1733 anum = getgroups(NGROUPS,gary);
1735 if (gary[anum] == testgid)
1743 #if defined(HAS_MSG) || defined(HAS_SEM) || defined(HAS_SHM)
1746 Perl_do_ipcget(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
1752 key = (key_t)SvNVx(*++mark);
1753 n = (optype == OP_MSGGET) ? 0 : SvIVx(*++mark);
1754 flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
1760 return msgget(key, flags);
1764 return semget(key, n, flags);
1768 return shmget(key, n, flags);
1770 #if !defined(HAS_MSG) || !defined(HAS_SEM) || !defined(HAS_SHM)
1772 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
1775 return -1; /* should never happen */
1779 Perl_do_ipcctl(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
1784 I32 id, n, cmd, infosize, getinfo;
1787 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
1788 n = (optype == OP_SEMCTL) ? SvIVx(*++mark) : 0;
1789 cmd = SvIVx(*++mark);
1792 getinfo = (cmd == IPC_STAT);
1798 if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
1799 infosize = sizeof(struct msqid_ds);
1804 if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
1805 infosize = sizeof(struct shmid_ds);
1811 if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
1812 infosize = sizeof(struct semid_ds);
1813 else if (cmd == GETALL || cmd == SETALL)
1815 struct semid_ds semds;
1817 #ifdef EXTRA_F_IN_SEMUN_BUF
1818 semun.buff = &semds;
1822 getinfo = (cmd == GETALL);
1823 if (Semctl(id, 0, IPC_STAT, semun) == -1)
1825 infosize = semds.sem_nsems * sizeof(short);
1826 /* "short" is technically wrong but much more portable
1827 than guessing about u_?short(_t)? */
1830 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
1834 #if !defined(HAS_MSG) || !defined(HAS_SEM) || !defined(HAS_SHM)
1836 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
1845 SvPV_force(astr, len);
1846 a = SvGROW(astr, infosize+1);
1850 a = SvPV(astr, len);
1851 if (len != infosize)
1852 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad arg length for %s, is %lu, should be %ld",
1861 a = INT2PTR(char *,i); /* ouch */
1868 ret = msgctl(id, cmd, (struct msqid_ds *)a);
1874 union semun unsemds;
1876 #ifdef EXTRA_F_IN_SEMUN_BUF
1877 unsemds.buff = (struct semid_ds *)a;
1879 unsemds.buf = (struct semid_ds *)a;
1881 ret = Semctl(id, n, cmd, unsemds);
1883 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
1890 ret = shmctl(id, cmd, (struct shmid_ds *)a);
1894 if (getinfo && ret >= 0) {
1895 SvCUR_set(astr, infosize);
1896 *SvEND(astr) = '\0';
1903 Perl_do_msgsnd(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
1909 I32 id, msize, flags;
1912 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
1914 flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
1915 mbuf = SvPV(mstr, len);
1916 if ((msize = len - sizeof(long)) < 0)
1917 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Arg too short for msgsnd");
1919 return msgsnd(id, (struct msgbuf *)mbuf, msize, flags);
1921 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "msgsnd not implemented");
1926 Perl_do_msgrcv(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
1933 I32 id, msize, flags, ret;
1936 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
1938 /* suppress warning when reading into undef var --jhi */
1940 sv_setpvn(mstr, "", 0);
1941 msize = SvIVx(*++mark);
1942 mtype = (long)SvIVx(*++mark);
1943 flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
1944 SvPV_force(mstr, len);
1945 mbuf = SvGROW(mstr, sizeof(long)+msize+1);
1948 ret = msgrcv(id, (struct msgbuf *)mbuf, msize, mtype, flags);
1950 SvCUR_set(mstr, sizeof(long)+ret);
1951 *SvEND(mstr) = '\0';
1952 #ifndef INCOMPLETE_TAINTS
1953 /* who knows who has been playing with this message? */
1959 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "msgrcv not implemented");
1964 Perl_do_semop(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
1973 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
1975 opbuf = SvPV(opstr, opsize);
1976 if (opsize < sizeof(struct sembuf)
1977 || (opsize % sizeof(struct sembuf)) != 0) {
1978 SETERRNO(EINVAL,LIB$_INVARG);
1982 return semop(id, (struct sembuf *)opbuf, opsize/sizeof(struct sembuf));
1984 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "semop not implemented");
1989 Perl_do_shmio(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
1995 I32 id, mpos, msize;
1997 struct shmid_ds shmds;
1999 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
2001 mpos = SvIVx(*++mark);
2002 msize = SvIVx(*++mark);
2004 if (shmctl(id, IPC_STAT, &shmds) == -1)
2006 if (mpos < 0 || msize < 0 || mpos + msize > shmds.shm_segsz) {
2007 SETERRNO(EFAULT,SS$_ACCVIO); /* can't do as caller requested */
2010 shm = (char *)shmat(id, (char*)NULL, (optype == OP_SHMREAD) ? SHM_RDONLY : 0);
2011 if (shm == (char *)-1) /* I hate System V IPC, I really do */
2013 if (optype == OP_SHMREAD) {
2014 /* suppress warning when reading into undef var (tchrist 3/Mar/00) */
2016 sv_setpvn(mstr, "", 0);
2017 SvPV_force(mstr, len);
2018 mbuf = SvGROW(mstr, msize+1);
2020 Copy(shm + mpos, mbuf, msize, char);
2021 SvCUR_set(mstr, msize);
2022 *SvEND(mstr) = '\0';
2024 #ifndef INCOMPLETE_TAINTS
2025 /* who knows who has been playing with this shared memory? */
2032 mbuf = SvPV(mstr, len);
2033 if ((n = len) > msize)
2035 Copy(mbuf, shm + mpos, n, char);
2037 memzero(shm + mpos + n, msize - n);
2041 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "shm I/O not implemented");
2045 #endif /* SYSV IPC */