3 * Copyright (c) 1991-2000, Larry Wall
5 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
6 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
11 * "Far below them they saw the white waters pour into a foaming bowl, and
12 * then swirl darkly about a deep oval basin in the rocks, until they found
13 * their way out again through a narrow gate, and flowed away, fuming and
14 * chattering, into calmer and more level reaches."
18 #define PERL_IN_DOIO_C
21 #if defined(HAS_MSG) || defined(HAS_SEM) || defined(HAS_SHM)
30 # ifndef HAS_SHMAT_PROTOTYPE
31 extern Shmat_t shmat (int, char *, int);
37 # if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
38 # include <sys/utime.h>
45 # define OPEN_EXCL O_EXCL
50 #if !defined(NSIG) || defined(M_UNIX) || defined(M_XENIX)
54 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
60 Perl_do_open(pTHX_ GV *gv, register char *name, I32 len, int as_raw,
61 int rawmode, int rawperm, PerlIO *supplied_fp)
63 return do_open9(gv, name, len, as_raw, rawmode, rawperm,
64 supplied_fp, Nullsv, 0);
68 Perl_do_open9(pTHX_ GV *gv, register char *name, I32 len, int as_raw,
69 int rawmode, int rawperm, PerlIO *supplied_fp, SV *svs,
72 register IO *io = GvIOn(gv);
73 PerlIO *saveifp = Nullfp;
74 PerlIO *saveofp = Nullfp;
75 char savetype = IoTYPE_CLOSED;
80 bool was_fdopen = FALSE;
81 bool in_raw = 0, in_crlf = 0, out_raw = 0, out_crlf = 0;
83 PL_forkprocess = 1; /* assume true if no fork */
85 if (PL_op && PL_op->op_type == OP_OPEN) {
86 /* set up disciplines */
87 U8 flags = PL_op->op_private;
88 in_raw = (flags & OPpOPEN_IN_RAW);
89 in_crlf = (flags & OPpOPEN_IN_CRLF);
90 out_raw = (flags & OPpOPEN_OUT_RAW);
91 out_crlf = (flags & OPpOPEN_OUT_CRLF);
95 fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(io));
96 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_STD)
98 else if (fd <= PL_maxsysfd) {
101 savetype = IoTYPE(io);
104 else if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_PIPE)
105 result = PerlProc_pclose(IoIFP(io));
106 else if (IoIFP(io) != IoOFP(io)) {
108 result = PerlIO_close(IoOFP(io));
109 PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)); /* clear stdio, fd already closed */
112 result = PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io));
115 result = PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io));
116 if (result == EOF && fd > PL_maxsysfd)
117 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
118 "Warning: unable to close filehandle %s properly.\n",
120 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = Nullfp;
124 #if defined(USE_64_BIT_RAWIO) && defined(O_LARGEFILE)
125 rawmode |= O_LARGEFILE;
129 #define O_ACCMODE 3 /* Assume traditional implementation */
132 switch (result = rawmode & O_ACCMODE) {
134 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
137 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
141 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDWR;
145 writing = (result > 0);
146 fd = PerlLIO_open3(name, rawmode, rawperm);
153 if (result == O_RDONLY)
156 else if (rawmode & O_APPEND) {
158 if (result != O_WRONLY)
163 if (result == O_WRONLY)
170 if (rawmode & O_BINARY)
173 fp = PerlIO_fdopen(fd, fpmode);
183 char mode[4]; /* stdio file mode ("r\0", "rb\0", "r+b\0" etc.) */
186 type = savepvn(name, len);
191 name = SvPV(svs, l) ;
193 name = savepvn(name, len);
197 while (tlen && isSPACE(type[tlen-1]))
202 mode[0] = mode[1] = mode[2] = mode[3] = '\0';
204 if (*type == IoTYPE_RDWR && tlen > 1 && type[tlen-1] != IoTYPE_PIPE) { /* scary */
210 if (*type == IoTYPE_PIPE) {
211 if (num_svs && (tlen != 2 || type[1] != IoTYPE_STD)) {
213 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown open() mode '%.*s'", (int)olen, oname);
216 for (type++, tlen--; isSPACE(*type); type++, tlen--) ;
221 if (*name == '\0') { /* command is missing 19990114 */
223 if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
224 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_PIPE, "Missing command in piped open");
228 if (strNE(name,"-") || num_svs)
230 TAINT_PROPER("piped open");
231 if (name[len-1] == '|') {
234 if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
235 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_PIPE, "Can't open bidirectional pipe");
243 fp = PerlProc_popen(name,mode);
245 else if (*type == IoTYPE_WRONLY) {
246 TAINT_PROPER("open");
248 if (*type == IoTYPE_WRONLY) {
249 /* Two IoTYPE_WRONLYs in a row make for an IoTYPE_APPEND. */
250 mode[0] = IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_APPEND;
263 if (num_svs && tlen != 1)
274 if (!*name && supplied_fp)
278 for (; isSPACE(*name); name++) ;
283 gv = gv_fetchpv(name,FALSE,SVt_PVIO);
287 SETERRNO(EINVAL,SS$_IVCHAN);
292 PerlIO *fp = IoIFP(thatio);
293 /* Flush stdio buffer before dup. --mjd
294 * Unfortunately SEEK_CURing 0 seems to
295 * be optimized away on most platforms;
296 * only Solaris and Linux seem to flush
299 /* sfio fails to clear error on next
300 sfwrite, contrary to documentation.
302 if (PerlIO_seek(fp, 0, SEEK_CUR) == -1)
305 /* On the other hand, do all platforms
306 * take gracefully to flushing a read-only
307 * filehandle? Perhaps we should do
308 * fsetpos(src)+fgetpos(dst)? --nik */
310 fd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
311 /* When dup()ing STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
312 * explicitly set appropriate access mode */
313 if (IoIFP(thatio) == PerlIO_stdout()
314 || IoIFP(thatio) == PerlIO_stderr())
315 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
316 else if (IoIFP(thatio) == PerlIO_stdin())
317 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
318 /* When dup()ing a socket, say result is
320 else if (IoTYPE(thatio) == IoTYPE_SOCKET)
321 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET;
327 fd = PerlLIO_dup(fd);
330 if (!(fp = PerlIO_fdopen(fd,mode))) {
338 for (; isSPACE(*type); type++) ;
339 if (*type == IoTYPE_STD && !type[1]) {
340 fp = PerlIO_stdout();
341 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
344 fp = PerlIO_open((num_svs ? name : type), mode);
348 else if (*type == IoTYPE_RDONLY) {
349 if (num_svs && tlen != 1)
352 for (type++; isSPACE(*type); type++) ;
363 if (*type == IoTYPE_STD && !type[1]) {
365 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
368 fp = PerlIO_open((num_svs ? name : type), mode);
370 else if (tlen > 1 && type[tlen-1] == IoTYPE_PIPE) {
372 if (tlen != 2 || type[0] != IoTYPE_STD)
377 while (tlen && isSPACE(type[tlen-1]))
380 for (; isSPACE(*type); type++) ;
383 if (*name == '\0') { /* command is missing 19990114 */
385 if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
386 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_PIPE, "Missing command in piped open");
390 if (strNE(name,"-") || num_svs)
392 TAINT_PROPER("piped open");
398 fp = PerlProc_popen(name,mode);
399 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_PIPE;
405 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
407 for (; isSPACE(*name); name++) ;
408 if (strEQ(name,"-")) {
410 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
418 fp = PerlIO_open(name,mode);
424 if (ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE) && IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_RDONLY && strchr(name, '\n'))
425 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_NEWLINE, PL_warn_nl, "open");
429 IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_PIPE && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_STD) {
431 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(fp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) {
432 (void)PerlIO_close(fp);
435 if (S_ISSOCK(PL_statbuf.st_mode))
436 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET; /* in case a socket was passed in to us */
440 !(PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IFMT)
444 && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_WRONLY /* Dups of STD* filehandles already have */
445 && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_RDONLY /* type so they aren't marked as sockets */
446 ) { /* on OS's that return 0 on fstat()ed pipe */
448 Sock_size_t buflen = sizeof tmpbuf;
449 if (PerlSock_getsockname(PerlIO_fileno(fp), (struct sockaddr *)tmpbuf,
451 || errno != ENOTSOCK)
452 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET; /* some OS's return 0 on fstat()ed socket */
453 /* but some return 0 for streams too, sigh */
457 if (saveifp) { /* must use old fp? */
458 fd = PerlIO_fileno(saveifp);
460 PerlIO_flush(saveofp); /* emulate PerlIO_close() */
461 if (saveofp != saveifp) { /* was a socket? */
462 PerlIO_close(saveofp);
467 if (fd != PerlIO_fileno(fp)) {
471 PerlLIO_dup2(PerlIO_fileno(fp), fd);
473 sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,PerlIO_fileno(fp),TRUE);
474 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_IV);
477 sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,fd,TRUE);
479 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_IV);
488 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
490 int save_errno = errno;
491 fd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
492 fcntl(fd,F_SETFD,fd > PL_maxsysfd); /* can change errno */
497 IoFLAGS(io) &= ~IOf_NOLINE;
500 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_SOCKET
501 || (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY && S_ISCHR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) )
511 if (!(IoOFP(io) = PerlIO_fdopen(PerlIO_fileno(fp),mode))) {
525 IoTYPE(io) = savetype;
530 Perl_nextargv(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
533 #ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
542 PL_argvoutgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGVOUT",TRUE,SVt_PVIO);
543 if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV) && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_START)) {
544 IoFLAGS(io) &= ~IOf_START;
546 if (!PL_argvout_stack)
547 PL_argvout_stack = newAV();
548 av_push(PL_argvout_stack, SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defoutgv));
551 if (PL_filemode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
552 PerlIO_flush(IoIFP(GvIOn(PL_argvoutgv))); /* chmod must follow last write */
554 (void)fchmod(PL_lastfd,PL_filemode);
556 (void)PerlLIO_chmod(PL_oldname,PL_filemode);
560 while (av_len(GvAV(gv)) >= 0) {
563 sv = av_shift(GvAV(gv));
565 sv_setsv(GvSV(gv),sv);
566 SvSETMAGIC(GvSV(gv));
567 PL_oldname = SvPVx(GvSV(gv), oldlen);
568 if (do_open(gv,PL_oldname,oldlen,PL_inplace!=0,O_RDONLY,0,Nullfp)) {
570 TAINT_PROPER("inplace open");
571 if (oldlen == 1 && *PL_oldname == '-') {
572 setdefout(gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE,SVt_PVIO));
573 return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
575 #ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
576 filedev = PL_statbuf.st_dev;
577 fileino = PL_statbuf.st_ino;
579 PL_filemode = PL_statbuf.st_mode;
580 fileuid = PL_statbuf.st_uid;
581 filegid = PL_statbuf.st_gid;
582 if (!S_ISREG(PL_filemode)) {
583 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE))
584 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INPLACE,
585 "Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file",
591 char *star = strchr(PL_inplace, '*');
593 char *begin = PL_inplace;
594 sv_setpvn(sv, "", 0);
596 sv_catpvn(sv, begin, star - begin);
597 sv_catpvn(sv, PL_oldname, oldlen);
599 } while ((star = strchr(begin, '*')));
604 sv_catpv(sv,PL_inplace);
606 #ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
607 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(sv),&PL_statbuf) >= 0
608 && PL_statbuf.st_dev == filedev
609 && PL_statbuf.st_ino == fileino
611 || (_djstat_fail_bits & _STFAIL_TRUENAME)!=0
615 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE))
616 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INPLACE,
617 "Can't do inplace edit: %s would not be unique",
624 #if !defined(DOSISH) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
625 if (PerlLIO_rename(PL_oldname,SvPVX(sv)) < 0) {
626 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE))
627 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INPLACE,
628 "Can't rename %s to %s: %s, skipping file",
629 PL_oldname, SvPVX(sv), Strerror(errno) );
635 (void)PerlLIO_unlink(SvPVX(sv));
636 (void)PerlLIO_rename(PL_oldname,SvPVX(sv));
637 do_open(gv,SvPVX(sv),SvCUR(sv),PL_inplace!=0,O_RDONLY,0,Nullfp);
640 (void)UNLINK(SvPVX(sv));
641 if (link(PL_oldname,SvPVX(sv)) < 0) {
642 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE))
643 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INPLACE,
644 "Can't rename %s to %s: %s, skipping file",
645 PL_oldname, SvPVX(sv), Strerror(errno) );
649 (void)UNLINK(PL_oldname);
653 #if !defined(DOSISH) && !defined(AMIGAOS)
654 # ifndef VMS /* Don't delete; use automatic file versioning */
655 if (UNLINK(PL_oldname) < 0) {
656 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE))
657 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INPLACE,
658 "Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file",
659 PL_oldname, Strerror(errno) );
665 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do inplace edit without backup");
669 sv_setpvn(sv,">",!PL_inplace);
670 sv_catpvn(sv,PL_oldname,oldlen);
671 SETERRNO(0,0); /* in case sprintf set errno */
673 if (!do_open(PL_argvoutgv,SvPVX(sv),SvCUR(sv),PL_inplace!=0,
674 O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC,0,Nullfp))
676 if (!do_open(PL_argvoutgv,SvPVX(sv),SvCUR(sv),PL_inplace!=0,
677 O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|OPEN_EXCL,0666,Nullfp))
680 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE))
681 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INPLACE, "Can't do inplace edit on %s: %s",
682 PL_oldname, Strerror(errno) );
686 setdefout(PL_argvoutgv);
687 PL_lastfd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(GvIOp(PL_argvoutgv)));
688 (void)PerlLIO_fstat(PL_lastfd,&PL_statbuf);
690 (void)fchmod(PL_lastfd,PL_filemode);
692 # if !(defined(WIN32) && defined(__BORLANDC__))
693 /* Borland runtime creates a readonly file! */
694 (void)PerlLIO_chmod(PL_oldname,PL_filemode);
697 if (fileuid != PL_statbuf.st_uid || filegid != PL_statbuf.st_gid) {
699 (void)fchown(PL_lastfd,fileuid,filegid);
702 (void)PerlLIO_chown(PL_oldname,fileuid,filegid);
707 return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
711 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE)) {
713 if (PerlLIO_stat(PL_oldname, &PL_statbuf) >= 0
714 && !S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode))
716 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INPLACE,
717 "Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file",
721 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INPLACE, "Can't open %s: %s",
722 PL_oldname, Strerror(eno));
726 if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV))
727 IoFLAGS(io) |= IOf_START;
729 (void)do_close(PL_argvoutgv,FALSE);
730 if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV)
731 && PL_argvout_stack && AvFILLp(PL_argvout_stack) >= 0)
733 GV *oldout = (GV*)av_pop(PL_argvout_stack);
735 SvREFCNT_dec(oldout);
738 setdefout(gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE,SVt_PVIO));
745 Perl_do_pipe(pTHX_ SV *sv, GV *rgv, GV *wgv)
764 if (PerlProc_pipe(fd) < 0)
766 IoIFP(rstio) = PerlIO_fdopen(fd[0], "r");
767 IoOFP(wstio) = PerlIO_fdopen(fd[1], "w");
768 IoIFP(wstio) = IoOFP(wstio);
769 IoTYPE(rstio) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
770 IoTYPE(wstio) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
771 if (!IoIFP(rstio) || !IoOFP(wstio)) {
772 if (IoIFP(rstio)) PerlIO_close(IoIFP(rstio));
773 else PerlLIO_close(fd[0]);
774 if (IoOFP(wstio)) PerlIO_close(IoOFP(wstio));
775 else PerlLIO_close(fd[1]);
779 sv_setsv(sv,&PL_sv_yes);
783 sv_setsv(sv,&PL_sv_undef);
788 /* explicit renamed to avoid C++ conflict -- kja */
790 Perl_do_close(pTHX_ GV *gv, bool not_implicit)
797 if (!gv || SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
799 SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
803 if (!io) { /* never opened */
806 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNOPENED)) /* no check for closed here */
807 report_evil_fh(gv, io, PL_op->op_type);
808 SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
812 retval = io_close(io, not_implicit);
816 IoLINES_LEFT(io) = IoPAGE_LEN(io);
818 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_CLOSED;
823 Perl_io_close(pTHX_ IO *io, bool not_implicit)
829 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_PIPE) {
830 status = PerlProc_pclose(IoIFP(io));
832 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
833 retval = (STATUS_POSIX == 0);
836 retval = (status != -1);
839 else if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_STD)
842 if (IoOFP(io) && IoOFP(io) != IoIFP(io)) { /* a socket */
843 retval = (PerlIO_close(IoOFP(io)) != EOF);
844 PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)); /* clear stdio, fd already closed */
847 retval = (PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)) != EOF);
849 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = Nullfp;
851 else if (not_implicit) {
852 SETERRNO(EBADF,SS$_IVCHAN);
859 Perl_do_eof(pTHX_ GV *gv)
869 else if (ckWARN(WARN_IO)
870 && (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY || IoIFP(io) == PerlIO_stdout()
871 || IoIFP(io) == PerlIO_stderr()))
873 /* integrate to report_evil_fh()? */
876 SV* sv = sv_newmortal();
877 gv_efullname4(sv, gv, Nullch, FALSE);
878 name = SvPV_nolen(sv);
881 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_IO,
882 "Filehandle %s opened only for output", name);
884 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_IO,
885 "Filehandle opened only for output");
890 if (PerlIO_has_cntptr(IoIFP(io))) { /* (the code works without this) */
891 if (PerlIO_get_cnt(IoIFP(io)) > 0) /* cheat a little, since */
892 return FALSE; /* this is the most usual case */
895 ch = PerlIO_getc(IoIFP(io));
897 (void)PerlIO_ungetc(IoIFP(io),ch);
900 if (PerlIO_has_cntptr(IoIFP(io)) && PerlIO_canset_cnt(IoIFP(io))) {
901 if (PerlIO_get_cnt(IoIFP(io)) < -1)
902 PerlIO_set_cnt(IoIFP(io),-1);
904 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) { /* not necessarily a real EOF yet? */
905 if (!nextargv(PL_argvgv)) /* get another fp handy */
909 return TRUE; /* normal fp, definitely end of file */
915 Perl_do_tell(pTHX_ GV *gv)
920 if (gv && (io = GvIO(gv)) && (fp = IoIFP(io))) {
921 #ifdef ULTRIX_STDIO_BOTCH
923 (void)PerlIO_seek(fp, 0L, 2); /* ultrix 1.2 workaround */
925 return PerlIO_tell(fp);
929 if (ckWARN2(WARN_UNOPENED,WARN_CLOSED))
930 report_evil_fh(gv, io, PL_op->op_type);
932 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS$_IFI);
937 Perl_do_seek(pTHX_ GV *gv, Off_t pos, int whence)
942 if (gv && (io = GvIO(gv)) && (fp = IoIFP(io))) {
943 #ifdef ULTRIX_STDIO_BOTCH
945 (void)PerlIO_seek(fp, 0L, 2); /* ultrix 1.2 workaround */
947 return PerlIO_seek(fp, pos, whence) >= 0;
951 if (ckWARN2(WARN_UNOPENED,WARN_CLOSED))
952 report_evil_fh(gv, io, PL_op->op_type);
954 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS$_IFI);
959 Perl_do_sysseek(pTHX_ GV *gv, Off_t pos, int whence)
964 if (gv && (io = GvIO(gv)) && (fp = IoIFP(io)))
965 return PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(fp), pos, whence);
968 if (ckWARN2(WARN_UNOPENED,WARN_CLOSED))
969 report_evil_fh(gv, io, PL_op->op_type);
971 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS$_IFI);
976 Perl_mode_from_discipline(pTHX_ SV *discp)
981 char *s = SvPV(discp,len);
986 if (len > 3 && strnEQ(s+1, "raw", 3)
987 && (!s[4] || s[4] == ':' || isSPACE(s[4])))
996 if (len > 4 && strnEQ(s+1, "crlf", 4)
997 && (!s[5] || s[5] == ':' || isSPACE(s[5])))
1006 goto fail_discipline;
1009 else if (isSPACE(*s)) {
1016 end = strchr(s+1, ':');
1019 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown discipline '%.*s'", end-s, s);
1027 Perl_do_binmode(pTHX_ PerlIO *fp, int iotype, int mode)
1030 # if defined(atarist) || defined(__MINT__)
1031 if (!PerlIO_flush(fp)) {
1032 if (mode & O_BINARY)
1033 ((FILE*)fp)->_flag |= _IOBIN;
1035 ((FILE*)fp)->_flag &= ~ _IOBIN;
1040 if (PerlLIO_setmode(PerlIO_fileno(fp), mode) != -1) {
1041 # if defined(WIN32) && defined(__BORLANDC__)
1042 /* The translation mode of the stream is maintained independent
1043 * of the translation mode of the fd in the Borland RTL (heavy
1044 * digging through their runtime sources reveal). User has to
1045 * set the mode explicitly for the stream (though they don't
1046 * document this anywhere). GSAR 97-5-24
1048 PerlIO_seek(fp,0L,0);
1049 if (mode & O_BINARY)
1050 ((FILE*)fp)->flags |= _F_BIN;
1052 ((FILE*)fp)->flags &= ~ _F_BIN;
1060 # if defined(USEMYBINMODE)
1061 if (my_binmode(fp, iotype, mode) != FALSE)
1071 #if !defined(HAS_TRUNCATE) && !defined(HAS_CHSIZE) && defined(F_FREESP)
1072 /* code courtesy of William Kucharski */
1075 I32 my_chsize(fd, length)
1076 I32 fd; /* file descriptor */
1077 Off_t length; /* length to set file to */
1080 struct stat filebuf;
1082 if (PerlLIO_fstat(fd, &filebuf) < 0)
1085 if (filebuf.st_size < length) {
1087 /* extend file length */
1089 if ((PerlLIO_lseek(fd, (length - 1), 0)) < 0)
1092 /* write a "0" byte */
1094 if ((PerlLIO_write(fd, "", 1)) != 1)
1098 /* truncate length */
1102 fl.l_start = length;
1103 fl.l_type = F_WRLCK; /* write lock on file space */
1106 * This relies on the UNDOCUMENTED F_FREESP argument to
1107 * fcntl(2), which truncates the file so that it ends at the
1108 * position indicated by fl.l_start.
1110 * Will minor miracles never cease?
1113 if (fcntl(fd, F_FREESP, &fl) < 0)
1120 #endif /* F_FREESP */
1123 Perl_do_print(pTHX_ register SV *sv, PerlIO *fp)
1125 register char *tmps;
1128 /* assuming fp is checked earlier */
1134 if (SvIOK(sv) && SvIVX(sv) != 0) {
1135 PerlIO_printf(fp, PL_ofmt, (NV)SvIVX(sv));
1136 return !PerlIO_error(fp);
1138 if ( (SvNOK(sv) && SvNVX(sv) != 0.0)
1139 || (looks_like_number(sv) && sv_2nv(sv) != 0.0) ) {
1140 PerlIO_printf(fp, PL_ofmt, SvNVX(sv));
1141 return !PerlIO_error(fp);
1144 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
1148 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
1157 PerlIO_printf(fp, "%"UVuf, (UV)SvUVX(sv));
1159 PerlIO_printf(fp, "%"IVdf, (IV)SvIVX(sv));
1160 return !PerlIO_error(fp);
1165 /* XXX Fix this when the I/O disciplines arrive. XXX */
1167 sv_utf8_downgrade(sv, FALSE);
1169 tmps = SvPV(sv, len);
1172 /* To detect whether the process is about to overstep its
1173 * filesize limit we would need getrlimit(). We could then
1174 * also transparently raise the limit with setrlimit() --
1175 * but only until the system hard limit/the filesystem limit,
1176 * at which we would get EPERM. Note that when using buffered
1177 * io the write failure can be delayed until the flush/close. --jhi */
1178 if (len && (PerlIO_write(fp,tmps,len) == 0))
1180 return !PerlIO_error(fp);
1190 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
1195 if (io && IoIFP(io)) {
1197 sv_setpv(PL_statname,"");
1198 PL_laststype = OP_STAT;
1199 return (PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(io)), &PL_statcache));
1203 return PL_laststatval;
1204 if (ckWARN2(WARN_UNOPENED,WARN_CLOSED))
1205 report_evil_fh(gv, io, PL_op->op_type);
1207 sv_setpv(PL_statname,"");
1208 return (PL_laststatval = -1);
1216 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1220 else if (SvROK(sv) && SvTYPE(SvRV(sv)) == SVt_PVGV) {
1227 sv_setpv(PL_statname, s);
1228 PL_laststype = OP_STAT;
1229 PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_stat(s, &PL_statcache);
1230 if (PL_laststatval < 0 && ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE) && strchr(s, '\n'))
1231 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_NEWLINE, PL_warn_nl, "stat");
1232 return PL_laststatval;
1242 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
1244 if (cGVOP_gv == PL_defgv) {
1245 if (PL_laststype != OP_LSTAT)
1246 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "The stat preceding -l _ wasn't an lstat");
1247 return PL_laststatval;
1249 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "You can't use -l on a filehandle");
1252 PL_laststype = OP_LSTAT;
1256 sv_setpv(PL_statname,SvPV(sv, n_a));
1257 PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_lstat(SvPV(sv, n_a),&PL_statcache);
1258 if (PL_laststatval < 0 && ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE) && strchr(SvPV(sv, n_a), '\n'))
1259 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_NEWLINE, PL_warn_nl, "lstat");
1260 return PL_laststatval;
1264 Perl_do_aexec(pTHX_ SV *really, register SV **mark, register SV **sp)
1266 return do_aexec5(really, mark, sp, 0, 0);
1270 Perl_do_aexec5(pTHX_ SV *really, register SV **mark, register SV **sp,
1271 int fd, int do_report)
1273 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1274 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "exec? I'm not *that* kind of operating system");
1282 New(401,PL_Argv, sp - mark + 1, char*);
1284 while (++mark <= sp) {
1286 *a++ = SvPVx(*mark, n_a);
1291 if (*PL_Argv[0] != '/') /* will execvp use PATH? */
1292 TAINT_ENV(); /* testing IFS here is overkill, probably */
1293 if (really && *(tmps = SvPV(really, n_a)))
1294 PerlProc_execvp(tmps,PL_Argv);
1296 PerlProc_execvp(PL_Argv[0],PL_Argv);
1297 if (ckWARN(WARN_EXEC))
1298 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_EXEC, "Can't exec \"%s\": %s",
1299 PL_Argv[0], Strerror(errno));
1303 PerlLIO_write(fd, (void*)&e, sizeof(int));
1313 Perl_do_execfree(pTHX)
1317 PL_Argv = Null(char **);
1325 #if !defined(OS2) && !defined(WIN32) && !defined(DJGPP) && !defined(EPOC) && !defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
1328 Perl_do_exec(pTHX_ char *cmd)
1330 return do_exec3(cmd,0,0);
1334 Perl_do_exec3(pTHX_ char *cmd, int fd, int do_report)
1340 while (*cmd && isSPACE(*cmd))
1343 /* save an extra exec if possible */
1346 if (strnEQ(cmd,PL_cshname,PL_cshlen) && strnEQ(cmd+PL_cshlen," -c",3)) {
1348 s = cmd+PL_cshlen+3;
1362 if (s[-1] == '\'') {
1364 PerlProc_execl(PL_cshname,"csh", flags,ncmd,(char*)0);
1372 /* see if there are shell metacharacters in it */
1374 if (*cmd == '.' && isSPACE(cmd[1]))
1377 if (strnEQ(cmd,"exec",4) && isSPACE(cmd[4]))
1380 for (s = cmd; *s && isALNUM(*s); s++) ; /* catch VAR=val gizmo */
1384 for (s = cmd; *s; s++) {
1385 if (*s != ' ' && !isALPHA(*s) && strchr("$&*(){}[]'\";\\|?<>~`\n",*s)) {
1386 if (*s == '\n' && !s[1]) {
1390 /* handle the 2>&1 construct at the end */
1391 if (*s == '>' && s[1] == '&' && s[2] == '1'
1392 && s > cmd + 1 && s[-1] == '2' && isSPACE(s[-2])
1393 && (!s[3] || isSPACE(s[3])))
1397 while (*t && isSPACE(*t))
1399 if (!*t && (dup2(1,2) != -1)) {
1405 PerlProc_execl(PL_sh_path, "sh", "-c", cmd, (char*)0);
1410 New(402,PL_Argv, (s - cmd) / 2 + 2, char*);
1411 PL_Cmd = savepvn(cmd, s-cmd);
1413 for (s = PL_Cmd; *s;) {
1414 while (*s && isSPACE(*s)) s++;
1417 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
1423 PerlProc_execvp(PL_Argv[0],PL_Argv);
1424 if (errno == ENOEXEC) { /* for system V NIH syndrome */
1432 if (ckWARN(WARN_EXEC))
1433 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_EXEC, "Can't exec \"%s\": %s",
1434 PL_Argv[0], Strerror(errno));
1436 PerlLIO_write(fd, (void*)&e, sizeof(int));
1445 #endif /* OS2 || WIN32 */
1448 Perl_apply(pTHX_ I32 type, register SV **mark, register SV **sp)
1453 register I32 tot = 0;
1456 SV **oldmark = mark;
1459 #define APPLY_TAINT_PROPER() \
1461 if (PL_tainted) { TAINT_PROPER(what); } \
1464 /* This is a first heuristic; it doesn't catch tainting magic. */
1466 while (++mark <= sp) {
1467 if (SvTAINTED(*mark)) {
1477 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1480 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1482 while (++mark <= sp) {
1483 char *name = SvPVx(*mark, n_a);
1484 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1485 if (PerlLIO_chmod(name, val))
1493 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1494 if (sp - mark > 2) {
1495 val = SvIVx(*++mark);
1496 val2 = SvIVx(*++mark);
1497 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1499 while (++mark <= sp) {
1500 char *name = SvPVx(*mark, n_a);
1501 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1502 if (PerlLIO_chown(name, val, val2))
1509 XXX Should we make lchown() directly available from perl?
1510 For now, we'll let Configure test for HAS_LCHOWN, but do
1511 nothing in the core.
1517 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1520 s = SvPVx(*++mark, n_a);
1522 if (*s == 'S' && s[1] == 'I' && s[2] == 'G')
1524 if (!(val = whichsig(s)))
1525 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized signal name \"%s\"",s);
1529 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1532 /* kill() doesn't do process groups (job trees?) under VMS */
1533 if (val < 0) val = -val;
1534 if (val == SIGKILL) {
1535 # include <starlet.h>
1536 /* Use native sys$delprc() to insure that target process is
1537 * deleted; supervisor-mode images don't pay attention to
1538 * CRTL's emulation of Unix-style signals and kill()
1540 while (++mark <= sp) {
1541 I32 proc = SvIVx(*mark);
1542 register unsigned long int __vmssts;
1543 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1544 if (!((__vmssts = sys$delprc(&proc,0)) & 1)) {
1548 case SS$_NOSUCHNODE:
1549 SETERRNO(ESRCH,__vmssts);
1552 SETERRNO(EPERM,__vmssts);
1555 SETERRNO(EVMSERR,__vmssts);
1564 while (++mark <= sp) {
1565 I32 proc = SvIVx(*mark);
1566 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1568 if (PerlProc_killpg(proc,val)) /* BSD */
1570 if (PerlProc_kill(-proc,val)) /* SYSV */
1576 while (++mark <= sp) {
1577 I32 proc = SvIVx(*mark);
1578 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1579 if (PerlProc_kill(proc, val))
1587 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1589 while (++mark <= sp) {
1590 s = SvPVx(*mark, n_a);
1591 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1592 if (PL_euid || PL_unsafe) {
1596 else { /* don't let root wipe out directories without -U */
1597 if (PerlLIO_lstat(s,&PL_statbuf) < 0 || S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode))
1609 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1610 if (sp - mark > 2) {
1611 #if defined(I_UTIME) || defined(VMS)
1612 struct utimbuf utbuf;
1620 Zero(&utbuf, sizeof utbuf, char);
1622 utbuf.actime = (Time_t)SvNVx(*++mark); /* time accessed */
1623 utbuf.modtime = (Time_t)SvNVx(*++mark); /* time modified */
1625 utbuf.actime = (Time_t)SvIVx(*++mark); /* time accessed */
1626 utbuf.modtime = (Time_t)SvIVx(*++mark); /* time modified */
1628 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1630 while (++mark <= sp) {
1631 char *name = SvPVx(*mark, n_a);
1632 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1633 if (PerlLIO_utime(name, &utbuf))
1644 #undef APPLY_TAINT_PROPER
1647 /* Do the permissions allow some operation? Assumes statcache already set. */
1648 #ifndef VMS /* VMS' cando is in vms.c */
1650 Perl_cando(pTHX_ Mode_t mode, Uid_t effective, register Stat_t *statbufp)
1651 /* Note: we use `effective' both for uids and gids.
1652 * Here we are betting on Uid_t being equal or wider than Gid_t. */
1655 /* [Comments and code from Len Reed]
1656 * MS-DOS "user" is similar to UNIX's "superuser," but can't write
1657 * to write-protected files. The execute permission bit is set
1658 * by the Miscrosoft C library stat() function for the following:
1663 * All files and directories are readable.
1664 * Directories and special files, e.g. "CON", cannot be
1666 * [Comment by Tom Dinger -- a directory can have the write-protect
1667 * bit set in the file system, but DOS permits changes to
1668 * the directory anyway. In addition, all bets are off
1669 * here for networked software, such as Novell and
1673 /* Atari stat() does pretty much the same thing. we set x_bit_set_in_stat
1674 * too so it will actually look into the files for magic numbers
1676 return (mode & statbufp->st_mode) ? TRUE : FALSE;
1678 #else /* ! DOSISH */
1679 if ((effective ? PL_euid : PL_uid) == 0) { /* root is special */
1680 if (mode == S_IXUSR) {
1681 if (statbufp->st_mode & 0111 || S_ISDIR(statbufp->st_mode))
1685 return TRUE; /* root reads and writes anything */
1688 if (statbufp->st_uid == (effective ? PL_euid : PL_uid) ) {
1689 if (statbufp->st_mode & mode)
1690 return TRUE; /* ok as "user" */
1692 else if (ingroup(statbufp->st_gid,effective)) {
1693 if (statbufp->st_mode & mode >> 3)
1694 return TRUE; /* ok as "group" */
1696 else if (statbufp->st_mode & mode >> 6)
1697 return TRUE; /* ok as "other" */
1699 #endif /* ! DOSISH */
1704 Perl_ingroup(pTHX_ Gid_t testgid, Uid_t effective)
1706 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1707 /* This is simply not correct for AppleShare, but fix it yerself. */
1710 if (testgid == (effective ? PL_egid : PL_gid))
1712 #ifdef HAS_GETGROUPS
1717 Groups_t gary[NGROUPS];
1720 anum = getgroups(NGROUPS,gary);
1722 if (gary[anum] == testgid)
1730 #if defined(HAS_MSG) || defined(HAS_SEM) || defined(HAS_SHM)
1733 Perl_do_ipcget(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
1739 key = (key_t)SvNVx(*++mark);
1740 n = (optype == OP_MSGGET) ? 0 : SvIVx(*++mark);
1741 flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
1747 return msgget(key, flags);
1751 return semget(key, n, flags);
1755 return shmget(key, n, flags);
1757 #if !defined(HAS_MSG) || !defined(HAS_SEM) || !defined(HAS_SHM)
1759 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
1762 return -1; /* should never happen */
1766 Perl_do_ipcctl(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
1771 I32 id, n, cmd, infosize, getinfo;
1774 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
1775 n = (optype == OP_SEMCTL) ? SvIVx(*++mark) : 0;
1776 cmd = SvIVx(*++mark);
1779 getinfo = (cmd == IPC_STAT);
1785 if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
1786 infosize = sizeof(struct msqid_ds);
1791 if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
1792 infosize = sizeof(struct shmid_ds);
1798 if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
1799 infosize = sizeof(struct semid_ds);
1800 else if (cmd == GETALL || cmd == SETALL)
1802 struct semid_ds semds;
1804 #ifdef EXTRA_F_IN_SEMUN_BUF
1805 semun.buff = &semds;
1809 getinfo = (cmd == GETALL);
1810 if (Semctl(id, 0, IPC_STAT, semun) == -1)
1812 infosize = semds.sem_nsems * sizeof(short);
1813 /* "short" is technically wrong but much more portable
1814 than guessing about u_?short(_t)? */
1817 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
1821 #if !defined(HAS_MSG) || !defined(HAS_SEM) || !defined(HAS_SHM)
1823 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
1832 SvPV_force(astr, len);
1833 a = SvGROW(astr, infosize+1);
1837 a = SvPV(astr, len);
1838 if (len != infosize)
1839 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad arg length for %s, is %lu, should be %ld",
1848 a = INT2PTR(char *,i); /* ouch */
1855 ret = msgctl(id, cmd, (struct msqid_ds *)a);
1861 union semun unsemds;
1863 #ifdef EXTRA_F_IN_SEMUN_BUF
1864 unsemds.buff = (struct semid_ds *)a;
1866 unsemds.buf = (struct semid_ds *)a;
1868 ret = Semctl(id, n, cmd, unsemds);
1870 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
1877 ret = shmctl(id, cmd, (struct shmid_ds *)a);
1881 if (getinfo && ret >= 0) {
1882 SvCUR_set(astr, infosize);
1883 *SvEND(astr) = '\0';
1890 Perl_do_msgsnd(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
1896 I32 id, msize, flags;
1899 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
1901 flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
1902 mbuf = SvPV(mstr, len);
1903 if ((msize = len - sizeof(long)) < 0)
1904 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Arg too short for msgsnd");
1906 return msgsnd(id, (struct msgbuf *)mbuf, msize, flags);
1908 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "msgsnd not implemented");
1913 Perl_do_msgrcv(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
1920 I32 id, msize, flags, ret;
1923 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
1925 /* suppress warning when reading into undef var --jhi */
1927 sv_setpvn(mstr, "", 0);
1928 msize = SvIVx(*++mark);
1929 mtype = (long)SvIVx(*++mark);
1930 flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
1931 SvPV_force(mstr, len);
1932 mbuf = SvGROW(mstr, sizeof(long)+msize+1);
1935 ret = msgrcv(id, (struct msgbuf *)mbuf, msize, mtype, flags);
1937 SvCUR_set(mstr, sizeof(long)+ret);
1938 *SvEND(mstr) = '\0';
1939 #ifndef INCOMPLETE_TAINTS
1940 /* who knows who has been playing with this message? */
1946 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "msgrcv not implemented");
1951 Perl_do_semop(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
1960 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
1962 opbuf = SvPV(opstr, opsize);
1963 if (opsize < sizeof(struct sembuf)
1964 || (opsize % sizeof(struct sembuf)) != 0) {
1965 SETERRNO(EINVAL,LIB$_INVARG);
1969 return semop(id, (struct sembuf *)opbuf, opsize/sizeof(struct sembuf));
1971 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "semop not implemented");
1976 Perl_do_shmio(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
1982 I32 id, mpos, msize;
1984 struct shmid_ds shmds;
1986 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
1988 mpos = SvIVx(*++mark);
1989 msize = SvIVx(*++mark);
1991 if (shmctl(id, IPC_STAT, &shmds) == -1)
1993 if (mpos < 0 || msize < 0 || mpos + msize > shmds.shm_segsz) {
1994 SETERRNO(EFAULT,SS$_ACCVIO); /* can't do as caller requested */
1997 shm = (char *)shmat(id, (char*)NULL, (optype == OP_SHMREAD) ? SHM_RDONLY : 0);
1998 if (shm == (char *)-1) /* I hate System V IPC, I really do */
2000 if (optype == OP_SHMREAD) {
2001 /* suppress warning when reading into undef var (tchrist 3/Mar/00) */
2003 sv_setpvn(mstr, "", 0);
2004 SvPV_force(mstr, len);
2005 mbuf = SvGROW(mstr, msize+1);
2007 Copy(shm + mpos, mbuf, msize, char);
2008 SvCUR_set(mstr, msize);
2009 *SvEND(mstr) = '\0';
2011 #ifndef INCOMPLETE_TAINTS
2012 /* who knows who has been playing with this shared memory? */
2019 mbuf = SvPV(mstr, len);
2020 if ((n = len) > msize)
2022 Copy(mbuf, shm + mpos, n, char);
2024 memzero(shm + mpos + n, msize - n);
2028 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "shm I/O not implemented");
2032 #endif /* SYSV IPC */