3 * Copyright (c) 1991-2000, Larry Wall
5 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
6 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
11 * "...for the Entwives desired order, and plenty, and peace (by which they
12 * meant that things should remain where they had set them)." --Treebeard
20 Perl_av_reify(pTHX_ AV *av)
28 if (SvTIED_mg((SV*)av, 'P') && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
29 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_DEBUGGING, "av_reify called on tied array");
32 while (key > AvFILLp(av) + 1)
33 AvARRAY(av)[--key] = &PL_sv_undef;
35 sv = AvARRAY(av)[--key];
37 if (sv != &PL_sv_undef) {
39 (void)SvREFCNT_inc(sv);
42 key = AvARRAY(av) - AvALLOC(av);
44 AvALLOC(av)[--key] = &PL_sv_undef;
52 Pre-extend an array. The C<key> is the index to which the array should be
59 Perl_av_extend(pTHX_ AV *av, I32 key)
61 dTHR; /* only necessary if we have to extend stack */
63 if ((mg = SvTIED_mg((SV*)av, 'P'))) {
67 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
70 PUSHs(SvTIED_obj((SV*)av, mg));
71 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSViv(key+1)));
73 call_method("EXTEND", G_SCALAR|G_DISCARD);
79 if (key > AvMAX(av)) {
84 if (AvALLOC(av) != AvARRAY(av)) {
85 ary = AvALLOC(av) + AvFILLp(av) + 1;
86 tmp = AvARRAY(av) - AvALLOC(av);
87 Move(AvARRAY(av), AvALLOC(av), AvFILLp(av)+1, SV*);
89 SvPVX(av) = (char*)AvALLOC(av);
92 ary[--tmp] = &PL_sv_undef;
95 if (key > AvMAX(av) - 10) {
96 newmax = key + AvMAX(av);
102 #ifndef STRANGE_MALLOC
107 #if defined(MYMALLOC) && !defined(LEAKTEST)
108 newmax = malloced_size((void*)AvALLOC(av))/sizeof(SV*) - 1;
113 newmax = key + AvMAX(av) / 5;
115 #if defined(STRANGE_MALLOC) || defined(MYMALLOC)
116 Renew(AvALLOC(av),newmax+1, SV*);
118 bytes = (newmax + 1) * sizeof(SV*);
119 #define MALLOC_OVERHEAD 16
120 itmp = MALLOC_OVERHEAD;
121 while (itmp - MALLOC_OVERHEAD < bytes)
123 itmp -= MALLOC_OVERHEAD;
125 assert(itmp > newmax);
127 assert(newmax >= AvMAX(av));
128 New(2,ary, newmax+1, SV*);
129 Copy(AvALLOC(av), ary, AvMAX(av)+1, SV*);
131 offer_nice_chunk(AvALLOC(av), (AvMAX(av)+1) * sizeof(SV*));
133 Safefree(AvALLOC(av));
137 ary = AvALLOC(av) + AvMAX(av) + 1;
138 tmp = newmax - AvMAX(av);
139 if (av == PL_curstack) { /* Oops, grew stack (via av_store()?) */
140 PL_stack_sp = AvALLOC(av) + (PL_stack_sp - PL_stack_base);
141 PL_stack_base = AvALLOC(av);
142 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + newmax;
146 newmax = key < 3 ? 3 : key;
147 New(2,AvALLOC(av), newmax+1, SV*);
148 ary = AvALLOC(av) + 1;
150 AvALLOC(av)[0] = &PL_sv_undef; /* For the stacks */
154 ary[--tmp] = &PL_sv_undef;
157 SvPVX(av) = (char*)AvALLOC(av);
166 Returns the SV at the specified index in the array. The C<key> is the
167 index. If C<lval> is set then the fetch will be part of a store. Check
168 that the return value is non-null before dereferencing it to a C<SV*>.
170 See L<perlguts/"Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays"> for
171 more information on how to use this function on tied arrays.
177 Perl_av_fetch(pTHX_ register AV *av, I32 key, I32 lval)
185 key += AvFILL(av) + 1;
190 if (SvRMAGICAL(av)) {
191 if (mg_find((SV*)av,'P') || mg_find((SV*)av,'D')) {
194 mg_copy((SV*)av, sv, 0, key);
196 return &PL_av_fetch_sv;
200 if (key > AvFILLp(av)) {
204 return av_store(av,key,sv);
206 if (AvARRAY(av)[key] == &PL_sv_undef) {
210 return av_store(av,key,sv);
215 && (!AvARRAY(av)[key] /* eg. @_ could have freed elts */
216 || SvTYPE(AvARRAY(av)[key]) == SVTYPEMASK)) {
217 AvARRAY(av)[key] = &PL_sv_undef; /* 1/2 reify */
220 return &AvARRAY(av)[key];
226 Stores an SV in an array. The array index is specified as C<key>. The
227 return value will be NULL if the operation failed or if the value did not
228 need to be actually stored within the array (as in the case of tied
229 arrays). Otherwise it can be dereferenced to get the original C<SV*>. Note
230 that the caller is responsible for suitably incrementing the reference
231 count of C<val> before the call, and decrementing it if the function
234 See L<perlguts/"Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays"> for
235 more information on how to use this function on tied arrays.
241 Perl_av_store(pTHX_ register AV *av, I32 key, SV *val)
251 key += AvFILL(av) + 1;
256 if (SvREADONLY(av) && key >= AvFILL(av))
257 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
259 if (SvRMAGICAL(av)) {
260 if (mg_find((SV*)av,'P')) {
261 if (val != &PL_sv_undef) {
262 mg_copy((SV*)av, val, 0, key);
268 if (!AvREAL(av) && AvREIFY(av))
273 if (AvFILLp(av) < key) {
276 if (av == PL_curstack && key > PL_stack_sp - PL_stack_base)
277 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + key; /* XPUSH in disguise */
279 ary[++AvFILLp(av)] = &PL_sv_undef;
280 while (AvFILLp(av) < key);
285 SvREFCNT_dec(ary[key]);
287 if (SvSMAGICAL(av)) {
288 if (val != &PL_sv_undef) {
289 MAGIC* mg = SvMAGIC(av);
290 sv_magic(val, (SV*)av, toLOWER(mg->mg_type), 0, key);
300 Creates a new AV. The reference count is set to 1.
310 av = (AV*)NEWSV(3,0);
311 sv_upgrade((SV *)av, SVt_PVAV);
315 AvMAX(av) = AvFILLp(av) = -1;
322 Creates a new AV and populates it with a list of SVs. The SVs are copied
323 into the array, so they may be freed after the call to av_make. The new AV
324 will have a reference count of 1.
330 Perl_av_make(pTHX_ register I32 size, register SV **strp)
336 av = (AV*)NEWSV(8,0);
337 sv_upgrade((SV *) av,SVt_PVAV);
338 AvFLAGS(av) = AVf_REAL;
339 if (size) { /* `defined' was returning undef for size==0 anyway. */
342 SvPVX(av) = (char*)ary;
343 AvFILLp(av) = size - 1;
344 AvMAX(av) = size - 1;
345 for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
348 sv_setsv(ary[i], *strp);
356 Perl_av_fake(pTHX_ register I32 size, register SV **strp)
361 av = (AV*)NEWSV(9,0);
362 sv_upgrade((SV *)av, SVt_PVAV);
363 New(4,ary,size+1,SV*);
365 Copy(strp,ary,size,SV*);
366 AvFLAGS(av) = AVf_REIFY;
367 SvPVX(av) = (char*)ary;
368 AvFILLp(av) = size - 1;
369 AvMAX(av) = size - 1;
381 Clears an array, making it empty. Does not free the memory used by the
388 Perl_av_clear(pTHX_ register AV *av)
394 if (SvREFCNT(av) == 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING)) {
395 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_DEBUGGING, "Attempt to clear deleted array");
403 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
405 /* Give any tie a chance to cleanup first */
414 key = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
416 SvREFCNT_dec(ary[--key]);
417 ary[key] = &PL_sv_undef;
420 if ((key = AvARRAY(av) - AvALLOC(av))) {
422 SvPVX(av) = (char*)AvALLOC(av);
431 Undefines the array. Frees the memory used by the array itself.
437 Perl_av_undef(pTHX_ register AV *av)
445 /* Give any tie a chance to cleanup first */
446 if (SvTIED_mg((SV*)av, 'P'))
447 av_fill(av, -1); /* mg_clear() ? */
450 key = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
452 SvREFCNT_dec(AvARRAY(av)[--key]);
454 Safefree(AvALLOC(av));
457 AvMAX(av) = AvFILLp(av) = -1;
459 SvREFCNT_dec(AvARYLEN(av));
467 Pushes an SV onto the end of the array. The array will grow automatically
468 to accommodate the addition.
474 Perl_av_push(pTHX_ register AV *av, SV *val)
480 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
482 if ((mg = SvTIED_mg((SV*)av, 'P'))) {
484 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
487 PUSHs(SvTIED_obj((SV*)av, mg));
491 call_method("PUSH", G_SCALAR|G_DISCARD);
496 av_store(av,AvFILLp(av)+1,val);
502 Pops an SV off the end of the array. Returns C<&PL_sv_undef> if the array
509 Perl_av_pop(pTHX_ register AV *av)
514 if (!av || AvFILL(av) < 0)
517 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
518 if ((mg = SvTIED_mg((SV*)av, 'P'))) {
520 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
522 XPUSHs(SvTIED_obj((SV*)av, mg));
525 if (call_method("POP", G_SCALAR)) {
526 retval = newSVsv(*PL_stack_sp--);
528 retval = &PL_sv_undef;
534 retval = AvARRAY(av)[AvFILLp(av)];
535 AvARRAY(av)[AvFILLp(av)--] = &PL_sv_undef;
542 =for apidoc av_unshift
544 Unshift the given number of C<undef> values onto the beginning of the
545 array. The array will grow automatically to accommodate the addition. You
546 must then use C<av_store> to assign values to these new elements.
552 Perl_av_unshift(pTHX_ register AV *av, register I32 num)
561 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
563 if ((mg = SvTIED_mg((SV*)av, 'P'))) {
565 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
568 PUSHs(SvTIED_obj((SV*)av, mg));
574 call_method("UNSHIFT", G_SCALAR|G_DISCARD);
580 if (!AvREAL(av) && AvREIFY(av))
582 i = AvARRAY(av) - AvALLOC(av);
590 SvPVX(av) = (char*)(AvARRAY(av) - i);
594 av_extend(av, i + num);
597 Move(ary, ary + num, i + 1, SV*);
599 ary[--num] = &PL_sv_undef;
607 Shifts an SV off the beginning of the array.
613 Perl_av_shift(pTHX_ register AV *av)
618 if (!av || AvFILL(av) < 0)
621 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
622 if ((mg = SvTIED_mg((SV*)av, 'P'))) {
624 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
626 XPUSHs(SvTIED_obj((SV*)av, mg));
629 if (call_method("SHIFT", G_SCALAR)) {
630 retval = newSVsv(*PL_stack_sp--);
632 retval = &PL_sv_undef;
638 retval = *AvARRAY(av);
640 *AvARRAY(av) = &PL_sv_undef;
641 SvPVX(av) = (char*)(AvARRAY(av) + 1);
652 Returns the highest index in the array. Returns -1 if the array is
659 Perl_av_len(pTHX_ register AV *av)
667 Ensure than an array has a given number of elements, equivalent to
668 Perl's C<$#array = $fill;>.
673 Perl_av_fill(pTHX_ register AV *av, I32 fill)
677 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: null array");
680 if ((mg = SvTIED_mg((SV*)av, 'P'))) {
684 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
687 PUSHs(SvTIED_obj((SV*)av, mg));
688 PUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSViv(fill+1)));
690 call_method("STORESIZE", G_SCALAR|G_DISCARD);
696 if (fill <= AvMAX(av)) {
697 I32 key = AvFILLp(av);
698 SV** ary = AvARRAY(av);
702 SvREFCNT_dec(ary[key]);
703 ary[key--] = &PL_sv_undef;
708 ary[++key] = &PL_sv_undef;
716 (void)av_store(av,fill,&PL_sv_undef);
720 =for apidoc av_delete
722 Deletes the element indexed by C<key> from the array. Returns the
723 deleted element. C<flags> is currently ignored.
728 Perl_av_delete(pTHX_ AV *av, I32 key, I32 flags)
735 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
737 key += AvFILL(av) + 1;
741 if (SvRMAGICAL(av)) {
743 if ((mg_find((SV*)av,'P') || mg_find((SV*)av,'D'))
744 && (svp = av_fetch(av, key, TRUE)))
748 if (mg_find(sv, 'p')) {
749 sv_unmagic(sv, 'p'); /* No longer an element */
752 return Nullsv; /* element cannot be deleted */
755 if (key > AvFILLp(av))
758 sv = AvARRAY(av)[key];
759 if (key == AvFILLp(av)) {
762 } while (--key >= 0 && AvARRAY(av)[key] == &PL_sv_undef);
765 AvARRAY(av)[key] = &PL_sv_undef;
769 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
777 =for apidoc av_exists
779 Returns true if the element indexed by C<key> has been initialized.
781 This relies on the fact that uninitialized array elements are set to
787 Perl_av_exists(pTHX_ AV *av, I32 key)
792 key += AvFILL(av) + 1;
796 if (SvRMAGICAL(av)) {
797 if (mg_find((SV*)av,'P') || mg_find((SV*)av,'D')) {
798 SV *sv = sv_newmortal();
799 mg_copy((SV*)av, sv, 0, key);
800 magic_existspack(sv, mg_find(sv, 'p'));
804 if (key <= AvFILLp(av) && AvARRAY(av)[key] != &PL_sv_undef
813 /* AVHV: Support for treating arrays as if they were hashes. The
814 * first element of the array should be a hash reference that maps
815 * hash keys to array indices.
819 S_avhv_index_sv(pTHX_ SV* sv)
821 I32 index = SvIV(sv);
823 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad index while coercing array into hash");
828 S_avhv_index(pTHX_ AV *av, SV *keysv, U32 hash)
834 keys = avhv_keys(av);
835 he = hv_fetch_ent(keys, keysv, FALSE, hash);
837 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No such pseudo-hash field \"%s\"", SvPV(keysv,n_a));
838 return avhv_index_sv(HeVAL(he));
842 Perl_avhv_keys(pTHX_ AV *av)
844 SV **keysp = av_fetch(av, 0, FALSE);
851 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVHV)
855 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't coerce array into hash");
860 Perl_avhv_store_ent(pTHX_ AV *av, SV *keysv, SV *val, U32 hash)
862 return av_store(av, avhv_index(av, keysv, hash), val);
866 Perl_avhv_fetch_ent(pTHX_ AV *av, SV *keysv, I32 lval, U32 hash)
868 return av_fetch(av, avhv_index(av, keysv, hash), lval);
872 Perl_avhv_delete_ent(pTHX_ AV *av, SV *keysv, I32 flags, U32 hash)
874 HV *keys = avhv_keys(av);
877 he = hv_fetch_ent(keys, keysv, FALSE, hash);
878 if (!he || !SvOK(HeVAL(he)))
881 return av_delete(av, avhv_index_sv(HeVAL(he)), flags);
884 /* Check for the existence of an element named by a given key.
888 Perl_avhv_exists_ent(pTHX_ AV *av, SV *keysv, U32 hash)
890 HV *keys = avhv_keys(av);
893 he = hv_fetch_ent(keys, keysv, FALSE, hash);
894 if (!he || !SvOK(HeVAL(he)))
897 return av_exists(av, avhv_index_sv(HeVAL(he)));
901 Perl_avhv_iternext(pTHX_ AV *av)
903 HV *keys = avhv_keys(av);
904 return hv_iternext(keys);
908 Perl_avhv_iterval(pTHX_ AV *av, register HE *entry)
910 SV *sv = hv_iterval(avhv_keys(av), entry);
911 return *av_fetch(av, avhv_index_sv(sv), TRUE);