1 If you read this file _as_is_, just ignore the funny characters you see.
2 It is written in the POD format (see pod/perlpod.pod) which is specially
3 designed to be readable as is.
7 README.symbian - Perl version 5 on Symbian OS
11 This document describes various features of the Symbian operating
12 system that will affect how Perl version 5 (hereafter just Perl)
13 is compiled and/or runs.
15 B<NOTE: this port (as of 0.4.1) does not compile into a Symbian
16 OS GUI application, but instead it results in a Symbian DLL.>
17 The DLL includes a C++ class called CPerlBase, which one can then
18 (derive from and) use to embed Perl into applications, see F<symbian/README>.
20 The base port of Perl to Symbian only implements the basic POSIX-like
21 functionality; it does not implement any further Symbian or Series 60,
22 Series 80, or UIQ bindings for Perl.
24 It is also possible to generate Symbian executables for "miniperl"
25 and "perl", but since there is no standard command line interface
26 for Symbian (nor full keyboards in the devices), these are useful
27 mainly as demonstrations.
29 =head2 Compiling Perl on Symbian
31 (0) You need to have the appropriate Symbian SDK installed.
33 These instructions have been tested under various Nokia Series 60
34 Symbian SDKs (1.2 to 2.6, 2.8 should also work, 1.2 compiles but
35 does not work), Series 80 2.0, and Nokia 7710 (Series 90) SDK.
36 You can get the SDKs from Forum Nokia (http://www.forum.nokia.com/).
37 A very rough port ("it compiles") to UIQ 2.1 has also been made.
39 A prerequisite for any of the SDKs is to install ActivePerl
40 from ActiveState, http://www.activestate.com/Products/ActivePerl/
42 Having the SDK installed also means that you need to have either
43 the Metrowerks CodeWarrior installed (2.8 and 3.0 were used in testing)
44 or the Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 installed (SP3 minimum, SP5 recommended).
46 Note that for example the Series 60 2.0 VC SDK installation talks
47 about ActivePerl build 518, which does no more (as of mid-2005) exist
48 at the ActiveState website. The ActivePerl 5.8.4 build 810 was
49 used successfully for compiling Perl on Symbian. The 5.6.x ActivePerls
52 Other SDKs or compilers like Visual.NET, command-line-only
53 Visual.NET, Borland, GnuPoc, or sdk2unix have not been tried.
55 These instructions almost certainly won't work with older Symbian
56 releases or other SDKs. Patches to get this port running in other
57 releases, SDKs, compilers, platforms, or devices are naturally welcome.
59 (1) Get a Perl source code distribution (for example the file
60 perl-5.9.2.tar.gz is fine) from http://www.cpan.org/src/
61 and unpack it in your the C:/Symbian directory of your Windows
64 (2) Change to the perl source directory.
66 cd c:\Symbian\perl-5.x.x
68 (3) Run the following script using the perl coming with the SDK
70 perl symbian\config.pl
72 You must use the cmd.exe, the Cygwin shell will not work.
73 The PATH must include the SDK tools, including a Perl,
74 which should be the case under cmd.exe. If you do not
75 have that, see the end of symbian\sdk.pl for notes of
76 how your environment should be set up for Symbian compiles.
78 (4) Build the project, either by
82 in cmd.exe or by using either the Metrowerks CodeWarrior
83 or the Visual C++ 6.0, or the Visual Studio 8 (the Visual C++
84 2005 Express Edition works fine).
86 If you use the VC IDE, you will have to run F<symbian\config.pl>
87 first using the cmd.exe, and then run 'make win.mf vc6.mf' to generate
88 the VC6 makefiles and workspaces. "make vc6" will compile for the VC6,
89 and "make cw" for the CodeWarrior.
91 The following SDK and compiler configurations and Nokia phones were
92 tested at some point in time (+ = compiled and PerlApp run, - = not),
93 both for Perl 5.8.x and 5.9.x:
96 --------+----+----+---
97 S60 1.2 | + | + | 3650 (*)
98 S60 2.0 | + | + | 6600
99 S60 2.1 | - | + | 6670
100 S60 2.6 | + | + | 6630
101 S60 2.8 | + | + | (not tested in a device)
102 S80 2.6 | - | + | 9300
103 S90 1.1 | + | - | 7710
104 UIQ 2.1 | - | + | (not tested in a device)
106 (*) Compiles but does not work, unfortunately, a problem with Symbian.
108 If you are using the 'make' directly, it is the GNU make from the SDKs,
109 and it will invoke the right make commands for the Windows emulator
110 build and the Arm target builds ('thumb' by default) as necessary.
112 The build scripts assume the 'absolute style' SDK installs under C:,
113 the 'subst style' will not work.
115 If using the VC IDE, to build use for example the File->Open Workspace->
116 C:\Symbian\8.0a\S60_2nd_FP2\epoc32\build\symbian\perl\perl\wins\perl.dsw
117 The emulator binaries will appear in the same directory.
119 If using the VC IDE, you will a lot of warnings in the beginning of
120 the build because a lot of headers mentioned by the source cannot
121 be found, but this is not serious since those headers are not used.
123 The Metrowerks will give a lot of warnings about unused variables and
124 empty declarations, you can ignore those.
126 When the Windows and Arm DLLs are built do not be scared by a very long
127 messages whizzing by: it is the "export freeze" phase where the whole
128 (rather large) API of Perl is listed.
130 Once the build is completed you need to create the DLL SIS file by
134 which will create the file perlXYZ.sis (the XYZ being the Perl version)
135 which you can then install into your Symbian device: an easy way
136 to do this is to send them via Bluetooth or infrared and just open
139 Since the total size of all Perl SIS files once installed is
140 over 2 MB, it is recommended to do the installation into a
141 memory card (drive E:) instead of the C: drive.
143 The size of the perlXYZ.SIS is about 370 kB but once it is in the
144 device it is about one 750 kB (according to the application manager).
146 The perlXYZ.sis includes only the Perl DLL: to create an additional
147 SIS file which includes some of the standard (pure) Perl libraries,
152 Some of the standard Perl libraries are included, but not all:
153 see L</HISTORY> or F<symbian\install.cfg> for more details
156 Some of the standard Perl XS extensions (see L</HISTORY> are
161 which will create perlXYZext.sis (290 kB -> 770 kB).
163 To compile the demonstration application PerlApp you need first to
164 install the Perl headers under the SDK.
166 To install the Perl headers and the class CPerlBase documentation
167 so that you no more need the Perl sources around to compile Perl
168 applications using the SDK:
172 The destination directory is C:\Symbian\perl\X.Y.Z. For more
173 details, see F<symbian\PerlBase.pod>.
175 Once the headers have been installed, you can create a SIS for
180 The perlapp.sis (11 kB -> 16 kB) will be built in the symbian
181 subdirectory, but a copy will also be made to the main directory.
183 If you want to package the Perl DLLs (one for WINS, one for ARMI),
184 the headers, and the documentation:
188 which will create perlXYZsdk.zip that can be used in another
189 Windows system with the SDK, without having to compile Perl in
192 If you want to package the PerlApp sources:
196 If you want to package the perl.exe and miniperl.exe, you
197 can use the perlexe.sis and miniperlexe.sis make targets.
198 You also probably want the perllib.sis for the libraries
199 and maybe even the perlapp.sis for the recognizer.
201 The make target 'allsis' combines all the above SIS targets.
203 To clean up after compilation you can use either of
208 depending on how clean you want to be.
210 =head2 Compilation problems
212 If you see right after "make" this
214 cat makefile.sh >makefile
215 'cat' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
216 operable program or batch file.
218 it means you need to (re)run the symbian\config.pl.
222 'perl' is not recognized as an internal or external command,
223 operable program or batch file.
225 you may need to reinstall the ActivePerl.
229 ren makedef.pl nomakedef.pl
230 The system cannot find the file specified.
231 C:\Symbian\...\make.exe: [rename_makedef] Error 1 (ignored)
233 please ignore it since it is nothing serious (the build process of
234 renames the Perl makedef.pl as nomakedef.pl to avoid confusing it
235 with a makedef.pl of the SDK).
239 The PerlApp application demonstrates how to embed Perl interpreters
240 to a Symbian application. The "Time" menu item runs the following
241 Perl code: C<print "Running in ", $^O, "\n", scalar localtime>,
242 the "Oneliner" allows one to type in Perl code, and the "Run"
243 opens a file chooser for selecting a Perl file to run.
245 The PerlApp also is started when the "Perl recognizer" (also included
246 and installed) detects a Perl file being activated througg the GUI,
247 and offers either to install it under \Perl (if the Perl file is in
248 the inbox of the messaging application) or to run it (if the Perl file
253 In the symbian subdirectory there is sisify.pl utility which can be
254 used to package Perl scripts and/or Perl library directories into SIS
255 files, which can be installed to the device. To run the sisify.pl
256 utility, you will need to have the 'makesis' and 'uidcrc' utilities
257 already installed. If you don't have the Win32 SDKs, you may try
258 for example http://gnupoc.sourceforge.net/ or http://symbianos.org/~andreh/.
260 =head2 Using Perl in Symbian
262 First of all note that you have full access to the Symbian device
263 when using Perl: you can do a lot of damage to your device (like
264 removing system files) unless you are careful. Please do take
265 backups before doing anything.
267 The Perl port has been done for the most part using the Symbian
268 standard POSIX-ish STDLIB library. It is a reasonably complete
269 library, but certain corners of such emulation libraries that tend
270 to be left unimplemented on non-UNIX platforms have been left
271 unimplemented also this time: fork(), signals(), user/group ids,
272 select() working for sockets, non-blocking sockets, and so forth.
273 See the file symbian/config.sh and look for 'undef' to find the
274 unsupported APIs (or from Perl use Config).
276 The filesystem of Symbian devices uses DOSish syntax, "drives"
277 separated from paths by a colon, and backslashes for the path. The
278 exact assignment of the drives probably varies between platforms, but
279 for example in Series 60 you might see C: as the (flash) main memory,
280 D: as the RAM drive, E: as the memory card (MMC), Z: as the ROM. In
281 Series 80 D: is the memory card. As far the devices go the NUL: is
282 the bit bucket, the COMx: are the serial lines, IRCOMx: are the IR
283 ports, TMP: might be C:\System\Temp. Remember to double those
284 backslashes in doublequoted strings.
286 The Perl DLL is installed in \System\Libs\. The Perl libraries and
287 extension DLLs are installed in \System\Libs\Perl\X.Y.Z\. The PerlApp
288 is installed in \System\Apps\, and the SIS also installs a couple of
289 demo scripts in \Perl\ (C:\Mydocs\Perl\ on Nokia 7710).
291 Note that the Symbian filesystem is very picky: it strongly prefers
292 the \ instead of the /.
294 When doing XS / Symbian C++ programming include first the Symbian
295 headers, then any standard C/POSIX headers, then Perl headers, and finally
296 any application headers.
298 New() and Copy() are unfortunately used by both Symbian and Perl code
299 so you'll have to play cpp games if you need them. PerlBase.h undefines
300 the Perl definitions and redefines them as PerlNew() and PerlCopy().
304 Lots. See F<symbian\TODO>.
308 As of Perl Symbian port version 0.4.1 any part of Perl's standard
309 regression test suite has not been run on a real Symbian device using
310 the ported Perl, so innumerable bugs may lie in wait. Therefore there
311 is absolutely no warranty.
315 When creating and extending application programming interfaces (APIs)
316 for Symbian or Series 60 or Series 80 or Series 90 it is suggested
317 that trademarks, registered trademarks, or trade names are not used in
318 the API names. Instead, developers should consider basing the API
319 naming in the existing (C++, or maybe Java) public component and API
320 naming, modified as appropriate by the rules of the programming
321 language the new APIs are for.
323 Nokia is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation. Nokia's product
324 names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Nokia. Other product
325 and company names mentioned herein may be trademarks or trade names of
326 their respective owners.
334 Copyright (c) 2004-2005 Nokia. All rights reserved.
336 Copyright (c) 2006-2007 Jarkko Hietaniemi.
340 The Symbian port is licensed under the same terms as Perl itself.
350 (This will show as "0.01" in the Symbian Installer.)
352 - The console window is a very simple console indeed: one can
353 get the newline with "000" and the "C" button is a backspace.
354 Do not expect a terminal capable of vt100 or ANSI sequences.
355 The console is also "ASCII", you cannot input e.g. any accented
356 letters. Because of obvious physical constraints the console is
357 also very small: (in Nokia 6600) 22 columns, 17 rows.
358 - The following libraries are available:
359 AnyDBM_File AutoLoader base Carp Config Cwd constant
360 DynaLoader Exporter File::Spec integer lib strict Symbol
361 vars warnings XSLoader
362 - The following extensions are available:
363 attributes Compress::Zlib Cwd Data::Dumper Devel::Peek Digest::MD5 DynaLoader
364 Fcntl File::Glob Filter::Util::Call IO List::Util MIME::Base64
365 PerlIO::scalar PerlIO::via SDBM_File Socket Storable Time::HiRes
366 - The following extensions are missing for various technical reasons:
367 B ByteLoader Devel::DProf Devel::PPPort Encode GDBM_File
368 I18N::Langinfo IPC::SysV NDBM_File Opcode PerlIO::encoding POSIX
369 re Safe Sys::Hostname Sys::Syslog
370 threads threads::shared Unicode::Normalize
371 - Using MakeMaker or the Module::* to build and install modules
373 - Building XS other than the ones in the core is not supported.
375 Since this is 0.something release, any future releases are almost
376 guaranteed to be binary incompatible. As a sign of this the Symbian
377 symbol exports are kept unfrozen and the .def files fully rebuilt
384 - Perl 5.9.3 (patch level 25741)
385 - Compress::Zlib and IO::Zlib supported
388 We maintain the binary incompatibility.
394 - Perl 5.9.3 (patch level 25911)
395 - Series 80 2.0 and UIQ 2.1 support
397 We maintain the binary incompatibility.
403 - Perl 5.9.3 (patch level 26052)
404 - adding a sample Symbian extension
406 We maintain the binary incompatibility.
412 - Perl 5.9.5-to-be (patch level 30002)
413 - added extensions: Compress/Raw/Zlib, Digest/SHA,
414 Hash/Util, Math/BigInt/FastCalc, Text/Soundex, Time/Piece
415 - port to S90 1.1 by alexander smishlajev
417 We maintain the binary incompatibility.
423 - catchup with Perl 5.9.5-to-be (patch level 30812)
424 - tested to build with Microsoft Visual C++ 2005 Express Edition
425 (which uses Microsoft Visual C 8, instead of the old VC6),
426 SDK used for testing S60_2nd_FP3 aka 8.1a
428 We maintain the binary incompatibility.