1 If you read this file _as_is_, just ignore the funny characters you see.
2 It is written in the POD format (see pod/perlpod.pod) which is specially
3 designed to be readable as is.
7 README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
11 This document describes various features of IBM's Unix operating
12 system (AIX) that will affect how Perl version 5 (hereafter just Perl)
13 is compiled and/or runs.
15 =head2 Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
17 When compiling Perl, you must use an ANSI C compiler. AIX does not ship
18 an ANSI compliant C-compiler with AIX by default, but binary builds of
19 gcc for AIX are widely available.
21 At the moment of writing, AIX supports two different native C compilers,
22 for which you have to pay: B<xlC> and B<vac>. If you decide to use either
23 of these two (which is quite a lot easier than using gcc), be sure to
24 upgrade to the latest available patch level. Currently:
26 xlC.C 3.1.4.10 or 3.6.6.0 or 5.0.2.6
27 vac.C 4.4.0.3 or 5.0.2.4
29 Perl can be compiled with either IBM's ANSI C compiler or with gcc.
30 The former is recommended, as not only can it compile Perl with no
31 difficulty, but also can take advantage of features listed later that
32 require the use of IBM compiler-specific command-line flags.
34 The IBM's compiler patch levels 5.0.0.0 and 5.0.1.0 have compiler
35 optimization bugs that affect compiling perl.c and regcomp.c,
36 respectively. If Perl's configuration detects those compiler patch
37 levels, optimization is turned off for the said source code files.
38 Upgrading to at least 5.0.2.0 is recommended.
40 If you decide to use gcc, make sure your installation is recent and
41 complete, and be sure to read the Perl README file for more gcc-specific
42 details. Please report any hoops you had to jump through to the development
47 Before installing the patches to the IBM C-compiler you need to know the
48 level of patching for the Operating System. IBM's command 'oslevel' will
49 show the base, but is not always complete (in this example oslevel shows
50 4.3.NULL, whereas the system might run most of 4.3.THREE):
54 # lslpp -l | grep 'bos.rte '
55 bos.rte 4.3.3.75 COMMITTED Base Operating System Runtime
56 bos.rte 4.3.2.0 COMMITTED Base Operating System Runtime
59 The same might happen to AIX 5.1 or other OS levels. As a side note, perl
60 cannot be built without bos.adt.syscalls and bos.adt.libm installed
62 # lslpp -l | egrep "syscalls|libm"
63 bos.adt.libm 5.1.0.25 COMMITTED Base Application Development
64 bos.adt.syscalls 5.1.0.25 COMMITTED System Calls Application
67 =head2 Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
69 AIX supports dynamically loadable objects as well as shared libraries.
70 Shared libraries by convention end with the suffix .a, which is a bit
71 misleading, as an archive can contain static as well as dynamic members.
72 For perl dynamically loaded objects we use the .so suffix also used on
75 Note that starting from Perl 5.7.2 (and consequently 5.8.0) and AIX 4.3
76 or newer Perl uses the AIX native dynamic loading interface in the so
77 called runtime linking mode instead of the emulated interface that was
78 used in Perl releases 5.6.1 and earlier or, for AIX releases 4.2 and
79 earlier. This change does break backward compatibility with compiled
80 modules from earlier perl releases. The change was made to make Perl
81 more compliant with other applications like Apache/mod_perl which are
82 using the AIX native interface. This change also enables the use of C++
83 code with static constructors and destructors in perl extensions, which
84 was not possible using the emulated interface.
86 =head2 The IBM ANSI C Compiler
88 All defaults for Configure can be used.
90 If you've chosen to use vac 4, be sure to run 4.4.0.3. Older versions
91 will turn up nasty later on. For vac 5 be sure to run at least 5.0.1.0,
92 but vac 5.0.2.3 or up is highly recommended. Note that since IBM has
93 removed vac 5.0.2.1 and 5.0.2.2 from the software depot, these versions
94 should be considered obsolete.
96 Here's a brief lead of how to upgrade the compiler to the latest
97 level. Of course this is subject to changes. You can only upgrade
98 versions from ftp-available updates if the first three digit groups
99 are the same (in where you can skip intermediate unlike the patches
100 in the developer snapshots of perl), or to one version up where the
101 `base' is available. In other words, the AIX compiler patches are
104 vac.C.4.4.0.1 => vac.C.4.4.0.3 is OK (vac.C.4.4.0.2 not needed)
105 xlC.C.3.1.3.3 => xlC.C.3.1.4.10 is NOT OK (xlC.C.3.1.4.0 is not available)
107 # ftp ftp.software.ibm.com
108 Connected to service.boulder.ibm.com.
109 : welcome message ...
110 Name (ftp.software.ibm.com:merijn): anonymous
111 331 Guest login ok, send your complete e-mail address as password.
113 ... accepted login stuff
114 ftp> cd /aix/fixes/v4/
115 ftp> dir other other.ll
116 output to local-file: other.ll? y
117 200 PORT command successful.
118 150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
119 226 Transfer complete.
121 output to local-file: xlc.ll? y
122 200 PORT command successful.
123 150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
124 226 Transfer complete.
128 -rw-rw-rw- 1 merijn system 1169432 Nov 2 17:29 other.ll
129 -rw-rw-rw- 1 merijn system 29170 Nov 2 17:29 xlc.ll
131 On AIX 4.2 using xlC, we continue:
133 # lslpp -l | fgrep 'xlC.C '
134 xlC.C 3.1.4.9 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler
135 xlC.C 3.1.4.0 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler
136 # grep 'xlC.C.3.1.4.*.bff' xlc.ll
137 -rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6286336 Jul 22 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.1.bff
138 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6173696 Aug 24 1998 xlC.C.3.1.4.10.bff
139 -rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6319104 Aug 14 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.2.bff
140 -rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6316032 Oct 21 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.3.bff
141 -rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6315008 Dec 20 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.4.bff
142 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6178816 Mar 28 1997 xlC.C.3.1.4.5.bff
143 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6188032 May 22 1997 xlC.C.3.1.4.6.bff
144 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6191104 Sep 5 1997 xlC.C.3.1.4.7.bff
145 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6185984 Jan 13 1998 xlC.C.3.1.4.8.bff
146 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6169600 May 27 1998 xlC.C.3.1.4.9.bff
147 # wget ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/aix/fixes/v4/xlc/xlC.C.3.1.4.10.bff
150 On AIX 4.3 using vac, we continue:
152 # lslpp -l | grep 'vac.C '
153 vac.C 5.0.2.2 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler
154 vac.C 5.0.2.0 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler
155 # grep 'vac.C.5.0.2.*.bff' other.ll
156 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 13592576 Apr 16 2001 vac.C.5.0.2.0.bff
157 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 14133248 Apr 9 2002 vac.C.5.0.2.3.bff
158 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 14173184 May 20 2002 vac.C.5.0.2.4.bff
159 # wget ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/aix/fixes/v4/other/vac.C.5.0.2.4.bff
162 Likewise on all other OS levels. Then execute the following command, and
165 # smit install_update
166 -> Install and Update from LATEST Available Software
167 * INPUT device / directory for software [ vac.C.5.0.2.4.bff ]
171 Follow the messages ... and you're done.
173 If you like a more web-like approach, a good start point can be
174 http://www14.software.ibm.com/webapp/download/downloadaz.jsp and click
175 "C for AIX", and follow the instructions.
177 =head2 Using GNU's gcc for building perl
179 Using gcc-3.0 (tested with 3.0.4) now works out of the box, as do
180 recent gcc-2.9 builds available directly from IBM as part of their Linux
181 compatibility packages, available here:
183 http://www.ibm.com/servers/aix/products/aixos/linux/
185 =head2 Using Large Files with Perl
187 Should yield no problems.
191 Threads seem to work OK, though at the moment not all tests pass when
192 threads are used in combination with 64bit configurations.
196 If your AIX is installed with 64-bit support, you can expect 64bit
197 configurations to work. In combination with threads some tests might
200 =head2 AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
202 In AIX 4.2 Perl extensions that use C++ functions that use statics
203 may have problems in that the statics are not getting initialized.
204 In newer AIX releases this has been solved by linking Perl with
205 the libC_r library, but unfortunately in AIX 4.2 the said library
206 has an obscure bug where the various functions related to time
207 (such as time() and gettimeofday()) return broken values, and
208 therefore in AIX 4.2 Perl is not linked against the libC_r.
212 H.Merijn Brand <h.m.brand@hccnet.nl>
216 Version 0.0.5: 22 May 2002