1 If you read this file _as_is_, just ignore the funny characters you see.
2 It is written in the POD format (see pod/perlpod.pod) which is specially
3 designed to be readable as is.
7 README.aix - Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems
11 This document describes various features of IBM's Unix operating
12 system (AIX) that will affect how Perl version 5 (hereafter just Perl)
13 is compiled and/or runs.
15 =head2 Compiling Perl 5 on AIX
17 When compiling Perl, you must use an ANSI C compiler. AIX does not ship
18 an ANSI compliant C-compiler with AIX by default, but binary builds of
19 gcc for AIX are widely available.
21 At the moment of writing, AIX supports two different native C compilers,
22 for which you have to pay: B<xlC> and B<vac>. If you decide to use either
23 of these two (which is quite a lot easier than using gcc), be sure to
24 upgrade to the latest available patch level. Currently:
26 xlC.C 3.1.4.10 or 3.6.6.0 or 4.0.2.2 or 5.0.2.9 or 6.0.0.3
27 vac.C 4.4.0.3 or 5.0.2.6 or 6.0.0.1
29 note that xlC has the OS version in the name as of version 4.0.2.0, so
30 you will find xlC.C for AIX-5.0 as package
32 xlC.aix50.rte 5.0.2.0 or 6.0.0.3
34 subversions are not the same "latest" on all OS versions. For example,
35 the latest xlC-5 on aix41 is 5.0.2.9, while on aix43, it is 5.0.2.7.
37 Perl can be compiled with either IBM's ANSI C compiler or with gcc.
38 The former is recommended, as not only can it compile Perl with no
39 difficulty, but also can take advantage of features listed later that
40 require the use of IBM compiler-specific command-line flags.
42 The IBM's compiler patch levels 5.0.0.0 and 5.0.1.0 have compiler
43 optimization bugs that affect compiling perl.c and regcomp.c,
44 respectively. If Perl's configuration detects those compiler patch
45 levels, optimization is turned off for the said source code files.
46 Upgrading to at least 5.0.2.0 is recommended.
48 If you decide to use gcc, make sure your installation is recent and
49 complete, and be sure to read the Perl INSTALL file for more gcc-specific
50 details. Please report any hoops you had to jump through to the development
55 Before installing the patches to the IBM C-compiler you need to know the
56 level of patching for the Operating System. IBM's command 'oslevel' will
57 show the base, but is not always complete (in this example oslevel shows
58 4.3.NULL, whereas the system might run most of 4.3.THREE):
62 # lslpp -l | grep 'bos.rte '
63 bos.rte 4.3.3.75 COMMITTED Base Operating System Runtime
64 bos.rte 4.3.2.0 COMMITTED Base Operating System Runtime
67 The same might happen to AIX 5.1 or other OS levels. As a side note, perl
68 cannot be built without bos.adt.syscalls and bos.adt.libm installed
70 # lslpp -l | egrep "syscalls|libm"
71 bos.adt.libm 5.1.0.25 COMMITTED Base Application Development
72 bos.adt.syscalls 5.1.0.36 COMMITTED System Calls Application
75 =head2 Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX
77 AIX supports dynamically loadable objects as well as shared libraries.
78 Shared libraries by convention end with the suffix .a, which is a bit
79 misleading, as an archive can contain static as well as dynamic members.
80 For perl dynamically loaded objects we use the .so suffix also used on
83 Note that starting from Perl 5.7.2 (and consequently 5.8.0) and AIX 4.3
84 or newer Perl uses the AIX native dynamic loading interface in the so
85 called runtime linking mode instead of the emulated interface that was
86 used in Perl releases 5.6.1 and earlier or, for AIX releases 4.2 and
87 earlier. This change does break backward compatibility with compiled
88 modules from earlier perl releases. The change was made to make Perl
89 more compliant with other applications like Apache/mod_perl which are
90 using the AIX native interface. This change also enables the use of C++
91 code with static constructors and destructors in perl extensions, which
92 was not possible using the emulated interface.
94 =head2 The IBM ANSI C Compiler
96 All defaults for Configure can be used.
98 If you've chosen to use vac 4, be sure to run 4.4.0.3. Older versions
99 will turn up nasty later on. For vac 5 be sure to run at least 5.0.1.0,
100 but vac 5.0.2.6 or up is highly recommended. Note that since IBM has
101 removed vac 5.0.2.1 through 5.0.2.5 from the software depot, these
102 versions should be considered obsolete.
104 Here's a brief lead of how to upgrade the compiler to the latest
105 level. Of course this is subject to changes. You can only upgrade
106 versions from ftp-available updates if the first three digit groups
107 are the same (in where you can skip intermediate unlike the patches
108 in the developer snapshots of perl), or to one version up where the
109 "base" is available. In other words, the AIX compiler patches are
112 vac.C.4.4.0.1 => vac.C.4.4.0.3 is OK (vac.C.4.4.0.2 not needed)
113 xlC.C.3.1.3.3 => xlC.C.3.1.4.10 is NOT OK (xlC.C.3.1.4.0 is not available)
115 # ftp ftp.software.ibm.com
116 Connected to service.boulder.ibm.com.
117 : welcome message ...
118 Name (ftp.software.ibm.com:merijn): anonymous
119 331 Guest login ok, send your complete e-mail address as password.
121 ... accepted login stuff
122 ftp> cd /aix/fixes/v4/
123 ftp> dir other other.ll
124 output to local-file: other.ll? y
125 200 PORT command successful.
126 150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
127 226 Transfer complete.
129 output to local-file: xlc.ll? y
130 200 PORT command successful.
131 150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
132 226 Transfer complete.
136 -rw-rw-rw- 1 merijn system 1169432 Nov 2 17:29 other.ll
137 -rw-rw-rw- 1 merijn system 29170 Nov 2 17:29 xlc.ll
139 On AIX 4.2 using xlC, we continue:
141 # lslpp -l | fgrep 'xlC.C '
142 xlC.C 3.1.4.9 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler
143 xlC.C 3.1.4.0 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler
144 # grep 'xlC.C.3.1.4.*.bff' xlc.ll
145 -rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6286336 Jul 22 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.1.bff
146 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6173696 Aug 24 1998 xlC.C.3.1.4.10.bff
147 -rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6319104 Aug 14 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.2.bff
148 -rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6316032 Oct 21 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.3.bff
149 -rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6315008 Dec 20 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.4.bff
150 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6178816 Mar 28 1997 xlC.C.3.1.4.5.bff
151 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6188032 May 22 1997 xlC.C.3.1.4.6.bff
152 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6191104 Sep 5 1997 xlC.C.3.1.4.7.bff
153 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6185984 Jan 13 1998 xlC.C.3.1.4.8.bff
154 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6169600 May 27 1998 xlC.C.3.1.4.9.bff
155 # wget ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/aix/fixes/v4/xlc/xlC.C.3.1.4.10.bff
158 On AIX 4.3 using vac, we continue:
160 # lslpp -l | grep 'vac.C '
161 vac.C 5.0.2.2 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler
162 vac.C 5.0.2.0 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler
163 # grep 'vac.C.5.0.2.*.bff' other.ll
164 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 13592576 Apr 16 2001 vac.C.5.0.2.0.bff
165 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 14133248 Apr 9 2002 vac.C.5.0.2.3.bff
166 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 14173184 May 20 2002 vac.C.5.0.2.4.bff
167 -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 14192640 Nov 22 2002 vac.C.5.0.2.6.bff
168 # wget ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/aix/fixes/v4/other/vac.C.5.0.2.6.bff
171 Likewise on all other OS levels. Then execute the following command, and
174 # smit install_update
175 -> Install and Update from LATEST Available Software
176 * INPUT device / directory for software [ vac.C.5.0.2.6.bff ]
180 Follow the messages ... and you're done.
182 If you like a more web-like approach, a good start point can be
183 http://www14.software.ibm.com/webapp/download/downloadaz.jsp and click
184 "C for AIX", and follow the instructions.
186 =head2 The usenm option
190 cc -o miniperl ... miniperlmain.o opmini.o perl.o ... -lm -lc ...
192 causes error like this
194 ld: 0711-317 ERROR: Undefined symbol: .aintl
195 ld: 0711-317 ERROR: Undefined symbol: .copysignl
196 ld: 0711-317 ERROR: Undefined symbol: .syscall
197 ld: 0711-317 ERROR: Undefined symbol: .eaccess
198 ld: 0711-317 ERROR: Undefined symbol: .setresuid
199 ld: 0711-317 ERROR: Undefined symbol: .setresgid
200 ld: 0711-317 ERROR: Undefined symbol: .setproctitle
201 ld: 0711-345 Use the -bloadmap or -bnoquiet option to obtain more information.
207 ./Configure -Dusenm ...
209 which makes Configure to use the C<nm> tool when scanning for library
210 symbols, which usually is not done in AIX.
212 Related to this, you probably should not use the C<-r> option of
213 Configure in AIX, because that affects of how the C<nm> tool is used.
215 =head2 Using GNU's gcc for building perl
217 Using gcc-3.x (tested with 3.0.4, 3.1, and 3.2) now works out of the box,
218 as do recent gcc-2.9 builds available directly from IBM as part of their
219 Linux compatibility packages, available here:
221 http://www.ibm.com/servers/aix/products/aixos/linux/
223 =head2 Using Large Files with Perl
225 Should yield no problems.
229 Threads seem to work OK, though at the moment not all tests pass when
230 threads are used in combination with 64-bit configurations.
232 You may get a warning when doing a threaded build:
234 "pp_sys.c", line 4640.39: 1506-280 (W) Function argument assignment between types "unsigned char*" and "const void*" is not allowed.
236 The exact line number may vary, but if the warning (W) comes from a line
239 hent = PerlSock_gethostbyaddr(addr, (Netdb_hlen_t) addrlen, addrtype);
241 in the "pp_ghostent" function, you may ignore it safely. The warning
242 is caused by the reentrant variant of gethostbyaddr() having a slightly
243 different prototype than its non-reentrant variant, but the difference
244 is not really significant here.
248 If your AIX is installed with 64-bit support, you can expect 64-bit
249 configurations to work. In combination with threads some tests might
252 =head2 AIX 4.2 and extensions using C++ with statics
254 In AIX 4.2 Perl extensions that use C++ functions that use statics
255 may have problems in that the statics are not getting initialized.
256 In newer AIX releases this has been solved by linking Perl with
257 the libC_r library, but unfortunately in AIX 4.2 the said library
258 has an obscure bug where the various functions related to time
259 (such as time() and gettimeofday()) return broken values, and
260 therefore in AIX 4.2 Perl is not linked against the libC_r.
264 H.Merijn Brand <h.m.brand@xs4all.nl>
268 Version 0.0.6: 23 Dec 2002