1 [This is an unsupported, pre-release version of Perl 5.0.]
5 Copyright (c) 1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994 Larry Wall
8 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 it under the terms of either:
11 a) the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
12 Software Foundation; either version 1, or (at your option) any
15 b) the "Artistic License" which comes with this Kit.
17 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
18 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
19 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See either
20 the GNU General Public License or the Artistic License for more details.
22 You should have received a copy of the Artistic License with this
23 Kit, in the file named "Artistic". If not, I'll be glad to provide one.
25 You should also have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
26 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
27 Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
29 For those of you that choose to use the GNU General Public License,
30 my interpretation of the GNU General Public License is that no Perl
31 script falls under the terms of the GPL unless you explicitly put
32 said script under the terms of the GPL yourself. Furthermore, any
33 object code linked with uperl.o does not automatically fall under the
34 terms of the GPL, provided such object code only adds definitions
35 of subroutines and variables, and does not otherwise impair the
36 resulting interpreter from executing any standard Perl script. I
37 consider linking in C subroutines in this manner to be the moral
38 equivalent of defining subroutines in the Perl language itself. You
39 may sell such an object file as proprietary provided that you provide
40 or offer to provide the Perl source, as specified by the GNU General
41 Public License. (This is merely an alternate way of specifying input
42 to the program.) You may also sell a binary produced by the dumping of
43 a running Perl script that belongs to you, provided that you provide or
44 offer to provide the Perl source as specified by the GPL. (The
45 fact that a Perl interpreter and your code are in the same binary file
46 is, in this case, a form of mere aggregation.) This is my interpretation
47 of the GPL. If you still have concerns or difficulties understanding
48 my intent, feel free to contact me. Of course, the Artistic License
49 spells all this out for your protection, so you may prefer to use that.
51 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
53 Perl is a language that combines some of the features of C, sed, awk
54 and shell. See the manual page for more hype. There are also two Nutshell
55 Handbooks published by O'Reilly & Assoc. See pod/perlbook.pod
58 Please read all the directions below before you proceed any further, and
59 then follow them carefully.
61 After you have unpacked your kit, you should have all the files listed
66 1) Run Configure. This will figure out various things about your system.
67 Some things Configure will figure out for itself, other things it
68 will ask you about. It will then proceed to make config.h,
69 config.sh, and Makefile. You may have to explicitly say
70 sh Configure to ensure that Configure is run under sh.
71 If you're a hotshot, run Configure -d to take all the defaults and
72 then edit config.sh to patch up any flaws.
74 Configure supports a number of useful options. Run Configure -h
75 to get a listing. To compile with gcc, for example, you can run
76 Configure -Dcc=gcc, or answer 'gcc' at the cc prompt.
78 By default, perl will be installed in /usr/local/{bin, lib, man}.
79 You can specify a different prefix for the default installation
80 directory, when Configure prompts you or by using something like
81 Configure -Dprefix=/whatever.
83 You can also supply a file config.over to over-ride Configure's
84 guesses. It will get loaded up at the very end, just before
87 You might possibly have to trim # comments from the front of Configure
88 if your sh doesn't handle them, but all other # comments will be taken
91 (If you don't have sh, you'll have to copy the sample file config.H to
92 config.h and edit the config.h to reflect your system's peculiarities.)
94 2) Glance through config.h to make sure system dependencies are correct.
95 Most of them should have been taken care of by running the Configure script.
97 If you have any additional changes to make to the C definitions, they
98 can be done in cflags.SH. For instance, to turn off the optimizer
99 on toke.c, find the line in the switch structure for toke.c and
100 put the command optimize='-g' before the ;;. To change the C flags
101 for all the files, edit config.sh and change either $ccflags or $optimize.
105 This will look for all the includes and modify Makefile accordingly.
106 Configure will offer to do this for you.
110 This will attempt to make perl in the current directory.
112 If you can't compile successfully, try adding a -DCRIPPLED_CC flag.
113 (Just because you get no errors doesn't mean it compiled right!)
114 This simplifies some complicated expressions for compilers that
115 get indigestion easily. If that has no effect, try turning off
116 optimization. If you have missing routines, you probably need to
117 add some library or other, or you need to undefine some feature that
118 Configure thought was there but is defective or incomplete.
120 Some compilers will not compile or optimize the larger files without
121 some extra switches to use larger jump offsets or allocate larger
122 internal tables. You can customize the switches for each file in
123 cflags.SH. It's okay to insert rules for specific files into
124 Makefile.SH, since a default rule only takes effect in the
125 absence of a specific rule.
127 Many of the following hints are now done automatically by Configure.
128 Some of the hints here were for Perl 4, and are probably obsolete.
129 They're left here for the moment just to give you some ideas for
130 what to try if you're having trouble.
132 AIX/RT may need a -a switch and -DCRIPPLED_CC.
133 Ultrix 3.[01] on MIPS needs to undefine WAITPID--the system call is busted.
134 MIPS machines may need to undef d_volatile.
135 MIPS machines may need to turn off -O on some files.
136 Some MIPS machines may need to undefine CASTNEGFLOAT.
137 Xenix 386 may need -UM_I86. See also README.xenix.
138 Genix may need to use libc rather than libc_s, or #undef VARARGS.
139 NCR Tower 32 (OS 2.01.01) may need -W2,-Sl,2000 and #undef MKDIR.
140 A/UX may appear to work with -O -B/usr/lib/big/ optimizer flags.
141 A/UX may need -lposix to find rewinddir.
142 A/UX may need -ZP -DPOSIX, and -g if big cc is used.
143 UTS may need one or more of -DCRIPPLED_CC, -K or -g, and undef LSTAT.
144 If you get syntax errors on '(', try -DCRIPPLED_CC.
145 Machines with half-implemented dbm routines will need to #undef I_ODBM
146 SCO prior to 3.2.4 may be missing dbmclose(). An upgrade to 3.2.4
147 that includes libdbm.nfs (which includes dbmclose()) may be available.
148 If you get duplicates upon linking for malloc et al, say -DHIDEMYMALLOC.
149 If you get duplicate function definitions (a perl function has the
150 same name as another function on your system) try -DEMBED.
154 This will run the regression tests on the perl you just made.
155 If it doesn't say "All tests successful" then something went wrong.
156 See the README in the t subdirectory. Note that you can't run it
157 in background if this disables opening of /dev/tty. If "make test"
158 bombs out, just cd to the t directory and run TEST by hand to see if
159 it makes any difference. If individual tests bomb, you can run
160 them by hand, e.g., ./perl op/groups.t
164 This will put perl into a public directory (such as /usr/local/bin).
165 It will also try to put the man pages in a reasonable place. It will not
166 nroff the man page, however. You may need to be root to do this. If
167 you are not root, you must own the directories in question and you should
168 ignore any messages about chown not working.
170 Most of the documentation in the pod/ directory is also available
172 cd pod; make html; cd ..
173 to generate the html versions.
175 7) Read the manual entries before running perl.
177 8) IMPORTANT! Help save the world! Communicate any problems and suggested
178 patches to me, lwall@netlabs.com (Larry Wall), so we can
179 keep the world in sync. If you have a problem, there's someone else
180 out there who either has had or will have the same problem.
182 If possible, send in patches such that the patch program will apply them.
183 Context diffs are the best, then normal diffs. Don't send ed scripts--
184 I've probably changed my copy since the version you have. It's also
185 helpful if you send the output of "uname -a".
187 Watch for perl patches in comp.lang.perl. Patches will generally be
188 in a form usable by the patch program. If you are just now bringing up
189 perl and aren't sure how many patches there are, write to me and I'll
190 send any you don't have. Your current patch level is shown in patchlevel.h.
193 Just a personal note: I want you to know that I create nice things like this
194 because it pleases the Author of my story. If this bothers you, then your
195 notion of Authorship needs some revision. But you can use perl anyway. :-)