Move the require './test.pl' to the end of t/comp/hints.t
[p5sagit/p5-mst-13.2.git] / t / op / ref.t
CommitLineData
79072805 1#!./perl
2
20274adc 3BEGIN {
4 chdir 't' if -d 't';
b5fe401b 5 @INC = qw(. ../lib);
20274adc 6}
7
b2ce0fda 8require 'test.pl';
e24631be 9use strict qw(refs subs);
79072805 10
fcf99ed4 11plan(189);
805232b4 12
79072805 13# Test glob operations.
14
1c509eb9 15$bar = "one";
16$foo = "two";
79072805 17{
18 local(*foo) = *bar;
1c509eb9 19 is($foo, 'one');
79072805 20}
1c509eb9 21is ($foo, 'two');
79072805 22
1c509eb9 23$baz = "three";
24$foo = "four";
79072805 25{
26 local(*foo) = 'baz';
1c509eb9 27 is ($foo, 'three');
79072805 28}
1c509eb9 29is ($foo, 'four');
79072805 30
1c509eb9 31$foo = "global";
79072805 32{
33 local(*foo);
1c509eb9 34 is ($foo, undef);
35 $foo = "local";
36 is ($foo, 'local');
79072805 37}
1c509eb9 38is ($foo, 'global');
79072805 39
e24631be 40{
41 no strict 'refs';
79072805 42# Test fake references.
43
e24631be 44 $baz = "valid";
45 $bar = 'baz';
46 $foo = 'bar';
47 is ($$$foo, 'valid');
48}
79072805 49
50# Test real references.
51
52$FOO = \$BAR;
53$BAR = \$BAZ;
1c509eb9 54$BAZ = "hit";
55is ($$$FOO, 'hit');
79072805 56
57# Test references to real arrays.
58
1c509eb9 59my $test = curr_test();
60@ary = ($test,$test+1,$test+2,$test+3);
79072805 61$ref[0] = \@a;
62$ref[1] = \@b;
63$ref[2] = \@c;
64$ref[3] = \@d;
65for $i (3,1,2,0) {
66 push(@{$ref[$i]}, "ok $ary[$i]\n");
67}
68print @a;
69print ${$ref[1]}[0];
70print @{$ref[2]}[0];
e24631be 71{
72 no strict 'refs';
73 print @{'d'};
74}
1c509eb9 75curr_test($test+4);
79072805 76
77# Test references to references.
78
79$refref = \\$x;
1c509eb9 80$x = "Good";
81is ($$$refref, 'Good');
79072805 82
83# Test nested anonymous lists.
84
85$ref = [[],2,[3,4,5,]];
1c509eb9 86is (scalar @$ref, 3);
87is ($$ref[1], 2);
88is (${$$ref[2]}[2], 5);
89is (scalar @{$$ref[0]}, 0);
79072805 90
1c509eb9 91is ($ref->[1], 2);
92is ($ref->[2]->[0], 3);
79072805 93
94# Test references to hashes of references.
95
96$refref = \%whatever;
97$refref->{"key"} = $ref;
1c509eb9 98is ($refref->{"key"}->[2]->[0], 3);
79072805 99
93a17b20 100# Test to see if anonymous subarrays spring into existence.
79072805 101
102$spring[5]->[0] = 123;
103$spring[5]->[1] = 456;
104push(@{$spring[5]}, 789);
1c509eb9 105is (join(':',@{$spring[5]}), "123:456:789");
79072805 106
93a17b20 107# Test to see if anonymous subhashes spring into existence.
79072805 108
109@{$spring2{"foo"}} = (1,2,3);
110$spring2{"foo"}->[3] = 4;
1c509eb9 111is (join(':',@{$spring2{"foo"}}), "1:2:3:4");
79072805 112
113# Test references to subroutines.
114
1c509eb9 115{
116 my $called;
117 sub mysub { $called++; }
118 $subref = \&mysub;
119 &$subref;
120 is ($called, 1);
121}
79072805 122
123$subrefref = \\&mysub2;
1c509eb9 124is ($$subrefref->("GOOD"), "good");
125sub mysub2 { lc shift }
79072805 126
127# Test the ref operator.
128
6e592b3a 129sub PVBM () { 'foo' }
130{ my $dummy = index 'foo', PVBM }
131
132my $pviv = 1; "$pviv";
133my $pvnv = 1.0; "$pvnv";
134my $x;
135
136# we don't test
137# tied lvalue => SCALAR, as we haven't tested tie yet
138# BIND, 'cos we can't create them yet
139# REGEXP, 'cos that requires overload or Scalar::Util
140# LVALUE ref, 'cos I can't work out how to create one :)
141
142for (
143 [ 'undef', SCALAR => \undef ],
144 [ 'constant IV', SCALAR => \1 ],
145 [ 'constant NV', SCALAR => \1.0 ],
146 [ 'constant PV', SCALAR => \'f' ],
147 [ 'scalar', SCALAR => \$x ],
148 [ 'PVIV', SCALAR => \$pviv ],
149 [ 'PVNV', SCALAR => \$pvnv ],
150 [ 'PVMG', SCALAR => \$0 ],
151 [ 'PVBM', SCALAR => \PVBM ],
152 [ 'vstring', VSTRING => \v1 ],
153 [ 'ref', REF => \\1 ],
154 [ 'lvalue', LVALUE => \substr($x, 0, 0) ],
155 [ 'named array', ARRAY => \@ary ],
156 [ 'anon array', ARRAY => [ 1 ] ],
157 [ 'named hash', HASH => \%whatever ],
158 [ 'anon hash', HASH => { a => 1 } ],
159 [ 'named sub', CODE => \&mysub, ],
160 [ 'anon sub', CODE => sub { 1; } ],
161 [ 'glob', GLOB => \*foo ],
162 [ 'format', FORMAT => *STDERR{FORMAT} ],
163) {
164 my ($desc, $type, $ref) = @$_;
165 is (ref $ref, $type, "ref() for ref to $desc");
166 like ("$ref", qr/^$type\(0x[0-9a-f]+\)$/, "stringify for ref to $desc");
167}
168
169is (ref *STDOUT{IO}, 'IO::Handle', 'IO refs are blessed into IO::Handle');
170like (*STDOUT{IO}, qr/^IO::Handle=IO\(0x[0-9a-f]+\)$/,
171 'stringify for IO refs');
79072805 172
173# Test anonymous hash syntax.
174
175$anonhash = {};
1c509eb9 176is (ref $anonhash, 'HASH');
e24631be 177$anonhash2 = {FOO => 'BAR', ABC => 'XYZ',};
1c509eb9 178is (join('', sort values %$anonhash2), 'BARXYZ');
79072805 179
180# Test bless operator.
181
182package MYHASH;
183
184$object = bless $main'anonhash2;
1c509eb9 185main::is (ref $object, 'MYHASH');
186main::is ($object->{ABC}, 'XYZ');
79072805 187
188$object2 = bless {};
1c509eb9 189main::is (ref $object2, 'MYHASH');
79072805 190
191# Test ordinary call on object method.
192
1c509eb9 193&mymethod($object,"argument");
79072805 194
195sub mymethod {
196 local($THIS, @ARGS) = @_;
ed6116ce 197 die 'Got a "' . ref($THIS). '" instead of a MYHASH'
e24631be 198 unless ref $THIS eq 'MYHASH';
1c509eb9 199 main::is ($ARGS[0], "argument");
200 main::is ($THIS->{FOO}, 'BAR');
79072805 201}
202
203# Test automatic destructor call.
204
1c509eb9 205$string = "bad";
79072805 206$object = "foo";
1c509eb9 207$string = "good";
79072805 208$main'anonhash2 = "foo";
8990e307 209$string = "";
79072805 210
ed6116ce 211DESTROY {
8990e307 212 return unless $string;
1c509eb9 213 main::is ($string, 'good');
79072805 214
a0d0e21e 215 # Test that the object has not already been "cursed".
1c509eb9 216 main::isnt (ref shift, 'HASH');
79072805 217}
218
219# Now test inheritance of methods.
220
221package OBJ;
222
e24631be 223@ISA = ('BASEOBJ');
79072805 224
e24631be 225$main'object = bless {FOO => 'foo', BAR => 'bar'};
79072805 226
227package main;
228
229# Test arrow-style method invocation.
230
e24631be 231is ($object->doit("BAR"), 'bar');
79072805 232
233# Test indirect-object-style method invocation.
234
235$foo = doit $object "FOO";
e24631be 236main::is ($foo, 'foo');
79072805 237
238sub BASEOBJ'doit {
239 local $ref = shift;
e24631be 240 die "Not an OBJ" unless ref $ref eq 'OBJ';
748a9306 241 $ref->{shift()};
79072805 242}
8990e307 243
a0d0e21e 244package UNIVERSAL;
245@ISA = 'LASTCHANCE';
246
247package LASTCHANCE;
805232b4 248sub foo { main::is ($_[1], 'works') }
a0d0e21e 249
250package WHATEVER;
805232b4 251foo WHATEVER "works";
a0d0e21e 252
58e0a6ae 253#
254# test the \(@foo) construct
255#
256package main;
fb53bbb2 257@foo = \(1..3);
58e0a6ae 258@bar = \(@foo);
259@baz = \(1,@foo,@bar);
805232b4 260is (scalar (@bar), 3);
261is (scalar grep(ref($_), @bar), 3);
262is (scalar (@baz), 3);
58e0a6ae 263
fb53bbb2 264my(@fuu) = \(1..2,3);
58e0a6ae 265my(@baa) = \(@fuu);
266my(@bzz) = \(1,@fuu,@baa);
805232b4 267is (scalar (@baa), 3);
268is (scalar grep(ref($_), @baa), 3);
269is (scalar (@bzz), 3);
58e0a6ae 270
75ea820e 271# also, it can't be an lvalue
272eval '\\($x, $y) = (1, 2);';
805232b4 273like ($@, qr/Can\'t modify.*ref.*in.*assignment/);
75ea820e 274
bc44cdaf 275# test for proper destruction of lexical objects
1c509eb9 276$test = curr_test();
805232b4 277sub larry::DESTROY { print "# larry\nok $test\n"; }
278sub curly::DESTROY { print "# curly\nok ", $test + 1, "\n"; }
279sub moe::DESTROY { print "# moe\nok ", $test + 2, "\n"; }
bc44cdaf 280
281{
282 my ($joe, @curly, %larry);
283 my $moe = bless \$joe, 'moe';
284 my $curly = bless \@curly, 'curly';
285 my $larry = bless \%larry, 'larry';
286 print "# leaving block\n";
287}
288
289print "# left block\n";
805232b4 290curr_test($test + 3);
bc44cdaf 291
fb73857a 292# another glob test
293
805232b4 294
295$foo = "garbage";
fb73857a 296{ local(*bar) = "foo" }
805232b4 297$bar = "glob 3";
fb73857a 298local(*bar) = *bar;
805232b4 299is ($bar, "glob 3");
fb73857a 300
805232b4 301$var = "glob 4";
d4010388 302$_ = \$var;
805232b4 303is ($$_, 'glob 4');
d4010388 304
4e8e7886 305
805232b4 306# test if reblessing during destruction results in more destruction
307$test = curr_test();
4e8e7886 308{
309 package A;
310 sub new { bless {}, shift }
805232b4 311 DESTROY { print "# destroying 'A'\nok ", $test + 1, "\n" }
8bac7e00 312 package _B;
4e8e7886 313 sub new { bless {}, shift }
805232b4 314 DESTROY { print "# destroying '_B'\nok $test\n"; bless shift, 'A' }
4e8e7886 315 package main;
8bac7e00 316 my $b = _B->new;
4e8e7886 317}
805232b4 318curr_test($test + 2);
4e8e7886 319
320# test if $_[0] is properly protected in DESTROY()
321
322{
805232b4 323 my $test = curr_test();
4e8e7886 324 my $i = 0;
325 local $SIG{'__DIE__'} = sub {
326 my $m = shift;
327 if ($i++ > 4) {
805232b4 328 print "# infinite recursion, bailing\nnot ok $test\n";
4e8e7886 329 exit 1;
330 }
805232b4 331 like ($m, qr/^Modification of a read-only/);
4e8e7886 332 };
333 package C;
334 sub new { bless {}, shift }
335 DESTROY { $_[0] = 'foo' }
336 {
337 print "# should generate an error...\n";
338 my $c = C->new;
339 }
340 print "# good, didn't recurse\n";
341}
342
0dd88869 343# test if refgen behaves with autoviv magic
0dd88869 344{
345 my @a;
805232b4 346 $a[1] = "good";
347 my $got;
348 for (@a) {
349 $got .= ${\$_};
350 $got .= ';';
351 }
352 is ($got, ";good;");
0dd88869 353}
354
840a7b70 355# This test is the reason for postponed destruction in sv_unref
356$a = [1,2,3];
357$a = $a->[1];
805232b4 358is ($a, 2);
840a7b70 359
04ca4930 360# This test used to coredump. The BEGIN block is important as it causes the
361# op that created the constant reference to be freed. Hence the only
362# reference to the constant string "pass" is in $a. The hack that made
363# sure $a = $a->[1] would work didn't work with references to constants.
364
04ca4930 365
366foreach my $lexical ('', 'my $a; ') {
367 my $expect = "pass\n";
368 my $result = runperl (switches => ['-wl'], stderr => 1,
369 prog => $lexical . 'BEGIN {$a = \q{pass}}; $a = $$a; print $a');
370
805232b4 371 is ($?, 0);
372 is ($result, $expect);
840a7b70 373}
374
e24631be 375$test = curr_test();
04ca4930 376sub x::DESTROY {print "ok ", $test + shift->[0], "\n"}
377{ my $a1 = bless [3],"x";
378 my $a2 = bless [2],"x";
379 { my $a3 = bless [1],"x";
380 my $a4 = bless [0],"x";
381 567;
382 }
383}
805232b4 384curr_test($test+4);
385
386is (runperl (switches=>['-l'],
387 prog=> 'print 1; print qq-*$\*-;print 1;'),
388 "1\n*\n*\n1\n");
b2ce0fda 389
39cff0d9 390# bug #21347
391
392runperl(prog => 'sub UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD { qr// } a->p' );
805232b4 393is ($?, 0, 'UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD called when freeing qr//');
39cff0d9 394
7b102d90 395runperl(prog => 'sub UNIVERSAL::DESTROY { warn } bless \$a, A', stderr => 1);
805232b4 396is ($?, 0, 'warn called inside UNIVERSAL::DESTROY');
7b102d90 397
23bb1b96 398
399# bug #22719
400
401runperl(prog => 'sub f { my $x = shift; *z = $x; } f({}); f();');
805232b4 402is ($?, 0, 'coredump on typeglob = (SvRV && !SvROK)');
23bb1b96 403
ec5f3c78 404# bug #27268: freeing self-referential typeglobs could trigger
405# "Attempt to free unreferenced scalar" warnings
406
805232b4 407is (runperl(
ec5f3c78 408 prog => 'use Symbol;my $x=bless \gensym,"t"; print;*$$x=$x',
409 stderr => 1
805232b4 410), '', 'freeing self-referential typeglob');
23bb1b96 411
804ffa60 412# using a regex in the destructor for STDOUT segfaulted because the
413# REGEX pad had already been freed (ithreads build only). The
414# object is required to trigger the early freeing of GV refs to to STDOUT
415
805232b4 416like (runperl(
804ffa60 417 prog => '$x=bless[]; sub IO::Handle::DESTROY{$_="bad";s/bad/ok/;print}',
418 stderr => 1
805232b4 419 ), qr/^(ok)+$/, 'STDOUT destructor');
804ffa60 420
512d1826 421TODO: {
422 no strict 'refs';
423 $name8 = chr 163;
424 $name_utf8 = $name8 . chr 256;
425 chop $name_utf8;
426
427 is ($$name8, undef, 'Nothing before we start');
428 is ($$name_utf8, undef, 'Nothing before we start');
429 $$name8 = "Pound";
430 is ($$name8, "Pound", 'Accessing via 8 bit symref works');
431 local $TODO = "UTF8 mangled in symrefs";
432 is ($$name_utf8, "Pound", 'Accessing via UTF8 symref works');
433}
434
435TODO: {
436 no strict 'refs';
437 $name_utf8 = $name = chr 9787;
438 utf8::encode $name_utf8;
439
440 is (length $name, 1, "Name is 1 char");
441 is (length $name_utf8, 3, "UTF8 representation is 3 chars");
442
443 is ($$name, undef, 'Nothing before we start');
444 is ($$name_utf8, undef, 'Nothing before we start');
445 $$name = "Face";
446 is ($$name, "Face", 'Accessing via Unicode symref works');
447 local $TODO = "UTF8 mangled in symrefs";
448 is ($$name_utf8, undef,
449 'Accessing via the UTF8 byte sequence gives nothing');
450}
451
431529db 452{
512d1826 453 no strict 'refs';
454 $name1 = "\0Chalk";
455 $name2 = "\0Cheese";
456
457 isnt ($name1, $name2, "They differ");
458
431529db 459 is ($$name1, undef, 'Nothing before we start (scalars)');
512d1826 460 is ($$name2, undef, 'Nothing before we start');
b3d904f3 461 $$name1 = "Yummy";
512d1826 462 is ($$name1, "Yummy", 'Accessing via the correct name works');
512d1826 463 is ($$name2, undef,
464 'Accessing via a different NUL-containing name gives nothing');
fc4809d7 465 # defined uses a different code path
466 ok (defined $$name1, 'defined via the correct name works');
467 ok (!defined $$name2,
468 'defined via a different NUL-containing name gives nothing');
431529db 469
470 is ($name1->[0], undef, 'Nothing before we start (arrays)');
471 is ($name2->[0], undef, 'Nothing before we start');
472 $name1->[0] = "Yummy";
473 is ($name1->[0], "Yummy", 'Accessing via the correct name works');
474 is ($name2->[0], undef,
475 'Accessing via a different NUL-containing name gives nothing');
fc4809d7 476 ok (defined $name1->[0], 'defined via the correct name works');
477 ok (!defined$name2->[0],
478 'defined via a different NUL-containing name gives nothing');
431529db 479
480 my (undef, $one) = @{$name1}[2,3];
481 my (undef, $two) = @{$name2}[2,3];
482 is ($one, undef, 'Nothing before we start (array slices)');
483 is ($two, undef, 'Nothing before we start');
484 @{$name1}[2,3] = ("Very", "Yummy");
485 (undef, $one) = @{$name1}[2,3];
486 (undef, $two) = @{$name2}[2,3];
487 is ($one, "Yummy", 'Accessing via the correct name works');
488 is ($two, undef,
489 'Accessing via a different NUL-containing name gives nothing');
fc4809d7 490 ok (defined $one, 'defined via the correct name works');
491 ok (!defined $two,
492 'defined via a different NUL-containing name gives nothing');
431529db 493
494 is ($name1->{PWOF}, undef, 'Nothing before we start (hashes)');
495 is ($name2->{PWOF}, undef, 'Nothing before we start');
496 $name1->{PWOF} = "Yummy";
497 is ($name1->{PWOF}, "Yummy", 'Accessing via the correct name works');
498 is ($name2->{PWOF}, undef,
499 'Accessing via a different NUL-containing name gives nothing');
fc4809d7 500 ok (defined $name1->{PWOF}, 'defined via the correct name works');
501 ok (!defined $name2->{PWOF},
502 'defined via a different NUL-containing name gives nothing');
431529db 503
504 my (undef, $one) = @{$name1}{'SNIF', 'BEEYOOP'};
505 my (undef, $two) = @{$name2}{'SNIF', 'BEEYOOP'};
506 is ($one, undef, 'Nothing before we start (hash slices)');
507 is ($two, undef, 'Nothing before we start');
508 @{$name1}{'SNIF', 'BEEYOOP'} = ("Very", "Yummy");
509 (undef, $one) = @{$name1}{'SNIF', 'BEEYOOP'};
510 (undef, $two) = @{$name2}{'SNIF', 'BEEYOOP'};
511 is ($one, "Yummy", 'Accessing via the correct name works');
512 is ($two, undef,
513 'Accessing via a different NUL-containing name gives nothing');
fc4809d7 514 ok (defined $one, 'defined via the correct name works');
515 ok (!defined $two,
516 'defined via a different NUL-containing name gives nothing');
431529db 517
518 $name1 = "Left"; $name2 = "Left\0Right";
519 my $glob2 = *{$name2};
520
88e5f542 521 is ($glob1, undef, "We get different typeglobs. In fact, undef");
780a5241 522
523 *{$name1} = sub {"One"};
524 *{$name2} = sub {"Two"};
525
526 is (&{$name1}, "One");
527 is (&{$name2}, "Two");
512d1826 528}
529
9a9798c2 530# test derefs after list slice
531
532is ( ({foo => "bar"})[0]{foo}, "bar", 'hash deref from list slice w/o ->' );
533is ( ({foo => "bar"})[0]->{foo}, "bar", 'hash deref from list slice w/ ->' );
534is ( ([qw/foo bar/])[0][1], "bar", 'array deref from list slice w/o ->' );
535is ( ([qw/foo bar/])[0]->[1], "bar", 'array deref from list slice w/ ->' );
536is ( (sub {"bar"})[0](), "bar", 'code deref from list slice w/o ->' );
537is ( (sub {"bar"})[0]->(), "bar", 'code deref from list slice w/ ->' );
538
539# deref on empty list shouldn't autovivify
540{
541 local $@;
542 eval { ()[0]{foo} };
543 like ( "$@", "Can't use an undefined value as a HASH reference",
544 "deref of undef from list slice fails" );
545}
546
cbae9b9f 547# test dereferencing errors
548{
2d905216 549 format STDERR =
550.
551 my $ref;
552 foreach $ref (*STDOUT{IO}, *STDERR{FORMAT}) {
553 eval q/ $$ref /;
554 like($@, qr/Not a SCALAR reference/, "Scalar dereference");
555 eval q/ @$ref /;
556 like($@, qr/Not an ARRAY reference/, "Array dereference");
557 eval q/ %$ref /;
558 like($@, qr/Not a HASH reference/, "Hash dereference");
559 eval q/ &$ref /;
560 like($@, qr/Not a CODE reference/, "Code dereference");
561 }
562
563 $ref = *STDERR{FORMAT};
564 eval q/ *$ref /;
565 like($@, qr/Not a GLOB reference/, "Glob dereference");
566
567 $ref = *STDOUT{IO};
568 eval q/ *$ref /;
569 is($@, '', "Glob dereference of PVIO is acceptable");
570
571 is($ref, *{$ref}{IO}, "IO slot of the temporary glob is set correctly");
cbae9b9f 572}
573
6e592b3a 574# these will segfault if they fail
575
576my $pvbm = PVBM;
577my $rpvbm = \$pvbm;
578
579ok (!eval { *$rpvbm }, 'PVBM ref is not a GLOB ref');
580ok (!eval { *$pvbm }, 'PVBM is not a GLOB ref');
581ok (!eval { $$pvbm }, 'PVBM is not a SCALAR ref');
582ok (!eval { @$pvbm }, 'PVBM is not an ARRAY ref');
583ok (!eval { %$pvbm }, 'PVBM is not a HASH ref');
584ok (!eval { $pvbm->() }, 'PVBM is not a CODE ref');
585ok (!eval { $rpvbm->foo }, 'PVBM is not an object');
586
fcf99ed4 587# bug 24254
588is( runperl(stderr => 1, prog => 'map eval qq(exit),1 for 1'), "");
589is( runperl(stderr => 1, prog => 'eval { for (1) { map { die } 2 } };'), "");
590is( runperl(stderr => 1, prog => 'for (125) { map { exit } (213)}'), "");
54c717c3 591my $hushed = $^O eq 'VMS' ? 'use vmsish qw(hushed);' : '';
592is( runperl(stderr => 1, prog => $hushed . 'map die,4 for 3'), "Died at -e line 1.\n");
593is( runperl(stderr => 1, prog => $hushed . 'grep die,4 for 3'), "Died at -e line 1.\n");
594is( runperl(stderr => 1, prog => $hushed . 'for $a (3) {@b=sort {die} 4,5}'), "Died at -e line 1.\n");
fcf99ed4 595
596# bug 57564
597is( runperl(stderr => 1, prog => 'my $i;for $i (1) { for $i (2) { } }'), "");
598
599
805232b4 600# Bit of a hack to make test.pl happy. There are 3 more tests after it leaves.
601$test = curr_test();
602curr_test($test + 3);
4e8e7886 603# test global destruction
604
840a7b70 605my $test1 = $test + 1;
606my $test2 = $test + 2;
607
8990e307 608package FINALE;
609
610{
840a7b70 611 $ref3 = bless ["ok $test2\n"]; # package destruction
612 my $ref2 = bless ["ok $test1\n"]; # lexical destruction
613 local $ref1 = bless ["ok $test\n"]; # dynamic destruction
8990e307 614 1; # flush any temp values on stack
615}
616
617DESTROY {
618 print $_[0][0];
619}
804ffa60 620