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1 | =head1 NAME |
2 | |
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3 | perlfaq - frequently asked questions about Perl ($Date: 2003/01/31 17:37:17 $) |
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4 | |
5 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
6 | |
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7 | The perlfaq is divided into several documents based on topics. A table |
8 | of contents is at the end of this document. |
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9 | |
197aec24 |
10 | =head2 Where to get the perlfaq |
11 | |
12 | Extracts of the perlfaq are posted regularly to |
13 | comp.lang.perl.misc. It is available on many web sites: |
14 | http://www.perldoc.com/ and http://faq.perl.org/ |
15 | |
16 | =head2 How to contribute to the perlfaq |
17 | |
18 | You may mail corrections, additions, and suggestions to |
19 | perlfaq-workers@perl.org . This alias should not be used to |
20 | I<ask> FAQs. It's for fixing the current FAQ. Send |
21 | questions to the comp.lang.perl.misc newsgroup. You can |
22 | view the source tree at http://cvs.perl.org/cvsweb/perlfaq/ |
23 | (which is outside of the main Perl source tree). The CVS |
24 | repository notes all changes to the FAQ. |
25 | |
26 | =head2 What will happen if you mail your Perl programming problems to the authors |
27 | |
28 | Your questions will probably go unread, unless they're |
29 | suggestions of new questions to add to the FAQ, in which |
30 | case they should have gone to the perlfaq-workers@perl.org |
31 | instead. |
32 | |
33 | You should have read section 2 of this faq. There you would |
34 | have learned that comp.lang.perl.misc is the appropriate |
35 | place to go for free advice. If your question is really |
36 | important and you require a prompt and correct answer, you |
37 | should hire a consultant. |
38 | |
39 | =head1 Credits |
40 | |
41 | The original perlfaq was written by Tom Christiansen, then expanded |
42 | by collaboration between Tom and Nathan Torkington. The current |
43 | document is maintained by the perlfaq-workers (perlfaq-workers@perl.org). |
44 | Several people have contributed answers, corrections, and comments. |
45 | |
46 | =head1 Author and Copyright Information |
47 | |
48 | Copyright (c) 1997-2003 Tom Christiansen, Nathan Torkington, and |
49 | other contributors noted in the answers. |
50 | |
51 | All rights reserved. |
52 | |
53 | =head2 Bundled Distributions |
54 | |
55 | This documentation is free; you can redistribute it and/or modify it |
56 | under the same terms as Perl itself. |
57 | |
58 | Irrespective of its distribution, all code examples in these files |
59 | are hereby placed into the public domain. You are permitted and |
60 | encouraged to use this code in your own programs for fun |
61 | or for profit as you see fit. A simple comment in the code giving |
62 | credit would be courteous but is not required. |
63 | |
64 | =head2 Disclaimer |
65 | |
66 | This information is offered in good faith and in the hope that it may |
67 | be of use, but is not guaranteed to be correct, up to date, or suitable |
68 | for any particular purpose whatsoever. The authors accept no liability |
69 | in respect of this information or its use. |
70 | |
71 | =head1 Table of Contents |
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72 | |
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73 | =over 4 |
74 | |
75 | =item perlfaq - this document |
76 | |
77 | =item perlfaq1 - General Questions About Perl |
78 | |
79 | =item perlfaq2 - Obtaining and Learning about Perl |
80 | |
81 | =item perlfaq3 - Programming Tools |
82 | |
83 | =item perlfaq4 - Data Manipulation |
84 | |
85 | =item perlfaq5 - Files and Formats |
86 | |
87 | =item perlfaq6 - Regular Expressions |
88 | |
89 | =item perlfaq7 - General Perl Language Issues |
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90 | |
5cd0b561 |
91 | =item perlfaq8 - System Interaction |
92 | |
93 | =item perlfaq9 - Networking |
94 | |
95 | |
96 | =back |
97 | |
98 | |
99 | =head1 The Questions |
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100 | |
40d4dc3e |
101 | =head2 L<perlfaq1>: General Questions About Perl |
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102 | |
ae3d0b9f |
103 | Very general, high-level questions about Perl. |
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104 | |
65acb1b1 |
105 | =over 4 |
106 | |
40d4dc3e |
107 | =item * |
108 | |
109 | What is Perl? |
110 | |
111 | =item * |
112 | |
113 | Who supports Perl? Who develops it? Why is it free? |
114 | |
115 | =item * |
116 | |
117 | Which version of Perl should I use? |
118 | |
119 | =item * |
120 | |
121 | What are perl4 and perl5? |
122 | |
123 | =item * |
124 | |
125 | What is perl6? |
65acb1b1 |
126 | |
40d4dc3e |
127 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
128 | |
40d4dc3e |
129 | How stable is Perl? |
65acb1b1 |
130 | |
40d4dc3e |
131 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
132 | |
40d4dc3e |
133 | Is Perl difficult to learn? |
65acb1b1 |
134 | |
40d4dc3e |
135 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
136 | |
40d4dc3e |
137 | How does Perl compare with other languages like Java, Python, REXX, Scheme, or Tcl? |
65acb1b1 |
138 | |
40d4dc3e |
139 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
140 | |
40d4dc3e |
141 | Can I do [task] in Perl? |
65acb1b1 |
142 | |
40d4dc3e |
143 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
144 | |
40d4dc3e |
145 | When shouldn't I program in Perl? |
65acb1b1 |
146 | |
40d4dc3e |
147 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
148 | |
40d4dc3e |
149 | What's the difference between "perl" and "Perl"? |
65acb1b1 |
150 | |
40d4dc3e |
151 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
152 | |
40d4dc3e |
153 | Is it a Perl program or a Perl script? |
154 | |
155 | =item * |
156 | |
157 | What is a JAPH? |
158 | |
159 | =item * |
160 | |
161 | Where can I get a list of Larry Wall witticisms? |
162 | |
163 | =item * |
164 | |
ae3d0b9f |
165 | How can I convince my sysadmin/supervisor/employees to use version 5/5.6.1/Perl instead of some other language? |
65acb1b1 |
166 | |
167 | =back |
168 | |
169 | |
40d4dc3e |
170 | =head2 L<perlfaq2>: Obtaining and Learning about Perl |
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171 | |
ae3d0b9f |
172 | Where to find source and documentation for Perl, support, |
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173 | and related matters. |
174 | |
65acb1b1 |
175 | =over 4 |
176 | |
40d4dc3e |
177 | =item * |
178 | |
179 | What machines support Perl? Where do I get it? |
180 | |
181 | =item * |
182 | |
183 | How can I get a binary version of Perl? |
65acb1b1 |
184 | |
40d4dc3e |
185 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
186 | |
40d4dc3e |
187 | I don't have a C compiler on my system. How can I compile perl? |
65acb1b1 |
188 | |
40d4dc3e |
189 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
190 | |
40d4dc3e |
191 | I copied the Perl binary from one machine to another, but scripts don't work. |
65acb1b1 |
192 | |
40d4dc3e |
193 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
194 | |
40d4dc3e |
195 | I grabbed the sources and tried to compile but gdbm/dynamic loading/malloc/linking/... failed. How do I make it work? |
65acb1b1 |
196 | |
40d4dc3e |
197 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
198 | |
40d4dc3e |
199 | What modules and extensions are available for Perl? What is CPAN? What does CPAN/src/... mean? |
65acb1b1 |
200 | |
40d4dc3e |
201 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
202 | |
40d4dc3e |
203 | Is there an ISO or ANSI certified version of Perl? |
65acb1b1 |
204 | |
40d4dc3e |
205 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
206 | |
40d4dc3e |
207 | Where can I get information on Perl? |
65acb1b1 |
208 | |
40d4dc3e |
209 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
210 | |
40d4dc3e |
211 | What are the Perl newsgroups on Usenet? Where do I post questions? |
65acb1b1 |
212 | |
40d4dc3e |
213 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
214 | |
40d4dc3e |
215 | Where should I post source code? |
65acb1b1 |
216 | |
40d4dc3e |
217 | =item * |
218 | |
219 | Perl Books |
220 | |
221 | =item * |
222 | |
223 | Perl in Magazines |
224 | |
225 | =item * |
226 | |
227 | Perl on the Net: FTP and WWW Access |
228 | |
229 | =item * |
230 | |
231 | What mailing lists are there for Perl? |
232 | |
233 | =item * |
234 | |
235 | Archives of comp.lang.perl.misc |
236 | |
237 | =item * |
238 | |
239 | Where can I buy a commercial version of Perl? |
240 | |
241 | =item * |
242 | |
243 | Where do I send bug reports? |
244 | |
245 | =item * |
246 | |
ae3d0b9f |
247 | What is perl.com? Perl Mongers? pm.org? perl.org? cpan.org? |
65acb1b1 |
248 | |
249 | =back |
250 | |
251 | |
40d4dc3e |
252 | =head2 L<perlfaq3>: Programming Tools |
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253 | |
254 | Programmer tools and programming support. |
255 | |
65acb1b1 |
256 | =over 4 |
257 | |
40d4dc3e |
258 | =item * |
259 | |
260 | How do I do (anything)? |
261 | |
262 | =item * |
263 | |
264 | How can I use Perl interactively? |
265 | |
266 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
267 | |
40d4dc3e |
268 | Is there a Perl shell? |
65acb1b1 |
269 | |
40d4dc3e |
270 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
271 | |
49d635f9 |
272 | How do I find which modules are installed on my system? |
273 | |
274 | =item * |
275 | |
40d4dc3e |
276 | How do I debug my Perl programs? |
65acb1b1 |
277 | |
40d4dc3e |
278 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
279 | |
40d4dc3e |
280 | How do I profile my Perl programs? |
65acb1b1 |
281 | |
40d4dc3e |
282 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
283 | |
40d4dc3e |
284 | How do I cross-reference my Perl programs? |
65acb1b1 |
285 | |
40d4dc3e |
286 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
287 | |
40d4dc3e |
288 | Is there a pretty-printer (formatter) for Perl? |
65acb1b1 |
289 | |
40d4dc3e |
290 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
291 | |
40d4dc3e |
292 | Is there a ctags for Perl? |
65acb1b1 |
293 | |
40d4dc3e |
294 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
295 | |
40d4dc3e |
296 | Is there an IDE or Windows Perl Editor? |
65acb1b1 |
297 | |
40d4dc3e |
298 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
299 | |
40d4dc3e |
300 | Where can I get Perl macros for vi? |
65acb1b1 |
301 | |
40d4dc3e |
302 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
303 | |
40d4dc3e |
304 | Where can I get perl-mode for emacs? |
65acb1b1 |
305 | |
40d4dc3e |
306 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
307 | |
40d4dc3e |
308 | How can I use curses with Perl? |
65acb1b1 |
309 | |
40d4dc3e |
310 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
311 | |
40d4dc3e |
312 | How can I use X or Tk with Perl? |
65acb1b1 |
313 | |
40d4dc3e |
314 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
315 | |
40d4dc3e |
316 | How can I generate simple menus without using CGI or Tk? |
65acb1b1 |
317 | |
40d4dc3e |
318 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
319 | |
40d4dc3e |
320 | How can I make my Perl program run faster? |
65acb1b1 |
321 | |
40d4dc3e |
322 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
323 | |
40d4dc3e |
324 | How can I make my Perl program take less memory? |
325 | |
326 | =item * |
327 | |
49d635f9 |
328 | Is it safe to return a reference to local or lexical data? |
40d4dc3e |
329 | |
330 | =item * |
331 | |
332 | How can I free an array or hash so my program shrinks? |
333 | |
334 | =item * |
335 | |
336 | How can I make my CGI script more efficient? |
337 | |
338 | =item * |
339 | |
340 | How can I hide the source for my Perl program? |
341 | |
342 | =item * |
343 | |
344 | How can I compile my Perl program into byte code or C? |
345 | |
346 | =item * |
347 | |
348 | How can I compile Perl into Java? |
349 | |
350 | =item * |
351 | |
352 | How can I get C<#!perl> to work on [MS-DOS,NT,...]? |
353 | |
354 | =item * |
355 | |
356 | Can I write useful Perl programs on the command line? |
357 | |
358 | =item * |
359 | |
360 | Why don't Perl one-liners work on my DOS/Mac/VMS system? |
361 | |
362 | =item * |
363 | |
364 | Where can I learn about CGI or Web programming in Perl? |
365 | |
366 | =item * |
367 | |
368 | Where can I learn about object-oriented Perl programming? |
369 | |
370 | =item * |
371 | |
372 | Where can I learn about linking C with Perl? [h2xs, xsubpp] |
373 | |
374 | =item * |
375 | |
376 | I've read perlembed, perlguts, etc., but I can't embed perl in |
a6dd486b |
377 | my C program; what am I doing wrong? |
65acb1b1 |
378 | |
40d4dc3e |
379 | =item * |
380 | |
ae3d0b9f |
381 | When I tried to run my script, I got this message. What does it mean? |
65acb1b1 |
382 | |
40d4dc3e |
383 | =item * |
384 | |
385 | What's MakeMaker? |
65acb1b1 |
386 | |
387 | =back |
388 | |
389 | |
40d4dc3e |
390 | =head2 L<perlfaq4>: Data Manipulation |
68dc0745 |
391 | |
392 | Manipulating numbers, dates, strings, arrays, hashes, and |
393 | miscellaneous data issues. |
394 | |
65acb1b1 |
395 | =over 4 |
396 | |
40d4dc3e |
397 | =item * |
398 | |
399 | Why am I getting long decimals (eg, 19.9499999999999) instead of the numbers I should be getting (eg, 19.95)? |
400 | |
401 | =item * |
402 | |
403 | Why isn't my octal data interpreted correctly? |
404 | |
405 | =item * |
406 | |
407 | Does Perl have a round() function? What about ceil() and floor()? Trig functions? |
408 | |
409 | =item * |
410 | |
ae3d0b9f |
411 | How do I convert between numeric representations? |
40d4dc3e |
412 | |
413 | =item * |
414 | |
415 | Why doesn't & work the way I want it to? |
65acb1b1 |
416 | |
40d4dc3e |
417 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
418 | |
40d4dc3e |
419 | How do I multiply matrices? |
65acb1b1 |
420 | |
40d4dc3e |
421 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
422 | |
40d4dc3e |
423 | How do I perform an operation on a series of integers? |
65acb1b1 |
424 | |
40d4dc3e |
425 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
426 | |
40d4dc3e |
427 | How can I output Roman numerals? |
65acb1b1 |
428 | |
40d4dc3e |
429 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
430 | |
40d4dc3e |
431 | Why aren't my random numbers random? |
65acb1b1 |
432 | |
40d4dc3e |
433 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
434 | |
881bdbd4 |
435 | How do I get a random number between X and Y? |
436 | |
437 | =item * |
438 | |
5cd0b561 |
439 | How do I find the day or week of the year? |
d92eb7b0 |
440 | |
40d4dc3e |
441 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
442 | |
40d4dc3e |
443 | How do I find the current century or millennium? |
65acb1b1 |
444 | |
40d4dc3e |
445 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
446 | |
40d4dc3e |
447 | How can I compare two dates and find the difference? |
65acb1b1 |
448 | |
40d4dc3e |
449 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
450 | |
40d4dc3e |
451 | How can I take a string and turn it into epoch seconds? |
65acb1b1 |
452 | |
40d4dc3e |
453 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
454 | |
40d4dc3e |
455 | How can I find the Julian Day? |
65acb1b1 |
456 | |
40d4dc3e |
457 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
458 | |
40d4dc3e |
459 | How do I find yesterday's date? |
65acb1b1 |
460 | |
40d4dc3e |
461 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
462 | |
40d4dc3e |
463 | Does Perl have a Year 2000 problem? Is Perl Y2K compliant? |
65acb1b1 |
464 | |
40d4dc3e |
465 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
466 | |
40d4dc3e |
467 | How do I validate input? |
65acb1b1 |
468 | |
40d4dc3e |
469 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
470 | |
40d4dc3e |
471 | How do I unescape a string? |
65acb1b1 |
472 | |
40d4dc3e |
473 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
474 | |
40d4dc3e |
475 | How do I remove consecutive pairs of characters? |
476 | |
477 | =item * |
478 | |
479 | How do I expand function calls in a string? |
480 | |
481 | =item * |
482 | |
483 | How do I find matching/nesting anything? |
484 | |
485 | =item * |
486 | |
487 | How do I reverse a string? |
488 | |
489 | =item * |
490 | |
491 | How do I expand tabs in a string? |
492 | |
493 | =item * |
494 | |
495 | How do I reformat a paragraph? |
496 | |
497 | =item * |
498 | |
49d635f9 |
499 | How can I access or change N characters of a string? |
40d4dc3e |
500 | |
501 | =item * |
502 | |
503 | How do I change the Nth occurrence of something? |
504 | |
505 | =item * |
506 | |
507 | How can I count the number of occurrences of a substring within a string? |
508 | |
509 | =item * |
510 | |
511 | How do I capitalize all the words on one line? |
512 | |
513 | =item * |
514 | |
49d635f9 |
515 | How can I split a [character] delimited string except when inside [character]? |
65acb1b1 |
516 | |
40d4dc3e |
517 | =item * |
518 | |
519 | How do I strip blank space from the beginning/end of a string? |
520 | |
521 | =item * |
522 | |
523 | How do I pad a string with blanks or pad a number with zeroes? |
524 | |
525 | =item * |
526 | |
527 | How do I extract selected columns from a string? |
528 | |
529 | =item * |
530 | |
531 | How do I find the soundex value of a string? |
532 | |
533 | =item * |
534 | |
535 | How can I expand variables in text strings? |
536 | |
537 | =item * |
538 | |
539 | What's wrong with always quoting "$vars"? |
540 | |
541 | =item * |
542 | |
04d666b1 |
543 | Why don't my E<lt>E<lt>HERE documents work? |
40d4dc3e |
544 | |
545 | =item * |
546 | |
547 | What is the difference between a list and an array? |
548 | |
549 | =item * |
550 | |
551 | What is the difference between $array[1] and @array[1]? |
552 | |
553 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
554 | |
40d4dc3e |
555 | How can I remove duplicate elements from a list or array? |
65acb1b1 |
556 | |
40d4dc3e |
557 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
558 | |
ae3d0b9f |
559 | How can I tell whether a certain element is contained in a list or array? |
65acb1b1 |
560 | |
40d4dc3e |
561 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
562 | |
40d4dc3e |
563 | How do I compute the difference of two arrays? How do I compute the intersection of two arrays? |
65acb1b1 |
564 | |
40d4dc3e |
565 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
566 | |
40d4dc3e |
567 | How do I test whether two arrays or hashes are equal? |
65acb1b1 |
568 | |
40d4dc3e |
569 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
570 | |
40d4dc3e |
571 | How do I find the first array element for which a condition is true? |
65acb1b1 |
572 | |
40d4dc3e |
573 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
574 | |
40d4dc3e |
575 | How do I handle linked lists? |
65acb1b1 |
576 | |
40d4dc3e |
577 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
578 | |
40d4dc3e |
579 | How do I handle circular lists? |
65acb1b1 |
580 | |
40d4dc3e |
581 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
582 | |
40d4dc3e |
583 | How do I shuffle an array randomly? |
65acb1b1 |
584 | |
40d4dc3e |
585 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
586 | |
40d4dc3e |
587 | How do I process/modify each element of an array? |
65acb1b1 |
588 | |
40d4dc3e |
589 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
590 | |
40d4dc3e |
591 | How do I select a random element from an array? |
65acb1b1 |
592 | |
40d4dc3e |
593 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
594 | |
40d4dc3e |
595 | How do I permute N elements of a list? |
65acb1b1 |
596 | |
40d4dc3e |
597 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
598 | |
40d4dc3e |
599 | How do I sort an array by (anything)? |
65acb1b1 |
600 | |
40d4dc3e |
601 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
602 | |
40d4dc3e |
603 | How do I manipulate arrays of bits? |
65acb1b1 |
604 | |
40d4dc3e |
605 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
606 | |
40d4dc3e |
607 | Why does defined() return true on empty arrays and hashes? |
65acb1b1 |
608 | |
40d4dc3e |
609 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
610 | |
40d4dc3e |
611 | How do I process an entire hash? |
65acb1b1 |
612 | |
40d4dc3e |
613 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
614 | |
40d4dc3e |
615 | What happens if I add or remove keys from a hash while iterating over it? |
65acb1b1 |
616 | |
40d4dc3e |
617 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
618 | |
40d4dc3e |
619 | How do I look up a hash element by value? |
65acb1b1 |
620 | |
40d4dc3e |
621 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
622 | |
40d4dc3e |
623 | How can I know how many entries are in a hash? |
65acb1b1 |
624 | |
40d4dc3e |
625 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
626 | |
40d4dc3e |
627 | How do I sort a hash (optionally by value instead of key)? |
65acb1b1 |
628 | |
40d4dc3e |
629 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
630 | |
40d4dc3e |
631 | How can I always keep my hash sorted? |
65acb1b1 |
632 | |
40d4dc3e |
633 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
634 | |
40d4dc3e |
635 | What's the difference between "delete" and "undef" with hashes? |
65acb1b1 |
636 | |
40d4dc3e |
637 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
638 | |
40d4dc3e |
639 | Why don't my tied hashes make the defined/exists distinction? |
65acb1b1 |
640 | |
40d4dc3e |
641 | =item * |
642 | |
643 | How do I reset an each() operation part-way through? |
644 | |
645 | =item * |
646 | |
647 | How can I get the unique keys from two hashes? |
648 | |
649 | =item * |
650 | |
651 | How can I store a multidimensional array in a DBM file? |
652 | |
653 | =item * |
654 | |
655 | How can I make my hash remember the order I put elements into it? |
656 | |
657 | =item * |
658 | |
659 | Why does passing a subroutine an undefined element in a hash create it? |
660 | |
661 | =item * |
662 | |
663 | How can I make the Perl equivalent of a C structure/C++ class/hash or array of hashes or arrays? |
664 | |
665 | =item * |
666 | |
667 | How can I use a reference as a hash key? |
668 | |
669 | =item * |
670 | |
671 | How do I handle binary data correctly? |
672 | |
673 | =item * |
674 | |
675 | How do I determine whether a scalar is a number/whole/integer/float? |
676 | |
677 | =item * |
678 | |
679 | How do I keep persistent data across program calls? |
680 | |
681 | =item * |
682 | |
683 | How do I print out or copy a recursive data structure? |
684 | |
685 | =item * |
686 | |
687 | How do I define methods for every class/object? |
688 | |
689 | =item * |
690 | |
691 | How do I verify a credit card checksum? |
692 | |
693 | =item * |
694 | |
695 | How do I pack arrays of doubles or floats for XS code? |
65acb1b1 |
696 | |
697 | =back |
698 | |
699 | |
40d4dc3e |
700 | =head2 L<perlfaq5>: Files and Formats |
68dc0745 |
701 | |
ae3d0b9f |
702 | I/O and the "f" issues: filehandles, flushing, formats, and footers. |
68dc0745 |
703 | |
65acb1b1 |
704 | =over 4 |
705 | |
40d4dc3e |
706 | =item * |
707 | |
708 | How do I flush/unbuffer an output filehandle? Why must I do this? |
709 | |
710 | =item * |
711 | |
712 | How do I change one line in a file/delete a line in a file/insert a line in the middle of a file/append to the beginning of a file? |
713 | |
714 | =item * |
715 | |
716 | How do I count the number of lines in a file? |
717 | |
718 | =item * |
719 | |
49d635f9 |
720 | How can I use Perl's C<-i> option from within a program? |
721 | |
722 | =item * |
723 | |
40d4dc3e |
724 | How do I make a temporary file name? |
725 | |
726 | =item * |
727 | |
728 | How can I manipulate fixed-record-length files? |
729 | |
730 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
731 | |
40d4dc3e |
732 | How can I make a filehandle local to a subroutine? How do I pass filehandles between subroutines? How do I make an array of filehandles? |
65acb1b1 |
733 | |
40d4dc3e |
734 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
735 | |
40d4dc3e |
736 | How can I use a filehandle indirectly? |
65acb1b1 |
737 | |
40d4dc3e |
738 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
739 | |
40d4dc3e |
740 | How can I set up a footer format to be used with write()? |
65acb1b1 |
741 | |
40d4dc3e |
742 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
743 | |
40d4dc3e |
744 | How can I write() into a string? |
65acb1b1 |
745 | |
40d4dc3e |
746 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
747 | |
40d4dc3e |
748 | How can I output my numbers with commas added? |
65acb1b1 |
749 | |
40d4dc3e |
750 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
751 | |
40d4dc3e |
752 | How can I translate tildes (~) in a filename? |
65acb1b1 |
753 | |
40d4dc3e |
754 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
755 | |
40d4dc3e |
756 | How come when I open a file read-write it wipes it out? |
65acb1b1 |
757 | |
40d4dc3e |
758 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
759 | |
04d666b1 |
760 | Why do I sometimes get an "Argument list too long" when I use E<lt>*E<gt>? |
65acb1b1 |
761 | |
40d4dc3e |
762 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
763 | |
40d4dc3e |
764 | Is there a leak/bug in glob()? |
65acb1b1 |
765 | |
40d4dc3e |
766 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
767 | |
40d4dc3e |
768 | How can I open a file with a leading ">" or trailing blanks? |
65acb1b1 |
769 | |
40d4dc3e |
770 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
771 | |
40d4dc3e |
772 | How can I reliably rename a file? |
65acb1b1 |
773 | |
40d4dc3e |
774 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
775 | |
40d4dc3e |
776 | How can I lock a file? |
d92eb7b0 |
777 | |
40d4dc3e |
778 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
779 | |
04d666b1 |
780 | Why can't I just open(FH, "E<gt>file.lock")? |
65acb1b1 |
781 | |
40d4dc3e |
782 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
783 | |
40d4dc3e |
784 | I still don't get locking. I just want to increment the number in the file. How can I do this? |
65acb1b1 |
785 | |
40d4dc3e |
786 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
787 | |
f52f3be2 |
788 | All I want to do is append a small amount of text to the end of a file. Do I still have to use locking? |
05caf3a7 |
789 | |
790 | =item * |
791 | |
40d4dc3e |
792 | How do I randomly update a binary file? |
65acb1b1 |
793 | |
40d4dc3e |
794 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
795 | |
40d4dc3e |
796 | How do I get a file's timestamp in perl? |
65acb1b1 |
797 | |
40d4dc3e |
798 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
799 | |
40d4dc3e |
800 | How do I set a file's timestamp in perl? |
65acb1b1 |
801 | |
40d4dc3e |
802 | =item * |
803 | |
804 | How do I print to more than one file at once? |
805 | |
806 | =item * |
807 | |
808 | How can I read in an entire file all at once? |
809 | |
810 | =item * |
811 | |
812 | How can I read in a file by paragraphs? |
813 | |
814 | =item * |
815 | |
816 | How can I read a single character from a file? From the keyboard? |
817 | |
818 | =item * |
819 | |
820 | How can I tell whether there's a character waiting on a filehandle? |
821 | |
822 | =item * |
823 | |
824 | How do I do a C<tail -f> in perl? |
825 | |
826 | =item * |
827 | |
828 | How do I dup() a filehandle in Perl? |
829 | |
830 | =item * |
831 | |
832 | How do I close a file descriptor by number? |
833 | |
834 | =item * |
835 | |
836 | Why can't I use "C:\temp\foo" in DOS paths? What doesn't `C:\temp\foo.exe` work? |
837 | |
838 | =item * |
839 | |
840 | Why doesn't glob("*.*") get all the files? |
841 | |
842 | =item * |
843 | |
844 | Why does Perl let me delete read-only files? Why does C<-i> clobber protected files? Isn't this a bug in Perl? |
845 | |
846 | =item * |
847 | |
848 | How do I select a random line from a file? |
849 | |
850 | =item * |
851 | |
852 | Why do I get weird spaces when I print an array of lines? |
65acb1b1 |
853 | |
854 | =back |
855 | |
856 | |
ae3d0b9f |
857 | =head2 L<perlfaq6>: Regular Expressions |
68dc0745 |
858 | |
859 | Pattern matching and regular expressions. |
860 | |
65acb1b1 |
861 | =over 4 |
862 | |
40d4dc3e |
863 | =item * |
864 | |
865 | How can I hope to use regular expressions without creating illegible and unmaintainable code? |
866 | |
867 | =item * |
868 | |
869 | I'm having trouble matching over more than one line. What's wrong? |
870 | |
871 | =item * |
872 | |
873 | How can I pull out lines between two patterns that are themselves on different lines? |
874 | |
875 | =item * |
876 | |
877 | I put a regular expression into $/ but it didn't work. What's wrong? |
878 | |
879 | =item * |
880 | |
881 | How do I substitute case insensitively on the LHS while preserving case on the RHS? |
882 | |
883 | =item * |
884 | |
885 | How can I make C<\w> match national character sets? |
886 | |
887 | =item * |
888 | |
889 | How can I match a locale-smart version of C</[a-zA-Z]/>? |
65acb1b1 |
890 | |
40d4dc3e |
891 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
892 | |
40d4dc3e |
893 | How can I quote a variable to use in a regex? |
65acb1b1 |
894 | |
40d4dc3e |
895 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
896 | |
40d4dc3e |
897 | What is C</o> really for? |
65acb1b1 |
898 | |
40d4dc3e |
899 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
900 | |
40d4dc3e |
901 | How do I use a regular expression to strip C style comments from a file? |
65acb1b1 |
902 | |
40d4dc3e |
903 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
904 | |
40d4dc3e |
905 | Can I use Perl regular expressions to match balanced text? |
65acb1b1 |
906 | |
40d4dc3e |
907 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
908 | |
40d4dc3e |
909 | What does it mean that regexes are greedy? How can I get around it? |
65acb1b1 |
910 | |
40d4dc3e |
911 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
912 | |
40d4dc3e |
913 | How do I process each word on each line? |
65acb1b1 |
914 | |
40d4dc3e |
915 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
916 | |
40d4dc3e |
917 | How can I print out a word-frequency or line-frequency summary? |
65acb1b1 |
918 | |
40d4dc3e |
919 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
920 | |
40d4dc3e |
921 | How can I do approximate matching? |
65acb1b1 |
922 | |
40d4dc3e |
923 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
924 | |
40d4dc3e |
925 | How do I efficiently match many regular expressions at once? |
65acb1b1 |
926 | |
40d4dc3e |
927 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
928 | |
40d4dc3e |
929 | Why don't word-boundary searches with C<\b> work for me? |
65acb1b1 |
930 | |
40d4dc3e |
931 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
932 | |
40d4dc3e |
933 | Why does using $&, $`, or $' slow my program down? |
934 | |
935 | =item * |
936 | |
937 | What good is C<\G> in a regular expression? |
938 | |
939 | =item * |
940 | |
941 | Are Perl regexes DFAs or NFAs? Are they POSIX compliant? |
942 | |
943 | =item * |
944 | |
945 | What's wrong with using grep or map in a void context? |
946 | |
947 | =item * |
948 | |
949 | How can I match strings with multibyte characters? |
950 | |
951 | =item * |
952 | |
953 | How do I match a pattern that is supplied by the user? |
65acb1b1 |
954 | |
955 | =back |
956 | |
957 | |
40d4dc3e |
958 | =head2 L<perlfaq7>: General Perl Language Issues |
68dc0745 |
959 | |
960 | General Perl language issues that don't clearly fit into any of the |
961 | other sections. |
962 | |
65acb1b1 |
963 | =over 4 |
964 | |
40d4dc3e |
965 | =item * |
966 | |
967 | Can I get a BNF/yacc/RE for the Perl language? |
968 | |
969 | =item * |
970 | |
971 | What are all these $@%&* punctuation signs, and how do I know when to use them? |
972 | |
973 | =item * |
974 | |
975 | Do I always/never have to quote my strings or use semicolons and commas? |
976 | |
977 | =item * |
978 | |
979 | How do I skip some return values? |
980 | |
981 | =item * |
982 | |
983 | How do I temporarily block warnings? |
984 | |
985 | =item * |
986 | |
987 | What's an extension? |
988 | |
989 | =item * |
990 | |
991 | Why do Perl operators have different precedence than C operators? |
992 | |
993 | =item * |
994 | |
995 | How do I declare/create a structure? |
996 | |
997 | =item * |
998 | |
999 | How do I create a module? |
1000 | |
1001 | =item * |
1002 | |
1003 | How do I create a class? |
1004 | |
1005 | =item * |
1006 | |
1007 | How can I tell if a variable is tainted? |
1008 | |
1009 | =item * |
1010 | |
1011 | What's a closure? |
1012 | |
1013 | =item * |
1014 | |
1015 | What is variable suicide and how can I prevent it? |
1016 | |
1017 | =item * |
1018 | |
1019 | How can I pass/return a {Function, FileHandle, Array, Hash, Method, Regex}? |
65acb1b1 |
1020 | |
40d4dc3e |
1021 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1022 | |
40d4dc3e |
1023 | How do I create a static variable? |
65acb1b1 |
1024 | |
40d4dc3e |
1025 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1026 | |
40d4dc3e |
1027 | What's the difference between dynamic and lexical (static) scoping? Between local() and my()? |
65acb1b1 |
1028 | |
40d4dc3e |
1029 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1030 | |
40d4dc3e |
1031 | How can I access a dynamic variable while a similarly named lexical is in scope? |
65acb1b1 |
1032 | |
40d4dc3e |
1033 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1034 | |
40d4dc3e |
1035 | What's the difference between deep and shallow binding? |
65acb1b1 |
1036 | |
40d4dc3e |
1037 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1038 | |
04d666b1 |
1039 | Why doesn't "my($foo) = E<lt>FILEE<gt>;" work right? |
65acb1b1 |
1040 | |
40d4dc3e |
1041 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1042 | |
40d4dc3e |
1043 | How do I redefine a builtin function, operator, or method? |
65acb1b1 |
1044 | |
40d4dc3e |
1045 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1046 | |
40d4dc3e |
1047 | What's the difference between calling a function as &foo and foo()? |
65acb1b1 |
1048 | |
40d4dc3e |
1049 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1050 | |
40d4dc3e |
1051 | How do I create a switch or case statement? |
65acb1b1 |
1052 | |
40d4dc3e |
1053 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1054 | |
49d635f9 |
1055 | How can I catch accesses to undefined variables, functions, or methods? |
65acb1b1 |
1056 | |
40d4dc3e |
1057 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1058 | |
40d4dc3e |
1059 | Why can't a method included in this same file be found? |
65acb1b1 |
1060 | |
40d4dc3e |
1061 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1062 | |
40d4dc3e |
1063 | How can I find out my current package? |
65acb1b1 |
1064 | |
40d4dc3e |
1065 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1066 | |
40d4dc3e |
1067 | How can I comment out a large block of perl code? |
65acb1b1 |
1068 | |
40d4dc3e |
1069 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1070 | |
40d4dc3e |
1071 | How do I clear a package? |
65acb1b1 |
1072 | |
40d4dc3e |
1073 | =item * |
1074 | |
1075 | How can I use a variable as a variable name? |
d92eb7b0 |
1076 | |
5cd0b561 |
1077 | =item * |
1078 | |
1079 | What does "bad interpreter" mean? |
1080 | |
65acb1b1 |
1081 | =back |
1082 | |
1083 | |
40d4dc3e |
1084 | =head2 L<perlfaq8>: System Interaction |
68dc0745 |
1085 | |
1086 | Interprocess communication (IPC), control over the user-interface |
1087 | (keyboard, screen and pointing devices). |
1088 | |
65acb1b1 |
1089 | =over 4 |
1090 | |
40d4dc3e |
1091 | =item * |
1092 | |
1093 | How do I find out which operating system I'm running under? |
1094 | |
1095 | =item * |
1096 | |
1097 | How come exec() doesn't return? |
1098 | |
1099 | =item * |
1100 | |
1101 | How do I do fancy stuff with the keyboard/screen/mouse? |
1102 | |
1103 | =item * |
1104 | |
1105 | How do I print something out in color? |
1106 | |
1107 | =item * |
1108 | |
1109 | How do I read just one key without waiting for a return key? |
1110 | |
1111 | =item * |
1112 | |
1113 | How do I check whether input is ready on the keyboard? |
1114 | |
1115 | =item * |
1116 | |
1117 | How do I clear the screen? |
1118 | |
1119 | =item * |
1120 | |
1121 | How do I get the screen size? |
1122 | |
1123 | =item * |
1124 | |
1125 | How do I ask the user for a password? |
1126 | |
1127 | =item * |
1128 | |
1129 | How do I read and write the serial port? |
1130 | |
1131 | =item * |
1132 | |
1133 | How do I decode encrypted password files? |
1134 | |
1135 | =item * |
1136 | |
1137 | How do I start a process in the background? |
1138 | |
1139 | =item * |
1140 | |
1141 | How do I trap control characters/signals? |
1142 | |
1143 | =item * |
1144 | |
1145 | How do I modify the shadow password file on a Unix system? |
1146 | |
1147 | =item * |
1148 | |
1149 | How do I set the time and date? |
1150 | |
1151 | =item * |
1152 | |
1153 | How can I sleep() or alarm() for under a second? |
1154 | |
1155 | =item * |
1156 | |
1157 | How can I measure time under a second? |
1158 | |
1159 | =item * |
1160 | |
1161 | How can I do an atexit() or setjmp()/longjmp()? (Exception handling) |
1162 | |
1163 | =item * |
1164 | |
1165 | Why doesn't my sockets program work under System V (Solaris)? What does the error message "Protocol not supported" mean? |
65acb1b1 |
1166 | |
40d4dc3e |
1167 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1168 | |
40d4dc3e |
1169 | How can I call my system's unique C functions from Perl? |
65acb1b1 |
1170 | |
40d4dc3e |
1171 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1172 | |
40d4dc3e |
1173 | Where do I get the include files to do ioctl() or syscall()? |
65acb1b1 |
1174 | |
40d4dc3e |
1175 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1176 | |
40d4dc3e |
1177 | Why do setuid perl scripts complain about kernel problems? |
65acb1b1 |
1178 | |
40d4dc3e |
1179 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1180 | |
40d4dc3e |
1181 | How can I open a pipe both to and from a command? |
65acb1b1 |
1182 | |
40d4dc3e |
1183 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1184 | |
40d4dc3e |
1185 | Why can't I get the output of a command with system()? |
65acb1b1 |
1186 | |
40d4dc3e |
1187 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1188 | |
40d4dc3e |
1189 | How can I capture STDERR from an external command? |
65acb1b1 |
1190 | |
40d4dc3e |
1191 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1192 | |
40d4dc3e |
1193 | Why doesn't open() return an error when a pipe open fails? |
65acb1b1 |
1194 | |
40d4dc3e |
1195 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1196 | |
40d4dc3e |
1197 | What's wrong with using backticks in a void context? |
65acb1b1 |
1198 | |
40d4dc3e |
1199 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1200 | |
40d4dc3e |
1201 | How can I call backticks without shell processing? |
65acb1b1 |
1202 | |
40d4dc3e |
1203 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1204 | |
40d4dc3e |
1205 | Why can't my script read from STDIN after I gave it EOF (^D on Unix, ^Z on MS-DOS)? |
65acb1b1 |
1206 | |
40d4dc3e |
1207 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1208 | |
40d4dc3e |
1209 | How can I convert my shell script to perl? |
65acb1b1 |
1210 | |
40d4dc3e |
1211 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1212 | |
40d4dc3e |
1213 | Can I use perl to run a telnet or ftp session? |
65acb1b1 |
1214 | |
40d4dc3e |
1215 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1216 | |
40d4dc3e |
1217 | How can I write expect in Perl? |
65acb1b1 |
1218 | |
40d4dc3e |
1219 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1220 | |
40d4dc3e |
1221 | Is there a way to hide perl's command line from programs such as "ps"? |
65acb1b1 |
1222 | |
40d4dc3e |
1223 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1224 | |
40d4dc3e |
1225 | I {changed directory, modified my environment} in a perl script. How come the change disappeared when I exited the script? How do I get my changes to be visible? |
65acb1b1 |
1226 | |
40d4dc3e |
1227 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1228 | |
40d4dc3e |
1229 | How do I close a process's filehandle without waiting for it to complete? |
65acb1b1 |
1230 | |
40d4dc3e |
1231 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1232 | |
40d4dc3e |
1233 | How do I fork a daemon process? |
65acb1b1 |
1234 | |
40d4dc3e |
1235 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1236 | |
40d4dc3e |
1237 | How do I find out if I'm running interactively or not? |
65acb1b1 |
1238 | |
40d4dc3e |
1239 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1240 | |
40d4dc3e |
1241 | How do I timeout a slow event? |
65acb1b1 |
1242 | |
40d4dc3e |
1243 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1244 | |
40d4dc3e |
1245 | How do I set CPU limits? |
65acb1b1 |
1246 | |
40d4dc3e |
1247 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1248 | |
40d4dc3e |
1249 | How do I avoid zombies on a Unix system? |
65acb1b1 |
1250 | |
40d4dc3e |
1251 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1252 | |
40d4dc3e |
1253 | How do I use an SQL database? |
65acb1b1 |
1254 | |
40d4dc3e |
1255 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1256 | |
40d4dc3e |
1257 | How do I make a system() exit on control-C? |
65acb1b1 |
1258 | |
40d4dc3e |
1259 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1260 | |
40d4dc3e |
1261 | How do I open a file without blocking? |
1262 | |
1263 | =item * |
1264 | |
1265 | How do I install a module from CPAN? |
1266 | |
1267 | =item * |
1268 | |
1269 | What's the difference between require and use? |
1270 | |
1271 | =item * |
1272 | |
1273 | How do I keep my own module/library directory? |
1274 | |
1275 | =item * |
1276 | |
1277 | How do I add the directory my program lives in to the module/library search path? |
1278 | |
1279 | =item * |
1280 | |
1281 | How do I add a directory to my include path at runtime? |
1282 | |
1283 | =item * |
1284 | |
1285 | What is socket.ph and where do I get it? |
65acb1b1 |
1286 | |
1287 | =back |
1288 | |
1289 | |
40d4dc3e |
1290 | =head2 L<perlfaq9>: Networking |
68dc0745 |
1291 | |
ae3d0b9f |
1292 | Networking, the internet, and a few on the web. |
68dc0745 |
1293 | |
65acb1b1 |
1294 | =over 4 |
1295 | |
40d4dc3e |
1296 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1297 | |
ae3d0b9f |
1298 | What is the correct form of response from a CGI script? |
1299 | |
1300 | =item * |
1301 | |
40d4dc3e |
1302 | My CGI script runs from the command line but not the browser. (500 Server Error) |
65acb1b1 |
1303 | |
40d4dc3e |
1304 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1305 | |
40d4dc3e |
1306 | How can I get better error messages from a CGI program? |
65acb1b1 |
1307 | |
40d4dc3e |
1308 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1309 | |
40d4dc3e |
1310 | How do I remove HTML from a string? |
65acb1b1 |
1311 | |
40d4dc3e |
1312 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1313 | |
40d4dc3e |
1314 | How do I extract URLs? |
65acb1b1 |
1315 | |
40d4dc3e |
1316 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1317 | |
40d4dc3e |
1318 | How do I download a file from the user's machine? How do I open a file on another machine? |
65acb1b1 |
1319 | |
40d4dc3e |
1320 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1321 | |
40d4dc3e |
1322 | How do I make a pop-up menu in HTML? |
65acb1b1 |
1323 | |
40d4dc3e |
1324 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1325 | |
40d4dc3e |
1326 | How do I fetch an HTML file? |
65acb1b1 |
1327 | |
40d4dc3e |
1328 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1329 | |
40d4dc3e |
1330 | How do I automate an HTML form submission? |
65acb1b1 |
1331 | |
40d4dc3e |
1332 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1333 | |
40d4dc3e |
1334 | How do I decode or create those %-encodings on the web? |
65acb1b1 |
1335 | |
40d4dc3e |
1336 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1337 | |
40d4dc3e |
1338 | How do I redirect to another page? |
65acb1b1 |
1339 | |
40d4dc3e |
1340 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1341 | |
40d4dc3e |
1342 | How do I put a password on my web pages? |
65acb1b1 |
1343 | |
40d4dc3e |
1344 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1345 | |
40d4dc3e |
1346 | How do I edit my .htpasswd and .htgroup files with Perl? |
65acb1b1 |
1347 | |
40d4dc3e |
1348 | =item * |
1349 | |
1350 | How do I make sure users can't enter values into a form that cause my CGI script to do bad things? |
1351 | |
1352 | =item * |
1353 | |
1354 | How do I parse a mail header? |
1355 | |
1356 | =item * |
1357 | |
1358 | How do I decode a CGI form? |
1359 | |
1360 | =item * |
65acb1b1 |
1361 | |
40d4dc3e |
1362 | How do I check a valid mail address? |
1363 | |
1364 | =item * |
1365 | |
1366 | How do I decode a MIME/BASE64 string? |
1367 | |
1368 | =item * |
1369 | |
1370 | How do I return the user's mail address? |
1371 | |
1372 | =item * |
1373 | |
1374 | How do I send mail? |
1375 | |
1376 | =item * |
1377 | |
ae3d0b9f |
1378 | How do I use MIME to make an attachment to a mail message? |
1379 | |
1380 | =item * |
1381 | |
40d4dc3e |
1382 | How do I read mail? |
1383 | |
1384 | =item * |
1385 | |
1386 | How do I find out my hostname/domainname/IP address? |
1387 | |
1388 | =item * |
1389 | |
1390 | How do I fetch a news article or the active newsgroups? |
1391 | |
1392 | =item * |
1393 | |
1394 | How do I fetch/put an FTP file? |
1395 | |
1396 | =item * |
1397 | |
1398 | How can I do RPC in Perl? |
65acb1b1 |
1399 | |
68dc0745 |
1400 | =back |
1401 | |
40d4dc3e |
1402 | |