Commit | Line | Data |
01784f0d |
1 | =head1 NAME |
2 | |
3 | perldelta - what's new for perl5.005 |
4 | |
5 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
6 | |
7 | This document describes differences between the 5.004 release and this one. |
8 | |
429b3afa |
9 | [XXX this needs more verbose summaries of the sub topics, instead of just |
4fe4fdb3 |
10 | the "See foo." Scheduled for a second iteration. GSAR] |
429b3afa |
11 | |
12 | =head1 About the new versioning system |
13 | |
01784f0d |
14 | =head1 Incompatible Changes |
15 | |
429b3afa |
16 | =head2 WARNING: This version is not binary compatible with Perl 5.004. |
17 | |
18 | Starting with Perl 5.004_50 there were many deep and far-reaching changes |
19 | to the language internals. If you have dynamically loaded extensions |
20 | that you built under perl 5.003 or 5.004, you can continue to use them |
21 | with 5.004, but you will need to rebuild and reinstall those extensions |
22 | to use them 5.005. See L<INSTALL> for detailed instructions on how to |
23 | upgrade. |
24 | |
7ea97eb9 |
25 | =head2 Default installation structure has changed |
429b3afa |
26 | |
7ea97eb9 |
27 | The new Configure defaults are designed to allow a smooth upgrade from |
28 | 5.004 to 5.005, but you should read L<INSTALL> for a detailed |
29 | discussion of the changes in order to adapt them to your system. |
429b3afa |
30 | |
31 | =head2 Perl Source Compatibility |
32 | |
33 | When none of the experimental features are enabled, there should be |
34 | no user-visible Perl source compatibility issue. |
35 | |
36 | If threads are enabled, then some caveats apply. C<@_> and C<$_> become |
37 | lexical variables. The effect of this should be largely transparent to |
38 | the user, but there are some boundary conditions under which user will |
39 | need to be aware of the issues. [XXX Add e.g. here.] |
40 | |
fe61ab85 |
41 | Some new keywords have been introduced. These are generally expected to |
42 | have very little impact on compatibility. See L</New C<INIT> keyword>, |
43 | L</New C<lock> keyword>, and L</New C<qr//> operator>. |
44 | |
45 | Certain barewords are now reserved. Use of these will provoke a warning |
46 | if you have asked for them with the C<-w> switch. |
47 | See L</C<our> is now a reserved word>. |
48 | |
429b3afa |
49 | =head2 C Source Compatibility |
50 | |
51 | =item Core sources now require ANSI C compiler |
52 | |
53 | =item Enabling threads has source compatibility issues |
54 | |
55 | =head2 Binary Compatibility |
56 | |
57 | This version is NOT binary compatible with older versions. All extensions |
58 | will need to be recompiled. |
59 | |
60 | =head2 Security fixes may affect compatibility |
61 | |
62 | A few taint leaks and taint omissions have been corrected. This may lead |
63 | to "failure" of scripts that used to work with older versions. Compiling |
64 | with -DINCOMPLETE_TAINTS provides a perl with minimal amounts of changes |
65 | to the tainting behavior. But note that the resulting perl will have |
66 | known insecurities. |
67 | |
68 | Oneliners with the C<-e> switch do not create temporary files anymore. |
69 | |
70 | =head2 Relaxed new mandatory warnings introduced in 5.004 |
71 | |
fe61ab85 |
72 | Many new warnings that were introduced in 5.004 have been made |
429b3afa |
73 | optional. Some of these warnings are still present, but perl's new |
74 | features make them less often a problem. See L<New Diagnostics>. |
75 | |
76 | =head2 Licensing |
77 | |
fe61ab85 |
78 | Perl has a new Social Contract for contributors. See F<Porting/Contract>. |
429b3afa |
79 | |
fe61ab85 |
80 | The license included in much of the Perl documentation has changed. |
81 | [XXX See where?] |
429b3afa |
82 | |
01784f0d |
83 | =head1 Core Changes |
84 | |
01784f0d |
85 | |
429b3afa |
86 | =head2 Threads |
87 | |
88 | WARNING: Threading is considered an experimental feature. Details of the |
89 | implementation may change without notice. There are known limitations |
fe61ab85 |
90 | and and some bugs. |
429b3afa |
91 | |
92 | See L<README.threads>. |
93 | |
94 | =head2 Compiler |
95 | |
96 | WARNING: The Compiler and related tools are considered experimental. |
97 | Features may change without notice, and there are known limitations |
98 | and bugs. |
99 | |
fe61ab85 |
100 | The Compiler produces three different types of transformations of a |
101 | perl program. The C backend generates C code that captures perl's state |
102 | just before execution begins. It eliminates the compile-time overheads |
103 | of the regular perl interpreter, but the run-time performance remains |
104 | comparatively the same. The CC backend generates optimized C code |
105 | equivivalent to the code path at run-time. The CC backend has greater |
106 | potential for big optimizations, but only a few optimizations are |
107 | implemented currently. The Bytecode backend generates a platform |
108 | independent bytecode representation of the interpreter's state |
109 | just before execution. Thus, the Bytecode back end also eliminates |
110 | much of the compilation overhead of the interpreter. |
111 | |
112 | The compiler comes with several valuable utilities. |
113 | |
114 | C<B::Lint> is an experimental module to detect and warn about suspicious |
115 | code, especially the cases that the C<-w> switch does not detect. |
116 | |
117 | C<B::Deparse> can be used to demystify perl code, and understand |
118 | how perl optimizes certain constructs. |
119 | |
120 | C<B::Xref> generates cross reference reports of all definition and use |
121 | of variables, subroutines and formats in a program. |
429b3afa |
122 | |
fe61ab85 |
123 | C<B::Showlex> show the lexical variables used by a subroutine or file |
124 | at a glance. |
125 | |
126 | C<perlcc> is a simple frontend for compiling perl. |
429b3afa |
127 | |
128 | See C<ext/B/README>. |
129 | |
130 | =head2 Regular Expressions |
131 | |
132 | See L<perlre> and L<perlop>. |
133 | |
134 | =head2 Improved malloc() |
135 | |
136 | See banner at the beginning of C<malloc.c> for details. |
137 | |
138 | =head2 Quicksort is internally implemented |
139 | |
140 | See C<perlfunc/sort>. |
141 | |
142 | =head2 Reliable signals |
143 | |
fe61ab85 |
144 | Two kinds. |
145 | |
146 | Via C<Thread::Signal>. |
429b3afa |
147 | |
fe61ab85 |
148 | Via switched runtime op loop. [XXX Not yet available.] |
429b3afa |
149 | |
150 | =head2 Reliable stack pointers |
151 | |
fe61ab85 |
152 | The internals now reallocate the perl stack only at predictable times. |
429b3afa |
153 | In particular, magic calls never trigger reallocations of the stack, |
154 | because all reentrancy of the runtime is handled using a "stack of stacks". |
fe61ab85 |
155 | This should improve reliability of cached stack pointers in the internals |
156 | and in XSUBs. |
429b3afa |
157 | |
407eff0f |
158 | =head2 Behavior of local() on array and hash elements is now well-defined |
429b3afa |
159 | |
407eff0f |
160 | See L<perlsub/"Temporary Values via local()">. |
429b3afa |
161 | |
162 | =head2 C<%!> is transparently tied to the L<Errno> module |
163 | |
fe61ab85 |
164 | See L<perlvar>, and L<Errno>. |
429b3afa |
165 | |
166 | =head2 Pseudo-hashes are supported |
167 | |
168 | See L<perlref>. |
169 | |
170 | =head2 C<EXPR foreach EXPR> is supported |
171 | |
172 | See L<perlsyn>. |
173 | |
429b3afa |
174 | =head2 Keywords can be globally overridden |
175 | |
176 | See L<perlsub>. |
177 | |
178 | =head2 C<$^E> is meaningful on Win32 |
179 | |
180 | See L<perlvar>. |
181 | |
182 | =head2 C<foreach (1..1000000)> optimized |
183 | |
184 | C<foreach (1..1000000)> is now optimized into a counting loop. It does |
185 | not try to allocate a 1000000-size list anymore. |
186 | |
187 | =head2 C<Foo::> can be used as implicitly quoted package name |
188 | |
189 | [XXX See what?] |
190 | |
191 | =head2 C<exists $Foo::{Bar::}> tests existence of a package |
192 | |
193 | [XXX See what?] |
194 | |
195 | =head2 Better locale support |
196 | |
197 | See L<perllocale>. |
198 | |
7ea97eb9 |
199 | =head2 Experimental support for 64-bit platforms |
429b3afa |
200 | |
7ea97eb9 |
201 | Perl5 has always had 64-bit support on systems with 64-bit longs. |
202 | Starting with 5.005, the beginnings of experimental support for systems |
203 | with 32-bit long and 64-bit 'long long' integers has been added. |
204 | If you add -DUSE_LONG_LONG to your ccflags in config.sh (or manually |
205 | define it in perl.h) then perl will be built with 'long long' support. |
206 | There will be many compiler warnings, and the resultant perl may not |
207 | work on all systems. There are many other issues related to |
208 | third-party extensions and libraries. This option exists to allow |
209 | people to work on those issues. |
429b3afa |
210 | |
211 | =head2 prototype() returns useful results on builtins |
212 | |
213 | See L<perlfunc/prototype>. |
214 | |
1a159553 |
215 | =head2 Extended support for exception handling |
216 | |
217 | C<die()> now accepts a reference value, and C<$@> gets set to that |
218 | value in exception traps. This makes it possible to propagate |
219 | exception objects. See L<perlfunc/eval>. [XXX there's nothing |
220 | about this in perlfunc/eval yet.] |
221 | |
429b3afa |
222 | =head2 Re-blessing in DESTROY() supported for chaining DESTROY() methods |
223 | |
224 | See L<perlobj/Destructors>. |
225 | |
226 | =head2 All C<printf> format conversions are handled internally |
227 | |
228 | See L<perlfunc/printf>. |
229 | |
230 | =head2 New C<INIT> keyword |
231 | |
fe61ab85 |
232 | C<INIT> subs are like C<BEGIN> and C<END>, but they get run just before |
233 | the perl runtime begins execution. e.g., the Perl Compiler makes use of |
234 | C<INIT> blocks to initialize and resolve pointers to XSUBs. |
429b3afa |
235 | |
236 | [XXX Needs to be documented in perlsub or perlmod.] |
237 | |
238 | =head2 New C<lock> keyword |
239 | |
fe61ab85 |
240 | The C<lock> keyword is the fundamental synchronization primitive |
241 | in threaded perl. When threads are not enabled, it is currently a noop. |
242 | |
429b3afa |
243 | To minimize impact on source compatibility this keyword is "weak", i.e., any |
244 | user-defined subroutine of the same name overrides it, unless a C<use Thread> |
245 | has been seen. |
246 | |
fe61ab85 |
247 | =head2 New C<qr//> operator |
248 | |
249 | The C<qr//> operator, which is syntactically similar to the other quote-like |
0a92e3a8 |
250 | operators, is used to create precompiled regular expressions. This compiled |
fe61ab85 |
251 | form can now be explicitly passed around in variables, and interpolated in |
0a92e3a8 |
252 | other regular expressions. See L<perlop>. |
fe61ab85 |
253 | |
254 | =head2 C<our> is now a reserved word |
255 | |
429b3afa |
256 | =head2 Tied arrays are now fully supported |
257 | |
258 | See L<Tie::Array>. |
259 | |
260 | =head2 Tied handles support is better |
261 | |
262 | Several missing hooks have been added. There is also a new base class for |
263 | TIEARRAY implementations. See L<Tie::Array>. |
264 | |
6bb4e6d4 |
265 | =head2 4th argument to substr |
266 | |
267 | substr() can now both return and replace in one operation. The optional |
268 | 4th argument is the replacement string. See L<perlfunc/substr>. |
269 | |
270 | =head2 Negative LENGTH argument to splice |
271 | |
272 | Splice() with a negative LENGTH argument now work similar to what the |
273 | LENGTH did for substr(). Previously a negative LENGTH was treated as |
274 | 0. See L<perlfunc/splice>. |
275 | |
407eff0f |
276 | =head2 Magic lvalues are now more magical |
277 | |
278 | When you say something like C<substr($x, 5) = "hi">, the scalar returned |
279 | by substr() is special, in that any modifications to it affect $x. |
280 | (This is called a 'magic lvalue' because an 'lvalue' is something on |
281 | the left side of an assignment.) Normally, this is exactly what you |
282 | would expect to happen, but Perl uses the same magic if you use substr(), |
283 | pos(), or vec() in a context where they might be modified, like taking |
284 | a reference with C<\> or as an argument to a sub that modifies C<@_>. |
285 | In previous versions, this 'magic' only went one way, but now changes |
286 | to the scalar the magic refers to ($x in the above example) affect the |
287 | magic lvalue too. For instance, this code now acts differently: |
288 | |
289 | $x = "hello"; |
290 | sub printit { |
291 | $x = "g'bye"; |
292 | print $_[0], "\n"; |
293 | } |
294 | printit(substr($x, 0, 5)); |
295 | |
296 | In previous versions, this would print "hello", but it now prints "g'bye". |
297 | |
429b3afa |
298 | |
299 | =head1 Supported Platforms |
300 | |
301 | Configure has many incremental improvements. Site-wide policy for building |
fe61ab85 |
302 | perl can now be made persistent, via Policy.sh. Configure also records |
7ea97eb9 |
303 | the command-line arguments used in F<config.sh>. |
429b3afa |
304 | |
305 | =head2 New Platforms |
306 | |
307 | BeOS is now supported. See L<README.beos>. |
308 | |
309 | DOS is now supported under the DJGPP tools. See L<README.dos>. |
310 | |
1d84e8df |
311 | MPE/iX is now supported. See L<README.mpeix>. |
312 | |
429b3afa |
313 | =head2 Changes in existing support |
314 | |
315 | Win32 support has been vastly enhanced. Support for Perl Object, a C++ |
316 | encapsulation of Perl. GCC and EGCS are now supported on Win32. |
317 | [XXX Perl Object needs a big explanation elsewhere, and a pointer to |
318 | that location here.] |
319 | |
320 | VMS configuration system has been rewritten. See L<README.vms>. |
321 | |
322 | OpenBSD better supported. [XXX what others?] |
323 | |
324 | =head1 Modules and Pragmata |
325 | |
326 | =head2 New Modules |
327 | |
328 | =over |
329 | |
330 | =item B |
331 | |
332 | Perl compiler and tools. See [XXX what?]. |
333 | |
334 | =item Data::Dumper |
335 | |
336 | A module to pretty print Perl data. See L<Data::Dumper>. |
337 | |
338 | =item Errno |
339 | |
340 | A module to look up errors more conveniently. See L<Errno>. |
341 | |
342 | =item File::Spec |
343 | |
344 | A portable API for file operations. |
345 | |
346 | =item ExtUtils::Installed |
347 | |
348 | Query and manage installed modules. |
349 | |
350 | =item ExtUtils::Packlist |
351 | |
352 | Manipulate .packlist files. |
353 | |
354 | =item Fatal |
355 | |
356 | Make functions/builtins succeed or die. |
357 | |
358 | =item IPC::SysV |
359 | |
360 | Constants and other support infrastructure for System V IPC operations |
361 | in perl. |
362 | |
363 | =item Test |
364 | |
365 | A framework for writing testsuites. |
01784f0d |
366 | |
429b3afa |
367 | =item Tie::Array |
368 | |
369 | Base class for tied arrays. |
370 | |
371 | =item Tie::Handle |
372 | |
373 | Base class for tied handles. |
374 | |
375 | =item Thread |
376 | |
377 | Perl thread creation, manipulation, and support. |
378 | |
379 | =item attrs |
380 | |
381 | Set subroutine attributes. |
382 | |
383 | =item fields |
384 | |
385 | Compile-time class fields. |
386 | |
387 | =item re |
388 | |
389 | Various pragmata to control behavior of regular expressions. |
390 | |
391 | =back |
392 | |
393 | =head2 Changes in existing modules |
394 | |
395 | =over |
396 | |
397 | =item CGI |
398 | |
399 | CGI has been updated to version 2.42. |
400 | |
401 | =item POSIX |
402 | |
403 | POSIX now has its own platform-specific hints files. |
404 | |
405 | =item DB_File |
406 | |
407 | DB_File supports version 2.x of Berkeley DB. See C<ext/DB_File/Changes>. |
408 | |
409 | =item MakeMaker |
410 | |
411 | MakeMaker now supports writing empty makefiles, provides a way to |
412 | specify that site umask() policy should be honored. There is also |
413 | better support for manipulation of .packlist files, and getting |
414 | information about installed modules. |
415 | |
7ea97eb9 |
416 | Extensions that have both architecture-dependent and |
417 | architecture-independent files are now always installed completely in |
418 | the architecture-dependent locations. Previously, the shareable parts |
419 | were shared both across architectures and across perl versions and were |
420 | therefore liable to be overwritten with newer versions that might have |
421 | subtle incompatibilities. |
422 | |
429b3afa |
423 | =item CPAN |
424 | |
425 | [XXX What?] |
426 | |
427 | =item Cwd |
428 | |
429 | Cwd::cwd is faster on most platforms. |
430 | |
431 | =item Benchmark |
432 | |
433 | Keeps better time. |
434 | |
435 | =back |
01784f0d |
436 | |
437 | =head1 Utility Changes |
438 | |
429b3afa |
439 | h2ph and related utilities have been vastly overhauled. |
440 | |
441 | perlcc, a new experimental front end for the compiler is available. |
442 | |
7ea97eb9 |
443 | The crude GNU configure emulator is now called configure.gnu. |
444 | |
429b3afa |
445 | =head1 API Changes |
446 | |
447 | =head2 Incompatible Changes |
448 | |
449 | =head2 Deprecations, Extensions |
450 | |
451 | =head2 C++ Support |
01784f0d |
452 | |
453 | =head1 Documentation Changes |
454 | |
429b3afa |
455 | Config.pm now has a glossary of variables. |
456 | |
457 | Porting/patching.pod has detailed instructions on how to create and |
458 | submit patches for perl. |
459 | |
460 | =head1 New Diagnostics |
461 | |
462 | =over |
463 | |
464 | =item Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use & |
465 | |
466 | (W) A subroutine you have declared has the same name as a Perl keyword, |
467 | and you have used the name without qualification for calling one or the |
468 | other. Perl decided to call the builtin because the subroutine is |
469 | not imported. |
470 | |
471 | To force interpretation as a subroutine call, either put an ampersand |
472 | before the subroutine name, or qualify the name with its package. |
473 | Alternatively, you can import the subroutine (or pretend that it's |
474 | imported with the C<use subs> pragma). |
475 | |
476 | To silently interpret it as the Perl operator, use the C<CORE::> prefix |
477 | on the operator (e.g. C<CORE::log($x)>) or by declaring the subroutine |
478 | to be an object method (see L<attrs>). |
479 | |
480 | =item Bad index while coercing array into hash |
481 | |
482 | (F) The index looked up in the hash found as the 0'th element of a |
483 | pseudo-hash is not legal. Index values must be at 1 or greater. |
484 | See L<perlref>. |
485 | |
486 | =item Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package |
487 | |
488 | (W) You used a qualified bareword of the form C<Foo::>, but |
489 | the compiler saw no other uses of that namespace before that point. |
490 | Perhaps you need to predeclare a package? |
491 | |
492 | =item Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value |
493 | |
494 | (F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by the |
495 | object reference or package name contains an undefined value. |
496 | Something like this will reproduce the error: |
497 | |
498 | $BADREF = 42; |
499 | process $BADREF 1,2,3; |
500 | $BADREF->process(1,2,3); |
501 | |
502 | =item Can't coerce array into hash |
503 | |
504 | (F) You used an array where a hash was expected, but the array has no |
505 | information on how to map from keys to array indices. You can do that |
506 | only with arrays that have a hash reference at index 0. |
507 | |
508 | =item Can't goto subroutine from an eval-string |
509 | |
510 | (F) The "goto subroutine" call can't be used to jump out of an eval "string". |
511 | (You can use it to jump out of an eval {BLOCK}, but you probably don't want to.) |
512 | |
0ebe0038 |
513 | =item Can't localize pseudo-hash element |
514 | |
515 | (F) You said something like C<local $ar-E<gt>{'key'}>, where $ar is |
516 | a reference to a pseudo-hash. That hasn't been implemented yet, but |
517 | you can get a similar effect by localizing the corresponding array |
518 | element directly -- C<local $ar-E<gt>[$ar-E<gt>[0]{'key'}]>. |
519 | |
429b3afa |
520 | =item Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available |
521 | |
522 | (F) The first time the %! hash is used, perl automatically loads the |
523 | Errno.pm module. The Errno module is expected to tie the %! hash to |
524 | provide symbolic names for C<$!> errno values. |
525 | |
429b3afa |
526 | =item Cannot find an opnumber for "%s" |
527 | |
528 | (F) A string of a form C<CORE::word> was given to prototype(), but |
529 | there is no builtin with the name C<word>. |
530 | |
531 | =item Character class syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions |
532 | |
533 | (W) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax beginning |
534 | with "[." and ending with ".]" is reserved for future extensions. |
535 | If you need to represent those character sequences inside a regular |
536 | expression character class, just quote the square brackets with the |
537 | backslash: "\[." and ".\]". |
538 | |
539 | =item Character class syntax [: :] is reserved for future extensions |
540 | |
541 | (W) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax beginning |
542 | with "[:" and ending with ":]" is reserved for future extensions. |
543 | If you need to represent those character sequences inside a regular |
544 | expression character class, just quote the square brackets with the |
545 | backslash: "\[:" and ":\]". |
546 | |
547 | =item Character class syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions |
548 | |
549 | (W) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax |
550 | beginning with "[=" and ending with "=]" is reserved for future extensions. |
551 | If you need to represent those character sequences inside a regular |
552 | expression character class, just quote the square brackets with the |
553 | backslash: "\[=" and "=\]". |
554 | |
555 | =item %s: Eval-group in insecure regular expression |
556 | |
557 | (F) Perl detected tainted data when trying to compile a regular expression |
558 | that contains the C<(?{ ... })> zero-width assertion, which is unsafe. |
559 | See L<perlre/(?{ code })>, and L<perlsec>. |
560 | |
561 | =item %s: Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval' |
562 | |
563 | (F) A regular expression contained the C<(?{ ... })> zero-width assertion, |
564 | but that construct is only allowed when the C<use re 'eval'> pragma is |
565 | in effect. See L<perlre/(?{ code })>. |
566 | |
567 | =item %s: Eval-group not allowed at run time |
568 | |
569 | (F) Perl tried to compile a regular expression containing the C<(?{ ... })> |
570 | zero-width assertion at run time, as it would when the pattern contains |
571 | interpolated values. Since that is a security risk, it is not allowed. |
572 | If you insist, you may still do this by explicitly building the pattern |
573 | from an interpolated string at run time and using that in an eval(). |
574 | See L<perlre/(?{ code })>. |
575 | |
576 | =item Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main) |
577 | |
578 | (W) You are blessing a reference to a zero length string. This has |
579 | the effect of blessing the reference into the package main. This is |
580 | usually not what you want. Consider providing a default target |
581 | package, e.g. bless($ref, $p or 'MyPackage'); |
582 | |
583 | =item Illegal hex digit ignored |
584 | |
585 | (W) You may have tried to use a character other than 0 - 9 or A - F in a |
586 | hexadecimal number. Interpretation of the hexadecimal number stopped |
587 | before the illegal character. |
588 | |
589 | =item No such array field |
590 | |
591 | (F) You tried to access an array as a hash, but the field name used is |
592 | not defined. The hash at index 0 should map all valid field names to |
593 | array indices for that to work. |
594 | |
595 | =item No such field "%s" in variable %s of type %s |
596 | |
597 | (F) You tried to access a field of a typed variable where the type |
598 | does not know about the field name. The field names are looked up in |
599 | the %FIELDS hash in the type package at compile time. The %FIELDS hash |
600 | is usually set up with the 'fields' pragma. |
601 | |
602 | =item Out of memory during ridiculously large request |
603 | |
604 | (F) You can't allocate more than 2^31+"small amount" bytes. This error |
605 | is most likely to be caused by a typo in the Perl program. e.g., C<$arr[time]> |
606 | instead of C<$arr[$time]>. |
607 | |
608 | =item Range iterator outside integer range |
609 | |
610 | (F) One (or both) of the numeric arguments to the range operator ".." |
611 | are outside the range which can be represented by integers internally. |
612 | One possible workaround is to force Perl to use magical string |
613 | increment by prepending "0" to your numbers. |
614 | |
615 | =item Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s' |
616 | |
617 | (F) More than 100 levels of inheritance were encountered while invoking a |
618 | method. Probably indicates an unintended loop in your inheritance hierarchy. |
619 | |
620 | =item Reference found where even-sized list expected |
621 | |
622 | (W) You gave a single reference where Perl was expecting a list with |
623 | an even number of elements (for assignment to a hash). This |
624 | usually means that you used the anon hash constructor when you meant |
625 | to use parens. In any case, a hash requires key/value B<pairs>. |
626 | |
627 | %hash = { one => 1, two => 2, }; # WRONG |
628 | %hash = [ qw/ an anon array / ]; # WRONG |
629 | %hash = ( one => 1, two => 2, ); # right |
630 | %hash = qw( one 1 two 2 ); # also fine |
631 | |
632 | =item Undefined value assigned to typeglob |
633 | |
634 | (W) An undefined value was assigned to a typeglob, a la C<*foo = undef>. |
635 | This does nothing. It's possible that you really mean C<undef *foo>. |
636 | |
637 | =item Use of reserved word "%s" is deprecated |
638 | |
639 | (D) The indicated bareword is a reserved word. Future versions of perl |
640 | may use it as a keyword, so you're better off either explicitly quoting |
641 | the word in a manner appropriate for its context of use, or using a |
642 | different name altogether. The warning can be suppressed for subroutine |
643 | names by either adding a C<&> prefix, or using a package qualifier, |
644 | e.g. C<&our()>, or C<Foo::our()>. |
645 | |
646 | =item perl: warning: Setting locale failed. |
647 | |
648 | (S) The whole warning message will look something like: |
649 | |
650 | perl: warning: Setting locale failed. |
651 | perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings: |
652 | LC_ALL = "En_US", |
653 | LANG = (unset) |
654 | are supported and installed on your system. |
655 | perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C"). |
656 | |
657 | Exactly what were the failed locale settings varies. In the above the |
658 | settings were that the LC_ALL was "En_US" and the LANG had no value. |
659 | This error means that Perl detected that you and/or your system |
660 | administrator have set up the so-called variable system but Perl could |
661 | not use those settings. This was not dead serious, fortunately: there |
662 | is a "default locale" called "C" that Perl can and will use, the |
663 | script will be run. Before you really fix the problem, however, you |
664 | will get the same error message each time you run Perl. How to really |
665 | fix the problem can be found in L<perllocale> section B<LOCALE PROBLEMS>. |
666 | |
667 | =back |
668 | |
669 | |
670 | =head1 Obsolete Diagnostics |
671 | |
672 | =over |
6cc33c6d |
673 | |
429b3afa |
674 | =item Can't mktemp() |
675 | |
676 | (F) The mktemp() routine failed for some reason while trying to process |
677 | a B<-e> switch. Maybe your /tmp partition is full, or clobbered. |
678 | |
679 | =item Can't write to temp file for B<-e>: %s |
680 | |
681 | (F) The write routine failed for some reason while trying to process |
682 | a B<-e> switch. Maybe your /tmp partition is full, or clobbered. |
683 | |
684 | =item Cannot open temporary file |
685 | |
686 | (F) The create routine failed for some reason while trying to process |
687 | a B<-e> switch. Maybe your /tmp partition is full, or clobbered. |
688 | |
689 | |
690 | =back |
691 | |
01784f0d |
692 | =head1 BUGS |
693 | |
694 | If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the headers of |
695 | recently posted articles in the comp.lang.perl.misc newsgroup. |
696 | There may also be information at http://www.perl.com/perl/, the Perl |
697 | Home Page. |
698 | |
699 | If you believe you have an unreported bug, please run the B<perlbug> |
700 | program included with your release. Make sure you trim your bug down |
701 | to a tiny but sufficient test case. Your bug report, along with the |
702 | output of C<perl -V>, will be sent off to <F<perlbug@perl.com>> to be |
703 | analysed by the Perl porting team. |
704 | |
705 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
706 | |
707 | The F<Changes> file for exhaustive details on what changed. |
708 | |
709 | The F<INSTALL> file for how to build Perl. |
710 | |
711 | The F<README> file for general stuff. |
712 | |
713 | The F<Artistic> and F<Copying> files for copyright information. |
714 | |
715 | =head1 HISTORY |
429b3afa |
716 | |
717 | =cut |