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1 | =head1 NAME |
2 | |
3 | perl5120delta - what is new for perl v5.12.0 |
4 | |
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5 | =head1 XXX - THIS DOCUMENT IS ONLY CURRENT THROUGH PERL5114 |
6 | |
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7 | FIX ME BEFORE RELEASE |
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8 | |
9 | OTHER ISSUES: |
10 | |
11 | UPDATED MODULE LIST NEEDS TO BE GENERATED |
12 | ORDERING NEEDS CHECKING |
13 | HEAVY COPYEDITING IS NEEDED |
14 | |
15 | |
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16 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
17 | |
18 | This document describes differences between the 5.10.0 release and |
19 | the 5.12.0 release. |
20 | |
21 | Many of the bug fixes in 5.12.0 were already seen in the 5.10.1 |
22 | maintenance release since the two releases were kept closely |
23 | coordinated (while 5.12.0 was still called 5.11.something). |
24 | |
25 | You can see the list of changes in the 5.10.1 release |
26 | by reading L<perl5101delta>. |
27 | |
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28 | =head1 Core Enhancements |
29 | |
30 | =head2 qr overloading |
31 | |
32 | It is now possible to overload the C<qr//> operator, that is, |
33 | conversion to regexp, like it was already possible to overload |
34 | conversion to boolean, string or number of objects. It is invoked when |
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35 | an object appears on the right hand side of the C<=~> operator or when |
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36 | it is interpolated into a regexp. See L<overload>. |
37 | |
38 | =head2 Pluggable keywords |
39 | |
40 | Extension modules can now cleanly hook into the Perl parser to define |
41 | new kinds of keyword-headed expression and compound statement. The |
42 | syntax following the keyword is defined entirely by the extension. This |
43 | allow a completely non-Perl sublanguage to be parsed inline, with the |
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44 | correct ops cleanly generated. This feature is currently considered |
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45 | experimental. |
46 | |
47 | See L<perlapi/PL_keyword_plugin> for the mechanism. The Perl core |
48 | source distribution also includes a new module |
49 | L<XS::APItest::KeywordRPN>, which implements reverse Polish notation |
50 | arithmetic via pluggable keywords. This module is mainly used for test |
51 | purposes, and is not normally installed, but also serves as an example |
52 | of how to use the new mechanism. |
53 | |
54 | =head2 APIs for more internals |
55 | |
56 | The lowest layers of the lexer and parts of the pad system now have C |
57 | APIs available to XS extensions. These are necessary to support proper |
58 | use of pluggable keywords, but have other uses too. The new APIs are |
59 | experimental, and only cover a small proportion of what would be |
60 | necessary to take full advantage of the core's facilities in these |
61 | areas. It is intended that the Perl 5.13 development cycle will see the |
62 | addition of a full range of clean, supported interfaces. |
63 | |
64 | =head2 Overridable function lookup |
65 | |
66 | Where an extension module hooks the creation of rv2cv ops to modify the |
67 | subroutine lookup process, this now works correctly for bareword |
68 | subroutine calls. This means that prototypes on subroutines referenced |
69 | this way will be processed correctly. (Previously bareword subroutine |
70 | names were initially looked up, for parsing purposes, by an unhookable |
71 | mechanism, so extensions could only properly influence subroutine names |
72 | that appeared with an C<&> sigil.) |
73 | |
74 | =head2 Unicode version |
75 | |
76 | Perl is shipped with the latest Unicode version, 5.2, dated October 2009. See |
77 | L<http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.2.0> for details about this release |
78 | of Unicode. See L<perlunicode> for instructions on installing and using |
79 | older versions of Unicode. |
80 | |
81 | =head2 Unicode properties |
82 | |
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83 | A concerted effort has been made to update Perl to be in sync with the latest |
84 | Unicode standard. Changes for this include: |
85 | |
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86 | Perl can now handle every Unicode character property. A new pod, |
87 | L<perluniprops>, lists all available non-Unihan character properties. By |
88 | default the Unihan properties and certain others (deprecated and Unicode |
89 | internal-only ones) are not exposed. See below for more details on |
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90 | these; there is also a section in the pod listing them, and explaining |
91 | why they are not exposed. |
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92 | |
93 | Perl now fully supports the Unicode compound-style of using C<=> and C<:> |
94 | in writing regular expressions: C<\p{property=value}> and |
95 | C<\p{property:value}> (both of which mean the same thing). |
96 | |
97 | Perl now fully supports the Unicode loose matching rules for text |
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98 | between the braces in C<\p{...}> constructs. In addition, Perl allows |
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99 | underscores between digits of numbers. |
100 | |
101 | All the Unicode-defined synonyms for properties and property values are |
102 | now accepted. |
103 | |
104 | C<qr/\X/>, which matches a Unicode logical character, has been expanded to work |
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105 | better with various Asian languages. It now is defined as an I<extended |
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106 | grapheme cluster>. (See L<http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr29/>). |
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107 | Anything matched previously and that made sense will continue to be |
108 | matched, but in addition: |
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109 | |
110 | =over |
111 | |
112 | =item * |
113 | |
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114 | C<\X> will not break apart a C<S<CR LF>> sequence. |
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115 | |
116 | =item * |
117 | |
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118 | C<\X> will now match a sequence which includes the C<ZWJ> and C<ZWNJ> characters. |
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119 | |
120 | =item * |
121 | |
122 | C<\X> will now always match at least one character, including an initial mark. |
123 | Marks generally come after a base character, but it is possible in Unicode to |
124 | have them in isolation, and C<\X> will now handle that case, for example at the |
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125 | beginning of a line, or after a C<ZWSP>. And this is the part where C<\X> |
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126 | doesn't match the things that it used to that don't make sense. Formerly, for |
127 | example, you could have the nonsensical case of an accented LF. |
128 | |
129 | =item * |
130 | |
131 | C<\X> will now match a (Korean) Hangul syllable sequence, and the Thai and Lao |
132 | exception cases. |
133 | |
134 | =back |
135 | |
136 | Otherwise, this change should be transparent for the non-affected languages. |
137 | |
138 | C<\p{...}> matches using the Canonical_Combining_Class property were |
139 | completely broken in previous Perls. This is now fixed. |
140 | |
141 | In previous Perls, the Unicode C<Decomposition_Type=Compat> property and a |
142 | Perl extension had the same name, which led to neither matching all the |
143 | correct values (with more than 100 mistakes in one, and several thousand |
144 | in the other). The Perl extension has now been renamed to be |
145 | C<Decomposition_Type=Noncanonical> (short: C<dt=noncanon>). It has the same |
146 | meaning as was previously intended, namely the union of all the |
147 | non-canonical Decomposition types, with Unicode C<Compat> being just one of |
148 | those. |
149 | |
150 | C<\p{Uppercase}> and C<\p{Lowercase}> have been brought into line with the |
151 | Unicode definitions. This means they each match a few more characters |
152 | than previously. |
153 | |
154 | C<\p{Cntrl}> now matches the same characters as C<\p{Control}>. This means it |
155 | no longer will match Private Use (gc=co), Surrogates (gc=cs), nor Format |
156 | (gc=cf) code points. The Format code points represent the biggest |
157 | possible problem. All but 36 of them are either officially deprecated |
158 | or strongly discouraged from being used. Of those 36, likely the most |
159 | widely used are the soft hyphen (U+00AD), and BOM, ZWSP, ZWNJ, WJ, and |
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160 | similar characters, plus bidirectional controls. |
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161 | |
162 | C<\p{Alpha}> now matches the same characters as C<\p{Alphabetic}>. The Perl |
163 | definition included a number of things that aren't really alpha (all |
164 | marks), while omitting many that were. As a direct consequence, the |
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165 | definitions of C<\p{Alnum}> and C<\p{Word}> which depend on Alpha also change |
166 | correspondingly. |
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167 | |
168 | C<\p{Word}> also now doesn't match certain characters it wasn't supposed |
169 | to, such as fractions. |
170 | |
171 | C<\p{Print}> no longer matches the line control characters: Tab, LF, CR, |
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172 | FF, VT, and NEL. This brings it in line with standards and the documentation. |
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173 | |
174 | C<\p{Decomposition_Type=Canonical}> now includes the Hangul syllables. |
175 | |
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176 | C<\p{XDigit}> now matches the same characters as C<\p{Hex_Digit}>. This |
177 | means that in addition to the characters it currently matches, |
178 | C<[A-Fa-f0-9]>, it will also match the 22 fullwidth equivalents, for |
179 | example U+FF10: FULLWIDTH DIGIT ZERO. |
180 | |
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181 | The Numeric type property has been extended to include the Unihan |
182 | characters. |
183 | |
184 | There is a new Perl extension, the 'Present_In', or simply 'In', |
185 | property. This is an extension of the Unicode Age property, but |
186 | C<\p{In=5.0}> matches any code point whose usage has been determined |
187 | I<as of> Unicode version 5.0. The C<\p{Age=5.0}> only matches code points |
188 | added in I<precisely> version 5.0. |
189 | |
190 | A number of properties did not have the correct values for unassigned |
191 | code points. This is now fixed. The affected properties are |
192 | Bidi_Class, East_Asian_Width, Joining_Type, Decomposition_Type, |
193 | Hangul_Syllable_Type, Numeric_Type, and Line_Break. |
194 | |
195 | The Default_Ignorable_Code_Point, ID_Continue, and ID_Start properties |
196 | have been updated to their current Unicode definitions. |
197 | |
198 | Certain properties that are supposed to be Unicode internal-only were |
199 | erroneously exposed by previous Perls. Use of these in regular |
200 | expressions will now generate, if enabled, a deprecated warning message. |
201 | The properties are: Other_Alphabetic, Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point, |
202 | Other_Grapheme_Extend, Other_ID_Continue, Other_ID_Start, Other_Lowercase, |
203 | Other_Math, and Other_Uppercase. |
204 | |
205 | An installation can now fairly easily change which Unicode properties |
206 | Perl understands. As mentioned above, certain properties are by default |
207 | turned off. These include all the Unihan properties (which should be |
208 | accessible via the CPAN module Unicode::Unihan) and any deprecated or |
209 | Unicode internal-only property that Perl has never exposed. |
210 | |
211 | The generated files in the C<lib/unicore/To> directory are now more |
212 | clearly marked as being stable, directly usable by applications. |
213 | New hash entries in them give the format of the normal entries, |
214 | which allows for easier machine parsing. Perl can generate files |
215 | in this directory for any property, though most are suppressed. An |
216 | installation can choose to change which get written. Instructions |
217 | are in L<perluniprops>. |
218 | |
219 | =head2 Regular Expressions |
220 | |
221 | U+0FFFF is now a legal character in regular expressions. |
222 | |
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223 | =head2 A proper interface for pluggable Method Resolution Orders |
224 | |
225 | As of Perl 5.11.0 there is a new interface for plugging and using method |
226 | resolution orders other than the default (linear depth first search). |
227 | The C3 method resolution order added in 5.10.0 has been re-implemented as |
228 | a plugin, without changing its Perl-space interface. See L<perlmroapi> for |
229 | more information. |
230 | |
231 | =head2 The C<overloading> pragma |
232 | |
233 | This pragma allows you to lexically disable or enable overloading |
234 | for some or all operations. (Yuval Kogman) |
235 | |
236 | =head2 C<\N> regex escape |
237 | |
238 | A new regex escape has been added, C<\N>. It will match any character that |
239 | is not a newline, independently from the presence or absence of the single |
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240 | line match modifier C</s>. It is not usable within a character class. |
241 | (If C<\N> is followed by an opening brace and |
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242 | by a letter, perl will still assume that a Unicode character name is |
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243 | coming, so compatibility is preserved.) (Rafael Garcia-Suarez). |
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244 | |
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245 | This will break a L<custom charnames translator|charnames/CUSTOM TRANSLATORS> |
246 | which allows numbers for character names, as C<\N{3}> will now mean to match 3 |
247 | non-newline characters, and not the character whose name is C<3>. (No standard |
248 | name is a number, so only a custom translator would be affected.) |
249 | |
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250 | =head2 Implicit strictures |
251 | |
252 | Using the C<use VERSION> syntax with a version number greater or equal |
253 | to 5.11.0 will also lexically enable strictures just like C<use strict> |
254 | would do (in addition to enabling features.) So, the following: |
255 | |
256 | use 5.11.0; |
257 | |
258 | will now imply: |
259 | |
260 | use strict; |
261 | use feature ':5.11'; |
262 | |
263 | =head2 Parallel tests |
264 | |
265 | The core distribution can now run its regression tests in parallel on |
266 | Unix-like platforms. Instead of running C<make test>, set C<TEST_JOBS> in |
267 | your environment to the number of tests to run in parallel, and run |
268 | C<make test_harness>. On a Bourne-like shell, this can be done as |
269 | |
270 | TEST_JOBS=3 make test_harness # Run 3 tests in parallel |
271 | |
272 | An environment variable is used, rather than parallel make itself, because |
273 | L<TAP::Harness> needs to be able to schedule individual non-conflicting test |
274 | scripts itself, and there is no standard interface to C<make> utilities to |
275 | interact with their job schedulers. |
276 | |
277 | Note that currently some test scripts may fail when run in parallel (most |
278 | notably C<ext/IO/t/io_dir.t>). If necessary run just the failing scripts |
279 | again sequentially and see if the failures go away. |
280 | |
281 | =head2 The C<...> operator |
282 | |
283 | A new operator, C<...>, nicknamed the Yada Yada operator, has been added. |
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284 | It is intended to mark placeholder code that is not yet implemented. |
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285 | See L<perlop/"Yada Yada Operator">. (chromatic) |
286 | |
287 | =head2 DTrace support |
288 | |
289 | Some support for DTrace has been added. See "DTrace support" in F<INSTALL>. |
290 | |
291 | =head2 Support for C<configure_requires> in CPAN module metadata |
292 | |
293 | Both C<CPAN> and C<CPANPLUS> now support the C<configure_requires> keyword |
294 | in the F<META.yml> metadata file included in most recent CPAN distributions. |
295 | This allows distribution authors to specify configuration prerequisites that |
296 | must be installed before running F<Makefile.PL> or F<Build.PL>. |
297 | |
298 | See the documentation for C<ExtUtils::MakeMaker> or C<Module::Build> for more |
299 | on how to specify C<configure_requires> when creating a distribution for CPAN. |
300 | |
301 | =head2 C<each> is now more flexible |
302 | |
303 | The C<each> function can now operate on arrays. |
304 | |
305 | =head2 Y2038 compliance |
306 | |
307 | Perl's core time-related functions are now Y2038 compliant. (With 29 |
308 | years to spare!) |
309 | |
310 | =head2 C<$,> flexibility |
311 | |
312 | The variable C<$,> may now be tied. |
313 | |
314 | =head2 // in where clauses |
315 | |
316 | // now behaves like || in when clauses |
317 | |
318 | =head2 Enabling warnings from your shell environment |
319 | |
320 | You can now set C<-W> from the C<PERL5OPT> environment variable |
321 | |
322 | =head2 C<delete local> |
323 | |
324 | C<delete local> now allows you to locally delete a hash entry. |
325 | |
326 | =head2 New support for Abstract namespace sockets |
327 | |
328 | Abstract namespace sockets are Linux-specific socket type that live in |
329 | AF_UNIX family, slightly abusing it to be able to use arbitrary |
330 | character arrays as addresses: They start with nul byte and are not |
331 | terminated by nul byte, but with the length passed to the socket() |
332 | system call. |
333 | |
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334 | =head2 New C<package NAME VERSION> syntax |
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335 | |
336 | This new syntax allows a module author to set the $VERSION of a namespace |
337 | when the namespace is declared with 'package'. It eliminates the need |
338 | for C<our $VERSION = ...> and similar constructs. E.g. |
339 | |
340 | package Foo::Bar 1.23; |
341 | # $Foo::Bar::VERSION == 1.23 |
342 | |
343 | There are several advantages to this: |
344 | |
345 | =over |
346 | |
347 | =item * |
348 | |
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349 | C<$VERSION> is parsed in exactly the same way as C<use NAME VERSION> |
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350 | |
351 | =item * |
352 | |
353 | C<$VERSION> is set at compile time |
354 | |
355 | =item * |
356 | |
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357 | C<$VERSION> is a version object that provides proper overloading of |
358 | comparision operators so comparing C<$VERSION> to decimal (1.23) or |
359 | dotted-decimal (v1.2.3) version numbers works correctly. |
360 | |
361 | =item * |
362 | |
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363 | Eliminates C<$VERSION = ...> and C<eval $VERSION> clutter |
364 | |
365 | =item * |
366 | |
367 | As it requires VERSION to be a numeric literal or v-string |
368 | literal, it can be statically parsed by toolchain modules |
369 | without C<eval> the way MM-E<gt>parse_version does for C<$VERSION = ...> |
370 | |
371 | =item * |
372 | |
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373 | It does not break old code with only C<package NAME>, but code that uses |
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374 | C<package NAME VERSION> will need to be restricted to perl 5.12.0 or newer |
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375 | This is analogous to the change to C<open> from two-args to three-args. |
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376 | Users requiring the latest Perl will benefit, and perhaps after several |
377 | years, it will become a standard practice. |
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378 | |
379 | =back |
380 | |
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381 | However, C<package NAME VERSION> requires a new, 'strict' version |
382 | number format. See L<"Version number formats"> for details. |
383 | |
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384 | =head1 Incompatible Changes |
385 | |
386 | =head2 Version number formats |
387 | |
388 | Acceptable version number formats have been formalized into "strict" and |
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389 | "lax" rules. C<package NAME VERSION> takes a strict version number. |
390 | C<UNIVERSAL::VERSION> and the L<version> object constructors take lax |
391 | version numbers. Providing an invalid version will result in a fatal |
392 | error. The version argument in C<use NAME VERSION> is first parsed as a |
393 | numeric literal or v-string and then passed to C<UNIVERSAL::VERSION> |
394 | (and must then pass the "lax" format test). |
395 | |
396 | These formats are documented fully in the L<version> module. To a first |
397 | approximation, a "strict" version number is a positive decimal number |
398 | (integer or decimal-fraction) without exponentiation or else a |
399 | dotted-decimal v-string with a leading 'v' character and at least three |
400 | components. A "lax" version number allows v-strings with fewer than |
401 | three components or without a leading 'v'. Under "lax" rules, both |
402 | decimal and dotted-decimal versions may have a trailing "alpha" |
403 | component separated by an underscore character after a fractional or |
404 | dotted-decimal component. |
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405 | |
406 | The L<version> module adds C<version::is_strict> and C<version::is_lax> |
407 | functions to check a scalar against these rules. |
408 | |
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409 | =head2 @INC reorganization |
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410 | |
411 | In @INC, ARCHLIB and PRIVLIB now occur after after the current version's |
412 | site_perl and vendor_perl. |
413 | |
414 | =head2 Switch statement changes |
415 | |
416 | The handling of complex expressions by the C<given>/C<when> switch |
417 | statement has been enhanced. These enhancements are also available in |
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418 | 5.10.1 and subsequent 5.10 releases. There are two new cases where |
419 | C<when> now interprets its argument as a boolean, instead of an |
420 | expression to be used in a smart match: |
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421 | |
422 | =head2 flip-flop operators |
423 | |
424 | The C<..> and C<...> flip-flop operators are now evaluated in boolean |
425 | context, following their usual semantics; see L<perlop/"Range Operators">. |
426 | |
427 | Note that, as in perl 5.10.0, C<when (1..10)> will not work to test |
428 | whether a given value is an integer between 1 and 10; you should use |
429 | C<when ([1..10])> instead (note the array reference). |
430 | |
431 | However, contrary to 5.10.0, evaluating the flip-flop operators in boolean |
432 | context ensures it can now be useful in a C<when()>, notably for |
433 | implementing bistable conditions, like in: |
434 | |
435 | when (/^=begin/ .. /^=end/) { |
436 | # do something |
437 | } |
438 | |
439 | =head2 defined-or operator |
440 | |
441 | A compound expression involving the defined-or operator, as in |
442 | C<when (expr1 // expr2)>, will be treated as boolean if the first |
443 | expression is boolean. (This just extends the existing rule that applies |
444 | to the regular or operator, as in C<when (expr1 || expr2)>.) |
445 | |
446 | =head2 Smart match changes |
447 | |
448 | This section details more changes brought to the semantics to |
449 | the smart match operator, that naturally also modify the behaviour |
450 | of the switch statements where smart matching is implicitly used. |
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451 | These changes were also made for the 5.10.1 release, and will remain in |
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452 | subsequent 5.10 releases. |
453 | |
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454 | =head3 Changes to type-based dispatch |
455 | |
456 | The smart match operator C<~~> is no longer commutative. The behaviour of |
457 | a smart match now depends primarily on the type of its right hand |
458 | argument. Moreover, its semantics have been adjusted for greater |
459 | consistency or usefulness in several cases. While the general backwards |
460 | compatibility is maintained, several changes must be noted: |
461 | |
462 | =over 4 |
463 | |
464 | =item * |
465 | |
466 | Code references with an empty prototype are no longer treated specially. |
467 | They are passed an argument like the other code references (even if they |
468 | choose to ignore it). |
469 | |
470 | =item * |
471 | |
472 | C<%hash ~~ sub {}> and C<@array ~~ sub {}> now test that the subroutine |
473 | returns a true value for each key of the hash (or element of the |
474 | array), instead of passing the whole hash or array as a reference to |
475 | the subroutine. |
476 | |
477 | =item * |
478 | |
479 | Due to the commutativity breakage, code references are no longer |
480 | treated specially when appearing on the left of the C<~~> operator, |
481 | but like any vulgar scalar. |
482 | |
483 | =item * |
484 | |
485 | C<undef ~~ %hash> is always false (since C<undef> can't be a key in a |
486 | hash). No implicit conversion to C<""> is done (as was the case in perl |
487 | 5.10.0). |
488 | |
489 | =item * |
490 | |
491 | C<$scalar ~~ @array> now always distributes the smart match across the |
492 | elements of the array. It's true if one element in @array verifies |
493 | C<$scalar ~~ $element>. This is a generalization of the old behaviour |
494 | that tested whether the array contained the scalar. |
495 | |
496 | =back |
497 | |
498 | The full dispatch table for the smart match operator is given in |
499 | L<perlsyn/"Smart matching in detail">. |
500 | |
501 | =head3 Smart match and overloading |
502 | |
503 | According to the rule of dispatch based on the rightmost argument type, |
504 | when an object overloading C<~~> appears on the right side of the |
505 | operator, the overload routine will always be called (with a 3rd argument |
506 | set to a true value, see L<overload>.) However, when the object will |
507 | appear on the left, the overload routine will be called only when the |
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508 | rightmost argument is a simple scalar. This way, distributivity of smart |
509 | match across arrays is not broken, as well as the other behaviours with |
510 | complex types (coderefs, hashes, regexes). Thus, writers of overloading |
511 | routines for smart match mostly need to worry only with comparing |
512 | against a scalar, and possibly with stringification overloading; the |
513 | other common cases will be automatically handled consistently. |
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514 | |
515 | C<~~> will now refuse to work on objects that do not overload it (in order |
516 | to avoid relying on the object's underlying structure). (However, if the |
517 | object overloads the stringification or the numification operators, and |
518 | if overload fallback is active, it will be used instead, as usual.) |
519 | |
520 | =head2 Labels can't be keywords |
521 | |
522 | Labels used as targets for the C<goto>, C<last>, C<next> or C<redo> |
523 | statements cannot be keywords anymore. This restriction will prevent |
524 | potential confusion between the C<goto LABEL> and C<goto EXPR> syntaxes: |
525 | for example, a statement like C<goto print> would jump to a label whose |
526 | name would be the return value of C<print()>, (usually 1), instead of a |
527 | label named C<print>. Moreover, the other control flow statements |
528 | would just ignore any keyword passed to them as a label name. Since |
529 | such labels cannot be defined anymore, this kind of error will be |
530 | avoided. |
531 | |
532 | =head2 Other incompatible changes |
533 | |
534 | =over 4 |
535 | |
536 | =item * |
537 | |
b21d8e53 |
538 | The definitions of a number of Unicode properties have changed to match those |
539 | of the current Unicode standard. These are listed above under L</Unicode |
adbcfde0 |
540 | properties>. This could break code that is expecting the old definitions. |
3ab3a109 |
541 | |
542 | =item * |
543 | |
b21d8e53 |
544 | The boolkeys op moved to the group of hash ops. This breaks binary |
545 | compatibility. |
c66407fa |
546 | |
547 | =item * |
548 | |
549 | Filehandles are blessed directly into C<IO::Handle>, as C<FileHandle> is |
550 | merely a wrapper around C<IO::Handle>. |
551 | |
552 | The previous behaviour was to bless Filehandles into L<FileHandle> |
553 | (an empty proxy class) if it was loaded into memory and otherwise |
554 | to bless them into C<IO::Handle>. |
555 | |
556 | =item * |
557 | |
558 | The semantics of C<use feature :5.10*> have changed slightly. |
559 | See L<"Modules and Pragmata"> for more information. |
3ab3a109 |
560 | |
561 | =item * |
562 | |
563 | The version control system used for the development of the perl |
564 | interpreter has been switched from Perforce to git. This is mainly an |
565 | internal issue that only affects people actively working on the perl core; |
566 | but it may have minor external visibility, for example in some of details |
567 | of the output of C<perl -V>. See L<perlrepository> for more information. |
568 | |
569 | =item * |
570 | |
571 | The internal structure of the C<ext/> directory in the perl source has |
572 | been reorganised. In general, a module C<Foo::Bar> whose source was |
573 | stored under F<ext/Foo/Bar/> is now located under F<ext/Foo-Bar/>. Also, |
574 | nearly all dual-life modules have been moved from F<lib/> to F<ext/>. This |
575 | is purely a source tarball change, and should make no difference to the |
576 | compilation or installation of perl, unless you have a very customised build |
577 | process that explicitly relies on this structure, or which hard-codes the |
578 | C<nonxs_ext> F<Configure> parameter. Specifically, this change does not by |
579 | default alter the location of any files in the final installation. |
580 | |
581 | =item * |
582 | |
583 | As part of the C<Test::Harness> 2.x to 3.x upgrade, the experimental |
584 | C<Test::Harness::Straps> module has been removed. |
585 | See L</"Updated Modules"> for more details. |
586 | |
587 | =item * |
588 | |
589 | As part of the C<ExtUtils::MakeMaker> upgrade, the |
590 | C<ExtUtils::MakeMaker::bytes> and C<ExtUtils::MakeMaker::vmsish> modules |
591 | have been removed from this distribution. |
592 | |
593 | =item * |
594 | |
595 | C<Module::CoreList> no longer contains the C<%:patchlevel> hash. |
596 | |
597 | =item * |
598 | |
599 | This one is actually a change introduced in 5.10.0, but it was missed |
600 | from that release's perldelta, so it is mentioned here instead. |
601 | |
602 | A bugfix related to the handling of the C</m> modifier and C<qr> resulted |
603 | in a change of behaviour between 5.8.x and 5.10.0: |
604 | |
605 | # matches in 5.8.x, doesn't match in 5.10.0 |
606 | $re = qr/^bar/; "foo\nbar" =~ /$re/m; |
607 | |
608 | =item * |
609 | |
610 | C<length undef> now returns undef. |
611 | |
612 | =item * |
613 | |
614 | Unsupported private C API functions are now declared "static" to prevent |
615 | leakage to Perl's public API. |
616 | |
617 | =item * |
618 | |
619 | To support the bootstrapping process, F<miniperl> no longer builds with |
620 | UTF-8 support in the regexp engine. |
621 | |
622 | This allows a build to complete with PERL_UNICODE set and a UTF-8 locale. |
623 | Without this there's a bootstrapping problem, as miniperl can't load the UTF-8 |
624 | components of the regexp engine, because they're not yet built. |
625 | |
626 | =item * |
627 | |
c66407fa |
628 | F<miniperl>'s @INC is now restricted to just C<-I...>, the split of |
629 | C<$ENV{PERL5LIB}>, and "C<.>" |
3ab3a109 |
630 | |
631 | =item * |
632 | |
633 | A space or a newline is now required after a C<"#line XXX"> directive. |
634 | |
635 | =item * |
636 | |
637 | Tied filehandles now have an additional method EOF which provides the EOF type |
638 | |
639 | =item * |
640 | |
c66407fa |
641 | To better match all other flow control statements, C<foreach> may no |
642 | longer be used as an attribute. |
3ab3a109 |
643 | |
644 | =back |
645 | |
646 | =head1 Deprecations |
647 | |
648 | From time to time, Perl's developers find it necessary to deprecate |
649 | features or modules we've previously shipped as part of the core |
650 | distribution. We are well aware of the pain and frustration that a |
651 | backwards-incompatible change to Perl can cause for developers building |
652 | or maintaining software in Perl. You can be sure that when we deprecate |
653 | a functionality or syntax, it isn't a choice we make lightly. Sometimes, |
654 | we choose to deprecate functionality or syntax because it was found to |
655 | be poorly designed or implemented. Sometimes, this is because they're |
656 | holding back other features or causing performance problems. Sometimes, |
657 | the reasons are more complex. Wherever possible, we try to keep deprecated |
658 | functionality available to developers in its previous form for at least |
659 | one major release. So long as a deprecated feature isn't actively |
660 | disrupting our ability to maintain and extend Perl, we'll try to leave |
661 | it in place as long as possible. |
662 | |
663 | The following items are now deprecated. |
664 | |
665 | =over 4 |
666 | |
667 | =item Use of C<:=> to mean an empty attribute list is now deprecated. |
668 | |
669 | An accident of Perl's parser meant that these constructions were all |
670 | equivalent: |
671 | |
672 | my $pi := 4; |
673 | my $pi : = 4; |
674 | my $pi : = 4; |
675 | |
676 | with the C<:> being treated as the start of an attribute list, which |
677 | ends before the C<=>. As whitespace is not significant here, all are |
678 | parsed as an empty attribute list, hence all the above are equivalent |
679 | to, and better written as |
680 | |
681 | my $pi = 4; |
682 | |
683 | because no attribute processing is done for an empty list. |
684 | |
685 | As is, this meant that C<:=> cannot be used as a new token, without |
686 | silently changing the meaning of existing code. Hence that particular |
687 | form is now deprecated, and will become a syntax error. If it is |
688 | absolutely necessary to have empty attribute lists (for example, |
689 | because of a code generator) then avoid the warning by adding a space |
690 | before the C<=>. |
691 | |
c66407fa |
692 | =item C<< UNIVERSAL->import() >> |
3ab3a109 |
693 | |
c66407fa |
694 | The method C<< UNIVERSAL->import() >> is now deprecated. Attempting to |
3ab3a109 |
695 | pass import arguments to a C<use UNIVERSAL> statement will result in a |
c66407fa |
696 | deprecation warning. |
3ab3a109 |
697 | |
698 | =item Use of "goto" to jump into a construct is deprecated |
699 | |
c66407fa |
700 | Using C<goto> to jump from an outer scope into an inner scope is now |
701 | deprecated. This rare use case was causing problems in the |
702 | implementation of scopes. |
3ab3a109 |
703 | |
704 | =item Deprecated Modules |
705 | |
706 | The following modules will be removed from the core distribution in a future |
707 | release, and should be installed from CPAN instead. Distributions on CPAN |
708 | which require these should add them to their prerequisites. The core versions |
709 | of these modules warnings will issue a deprecation warning. |
710 | |
8df7d2a3 |
711 | If you ship a packaged version of Perl, either alone or as part of a larger |
712 | system, then you should carefully consider the reprecussions of core module |
713 | deprecations. You may want to consider shipping your default build of |
714 | Perl with packages for some or all deprecated modules which install into |
715 | C<vendor> or C<site> perl library directories. This will inhibit the |
716 | deprecation warnings. |
717 | |
718 | Alternatively, you may want to consider patching F<lib/deprecate.pm> |
719 | to provide deprecation warnings specific to your packaging system or |
720 | distribution of Perl. |
721 | |
3ab3a109 |
722 | =over |
723 | |
c66407fa |
724 | =item L<Class::ISA> |
725 | |
726 | =item L<Pod::Plainer> |
727 | |
728 | =item L<Shell> |
3ab3a109 |
729 | |
c66407fa |
730 | =item L<Switch> |
3ab3a109 |
731 | |
c66407fa |
732 | Switch is buggy and should be avoided. See L<perlsyn/"Switch |
733 | statements"> for its replacement. |
3ab3a109 |
734 | |
735 | =back |
736 | |
737 | =item suidperl |
738 | |
739 | C<suidperl> has been removed. It used to provide a mechanism to |
740 | emulate setuid permission bits on systems that don't support it properly. |
741 | |
742 | =item Assignment to $[ |
743 | |
744 | =item attrs |
745 | |
746 | Remove attrs, which has been deprecated since 1999-10-02. |
747 | |
748 | =item Use of the attribute :locked on subroutines. |
749 | |
750 | =item Use of "locked" with the attributes pragma. |
751 | |
752 | =item Use of "unique" with the attributes pragma. |
753 | |
754 | =item Numerous Perl 4-era libraries: |
755 | |
756 | F<termcap.pl>, F<tainted.pl>, F<stat.pl>, F<shellwords.pl>, F<pwd.pl>, |
757 | F<open3.pl>, F<open2.pl>, F<newgetopt.pl>, F<look.pl>, F<find.pl>, |
758 | F<finddepth.pl>, F<importenv.pl>, F<hostname.pl>, F<getopts.pl>, |
759 | F<getopt.pl>, F<getcwd.pl>, F<flush.pl>, F<fastcwd.pl>, F<exceptions.pl>, |
760 | F<ctime.pl>, F<complete.pl>, F<cacheout.pl>, F<bigrat.pl>, F<bigint.pl>, |
761 | F<bigfloat.pl>, F<assert.pl>, F<abbrev.pl>, F<dotsh.pl>, and |
762 | F<timelocal.pl> are all now deprecated. Using them will incur a warning. |
763 | |
764 | =back |
765 | |
766 | =head1 Modules and Pragmata |
767 | |
768 | =head2 Dual-lifed modules moved |
769 | |
770 | Dual-lifed modules maintained primarily in the Perl core now live in dist/. |
771 | Dual-lifed modules maintained primarily on CPAN now live in cpan/ |
772 | |
773 | In previous releases of Perl, it was customary to enumerate all module |
c66407fa |
774 | changes in this section of the C<perldelta> file. From 5.11.0 forward |
775 | only notable updates (such as new or deprecated modules ) will be listed |
776 | in this section. For a complete reference to the versions of modules |
777 | shipped in a given release of perl, please see L<Module::CoreList>. |
3ab3a109 |
778 | |
779 | =head2 New Modules and Pragmata |
780 | |
781 | =over 4 |
782 | |
783 | =item * |
784 | |
785 | C<autodie> |
786 | |
787 | This is a new lexically-scoped alternative for the C<Fatal> module. |
788 | The bundled version is 2.06_01. Note that in this release, using a string |
789 | eval when C<autodie> is in effect can cause the autodie behaviour to leak |
790 | into the surrounding scope. See L<autodie/"BUGS"> for more details. |
791 | |
792 | =item * |
793 | |
794 | C<Compress::Raw::Bzip2> |
795 | |
796 | This has been added to the core (version 2.020). |
797 | |
798 | =item * |
799 | |
800 | C<parent> |
801 | |
802 | This pragma establishes an ISA relationship with base classes at compile |
c66407fa |
803 | time. It provides the key feature of C<base> without further unwanted |
804 | behaviors. |
3ab3a109 |
805 | |
806 | =item * |
807 | |
808 | C<Parse::CPAN::Meta> |
809 | |
810 | This has been added to the core (version 1.39). |
811 | |
812 | =back |
813 | |
814 | =head2 Pragmata Changes |
815 | |
816 | =over 4 |
817 | |
818 | =item * |
819 | |
820 | C<overloading> |
821 | |
822 | See L</"The C<overloading> pragma"> above. |
823 | |
824 | =item * |
825 | |
826 | C<attrs> |
827 | |
828 | The C<attrs> pragma has been removed. It had been marked as deprecated since |
829 | 5.6.0. |
830 | |
831 | =item * |
832 | |
833 | C<charnames> |
834 | |
835 | The Unicode F<NameAliases.txt> database file has been added. This has the |
836 | effect of adding some extra C<\N> character names that formerly wouldn't |
837 | have been recognised; for example, C<"\N{LATIN CAPITAL LETTER GHA}">. |
838 | |
839 | =item * |
840 | |
841 | C<feature> |
842 | |
843 | The meaning of the C<:5.10> and C<:5.10.X> feature bundles has |
844 | changed slightly. The last component, if any (i.e. C<X>) is simply ignored. |
845 | This is predicated on the assumption that new features will not, in |
846 | general, be added to maintenance releases. So C<:5.10> and C<:5.10.X> |
847 | have identical effect. This is a change to the behaviour documented for |
848 | 5.10.0. |
849 | |
850 | =item * |
851 | |
852 | C<mro> |
853 | |
854 | Upgraded from version 1.00 to 1.01. Performance for single inheritance is 40% |
855 | faster - see L</"Performance Enhancements"> below. |
856 | |
857 | C<mro> is now implemented as an XS extension. The documented interface has not |
858 | changed. Code relying on the implementation detail that some C<mro::> |
859 | methods happened to be available at all times gets to "keep both pieces". |
860 | |
861 | =item * |
862 | |
863 | C<diagnostics> |
864 | |
865 | Supports %.0f formatting internally. |
866 | |
867 | =item * |
868 | |
869 | C<overload> |
870 | |
871 | Allow overloading of 'qr'. |
872 | |
873 | =item * |
874 | |
875 | C<constant> |
876 | |
877 | Upgraded from version 1.19 to 1.20. |
878 | |
879 | =item * |
880 | |
881 | C<diagnostics> |
882 | |
c66407fa |
883 | This pragma no longer suppresses C<Use of uninitialized value in range |
884 | (or flip)> warnings. [perl #71204] |
3ab3a109 |
885 | |
886 | =item * |
887 | |
888 | C<feature> |
889 | |
890 | Upgraded from 1.13 to 1.14. Added the C<unicode_strings> feature: |
891 | |
892 | use feature "unicode_strings"; |
893 | |
894 | This pragma turns on Unicode semantics for the case-changing operations |
c66407fa |
895 | (C<uc>, C<lc>, C<ucfirst>, C<lcfirst>) on strings that don't have the |
896 | internal UTF-8 flag set, but that contain single-byte characters between |
897 | 128 and 255. |
3ab3a109 |
898 | |
899 | =item * |
900 | |
901 | C<threads> |
902 | |
903 | Upgraded from version 1.74 to 1.75. |
904 | |
905 | =item * |
906 | |
907 | C<less> |
908 | |
c66407fa |
909 | Upgraded from version 0.02 to 0.03. |
3ab3a109 |
910 | |
c66407fa |
911 | This version introduces the C<stash_name> method to allow subclasses of |
912 | C<less> to pick where in %^H to store their stash. |
3ab3a109 |
913 | |
914 | =item * |
915 | |
916 | C<version> |
917 | |
918 | Upgraded from version 0.77 to 0.81. |
919 | |
920 | This version adds support for L</Version number formats> as described earlier |
921 | in this document and in its own documentation. |
922 | |
923 | =item * |
924 | |
925 | C<warnings> |
926 | |
927 | Upgraded from 1.07 to 1.09. |
928 | |
929 | Added new C<warnings::fatal_enabled()> function. |
930 | This version adds the C<illegalproto> warning category. See also L</New or |
931 | Changed Diagnostics> for this change. |
932 | |
933 | =back |
934 | |
935 | |
936 | =head2 Updated Modules |
937 | |
938 | =over 4 |
939 | |
940 | =item XXX TODO RECALCULATE THIS VS 5.10.0 |
941 | |
942 | =back |
943 | |
944 | =head2 Removed Modules and Pragmata |
945 | |
946 | =over 4 |
947 | |
948 | =item * |
949 | |
950 | C<Devel::DProf::V> |
951 | |
952 | Removed from the Perl core. Prior version was 'undef'. |
953 | |
954 | =back |
955 | |
956 | =head1 Documentation |
957 | |
958 | =head2 New Documentation |
959 | |
960 | =over 4 |
961 | |
962 | =item * |
963 | |
964 | L<perlhaiku> |
965 | |
966 | This contains instructions on how to build perl for the Haiku platform. |
967 | |
968 | =item * |
969 | |
970 | L<perlmroapi> |
971 | |
972 | This describes the new interface for pluggable Method Resolution Orders. |
973 | |
974 | =item * |
975 | |
976 | L<perlperf> |
977 | |
978 | This document, by Richard Foley, provides an introduction to the use of |
979 | performance and optimization techniques which can be used with particular |
980 | reference to perl programs. |
981 | |
982 | =item * |
983 | |
984 | L<perlrepository> |
985 | |
986 | This describes how to access the perl source using the I<git> version |
987 | control system. |
988 | |
989 | =item * |
990 | |
991 | L<perlpolicy> extends the "Social contract about contributed modules" into |
992 | the beginnings of a document on Perl porting policies. |
993 | |
994 | =back |
995 | |
996 | =head2 Changes to Existing Documentation |
997 | |
998 | The various large F<Changes*> files (which listed every change made to perl |
999 | over the last 18 years) have been removed, and replaced by a small file, |
1000 | also called F<Changes>, which just explains how that same information may |
1001 | be extracted from the git version control system. |
1002 | |
1003 | The file F<Porting/patching.pod> has been deleted, as it mainly described |
1004 | interacting with the old Perforce-based repository, which is now obsolete. |
1005 | Information still relevant has been moved to L<perlrepository>. |
1006 | |
1007 | L<perlapi>, L<perlintern>, L<perlmodlib> and L<perltoc> are now all |
1008 | generated at build time, rather than being shipped as part of the release. |
1009 | |
1010 | =over |
1011 | |
1012 | =item * |
1013 | |
1014 | Documented -X overloading. |
1015 | |
1016 | =item * |
1017 | |
1018 | Documented that C<when()> treats specially most of the filetest operators |
1019 | |
1020 | =item * |
1021 | |
c66407fa |
1022 | Documented C<when> as a syntax modifier |
3ab3a109 |
1023 | |
1024 | =item * |
1025 | |
c66407fa |
1026 | Eliminated "Old Perl threads tutorial", which described 5005 threads. |
3ab3a109 |
1027 | |
1028 | F<pod/perlthrtut.pod> is the same material reworked for ithreads. |
1029 | |
1030 | =item * |
1031 | |
1032 | Correct previous documentation: v-strings are not deprecated |
1033 | |
1034 | With version objects, we need them to use MODULE VERSION syntax. This |
c66407fa |
1035 | patch removes the deprecation notice. |
3ab3a109 |
1036 | |
1037 | =item * |
1038 | |
1039 | Added security contact information to L<perlsec> |
1040 | |
1041 | A significant fraction of the core documentation has been updated to clarify |
1042 | the behavior of Perl's Unicode handling. |
1043 | |
1044 | Much of the remaining core documentation has been reviewed and edited |
1045 | for clarity, consistent use of language, and to fix the spelling of Tom |
1046 | Christiansen's name. |
1047 | |
1048 | The Pod specification (L<perlpodspec>) has been updated to bring the |
c66407fa |
1049 | specification in line with modern usage already supported by most Pod |
1050 | systems. A parameter string may now follow the format name in a |
1051 | "begin/end" region. Links to URIs with a text description are now |
1052 | allowed. The usage of C<LE<lt>"section"E<gt>> has been marked as |
1053 | deprecated. |
3ab3a109 |
1054 | |
1055 | L<if.pm|if> has been documented in L<perlfunc/use> as a means to get |
c66407fa |
1056 | conditional loading of modules despite the implicit BEGIN block around |
1057 | C<use>. |
3ab3a109 |
1058 | |
1059 | =item * |
1060 | |
c66407fa |
1061 | The documentation for C<$1> in perlvar.pod has been clarified. |
3ab3a109 |
1062 | |
1063 | =back |
1064 | |
1065 | =head1 Performance Enhancements |
1066 | |
1067 | =over 4 |
1068 | |
1069 | =item * |
1070 | |
1071 | A new internal cache means that C<isa()> will often be faster. |
1072 | |
1073 | =item * |
1074 | |
1075 | The implementation of C<C3> Method Resolution Order has been optimised - |
1076 | linearisation for classes with single inheritance is 40% faster. Performance |
1077 | for multiple inheritance is unchanged. |
1078 | |
1079 | =item * |
1080 | |
1081 | Under C<use locale>, the locale-relevant information is now cached on |
1082 | read-only values, such as the list returned by C<keys %hash>. This makes |
1083 | operations such as C<sort keys %hash> in the scope of C<use locale> much |
1084 | faster. |
1085 | |
1086 | =item * |
1087 | |
1088 | Empty C<DESTROY> methods are no longer called. |
1089 | |
1090 | =item * |
1091 | |
1092 | Faster C<Perl_sv_utf8_upgrade()> |
1093 | |
1094 | =item * |
1095 | |
1096 | Speed up C<keys> on empty hash |
1097 | |
1098 | =item * |
1099 | |
1100 | C<if (%foo)> has been optimized to be faster than C<if (keys %foo)> |
1101 | |
1102 | =item * |
1103 | |
1104 | Reversing an array to itself (as in C<@a = reverse @a>) in void context |
1105 | now happens in-place and is several orders of magnitude faster than it |
1106 | used to be. It will also preserve non-existent elements whenever |
1107 | possible, i.e. for non magical arrays or tied arrays with C<EXISTS> and |
1108 | C<DELETE> methods. |
1109 | |
1110 | =back |
1111 | |
1112 | =head1 Installation and Configuration Improvements |
1113 | |
1114 | =head2 F<ext/> reorganisation |
1115 | |
1116 | The layout of directories in F<ext> has been revised. Specifically, all |
1117 | extensions are now flat, and at the top level, with C</> in pathnames |
1118 | replaced by C<->, so that F<ext/Data/Dumper/> is now F<ext/Data-Dumper/>, |
1119 | etc. The names of the extensions as specified to F<Configure>, and as |
1120 | reported by C<%Config::Config> under the keys C<dynamic_ext>, |
1121 | C<known_extensions>, C<nonxs_ext> and C<static_ext> have not changed, and |
1122 | still use C</>. Hence this change will not have any affect once perl is |
1123 | installed. C<Safe> has been split out from being part of C<Opcode>, and |
1124 | C<mro> is now an extension in its own right. |
1125 | |
1126 | Nearly all dual-life modules have been moved from F<lib> to F<ext>, and will |
1127 | now appear as known C<nonxs_ext>. This will made no difference to the |
1128 | structure of an installed perl, nor will the modules installed differ, |
1129 | unless you run F<Configure> with options to specify an exact list of |
1130 | extensions to build. In this case, you will rapidly become aware that you |
1131 | need to add to your list, because various modules needed to complete the |
1132 | build, such as C<ExtUtils::ParseXS>, have now become extensions, and |
1133 | without them the build will fail well before it attempts to run the |
1134 | regression tests. |
1135 | |
1136 | =head2 Configuration improvements |
1137 | |
1138 | If C<vendorlib> and C<vendorarch> are the same, then they are only added to |
1139 | C<@INC> once. |
1140 | |
1141 | C<$Config{usedevel}> and the C-level C<PERL_USE_DEVEL> are now defined if |
1142 | perl is built with C<-Dusedevel>. |
1143 | |
1144 | F<Configure> will enable use of C<-fstack-protector>, to provide protection |
1145 | against stack-smashing attacks, if the compiler supports it. |
1146 | |
1147 | F<Configure> will now determine the correct prototypes for re-entrant |
c66407fa |
1148 | functions and for C<gconvert> if you are using a C++ compiler rather |
3ab3a109 |
1149 | than a C compiler. |
1150 | |
1151 | On Unix, if you build from a tree containing a git repository, the |
1152 | configuration process will note the commit hash you have checked out, for |
1153 | display in the output of C<perl -v> and C<perl -V>. Unpushed local commits |
1154 | are automatically added to the list of local patches displayed by |
1155 | C<perl -V>. |
1156 | |
1157 | USE_ATTRIBUTES_FOR_PERLIO is now reported in the compile-time options |
1158 | listed by the C<-V> switch. |
1159 | |
1160 | =head2 Compilation improvements |
1161 | |
1162 | As part of the flattening of F<ext>, all extensions on all platforms are |
1163 | built by F<make_ext.pl>. This replaces the Unix-specific |
1164 | F<ext/util/make_ext>, VMS-specific F<make_ext.com> and Win32-specific |
1165 | F<win32/buildext.pl>. |
1166 | |
3ab3a109 |
1167 | =head1 Changed Internals |
1168 | |
1169 | =over 4 |
1170 | |
1171 | =item * |
1172 | |
1173 | C<Perl_pmflag> has been removed from the public API. Calling it now |
1174 | generates a deprecation warning, and it will be removed in a future |
1175 | release. Although listed as part of the API, it was never documented, |
1176 | and only ever used in F<toke.c>, and prior to 5.10, F<regcomp.c>. In |
1177 | core, it has been replaced by a static function. |
1178 | |
1179 | =item * |
1180 | |
1181 | Perl_magic_setmglob now knows about globs, fixing RT #71254. |
1182 | |
1183 | =item * |
1184 | |
1185 | TODO: C<SVt_RV> is gone. RVs are now stored in IVs |
1186 | |
1187 | =item * |
1188 | |
1189 | TODO: REGEXPs are first class |
1190 | |
1191 | =item * |
1192 | |
1193 | TODO: OOK is reworked, such that an OOKed scalar is PV not PVIV |
1194 | |
1195 | =item * |
1196 | |
1197 | The J.R.R. Tolkien quotes at the head of C source file have been checked and |
1198 | proper citations added, thanks to a patch from Tom Christiansen. |
1199 | |
1200 | =item * |
1201 | |
1202 | C<Perl_vcroak()> now accepts a null first argument. In addition, a full audit |
1203 | was made of the "not NULL" compiler annotations, and those for several |
1204 | other internal functions were corrected. |
1205 | |
1206 | =item * |
1207 | |
1208 | New macros C<dSAVEDERRNO>, C<dSAVE_ERRNO>, C<SAVE_ERRNO>, C<RESTORE_ERRNO> |
1209 | have been added to formalise the temporary saving of the C<errno> |
1210 | variable. |
1211 | |
1212 | =item * |
1213 | |
1214 | The function C<Perl_sv_insert_flags> has been added to augment |
1215 | C<Perl_sv_insert>. |
1216 | |
1217 | =item * |
1218 | |
1219 | The function C<Perl_newSV_type(type)> has been added, equivalent to |
1220 | C<Perl_newSV()> followed by C<Perl_sv_upgrade(type)>. |
1221 | |
1222 | =item * |
1223 | |
1224 | The function C<Perl_newSVpvn_flags()> has been added, equivalent to |
1225 | C<Perl_newSVpvn()> and then performing the action relevant to the flag. |
1226 | |
1227 | Two flag bits are currently supported. |
1228 | |
1229 | =over 4 |
1230 | |
1231 | =item * |
1232 | |
1233 | C<SVf_UTF8> |
1234 | |
1235 | This will call C<SvUTF8_on()> for you. (Note that this does not convert an |
1236 | sequence of ISO 8859-1 characters to UTF-8). A wrapper, C<newSVpvn_utf8()> |
1237 | is available for this. |
1238 | |
1239 | =item * |
1240 | |
1241 | C<SVs_TEMP> |
1242 | |
1243 | Call C<Perl_sv_2mortal()> on the new SV. |
1244 | |
1245 | =back |
1246 | |
1247 | There is also a wrapper that takes constant strings, C<newSVpvs_flags()>. |
1248 | |
1249 | =item * |
1250 | |
1251 | The function C<Perl_croak_xs_usage> has been added as a wrapper to |
1252 | C<Perl_croak>. |
1253 | |
1254 | =item * |
1255 | |
1256 | The functions C<PerlIO_find_layer> and C<PerlIO_list_alloc> are now |
1257 | exported. |
1258 | |
1259 | =item * |
1260 | |
1261 | C<PL_na> has been exterminated from the core code, replaced by local STRLEN |
1262 | temporaries, or C<*_nolen()> calls. Either approach is faster than C<PL_na>, |
17270880 |
1263 | which is a pointer dereference into the interpreter structure under ithreads, |
3ab3a109 |
1264 | and a global variable otherwise. |
1265 | |
1266 | =item * |
1267 | |
1268 | C<Perl_mg_free()> used to leave freed memory accessible via C<SvMAGIC()> on |
1269 | the scalar. It now updates the linked list to remove each piece of magic |
1270 | as it is freed. |
1271 | |
1272 | =item * |
1273 | |
1274 | Under ithreads, the regex in C<PL_reg_curpm> is now reference counted. This |
1275 | eliminates a lot of hackish workarounds to cope with it not being reference |
1276 | counted. |
1277 | |
1278 | =item * |
1279 | |
1280 | C<Perl_mg_magical()> would sometimes incorrectly turn on C<SvRMAGICAL()>. |
1281 | This has been fixed. |
1282 | |
1283 | =item * |
1284 | |
1285 | The I<public> IV and NV flags are now not set if the string value has |
1286 | trailing "garbage". This behaviour is consistent with not setting the |
1287 | public IV or NV flags if the value is out of range for the type. |
1288 | |
1289 | =item * |
1290 | |
1291 | SV allocation tracing has been added to the diagnostics enabled by C<-Dm>. |
1292 | The tracing can alternatively output via the C<PERL_MEM_LOG> mechanism, if |
1293 | that was enabled when the F<perl> binary was compiled. |
1294 | |
1295 | =item * |
1296 | |
1297 | Smartmatch resolution tracing has been added as a new diagnostic. Use C<-DM> to |
1298 | enable it. |
1299 | |
1300 | =item * |
1301 | |
1302 | A new debugging flag C<-DB> now dumps subroutine definitions, leaving |
1303 | C<-Dx> for its original purpose of dumping syntax trees. |
1304 | |
1305 | =item * |
1306 | |
1307 | Uses of C<Nullav>, C<Nullcv>, C<Nullhv>, C<Nullop>, C<Nullsv> etc have been |
1308 | replaced by C<NULL> in the core code, and non-dual-life modules, as C<NULL> |
1309 | is clearer to those unfamiliar with the core code. |
1310 | |
1311 | =item * |
1312 | |
1313 | A macro C<MUTABLE_PTR(p)> has been added, which on (non-pedantic) gcc will |
1314 | not cast away C<const>, returning a C<void *>. Macros C<MUTABLE_SV(av)>, |
1315 | C<MUTABLE_SV(cv)> etc build on this, casting to C<AV *> etc without |
1316 | casting away C<const>. This allows proper compile-time auditing of |
1317 | C<const> correctness in the core, and helped picked up some errors (now |
1318 | fixed). |
1319 | |
1320 | =item * |
1321 | |
1322 | Macros C<mPUSHs()> and C<mXPUSHs()> have been added, for pushing SVs on the |
1323 | stack and mortalizing them. |
1324 | |
1325 | =item * |
1326 | |
1327 | Use of the private structure C<mro_meta> has changed slightly. Nothing |
1328 | outside the core should be accessing this directly anyway. |
1329 | |
1330 | =item * |
1331 | |
1332 | A new tool, F<Porting/expand-macro.pl> has been added, that allows you |
1333 | to view how a C preprocessor macro would be expanded when compiled. |
1334 | This is handy when trying to decode the macro hell that is the perl |
1335 | guts. |
1336 | |
1337 | =back |
1338 | |
1339 | =head1 Testing |
1340 | |
1341 | =head2 New Tests |
1342 | |
1343 | Many modules updated from CPAN incorporate new tests. |
1344 | Several tests that have the potential to hang forever if they fail now |
1345 | incorporate a "watchdog" functionality that will kill them after a timeout, |
1346 | which helps ensure that C<make test> and C<make test_harness> run to |
1347 | completion automatically. (Jerry Hedden). |
1348 | |
1349 | Some core-specific tests have been added: |
1350 | |
1351 | =over 4 |
1352 | |
1353 | =item * |
1354 | |
1355 | Significant cleanups to core tests to ensure that language and |
1356 | interpreter features are not used before they're tested. |
1357 | |
1358 | =item * |
1359 | |
c66407fa |
1360 | C<make test_porting> now runs a number of important pre-commit checks |
1361 | which might be of use to anyone working on the Perl core. |
3ab3a109 |
1362 | |
1363 | =item * |
1364 | |
1365 | F<t/porting/podcheck.t> automatically checks the well-formedness of |
1366 | POD found in all .pl, .pm and .pod files in the F<MANIFEST>, other than in |
1367 | dual-lifed modules which are primarily maintained outside the Perl core. |
1368 | |
1369 | =item * |
1370 | |
1371 | F<t/porting/manifest.t> now tests that all files listed in MANIFEST are present. |
1372 | |
1373 | =item * |
1374 | |
1375 | F<t/op/while_readdir.t> |
1376 | |
1377 | Test that a bare readdir in while loop sets $_. |
1378 | |
1379 | =item * |
1380 | |
c66407fa |
1381 | F<t/comp/retainedlines.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1382 | |
1383 | Check that the debugger can retain source lines from C<eval>. |
1384 | |
1385 | =item * |
1386 | |
c66407fa |
1387 | F<t/io/perlio_fail.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1388 | |
1389 | Check that bad layers fail. |
1390 | |
1391 | =item * |
1392 | |
c66407fa |
1393 | F<t/io/perlio_leaks.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1394 | |
1395 | Check that PerlIO layers are not leaking. |
1396 | |
1397 | =item * |
1398 | |
c66407fa |
1399 | F<t/io/perlio_open.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1400 | |
1401 | Check that certain special forms of open work. |
1402 | |
1403 | =item * |
1404 | |
c66407fa |
1405 | F<t/io/perlio.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1406 | |
1407 | General PerlIO tests. |
1408 | |
1409 | =item * |
1410 | |
c66407fa |
1411 | F<t/io/pvbm.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1412 | |
1413 | Check that there is no unexpected interaction between the internal types |
1414 | C<PVBM> and C<PVGV>. |
1415 | |
1416 | =item * |
1417 | |
c66407fa |
1418 | F<t/mro/package_aliases.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1419 | |
1420 | Check that mro works properly in the presence of aliased packages. |
1421 | |
1422 | =item * |
1423 | |
c66407fa |
1424 | F<t/op/dbm.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1425 | |
1426 | Tests for C<dbmopen> and C<dbmclose>. |
1427 | |
1428 | =item * |
1429 | |
c66407fa |
1430 | F<t/op/index_thr.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1431 | |
1432 | Tests for the interaction of C<index> and threads. |
1433 | |
1434 | =item * |
1435 | |
c66407fa |
1436 | F<t/op/pat_thr.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1437 | |
1438 | Tests for the interaction of esoteric patterns and threads. |
1439 | |
1440 | =item * |
1441 | |
c66407fa |
1442 | F<t/op/qr_gc.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1443 | |
1444 | Test that C<qr> doesn't leak. |
1445 | |
1446 | =item * |
1447 | |
c66407fa |
1448 | F<t/op/reg_email_thr.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1449 | |
1450 | Tests for the interaction of regex recursion and threads. |
1451 | |
1452 | =item * |
1453 | |
c66407fa |
1454 | F<t/op/regexp_qr_embed_thr.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1455 | |
1456 | Tests for the interaction of patterns with embedded C<qr//> and threads. |
1457 | |
1458 | =item * |
1459 | |
c66407fa |
1460 | F<t/op/regexp_unicode_prop.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1461 | |
1462 | Tests for Unicode properties in regular expressions. |
1463 | |
1464 | =item * |
1465 | |
c66407fa |
1466 | F<t/op/regexp_unicode_prop_thr.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1467 | |
1468 | Tests for the interaction of Unicode properties and threads. |
1469 | |
1470 | =item * |
1471 | |
c66407fa |
1472 | F<t/op/reg_nc_tie.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1473 | |
1474 | Test the tied methods of C<Tie::Hash::NamedCapture>. |
1475 | |
1476 | =item * |
1477 | |
c66407fa |
1478 | F<t/op/reg_posixcc.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1479 | |
1480 | Check that POSIX character classes behave consistently. |
1481 | |
1482 | =item * |
1483 | |
c66407fa |
1484 | F<t/op/re.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1485 | |
1486 | Check that exportable C<re> functions in F<universal.c> work. |
1487 | |
1488 | =item * |
1489 | |
c66407fa |
1490 | F<t/op/setpgrpstack.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1491 | |
1492 | Check that C<setpgrp> works. |
1493 | |
1494 | =item * |
1495 | |
c66407fa |
1496 | F<t/op/substr_thr.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1497 | |
1498 | Tests for the interaction of C<substr> and threads. |
1499 | |
1500 | =item * |
1501 | |
c66407fa |
1502 | F<t/op/upgrade.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1503 | |
1504 | Check that upgrading and assigning scalars works. |
1505 | |
1506 | =item * |
1507 | |
c66407fa |
1508 | F<t/uni/lex_utf8.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1509 | |
1510 | Check that Unicode in the lexer works. |
1511 | |
1512 | =item * |
1513 | |
c66407fa |
1514 | F<t/uni/tie.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1515 | |
1516 | Check that Unicode and C<tie> work. |
1517 | |
1518 | =item * |
1519 | |
c66407fa |
1520 | F<t/comp/final_line_num.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1521 | |
1522 | See if line numbers are correct at EOF |
1523 | |
1524 | =item * |
1525 | |
c66407fa |
1526 | F<t/comp/form_scope.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1527 | |
1528 | See if format scoping works |
1529 | |
1530 | =item * |
1531 | |
c66407fa |
1532 | F<t/comp/line_debug.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1533 | |
c66407fa |
1534 | See if C<< @{"_<$file"} >> works |
3ab3a109 |
1535 | |
1536 | =item * |
1537 | |
c66407fa |
1538 | F<t/op/filetest_t.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1539 | |
1540 | See if -t file test works |
1541 | |
1542 | =item * |
1543 | |
c66407fa |
1544 | F<t/op/qr.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1545 | |
1546 | See if qr works |
1547 | |
1548 | =item * |
1549 | |
c66407fa |
1550 | F<t/op/utf8cache.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1551 | |
1552 | Tests malfunctions of utf8 cache |
1553 | |
1554 | =item * |
1555 | |
c66407fa |
1556 | F<t/re/uniprops.t> |
3ab3a109 |
1557 | |
1558 | Test unicode \p{} regex constructs |
1559 | |
1560 | =back |
1561 | |
1562 | =head2 Testing improvements |
1563 | |
1564 | =over 4 |
1565 | |
1566 | =item * |
1567 | |
1568 | It's now possible to override C<PERL5OPT> and friends in F<t/TEST> |
1569 | |
1570 | =back |
1571 | |
1572 | |
1573 | =head1 New or Changed Diagnostics |
1574 | |
1575 | Several new diagnostics, see L<perldiag> for details. |
1576 | |
1577 | =over 4 |
1578 | |
1579 | =item * |
1580 | |
1581 | C<Bad plugin affecting keyword '%s'> |
1582 | |
1583 | =item * |
1584 | |
1585 | C<gmtime(%.0f) too large> |
1586 | |
1587 | =item * |
1588 | |
1589 | C<Lexing code attempted to stuff non-Latin-1 character into Latin-1 input> |
1590 | |
1591 | =item * |
1592 | |
1593 | C<Lexing code internal error (%s)> |
1594 | |
1595 | =item * |
1596 | |
1597 | C<localtime(%.0f) too large> |
1598 | |
1599 | =item * |
1600 | |
1601 | C<Overloaded dereference did not return a reference> |
1602 | |
1603 | =item * |
1604 | |
1605 | C<Overloaded qr did not return a REGEXP> |
1606 | |
1607 | =item * |
1608 | |
1609 | C<Perl_pmflag() is deprecated, and will be removed from the XS API> |
1610 | |
1611 | =item * |
1612 | |
1613 | New warning category C<illegalproto> |
1614 | |
1615 | The two warnings : |
1616 | |
1617 | Illegal character in prototype for %s : %s |
1618 | Prototype after '%c' for %s : %s |
1619 | |
1620 | have been moved from the C<syntax> top-level warnings category into a new |
1621 | first-level category, C<illegalproto>. These two warnings are currently the |
1622 | only ones emitted during parsing of an invalid/illegal prototype, so one |
1623 | can now do |
1624 | |
1625 | no warnings 'illegalproto'; |
1626 | |
1627 | to suppress only those, but not other syntax-related warnings. Warnings where |
1628 | prototypes are changed, ignored, or not met are still in the C<prototype> |
1629 | category as before. (Matt S. Trout) |
1630 | |
1631 | =item * |
1632 | |
1633 | lvalue attribute ignored after the subroutine has been defined |
1634 | |
1635 | This new warning is issued when one attempts to mark a subroutine as |
1636 | lvalue after it has been defined. |
1637 | |
1638 | =item * |
1639 | |
c66407fa |
1640 | warn if C<++> or C<--> are unable to change the value because it's |
1641 | beyond the limit of representation |
3ab3a109 |
1642 | |
1643 | This uses a new warnings category: "imprecision". |
1644 | |
1645 | =item * |
c66407fa |
1646 | |
1647 | C<lc>, C<uc>, C<lcfirst>, and C<ucfirst> warn when passed undef. |
3ab3a109 |
1648 | |
1649 | =item * |
1650 | |
1651 | Show constant in "Useless use of a constant in void context" |
1652 | |
1653 | =item * |
1654 | |
1655 | Make the new warning report undef constants as undef |
1656 | |
1657 | =item * |
1658 | |
1659 | Add a new warning, "Prototype after '%s'" |
1660 | |
1661 | =item * |
1662 | |
c66407fa |
1663 | Tweak the "Illegal character in prototype" warning so it's more precise |
1664 | when reporting illegal characters after _ |
3ab3a109 |
1665 | |
1666 | =item * |
1667 | |
c66407fa |
1668 | Correct the unintended interpolation of C<$\> in regex |
3ab3a109 |
1669 | |
1670 | =item * |
1671 | |
c66407fa |
1672 | Make overflow warnings in C<gmtime> and C<localtime> only occur when |
1673 | warnings are enabled |
3ab3a109 |
1674 | |
1675 | =item * |
1676 | |
1677 | Improve mro merging error messages. |
1678 | |
1679 | They are now very similar to those produced by Algorithm::C3. |
1680 | |
1681 | =item * |
1682 | |
1683 | Amelioration of the error message "Unrecognized character %s in column %d" |
1684 | |
1685 | Changes the error message to "Unrecognized character %s; marked by E<lt>-- |
1686 | HERE after %sE<lt>-- HERE near column %d". This should make it a little |
1687 | simpler to spot and correct the suspicious character. |
1688 | |
1689 | =item * |
1690 | |
c66407fa |
1691 | Explicitely point to C<$.> when it causes an uninitialized warning for |
1692 | ranges in scalar context |
3ab3a109 |
1693 | |
1694 | =item * |
1695 | |
3ab3a109 |
1696 | C<split> now warns when called in void context |
1697 | |
1698 | =item * |
1699 | |
1700 | C<printf>-style functions called with too few arguments will now issue the |
1701 | warning C<"Missing argument in %s"> [perl #71000] |
1702 | |
1703 | =item * |
1704 | |
1705 | C<panic: sv_chop %s> |
1706 | |
1707 | This new fatal error occurs when the C routine C<Perl_sv_chop()> was |
1708 | passed a position that is not within the scalar's string buffer. This |
1709 | could be caused by buggy XS code, and at this point recovery is not |
1710 | possible. |
1711 | |
1712 | =item * |
1713 | |
3ab3a109 |
1714 | C<Deep recursion on subroutine "%s"> |
1715 | |
1716 | It is now possible to change the depth threshold for this warning from the |
1717 | default of 100, by recompiling the F<perl> binary, setting the C |
1718 | pre-processor macro C<PERL_SUB_DEPTH_WARN> to the desired value. |
1719 | |
1720 | =item * |
1721 | |
1722 | Perl now properly returns a syntax error instead of segfaulting |
c66407fa |
1723 | if C<each>, C<keys>, or C<values> is used without an argument. |
3ab3a109 |
1724 | |
1725 | =item * |
1726 | |
c66407fa |
1727 | C<tell()> now fails properly if called without an argument and when no |
1728 | previous file was read. |
3ab3a109 |
1729 | |
c66407fa |
1730 | C<tell()> now returns C<-1>, and sets errno to C<EBADF>, thus restoring |
1731 | the 5.8.x behaviour. |
3ab3a109 |
1732 | |
1733 | =item * |
1734 | |
c66407fa |
1735 | C<overload> no longer implicitly unsets fallback on repeated 'use |
1736 | overload' lines. |
3ab3a109 |
1737 | |
1738 | =item * |
1739 | |
1740 | POSIX::strftime() can now handle Unicode characters in the format string. |
1741 | |
1742 | =item * |
1743 | |
c66407fa |
1744 | The Windows select() implementation now supports all empty C<fd_set>s |
1745 | more correctly. |
3ab3a109 |
1746 | |
1747 | =item * |
1748 | |
c66407fa |
1749 | The "syntax" category was removed from 5 warnings that should only be in |
1750 | "deprecated". |
3ab3a109 |
1751 | |
1752 | =item * |
1753 | |
c66407fa |
1754 | Three fatal C<pack>/C<unpack> error messages have been normalized to |
1755 | "panic: %s" |
3ab3a109 |
1756 | |
1757 | =item * |
1758 | |
1759 | "Unicode character is illegal" has been rephrased to be more accurate |
1760 | |
1761 | It now reads C<Unicode non-character is illegal in interchange> and the |
1762 | perldiag documentation has been expanded a bit. |
1763 | |
1764 | =item * |
1765 | |
c66407fa |
1766 | Perl now defaults to issuing a warning if a deprecated language feature |
1767 | is used. |
3ab3a109 |
1768 | |
1769 | To disable this feature in a given lexical scope, you should use C<no |
1770 | warnings 'deprecated';> For information about which language features |
1771 | are deprecated and explanations of various deprecation warnings, please |
1772 | see L<perldiag.pod> |
1773 | |
1774 | =back |
1775 | |
c66407fa |
1776 | The following diagnostics have been removed: |
1777 | |
1778 | =over 4 |
1779 | |
1780 | =item * |
1781 | |
1782 | C<Runaway format> |
1783 | |
1784 | =item * |
1785 | |
1786 | C<Can't locate package %s for the parents of %s> |
1787 | |
1788 | This warning has been removed. In general, it only got produced in |
1789 | conjunction with other warnings, and removing it allowed an ISA lookup |
1790 | optimisation to be added. |
1791 | |
1792 | =item * |
1793 | |
1794 | C<v-string in use/require is non-portable> |
1795 | |
1796 | =back |
1797 | |
3ab3a109 |
1798 | =head1 Utility Changes |
1799 | |
1800 | =over 4 |
1801 | |
1802 | =item * |
1803 | |
1804 | F<h2ph> |
1805 | |
1806 | Now looks in C<include-fixed> too, which is a recent addition to gcc's |
1807 | search path. |
1808 | |
1809 | =item * |
1810 | |
1811 | F<h2xs> |
1812 | |
1813 | No longer incorrectly treats enum values like macros (Daniel Burr). |
1814 | |
1815 | Now handles C++ style constants (C<//>) properly in enums. (A patch from |
1816 | Rainer Weikusat was used; Daniel Burr also proposed a similar fix). |
1817 | |
1818 | =item * |
1819 | |
1820 | F<perl5db.pl> |
1821 | |
1822 | C<LVALUE> subroutines now work under the debugger. |
1823 | |
1824 | The debugger now correctly handles proxy constant subroutines, and |
1825 | subroutine stubs. |
1826 | |
1827 | =item * |
1828 | |
1829 | F<perlbug> |
1830 | |
1831 | F<perlbug> now uses C<%Module::CoreList::bug_tracker> to print out upstream bug |
1832 | tracker URLs. |
1833 | |
1834 | Where the user names a module that their bug report is about, and we know the |
1835 | URL for its upstream bug tracker, provide a message to the user explaining |
1836 | that the core copies the CPAN version directly, and provide the URL for |
1837 | reporting the bug directly to upstream. |
1838 | |
1839 | =item * |
1840 | |
1841 | F<perlthanks> |
1842 | |
1843 | Perl 5.11.0 added a new utility F<perlthanks>, which is a variant of |
1844 | F<perlbug>, but for sending non-bug-reports to the authors and maintainers |
1845 | of Perl. Getting nothing but bug reports can become a bit demoralising: |
1846 | we'll see if this changes things. |
1847 | |
1848 | =item * |
1849 | |
1850 | F<perlbug> |
1851 | |
1852 | No longer reports "Message sent" when it hasn't actually sent the message |
1853 | |
1854 | =item * |
1855 | |
1856 | F<a2p> |
1857 | |
1858 | Fixed bugs with the match() operator in list context, remove mention of |
c66407fa |
1859 | C<$[>. |
3ab3a109 |
1860 | |
1861 | =back |
1862 | |
1863 | =head1 Selected Bug Fixes |
1864 | |
1865 | =over 4 |
1866 | |
1867 | =item * |
1868 | |
1869 | Ensure that pp_qr returns a new regexp SV each time. Resolves RT #69852. |
1870 | |
1871 | Instead of returning a(nother) reference to the (pre-compiled) regexp in the |
1872 | optree, use reg_temp_copy() to create a copy of it, and return a reference to |
1873 | that. This resolves issues about Regexp::DESTROY not being called in a timely |
1874 | fashion (the original bug tracked by RT #69852), as well as bugs related to |
1875 | blessing regexps, and of assigning to regexps, as described in correspondence |
1876 | added to the ticket. |
1877 | |
1878 | It transpires that we also need to undo the SvPVX() sharing when ithreads |
1879 | cloning a Regexp SV, because mother_re is set to NULL, instead of a cloned |
1880 | copy of the mother_re. This change might fix bugs with regexps and threads in |
1881 | certain other situations, but as yet neither tests nor bug reports have |
1882 | indicated any problems, so it might not actually be an edge case that it's |
1883 | possible to reach. |
1884 | |
1885 | =item * |
1886 | |
3ab3a109 |
1887 | Several compilation errors and segfaults when perl was built with C<-Dmad> were fixed. |
1888 | |
1889 | =item * |
1890 | |
1891 | Fixes for lexer API changes in 5.11.2 which broke NYTProf's savesrc option. |
1892 | |
1893 | =item * |
1894 | |
c66407fa |
1895 | C<-t> should only return TRUE for file handles connected to a TTY |
3ab3a109 |
1896 | |
c66407fa |
1897 | The Microsoft C version of C<isatty()> returns TRUE for all |
1898 | character mode devices, including the F</dev/null>-style "nul" |
3ab3a109 |
1899 | device and printers like "lpt1". |
1900 | |
1901 | =item * |
1902 | |
1903 | Fixed a regression caused by commit fafafbaf which caused a panic during |
1904 | parameter passing [perl #70171] |
1905 | |
1906 | =item * |
1907 | |
1908 | On systems which in-place edits without backup files, -i'*' now works as |
1909 | the documentation says it does [perl #70802] |
1910 | |
1911 | =item * |
1912 | |
1913 | Saving and restoring magic flags no longer loses readonly flag. |
1914 | |
1915 | =item * |
1916 | |
1917 | The malformed syntax C<grep EXPR LIST> (note the missing comma) no longer |
1918 | causes abrupt and total failure. |
1919 | |
1920 | =item * |
1921 | |
1922 | Regular expressions compiled with C<qr{}> literals properly set C<$'> when |
1923 | matching again. |
1924 | |
1925 | =item * |
1926 | |
1927 | Using named subroutines with C<sort> should no longer lead to bus errors [perl |
1928 | #71076] |
1929 | |
1930 | =item * |
1931 | |
1932 | Numerous bugfixes catch small issues caused by the recently-added Lexer API. |
1933 | |
1934 | =item * |
1935 | |
1936 | Smart match against C<@_> sometimes gave false negatives. [perl #71078] |
1937 | |
1938 | =item * |
1939 | |
c66407fa |
1940 | C<$@> may now be assigned a read-only value (without error or busting |
1941 | the stack). |
3ab3a109 |
1942 | |
1943 | =item * |
1944 | |
1945 | C<sort> called recursively from within an active comparison subroutine no |
1946 | longer causes a bus error if run multiple times. [perl #71076] |
1947 | |
1948 | =item * |
1949 | |
c66407fa |
1950 | Tie::Hash::NamedCapture::* will not abort if passed bad input (RT #71828) |
3ab3a109 |
1951 | |
1952 | =item * |
1953 | |
1954 | @_ and $_ no longer leak under threads (RT #34342 and #41138, also |
1955 | #70602, #70974) |
1956 | |
1957 | =item * |
1958 | |
1959 | C<-I> on shebang line now adds directories in front of @INC |
1960 | as documented, and as does C<-I> when specified on the command-line. |
1961 | |
1962 | =item * |
1963 | |
1964 | C<kill> is now fatal when called on non-numeric process identifiers. |
c66407fa |
1965 | Previously, an C<undef> process identifier would be interpreted as a |
1966 | request to kill process 0, which would terminate the current process |
1967 | group on POSIX systems. Since process identifiers are always integers, |
1968 | killing a non-numeric process is now fatal. |
3ab3a109 |
1969 | |
1970 | =item * |
1971 | |
1972 | 5.10.0 inadvertently disabled an optimisation, which caused a measurable |
1973 | performance drop in list assignment, such as is often used to assign |
1974 | function parameters from C<@_>. The optimisation has been re-instated, and |
c66407fa |
1975 | the performance regression fixed. (This fix is also present in 5.10.1) |
3ab3a109 |
1976 | |
1977 | =item * |
1978 | |
1979 | Fixed memory leak on C<while (1) { map 1, 1 }> [RT #53038]. |
1980 | |
1981 | =item * |
1982 | |
1983 | Some potential coredumps in PerlIO fixed [RT #57322,54828]. |
1984 | |
1985 | =item * |
1986 | |
1987 | The debugger now works with lvalue subroutines. |
1988 | |
1989 | =item * |
1990 | |
1991 | The debugger's C<m> command was broken on modules that defined constants |
1992 | [RT #61222]. |
1993 | |
1994 | =item * |
1995 | |
1996 | C<crypt> and string complement could return tainted values for untainted |
1997 | arguments [RT #59998]. |
1998 | |
1999 | =item * |
2000 | |
2001 | The C<-i>I<.suffix> command-line switch now recreates the file using |
2002 | restricted permissions, before changing its mode to match the original |
2003 | file. This eliminates a potential race condition [RT #60904]. |
2004 | |
2005 | =item * |
2006 | |
2007 | On some Unix systems, the value in C<$?> would not have the top bit set |
2008 | (C<$? & 128>) even if the child core dumped. |
2009 | |
2010 | =item * |
2011 | |
2012 | Under some circumstances, C<$^R> could incorrectly become undefined |
2013 | [RT #57042]. |
2014 | |
2015 | =item * |
2016 | |
2017 | In the XS API, various hash functions, when passed a pre-computed hash where |
2018 | the key is UTF-8, might result in an incorrect lookup. |
2019 | |
2020 | =item * |
2021 | |
2022 | XS code including F<XSUB.h> before F<perl.h> gave a compile-time error |
2023 | [RT #57176]. |
2024 | |
2025 | =item * |
2026 | |
2027 | C<< $object-E<gt>isa('Foo') >> would report false if the package C<Foo> didn't |
2028 | exist, even if the object's C<@ISA> contained C<Foo>. |
2029 | |
2030 | =item * |
2031 | |
2032 | Various bugs in the new-to 5.10.0 mro code, triggered by manipulating |
2033 | C<@ISA>, have been found and fixed. |
2034 | |
2035 | =item * |
2036 | |
2037 | Bitwise operations on references could crash the interpreter, e.g. |
2038 | C<$x=\$y; $x |= "foo"> [RT #54956]. |
2039 | |
2040 | =item * |
2041 | |
2042 | Patterns including alternation might be sensitive to the internal UTF-8 |
2043 | representation, e.g. |
2044 | |
2045 | my $byte = chr(192); |
2046 | my $utf8 = chr(192); utf8::upgrade($utf8); |
2047 | $utf8 =~ /$byte|X}/i; # failed in 5.10.0 |
2048 | |
2049 | =item * |
2050 | |
2051 | Within UTF8-encoded Perl source files (i.e. where C<use utf8> is in |
2052 | effect), double-quoted literal strings could be corrupted where a C<\xNN>, |
2053 | C<\0NNN> or C<\N{}> is followed by a literal character with ordinal value |
2054 | greater than 255 [RT #59908]. |
2055 | |
2056 | =item * |
2057 | |
2058 | C<B::Deparse> failed to correctly deparse various constructs: |
2059 | C<readpipe STRING> [RT #62428], C<CORE::require(STRING)> [RT #62488], |
2060 | C<sub foo(_)> [RT #62484]. |
2061 | |
2062 | =item * |
2063 | |
2064 | Using C<setpgrp> with no arguments could corrupt the perl stack. |
2065 | |
2066 | =item * |
2067 | |
2068 | The block form of C<eval> is now specifically trappable by C<Safe> and |
2069 | C<ops>. Previously it was erroneously treated like string C<eval>. |
2070 | |
2071 | =item * |
2072 | |
2073 | In 5.10.0, the two characters C<[~> were sometimes parsed as the smart |
2074 | match operator (C<~~>) [RT #63854]. |
2075 | |
2076 | =item * |
2077 | |
2078 | In 5.10.0, the C<*> quantifier in patterns was sometimes treated as |
2079 | C<{0,32767}> [RT #60034, #60464]. For example, this match would fail: |
2080 | |
2081 | ("ab" x 32768) =~ /^(ab)*$/ |
2082 | |
2083 | =item * |
2084 | |
2085 | C<shmget> was limited to a 32 bit segment size on a 64 bit OS [RT #63924]. |
2086 | |
2087 | =item * |
2088 | |
2089 | Using C<next> or C<last> to exit a C<given> block no longer produces a |
2090 | spurious warning like the following: |
2091 | |
2092 | Exiting given via last at foo.pl line 123 |
2093 | |
2094 | =item * |
2095 | |
2096 | On Windows, C<'.\foo'> and C<'..\foo'> were treated differently than |
2097 | C<'./foo'> and C<'../foo'> by C<do> and C<require> [RT #63492]. |
2098 | |
2099 | =item * |
2100 | |
2101 | Assigning a format to a glob could corrupt the format; e.g.: |
2102 | |
2103 | *bar=*foo{FORMAT}; # foo format now bad |
2104 | |
2105 | =item * |
2106 | |
2107 | Attempting to coerce a typeglob to a string or number could cause an |
2108 | assertion failure. The correct error message is now generated, |
2109 | C<Can't coerce GLOB to I<$type>>. |
2110 | |
2111 | =item * |
2112 | |
2113 | Under C<use filetest 'access'>, C<-x> was using the wrong access mode. This |
2114 | has been fixed [RT #49003]. |
2115 | |
2116 | =item * |
2117 | |
2118 | C<length> on a tied scalar that returned a Unicode value would not be |
2119 | correct the first time. This has been fixed. |
2120 | |
2121 | =item * |
2122 | |
2123 | Using an array C<tie> inside in array C<tie> could SEGV. This has been |
2124 | fixed. [RT #51636] |
2125 | |
2126 | =item * |
2127 | |
2128 | A race condition inside C<PerlIOStdio_close()> has been identified and |
2129 | fixed. This used to cause various threading issues, including SEGVs. |
2130 | |
2131 | =item * |
2132 | |
2133 | In C<unpack>, the use of C<()> groups in scalar context was internally |
2134 | placing a list on the interpreter's stack, which manifested in various |
2135 | ways, including SEGVs. This is now fixed [RT #50256]. |
2136 | |
2137 | =item * |
2138 | |
2139 | Magic was called twice in C<substr>, C<\&$x>, C<tie $x, $m> and C<chop>. |
2140 | These have all been fixed. |
2141 | |
2142 | =item * |
2143 | |
2144 | A 5.10.0 optimisation to clear the temporary stack within the implicit |
2145 | loop of C<s///ge> has been reverted, as it turned out to be the cause of |
2146 | obscure bugs in seemingly unrelated parts of the interpreter [commit |
2147 | ef0d4e17921ee3de]. |
2148 | |
2149 | =item * |
2150 | |
2151 | The line numbers for warnings inside C<elsif> are now correct. |
2152 | |
2153 | =item * |
2154 | |
2155 | The C<..> operator now works correctly with ranges whose ends are at or |
2156 | close to the values of the smallest and largest integers. |
2157 | |
2158 | =item * |
2159 | |
2160 | C<binmode STDIN, ':raw'> could lead to segmentation faults on some platforms. |
2161 | This has been fixed [RT #54828]. |
2162 | |
2163 | =item * |
2164 | |
2165 | An off-by-one error meant that C<index $str, ...> was effectively being |
2166 | executed as C<index "$str\0", ...>. This has been fixed [RT #53746]. |
2167 | |
2168 | =item * |
2169 | |
2170 | Various leaks associated with named captures in regexes have been fixed |
2171 | [RT #57024]. |
2172 | |
2173 | =item * |
2174 | |
2175 | A weak reference to a hash would leak. This was affecting C<DBI> |
2176 | [RT #56908]. |
2177 | |
2178 | =item * |
2179 | |
2180 | Using (?|) in a regex could cause a segfault [RT #59734]. |
2181 | |
2182 | =item * |
2183 | |
2184 | Use of a UTF-8 C<tr//> within a closure could cause a segfault [RT #61520]. |
2185 | |
2186 | =item * |
2187 | |
2188 | Calling C<Perl_sv_chop()> or otherwise upgrading an SV could result in an |
2189 | unaligned 64-bit access on the SPARC architecture [RT #60574]. |
2190 | |
2191 | =item * |
2192 | |
2193 | In the 5.10.0 release, C<inc_version_list> would incorrectly list |
2194 | C<5.10.*> after C<5.8.*>; this affected the C<@INC> search order |
2195 | [RT #67628]. |
2196 | |
2197 | =item * |
2198 | |
2199 | In 5.10.0, C<pack "a*", $tainted_value> returned a non-tainted value |
2200 | [RT #52552]. |
2201 | |
2202 | =item * |
2203 | |
2204 | In 5.10.0, C<printf> and C<sprintf> could produce the fatal error |
2205 | C<panic: utf8_mg_pos_cache_update> when printing UTF-8 strings |
2206 | [RT #62666]. |
2207 | |
2208 | =item * |
2209 | |
2210 | In the 5.10.0 release, a dynamically created C<AUTOLOAD> method might be |
2211 | missed (method cache issue) [RT #60220,60232]. |
2212 | |
2213 | =item * |
2214 | |
2215 | In the 5.10.0 release, a combination of C<use feature> and C<//ee> could |
2216 | cause a memory leak [RT #63110]. |
2217 | |
2218 | =item * |
2219 | |
2220 | C<-C> on the shebang (C<#!>) line is once more permitted if it is also |
2221 | specified on the command line. C<-C> on the shebang line used to be a |
2222 | silent no-op I<if> it was not also on the command line, so perl 5.10.0 |
2223 | disallowed it, which broke some scripts. Now perl checks whether it is |
2224 | also on the command line and only dies if it is not [RT #67880]. |
2225 | |
2226 | =item * |
2227 | |
2228 | In 5.10.0, certain types of re-entrant regular expression could crash, |
2229 | or cause the following assertion failure [RT #60508]: |
2230 | |
2231 | Assertion rx->sublen >= (s - rx->subbeg) + i failed |
2232 | |
2233 | =item * |
2234 | |
2235 | Previously missing files from Unicode 5.1 Character Database are now included. |
2236 | |
2237 | =item * |
2238 | |
2239 | C<TMPDIR> is now honored when opening an anonymous temporary file |
2240 | |
2241 | =back |
2242 | |
2243 | =head1 Platform Specific Changes |
2244 | |
2245 | =head2 New Platforms |
2246 | |
2247 | =over |
2248 | |
2249 | =item Haiku |
2250 | |
2251 | Patches from the Haiku maintainers have been merged in. Perl should now |
2252 | build on Haiku. |
2253 | |
2254 | =item MirOS BSD |
2255 | |
2256 | Perl should now build on MirOS BSD. |
2257 | |
2258 | |
2259 | =back |
2260 | |
2261 | =head2 Discontinued Platforms |
2262 | |
2263 | =over |
2264 | |
2265 | =item DomainOS |
2266 | |
2267 | Support for Apollo DomainOS was removed in Perl 5.11.0 |
2268 | |
2269 | =item MachTen |
2270 | |
2271 | Support for Tenon Intersystems MachTen Unix layer for MacOS Classic was |
2272 | removed in Perl 5.11.0 |
2273 | |
2274 | =item MiNT |
2275 | |
2276 | Support for Atari MiNT was removed in Perl 5.11.0. |
2277 | |
2278 | =back |
2279 | |
2280 | =head2 Updated Platforms |
2281 | |
2282 | =over 4 |
2283 | |
2284 | =item Darwin (Mac OS X) |
2285 | |
2286 | =over 4 |
2287 | |
2288 | =item * |
2289 | |
2290 | Skip testing the be_BY.CP1131 locale on Darwin 10 (Mac OS X 10.6), |
2291 | as it's still buggy. |
2292 | |
2293 | =item * |
2294 | |
2295 | Correct infelicities in the regexp used to identify buggy locales |
2296 | on Darwin 8 and 9 (Mac OS X 10.4 and 10.5, respectively). |
2297 | |
2298 | =back |
2299 | |
2300 | =item DragonFly BSD |
2301 | |
2302 | =over 4 |
2303 | |
2304 | =item * |
2305 | |
2306 | Fix thread library selection [perl #69686] |
2307 | |
2308 | =back |
2309 | |
2310 | =item Win32 |
2311 | |
2312 | =over 4 |
2313 | |
2314 | =item * |
2315 | |
2316 | Initial support for mingw64 is now available |
2317 | |
2318 | =item * |
2319 | |
c66407fa |
2320 | Various bits of Perl's build infrastructure are no longer converted to |
2321 | win32 line endings at release time. If this hurts you, please report the |
2322 | problem with the L<perlbug> program included with perl. |
3ab3a109 |
2323 | |
2324 | =item * |
2325 | |
2326 | Always add a manifest resource to C<perl.exe> to specify the C<trustInfo> |
2327 | settings for Windows Vista and later. Without this setting Windows |
2328 | will treat C<perl.exe> as a legacy application and apply various |
2329 | heuristics like redirecting access to protected file system areas |
2330 | (like the "Program Files" folder) to the users "VirtualStore" |
2331 | instead of generating a proper "permission denied" error. |
2332 | |
2333 | For VC8 and VC9 this manifest setting is automatically generated by |
2334 | the compiler/linker (together with the binding information for their |
2335 | respective runtime libraries); for all other compilers we need to |
2336 | embed the manifest resource explicitly in the external resource file. |
2337 | |
2338 | This change also requests the Microsoft Common-Controls version 6.0 |
2339 | (themed controls introduced in Windows XP) via the dependency list |
2340 | in the assembly manifest. For VC8 and VC9 this is specified using the |
2341 | C</manifestdependency> linker commandline option instead. |
2342 | |
2343 | =item * |
2344 | |
2345 | Improved message window handling means that C<alarm> and C<kill> messages |
2346 | will no longer be dropped under race conditions. |
2347 | |
2348 | =back |
2349 | |
2350 | =item cygwin |
2351 | |
2352 | =over 4 |
2353 | |
2354 | =item * |
2355 | |
2356 | Enable IPv6 support on cygwin 1.7 and newer |
2357 | |
2358 | =back |
2359 | |
2360 | =item OpenVMS |
2361 | |
2362 | =over 4 |
2363 | |
2364 | =item * |
2365 | |
2366 | Make -UDEBUGGING the default on VMS for 5.12.0. |
2367 | |
2368 | Like it has been everywhere else for ages and ages. Also make |
2369 | command-line selection of -UDEBUGGING and -DDEBUGGING work in |
2370 | configure.com; before the only way to turn it off was by saying |
2371 | no in answer to the interactive question. |
2372 | |
2373 | =item * |
2374 | |
2375 | The default pipe buffer size on VMS has been updated to 8192 on 64-bit |
2376 | systems. |
2377 | |
2378 | =item * |
2379 | |
2380 | Reads from the in-memory temporary files of C<PerlIO::scalar> used to fail |
2381 | if C<$/> was set to a numeric reference (to indicate record-style reads). |
2382 | This is now fixed. |
2383 | |
2384 | =item * |
2385 | |
2386 | VMS now supports C<getgrgid>. |
2387 | |
2388 | =item * |
2389 | |
2390 | Many improvements and cleanups have been made to the VMS file name handling |
2391 | and conversion code. |
2392 | |
2393 | =item * |
2394 | |
2395 | Enabling the C<PERL_VMS_POSIX_EXIT> logical name now encodes a POSIX exit |
2396 | status in a VMS condition value for better interaction with GNV's bash |
2397 | shell and other utilities that depend on POSIX exit values. See |
2398 | L<perlvms/"$?"> for details. |
2399 | |
2400 | =item * |
2401 | |
2402 | C<File::Copy> now detects Unix compatibility mode on VMS. |
2403 | |
2404 | =back |
2405 | |
2406 | =item AIX |
2407 | |
2408 | Removed F<libbsd> for AIX 5L and 6.1. Only C<flock()> was used from F<libbsd>. |
2409 | |
2410 | Removed F<libgdbm> for AIX 5L and 6.1. The F<libgdbm> is delivered as an |
2411 | optional package with the AIX Toolbox. Unfortunately the 64 bit version |
2412 | is broken. |
2413 | |
2414 | Hints changes mean that AIX 4.2 should work again. |
2415 | |
2416 | =item Cygwin |
2417 | |
2418 | On Cygwin we now strip the last number from the DLL. This has been the |
2419 | behaviour in the cygwin.com build for years. The hints files have been |
2420 | updated. |
2421 | |
2422 | |
2423 | =item FreeBSD |
2424 | |
2425 | The hints files now identify the correct threading libraries on FreeBSD 7 |
2426 | and later. |
2427 | |
2428 | =item Irix |
2429 | |
2430 | We now work around a bizarre preprocessor bug in the Irix 6.5 compiler: |
2431 | C<cc -E -> unfortunately goes into K&R mode, but C<cc -E file.c> doesn't. |
2432 | |
2433 | =item NetBSD |
2434 | |
2435 | Hints now supports versions 5.*. |
2436 | |
2437 | =item Stratus VOS |
2438 | |
2439 | Various changes from Stratus have been merged in. |
2440 | |
2441 | =item Symbian |
2442 | |
2443 | There is now support for Symbian S60 3.2 SDK and S60 5.0 SDK. |
2444 | |
2445 | =back |
2446 | |
2447 | =head1 Known Problems |
2448 | |
2449 | This is a list of some significant unfixed bugs, which are regressions |
2450 | from either 5.10.0 or 5.8.x. |
2451 | |
2452 | =over 4 |
2453 | |
2454 | =item * |
2455 | |
2456 | C<List::Util::first> misbehaves in the presence of a lexical C<$_> |
2457 | (typically introduced by C<my $_> or implicitly by C<given>). The variable |
2458 | which gets set for each iteration is the package variable C<$_>, not the |
2459 | lexical C<$_> [RT #67694]. |
2460 | |
2461 | A similar issue may occur in other modules that provide functions which |
2462 | take a block as their first argument, like |
2463 | |
2464 | foo { ... $_ ...} list |
2465 | |
2466 | =item * |
2467 | |
3ab3a109 |
2468 | Some regexes may run much more slowly when run in a child thread compared |
2469 | with the thread the pattern was compiled into [RT #55600]. |
2470 | |
2471 | =item * |
2472 | |
3ab3a109 |
2473 | Untriaged test crashes on Windows 2000 |
2474 | |
2475 | Several porters have reported mysterious crashes when Perl's entire test suite is run after a build on certain Windows 2000 systems. When run by hand, the individual tests reportedly work fine. |
2476 | |
2477 | =item * |
2478 | |
2479 | Known test failures on VMS |
2480 | |
2481 | Perl 5.11.1 fails a small set of core and CPAN tests as of this release. |
2482 | With luck, that'll be sorted out for 5.11.2 |
2483 | |
2484 | =item * |
2485 | |
2486 | Known test failures on VMS |
2487 | |
2488 | Perl 5.11.2 fails a small set of core and CPAN tests as of this |
2489 | release. With luck, that'll be sorted out for 5.11.3. |
2490 | |
2491 | =back |
2492 | |
2493 | =head1 Acknowledgements |
2494 | |
2495 | Perl 5.12.0 represents approximately two years of development since |
2496 | Perl 5.10.0 and contains __ lines of changes across ___ files |
2497 | from __ authors and committers: |
2498 | |
2499 | XXX TODO LIST |
2500 | |
2501 | Many of the changes included in this version originated in the CPAN |
2502 | modules included in Perl's core. We're grateful to the entire CPAN |
2503 | community for helping Perl to flourish. |
2504 | |
2505 | =head1 Reporting Bugs |
2506 | |
2507 | If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the articles |
2508 | recently posted to the comp.lang.perl.misc newsgroup and the perl |
2509 | bug database at L<http://rt.perl.org/perlbug/>. There may also be |
2510 | information at L<http://www.perl.org/>, the Perl Home Page. |
2511 | |
2512 | If you believe you have an unreported bug, please run the B<perlbug> |
2513 | program included with your release. Be sure to trim your bug down |
2514 | to a tiny but sufficient test case. Your bug report, along with the |
2515 | output of C<perl -V>, will be sent off to perlbug@perl.org to be |
2516 | analyzed by the Perl porting team. |
2517 | |
2518 | If the bug you are reporting has security implications, which make it |
2519 | inappropriate to send to a publicly archived mailing list, then please send |
2520 | it to perl5-security-report@perl.org. This points to a closed subscription |
2521 | unarchived mailing list, which includes all the core committers, who be able |
2522 | to help assess the impact of issues, figure out a resolution, and help |
2523 | co-ordinate the release of patches to mitigate or fix the problem across all |
2524 | platforms on which Perl is supported. Please only use this address for |
2525 | security issues in the Perl core, not for modules independently |
2526 | distributed on CPAN. |
2527 | |
2528 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
2529 | |
2530 | The F<Changes> file for an explanation of how to view exhaustive details |
2531 | on what changed. |
2532 | |
2533 | The F<INSTALL> file for how to build Perl. |
2534 | |
2535 | The F<README> file for general stuff. |
2536 | |
2537 | The F<Artistic> and F<Copying> files for copyright information. |
2538 | |
2539 | =cut |