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1 | package SQL::Translator::Parser::XML::XMI::SQLFairy; |
2 | |
3 | # ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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4 | # $Id: SQLFairy.pm,v 1.2 2003-10-13 17:05:55 grommit Exp $ |
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5 | # ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
6 | # Copyright (C) 2003 Mark Addison <mark.addison@itn.co.uk>, |
7 | # |
8 | # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or |
9 | # modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as |
10 | # published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2. |
11 | # |
12 | # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but |
13 | # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
14 | # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU |
15 | # General Public License for more details. |
16 | # |
17 | # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
18 | # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software |
19 | # Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA |
20 | # 02111-1307 USA |
21 | # ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
22 | |
23 | =head1 NAME |
24 | |
25 | SQL::Translator::Parser::XML::XMI::SQLFairy - Create Schema from UML Models. |
26 | |
27 | =cut |
28 | |
29 | use strict; |
30 | |
31 | use vars qw[ $DEBUG $VERSION @EXPORT_OK ]; |
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32 | $VERSION = sprintf "%d.%02d", q$Revision: 1.2 $ =~ /(\d+)\.(\d+)/; |
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33 | $DEBUG = 0 unless defined $DEBUG; |
34 | use Exporter; |
35 | use base qw(Exporter); |
36 | @EXPORT_OK = qw(parse); |
37 | |
38 | use Data::Dumper; |
39 | use SQL::Translator::Parser::XML::XMI; |
40 | use SQL::Translator::Utils 'debug'; |
41 | |
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42 | # Globals for the subs to use, set in parse() and classes2schema() |
43 | # |
44 | # TODO Should we be giving classes2schema the schema or should they use their |
45 | # parse() to get it. Obj parsers maybe? |
46 | #our ($schema,$pargs); |
47 | use vars qw[ $schema $pargs ]; |
48 | |
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49 | # Set the parg for the conversion sub then use the XMI parser |
50 | sub parse { |
51 | my ( $translator ) = @_; |
52 | local $DEBUG = $translator->debug; |
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53 | local $pargs = $translator->parser_args; |
54 | #local $schema = $translator->schema; |
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55 | $pargs->{classes2schema} = \&classes2schema; |
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56 | $pargs->{derive_pkey} ||= "stereotype,auto,first"; |
57 | $pargs->{auto_pkey} ||= { |
58 | name => sub { |
59 | my $class = shift; |
60 | $class->{name}."ID"; |
61 | }, |
62 | data_type => "INT", |
63 | size => 10, |
64 | is_nullable => 0, |
65 | is_auto_increment => 1, |
66 | }; |
67 | |
68 | return SQL::Translator::Parser::XML::XMI::parse(@_); |
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69 | } |
70 | |
71 | |
72 | |
73 | # TODO We could make the tag names a parser arg so people can use their own. |
74 | my %TAGS; |
75 | $TAGS{data_type} = "sqlfDataType"; |
76 | $TAGS{size} = "sqlfSize"; |
77 | $TAGS{is_nullable} = "sqlfIsNullable"; |
78 | $TAGS{required} = "sqlfRequired"; |
79 | $TAGS{is_auto_increment} = "sqlfIsAutoIncrement"; |
80 | $TAGS{default_value} = "sqlfDefaultValue"; |
81 | |
82 | sub _parameters_in { |
83 | my $params = shift; |
84 | return grep {$_->{kind} ne "return"} @$params; |
85 | } |
86 | |
87 | sub _resolve_tag { |
88 | my ($tag, $things) = @_; |
89 | foreach (@$things) { |
90 | return $_->{_map_taggedValues}{$tag}{dataValue} |
91 | if exists $_->{_map_taggedValues}{$tag}{dataValue}; |
92 | } |
93 | return; |
94 | } |
95 | |
96 | |
97 | sub classes2schema { |
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98 | local $schema = shift; |
99 | my $classes = shift; |
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100 | |
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101 | # |
102 | # Create tablles from Classes and collect their associations |
103 | # |
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104 | my %associations; |
105 | foreach my $class (@$classes) { |
106 | # Add the table |
107 | debug "Adding class: $class->{name}"; |
108 | my $table = $schema->add_table( name => $class->{name} ) |
109 | or die "Schema Error: ".$schema->error; |
110 | |
111 | # Only collect the associations for classes that are tables. Use a hash |
112 | # so we only get them once |
113 | $associations{$_->{"xmi.id"}} = $_ |
114 | foreach map $_->{association}, @{$class->{associationEnds}}; |
115 | |
116 | # |
117 | # Fields from Class attributes |
118 | # |
119 | my @flds; |
120 | push @flds, attr2field($_) for @{$class->{attributes}}; |
121 | # TODO Filter this e.g no abstract attr or stereotype check |
122 | foreach (@flds) { |
123 | my $extra = delete $_->{extra}; |
124 | my $field = $table->add_field( %$_ ) or die $schema->error; |
125 | $field->extra(%$extra) if $extra; |
126 | } |
127 | |
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128 | # Add a pkey |
129 | add_pkey($class,$table); |
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130 | } |
131 | |
132 | # |
133 | # Relationships from Associations |
134 | # |
135 | foreach my $assoc (values %associations) { |
136 | my @end = @{$assoc->{associationEnds}}; |
137 | if ( |
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138 | $end[0]->{multiplicity}{rangeUpper} == 1 |
139 | && $end[1]->{multiplicity}{rangeUpper} == 1 |
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140 | ) { |
141 | # 1:1 or 0:1 |
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142 | warn "Sorry, 1:1 associations not yet implimented for xmi.id=".$assoc->{"xmi.id"}."\n"; |
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143 | } |
144 | elsif ( |
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145 | $end[0]->{multiplicity}{rangeUpper} == 1 |
146 | || $end[1]->{multiplicity}{rangeUpper} == 1 |
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147 | ) { |
148 | # 1:m or 0:m |
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149 | one2many($assoc); |
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150 | } |
151 | else |
152 | { |
153 | # m:n |
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154 | warn "Sorry, n:m associations not yet implimented for xmi.id=".$assoc->{"xmi.id"}."\n"; |
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155 | } |
156 | |
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157 | } |
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158 | |
159 | } |
160 | |
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161 | # Take an attribute and return the field data for it |
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162 | sub attr2field { |
163 | my $attr = shift; |
164 | my $dataType = $attr->{dataType}; |
165 | |
166 | my %data = ( name => $attr->{name} ); |
167 | |
168 | $data{data_type} |
169 | = _resolve_tag($TAGS{data_type},[$attr,$dataType]) |
170 | || $dataType->{name}; |
171 | |
172 | $data{size} = _resolve_tag($TAGS{size},[$attr,$dataType]); |
173 | |
174 | $data{default_value} |
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175 | = _resolve_tag($TAGS{default_value},[$attr,$dataType]) |
176 | || $attr->{initialValue}; |
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177 | |
178 | my $is_nullable = _resolve_tag($TAGS{is_nullable},[$attr,$dataType]); |
179 | my $required = _resolve_tag($TAGS{required},[$attr,$dataType]); |
180 | $data{is_nullable} |
181 | = defined $is_nullable ? $is_nullable |
182 | : ( defined $required ? ($required ? 0 : 1) : undef); |
183 | |
184 | $data{is_auto_increment} |
185 | = $attr->{_map_taggedValues}{$TAGS{is_auto_increment}}{dataValue} |
186 | || $dataType->{_map_taggedValues}{$TAGS{is_auto_increment}}{dataValue} |
187 | || undef; |
188 | |
189 | # |
190 | # Extras |
191 | # |
192 | my %tagnames; |
193 | foreach ( keys %{$attr->{_map_taggedValues}} ) {$tagnames{$_}++; } |
194 | delete @tagnames{@TAGS{qw/data_type size default_value is_nullable required is_auto_increment/}}; # Remove the tags we have already done |
195 | my %extra = map { |
196 | my $val = $attr->{_map_taggedValues}{$_}{dataValue}; |
197 | s/^sqlf//; |
198 | ($_,$val); |
199 | } keys %tagnames; |
200 | $data{extra} = \%extra; |
201 | |
202 | return \%data; |
203 | } |
204 | |
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205 | # Add a pkey to a table for the class |
206 | sub add_pkey { |
207 | my ($class,$table) = @_; |
208 | |
209 | my @pkeys; |
210 | foreach ( split(",", $pargs->{derive_pkey}) ) { |
211 | if ( $_ eq "stereotype" ) { |
212 | @pkeys = map $_->{name}, |
213 | grep($_->{stereotype} eq "PK", @{$class->{attributes}}); |
214 | } |
215 | elsif( $_ eq "first" ) { |
216 | @pkeys = $class->{attributes}[0]{name} unless @pkeys; |
217 | } |
218 | elsif( $_ eq "auto" ) { |
219 | if ( my %data = %{$pargs->{auto_pkey}} ) { |
220 | $data{name} = $data{name}->($class,$table); |
221 | my $field = $table->add_field(%data) or die $table->error; |
222 | @pkeys = $field->name; |
223 | } |
224 | } |
225 | last if @pkeys; |
226 | } |
227 | |
228 | $table->add_constraint( |
229 | type => "PRIMARY KEY", |
230 | fields => [@pkeys], |
231 | ) or die $table->error; |
232 | } |
233 | |
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234 | # Maps a 1:M association into the schema |
235 | sub one2many { |
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236 | my ($assoc) = @_; |
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237 | my @ends = @{$assoc->{associationEnds}}; |
238 | my ($end1) = grep $_->{multiplicity}{rangeUpper} == 1, @ends; |
239 | my $endm = $end1->{otherEnd}; |
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240 | my $table1 = $schema->get_table($end1->{participant}{name}); |
241 | my $tablem = $schema->get_table($endm->{participant}{name}); |
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242 | |
243 | # |
244 | # Export 1end pkey to many end |
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245 | # |
246 | my $con = $table1->primary_key; |
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247 | my @flds = $con->fields; |
248 | foreach (@flds) { |
249 | my $fld = $table1->get_field($_); |
250 | my %data; |
251 | $data{$_} = $fld->$_() |
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252 | foreach (qw/name size data_type default_value is_nullable/); |
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253 | $data{extra} = { $fld->extra }; # Copy extra hash |
254 | $data{is_unique} = 0; # FKey on many join so not unique |
255 | $data{is_nullable} = $end1->{multiplicity}{rangeLower} == 0 ? 1 : 0; |
256 | # 0:m - allow nulluable on fkey |
257 | # 1:m - dont allow nullable |
258 | |
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259 | $tablem->add_field(%data) or die $tablem->error; |
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260 | # Export the pkey if full composite (ie identity) relationship |
261 | $tablem->primary_key($_) if $end1->{aggregation} eq "composite"; |
262 | } |
263 | |
264 | # |
265 | # Add fkey constraint to many end |
266 | # |
267 | $tablem->add_constraint( |
268 | type => "FOREIGN_KEY", |
269 | fields => [@flds], |
270 | reference_table => $table1->{name}, |
271 | reference_fields => [@flds], |
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272 | ) or die $schema->error; |
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273 | } |
274 | |
275 | 1; #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
276 | |
277 | __END__ |
278 | |
279 | =pod |
280 | |
281 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
282 | |
283 | use SQL::Translator; |
284 | use SQL::Translator::Parser::XML::XMI; |
285 | |
286 | my $translator = SQL::Translator->new( |
287 | from => 'XML-XMI-SQLFairy', |
288 | to => 'MySQL', |
289 | filename => 'schema.xmi', |
290 | ); |
291 | |
292 | print $obj->translate; |
293 | |
294 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
295 | |
296 | Converts Class diagrams to Schema trying to use standard UML features as much |
297 | as possible, with the minimum use of extension mechanisms (tagged values and |
298 | stereotypes) for the database details. The idea is to treat the object model |
299 | like a logical database model and map that to a physical model (the sql). Also |
300 | tries to make this mapping as configurable as possible and support all the |
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301 | schema features of SQLFairy. |
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302 | |
303 | =head2 Tables |
304 | |
305 | Classes, all of them! (TODO More control over which tables to do.) |
306 | |
307 | =head2 Fields |
308 | |
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309 | The attributes of the class will be converted to fields of the same name. |
310 | |
311 | =head3 Datatypes |
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312 | |
313 | Database datatypes are modeled using tagged values; sqlfDataType, |
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314 | sqlfSize, sqlfIsNullable and sqlfIsAutoIncrement added to the attribute. |
315 | The default value is the UML initial value of the attribute or can be overridden |
316 | using a sqlfDefaultValue tagged value if you want to have a different default |
317 | in the database then the object uses. |
318 | |
319 | For more advanced datatype modeling you can use UML data types by adding the |
320 | tagged values to the UML data types in your model and then giving your |
321 | attributes those datatypes. Any tagged values set on attributes will override |
322 | any they get from their datatype. This allows you to use UML datatypes like |
323 | domains. If no sqlfDataType is given then the name of the UMLDataType is used. |
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324 | |
325 | =head3 Primary Keys |
326 | |
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327 | If no attribute is marked explicity on the Class as a pkey then one is added. |
328 | The default is an INT(10) auto number named after the class with ID on the end. |
329 | For many cases this is enough as you don't normally need to model pkeys |
330 | explicitly in your object models as its a database thing. |
331 | |
332 | The pkey created can be controlled by setting the C<auto_pkey> parser arg to a |
333 | hash ref describing the field. The name key is a sub that gets given a ref to |
334 | the class (from the xmi) and the table it has been mapped to, and should return the pkey name. e.g. the defualt looks like; |
335 | |
336 | { |
337 | name => sub { |
338 | my $class = shift; |
339 | $class->{name}."ID"; |
340 | }, |
341 | data_type => "INT", |
342 | size => 10, |
343 | is_nullable => 0, |
344 | is_auto_increment => 1, |
345 | } |
346 | |
347 | NB You need to return a unique name for the key if it will be used to build |
348 | relationships as it will be exported to other tables (see Relationships). |
349 | |
350 | You can also set them explicitly by marking attributes with a <<PK>> stereotype. |
351 | Add to multiple attribs to make multi column keys. Usefull when your object |
352 | contains an attribute that makes a good candidate for a pkey, e.g. email. |
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353 | |
354 | =head2 Relationships |
355 | |
356 | Modeled using UML associations. Currently only handles 0:m and 1:m joins. That |
357 | is associations where one ends multiplicty is '1' or '0..1' and the other end's |
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358 | multplicity is more than 1 e.g '*', '0..*', '1..*', '0..3', '4..42' etc. |
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359 | |
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360 | The pkey field from the 1 end is added to the table for the class at the many |
361 | end as a foreign key with is_unique and auto number turned off. |
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362 | |
363 | If the 1 end is multiplicity '0..1' (ie a 0:m join) then the the fkey is made |
364 | nullable, if its multiplicity '1' (1:m) then its made not nullable. |
365 | |
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366 | If the association is a composition then the created fkey is made part of the |
367 | many ends pkey. ie It exports the pkey to create an identity join. |
368 | |
369 | =head1 EXAMPLE |
370 | |
371 | TODO An example to help make sense of the above! Probably based on the test. |
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372 | |
373 | =head1 ARGS |
374 | |
375 | =head1 BUGS |
376 | |
377 | =head1 TODO |
378 | |
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379 | 1:1 and m:m joins. |
380 | |
381 | Generalizations. |
382 | |
383 | Support for the format_X_name subs in the Translator. |
384 | |
385 | Lots more... |
386 | |
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387 | =head1 AUTHOR |
388 | |
389 | Mark D. Addison E<lt>mark.addison@itn.co.ukE<gt>. |
390 | |
391 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
392 | |
393 | perl(1), SQL::Translator::Parser::XML::XMI |
394 | |
395 | =cut |