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1 | package Moo; |
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2 | |
3 | use strictures 1; |
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4 | use Moo::_Utils; |
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5 | |
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6 | our $VERSION = '0.009002'; |
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7 | $VERSION = eval $VERSION; |
8 | |
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9 | our %MAKERS; |
10 | |
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11 | sub import { |
12 | my $target = caller; |
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13 | my $class = shift; |
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14 | strictures->import; |
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15 | return if $MAKERS{$target}; # already exported into this package |
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16 | *{_getglob("${target}::extends")} = sub { |
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17 | _load_module($_) for @_; |
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18 | # Can't do *{...} = \@_ or 5.10.0's mro.pm stops seeing @ISA |
19 | @{*{_getglob("${target}::ISA")}{ARRAY}} = @_; |
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20 | }; |
21 | *{_getglob("${target}::with")} = sub { |
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22 | require Moo::Role; |
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23 | die "Only one role supported at a time by with" if @_ > 1; |
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24 | Moo::Role->apply_role_to_package($target, $_[0]); |
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25 | }; |
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26 | $MAKERS{$target} = {}; |
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27 | *{_getglob("${target}::has")} = sub { |
28 | my ($name, %spec) = @_; |
29 | ($MAKERS{$target}{accessor} ||= do { |
30 | require Method::Generate::Accessor; |
31 | Method::Generate::Accessor->new |
32 | })->generate_method($target, $name, \%spec); |
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33 | $class->_constructor_maker_for($target) |
34 | ->register_attribute_specs($name, \%spec); |
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35 | }; |
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36 | foreach my $type (qw(before after around)) { |
37 | *{_getglob "${target}::${type}"} = sub { |
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38 | require Class::Method::Modifiers; |
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39 | _install_modifier($target, $type, @_); |
40 | }; |
41 | } |
42 | { |
43 | no strict 'refs'; |
44 | @{"${target}::ISA"} = do { |
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45 | require Moo::Object; ('Moo::Object'); |
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46 | } unless @{"${target}::ISA"}; |
47 | } |
48 | } |
49 | |
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50 | sub _constructor_maker_for { |
51 | my ($class, $target) = @_; |
52 | return unless $MAKERS{$target}; |
53 | $MAKERS{$target}{constructor} ||= do { |
54 | require Method::Generate::Constructor; |
55 | Method::Generate::Constructor |
56 | ->new( |
57 | package => $target, |
58 | accessor_generator => do { |
59 | require Method::Generate::Accessor; |
60 | Method::Generate::Accessor->new; |
61 | } |
62 | ) |
63 | ->install_delayed |
64 | ->register_attribute_specs(do { |
65 | my @spec; |
5d349892 |
66 | # using the -last- entry in @ISA means that classes created by |
67 | # Role::Tiny as N roles + superclass will still get the attributes |
68 | # from the superclass |
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69 | if (my $super = do { no strict 'refs'; ${"${target}::ISA"}[-1] }) { |
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70 | if (my $con = $MAKERS{$super}{constructor}) { |
71 | @spec = %{$con->all_attribute_specs}; |
72 | } |
73 | } |
74 | @spec; |
75 | }); |
76 | } |
77 | } |
78 | |
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79 | 1; |
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80 | |
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81 | =head1 NAME |
82 | |
83 | Moo - Minimalist Object Orientation (with Moose compatiblity) |
84 | |
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85 | =head1 WARNING WARNING WARNING |
86 | |
87 | This is a 0.9 release because we're fairly sure it works. For us. Until it's |
88 | tested in the wild, we make no guarantees it also works for you. |
89 | |
90 | If this module does something unexpected, please submit a failing test. |
91 | |
92 | But if it eats your cat, sleeps with your boyfriend, or pushes grandma down |
93 | the stairs to save her from the terrible secret of space, it's not our fault. |
94 | |
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95 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
96 | |
97 | package Cat::Food; |
98 | |
99 | use Moo; |
100 | use Sub::Quote; |
101 | |
102 | sub feed_lion { |
103 | my $self = shift; |
104 | my $amount = shift || 1; |
105 | |
106 | $self->pounds( $self->pounds - $amount ); |
107 | } |
108 | |
109 | has taste => ( |
110 | is => 'ro', |
111 | ); |
112 | |
113 | has brand => ( |
114 | is => 'ro', |
115 | isa => sub { |
116 | die "Only SWEET-TREATZ supported!" unless $_[0] eq 'SWEET-TREATZ' |
117 | }, |
118 | ); |
119 | |
120 | has pounds => ( |
121 | is => 'rw', |
122 | isa => quote_sub q{ die "$_[0] is too much cat food!" unless $_[0] < 15 }, |
123 | ); |
124 | |
125 | 1; |
126 | |
127 | and else where |
128 | |
129 | my $full = Cat::Food->new( |
130 | taste => 'DELICIOUS.', |
131 | brand => 'SWEET-TREATZ', |
132 | pounds => 10, |
133 | ); |
134 | |
135 | $full->feed_lion; |
136 | |
137 | say $full->pounds; |
138 | |
139 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
140 | |
141 | This module is an extremely light-weight, high-performance L<Moose> replacement. |
142 | It also avoids depending on any XS modules to allow simple deployments. The |
143 | name C<Moo> is based on the idea that it provides almost -but not quite- two |
144 | thirds of L<Moose>. |
145 | |
146 | Unlike C<Mouse> this module does not aim at full L<Moose> compatibility. See |
147 | L</INCOMPATIBILITIES> for more details. |
148 | |
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149 | =head1 WHY MOO EXISTS |
150 | |
151 | If you want a full object system with a rich Metaprotocol, L<Moose> is |
152 | already wonderful. |
153 | |
154 | I've tried several times to use L<Mouse> but it's 3x the size of Moo and |
155 | takes longer to load than most of my Moo based CGI scripts take to run. |
156 | |
157 | If you don't want L<Moose>, you don't want "less metaprotocol" like L<Mouse>, |
158 | you want "as little as possible" - which means "no metaprotocol", which is |
159 | what Moo provides. |
160 | |
161 | By Moo 1.0 I intend to have Moo's equivalent of L<Any::Moose> built in - |
162 | if Moose gets loaded, any Moo class or role will act as a Moose equivalent |
163 | if treated as such. |
164 | |
165 | Hence - Moo exists as its name - Minimal Object Orientation - with a pledge |
166 | to make it smooth to upgrade to L<Moose> when you need more than minimal |
167 | features. |
168 | |
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169 | =head1 IMPORTED METHODS |
170 | |
171 | =head2 new |
172 | |
173 | Foo::Bar->new( attr1 => 3 ); |
174 | |
175 | or |
176 | |
177 | Foo::Bar->new({ attr1 => 3 }); |
178 | |
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179 | =head2 BUILDARGS |
180 | |
181 | This feature from Moose is not yet supported. |
182 | |
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183 | =head2 BUILDALL |
184 | |
185 | Don't override (or probably even call) this method. Instead, you can define |
186 | a C<BUILD> method on your class and the constructor will automatically call the |
187 | C<BUILD> method from parent down to child after the object has been |
188 | instantiated. Typically this is used for object validation or possibly logging. |
189 | |
190 | =head2 does |
191 | |
192 | if ($foo->does('Some::Role1')) { |
193 | ... |
194 | } |
195 | |
196 | Returns true if the object composes in the passed role. |
197 | |
198 | =head1 IMPORTED SUBROUTINES |
199 | |
200 | =head2 extends |
201 | |
202 | extends 'Parent::Class'; |
203 | |
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204 | Declares base class. Multiple superclasses can be passed for multiple |
205 | inheritance (but please use roles instead). |
206 | |
207 | Calling extends more than once will REPLACE your superclasses, not add to |
208 | them like 'use base' would. |
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209 | |
210 | =head2 with |
211 | |
212 | with 'Some::Role1'; |
213 | with 'Some::Role2'; |
214 | |
215 | Composes a L<Role::Tiny> into current class. Only one role may be composed in |
216 | at a time to allow the code to remain as simple as possible. |
217 | |
218 | =head2 has |
219 | |
220 | has attr => ( |
221 | is => 'ro', |
222 | ); |
223 | |
224 | Declares an attribute for the class. |
225 | |
226 | The options for C<has> are as follows: |
227 | |
228 | =over 2 |
229 | |
230 | =item * is |
231 | |
232 | B<required>, must be C<ro> or C<rw>. Unsurprisingly, C<ro> generates an |
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233 | accessor that will not respond to arguments; to be clear: a getter only. C<rw> |
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234 | will create a perlish getter/setter. |
235 | |
236 | =item * isa |
237 | |
238 | Takes a coderef which is meant to validate the attribute. Unlike L<Moose> Moo |
239 | does not include a basic type system, so instead of doing C<< isa => 'Num' >>, |
240 | one should do |
241 | |
242 | isa => quote_sub q{ |
243 | die "$_[0] is not a number!" unless looks_like_number $_[0] |
244 | }, |
245 | |
246 | L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE> |
247 | |
248 | =item * coerce |
249 | |
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250 | This Moose feature is not yet supported |
251 | |
252 | =begin hide |
253 | |
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254 | Takes a coderef which is meant to coerce the attribute. The basic idea is to |
255 | do something like the following: |
256 | |
257 | coerce => quote_sub q{ |
258 | $_[0] + 1 unless $_[0] % 2 |
259 | }, |
260 | |
261 | L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE> |
262 | |
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263 | =end hide |
264 | |
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265 | =item * trigger |
266 | |
267 | Takes a coderef which will get called any time the attribute is set. Coderef |
268 | will be invoked against the object with the new value as an argument. |
269 | |
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270 | Note that Moose also passes the old value, if any; this feature is not yet |
271 | supported. |
272 | |
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273 | L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE> |
274 | |
275 | =item * default |
276 | |
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277 | Takes a coderef which will get called with $self as its only argument |
278 | to populate an attribute if no value is supplied to the constructor - or |
279 | if the attribute is lazy, when the attribute is first retrieved if no |
280 | value has yet been provided. |
281 | |
282 | Note that if your default is fired during new() there is no guarantee that |
283 | other attributes have been populated yet so you should not rely on their |
284 | existence. |
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285 | |
286 | L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE> |
287 | |
288 | =item * predicate |
289 | |
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290 | Takes a method name which will return true if an attribute has a value. |
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291 | |
292 | A common example of this would be to call it C<has_$foo>, implying that the |
293 | object has a C<$foo> set. |
294 | |
295 | =item * builder |
296 | |
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297 | Takes a method name which will be called to create the attribute - functions |
298 | exactly like default except that instead of calling |
299 | |
300 | $default->($self); |
301 | |
302 | Moo will call |
303 | |
304 | $self->$builder; |
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305 | |
306 | =item * clearer |
307 | |
308 | Takes a method name which will clear the attribute. |
309 | |
310 | =item * lazy |
311 | |
312 | B<Boolean>. Set this if you want values for the attribute to be grabbed |
313 | lazily. This is usually a good idea if you have a L</builder> which requires |
314 | another attribute to be set. |
315 | |
316 | =item * required |
317 | |
318 | B<Boolean>. Set this if the attribute must be passed on instantiation. |
319 | |
320 | =item * weak_ref |
321 | |
322 | B<Boolean>. Set this if you want the reference that the attribute contains to |
323 | be weakened; use this when circular references are possible, which will cause |
324 | leaks. |
325 | |
326 | =item * init_arg |
327 | |
328 | Takes the name of the key to look for at instantiation time of the object. A |
329 | common use of this is to make an underscored attribute have a non-underscored |
330 | initialization name. C<undef> means that passing the value in on instantiation |
331 | |
332 | =back |
333 | |
334 | =head2 before |
335 | |
336 | before foo => sub { ... }; |
337 | |
338 | See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/before method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full |
339 | documentation. |
340 | |
341 | =head2 around |
342 | |
343 | around foo => sub { ... }; |
344 | |
345 | See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/around method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full |
346 | documentation. |
347 | |
348 | =head2 after |
349 | |
350 | after foo => sub { ... }; |
351 | |
352 | See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/after method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full |
353 | documentation. |
354 | |
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355 | =head1 SUB QUOTE AWARE |
356 | |
357 | L<Sub::Quote/quote_sub> allows us to create coderefs that are "inlineable," |
358 | giving us a handy, XS-free speed boost. Any option that is L<Sub::Quote> |
359 | aware can take advantage of this. |
360 | |
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361 | =head1 INCOMPATIBILITIES WITH MOOSE |
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362 | |
363 | You can only compose one role at a time. If your application is large or |
364 | complex enough to warrant complex composition, you wanted L<Moose>. |
365 | |
366 | There is no complex type system. C<isa> is verified with a coderef, if you |
367 | need complex types, just make a library of coderefs, or better yet, functions |
368 | that return quoted subs. |
369 | |
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370 | C<initializer> is not supported in core since the author considers it to be a |
371 | bad idea but may be supported by an extension in future. |
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372 | |
373 | There is no meta object. If you need this level of complexity you wanted |
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374 | L<Moose> - Moo succeeds at being small because it explicitly does not |
375 | provide a metaprotocol. |
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376 | |
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377 | No support for C<super>, C<override>, C<inner>, or C<augment> - override can |
378 | be handled by around albeit with a little more typing, and the author considers |
379 | augment to be a bad idea. |
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380 | |
381 | L</default> only supports coderefs, because doing otherwise is usually a |
382 | mistake anyway. |
383 | |
384 | C<lazy_build> is not supported per se, but of course it will work if you |
385 | manually set all the options it implies. |
386 | |
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387 | C<auto_deref> is not supported since the author considers it a bad idea. |
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388 | |
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389 | C<documentation> is not supported since it's a very poor replacement for POD. |