Commit | Line | Data |
94b19069 |
1 | |
2 | package Class::MOP; |
3 | |
4 | use strict; |
5 | use warnings; |
6 | |
3cf322a0 |
7 | use MRO::Compat; |
8 | |
4c105333 |
9 | use Carp 'confess'; |
10 | use Scalar::Util 'weaken'; |
8b978dd5 |
11 | |
2eb717d5 |
12 | use Class::MOP::Class; |
13 | use Class::MOP::Attribute; |
14 | use Class::MOP::Method; |
15 | |
c23184fc |
16 | use Class::MOP::Immutable; |
857f87a7 |
17 | |
b1f5f41d |
18 | BEGIN { |
9b522fc4 |
19 | our $VERSION = '0.59'; |
b1f5f41d |
20 | our $AUTHORITY = 'cpan:STEVAN'; |
21 | |
11b56828 |
22 | *IS_RUNNING_ON_5_10 = ($] < 5.009_005) |
23 | ? sub () { 0 } |
4c105333 |
24 | : sub () { 1 }; |
46b23b44 |
25 | |
4c105333 |
26 | # NOTE: |
27 | # we may not use this yet, but once |
28 | # the get_code_info XS gets merged |
29 | # upstream to it, we will always use |
30 | # it. But for now it is just kinda |
31 | # extra overhead. |
32 | # - SL |
33 | require Sub::Identify; |
34 | |
35 | # stash these for a sec, and see how things go |
36 | my $_PP_subname = sub { $_[1] }; |
a982eca7 |
37 | my $_PP_get_code_info = \&Sub::Identify::get_code_info; |
4c105333 |
38 | |
e2d4fc55 |
39 | if ($ENV{CLASS_MOP_NO_XS}) { |
4c105333 |
40 | # NOTE: |
41 | # this is if you really want things |
42 | # to be slow, then you can force the |
43 | # no-XS rule this way, otherwise we |
44 | # make an effort to load as much of |
45 | # the XS as possible. |
46 | # - SL |
47 | no warnings 'prototype', 'redefine'; |
6c34db07 |
48 | |
49 | unless (IS_RUNNING_ON_5_10()) { |
50 | # get this from MRO::Compat ... |
51 | *check_package_cache_flag = \&MRO::Compat::__get_pkg_gen_pp; |
52 | } |
53 | else { |
54 | # NOTE: |
55 | # but if we are running 5.10 |
56 | # there is no need to use the |
57 | # Pure Perl version since we |
58 | # can use the built in mro |
59 | # version instead. |
60 | # - SL |
61 | *check_package_cache_flag = \&mro::get_pkg_gen; |
62 | } |
4c105333 |
63 | # our own version of Sub::Name |
64 | *subname = $_PP_subname; |
65 | # and the Sub::Identify version of the get_code_info |
66 | *get_code_info = $_PP_get_code_info; |
67 | } |
68 | else { |
69 | # now try our best to get as much |
70 | # of the XS loaded as possible |
71 | { |
72 | local $@; |
73 | eval { |
74 | require XSLoader; |
75 | XSLoader::load( 'Class::MOP', $VERSION ); |
76 | }; |
77 | die $@ if $@ && $@ !~ /object version|loadable object/; |
78 | |
79 | # okay, so the XS failed to load, so |
80 | # use the pure perl one instead. |
81 | *get_code_info = $_PP_get_code_info if $@; |
82 | } |
83 | |
84 | # get it from MRO::Compat |
85 | *check_package_cache_flag = \&mro::get_pkg_gen; |
86 | |
87 | # now try and load the Sub::Name |
88 | # module and use that as a means |
89 | # for naming our CVs, if not, we |
90 | # use the workaround instead. |
91 | if ( eval { require Sub::Name } ) { |
6c34db07 |
92 | *subname = \&Sub::Name::subname; |
4c105333 |
93 | } |
94 | else { |
95 | *subname = $_PP_subname; |
96 | } |
97 | } |
b1f5f41d |
98 | } |
e0e4674a |
99 | |
be7677c7 |
100 | { |
101 | # Metaclasses are singletons, so we cache them here. |
102 | # there is no need to worry about destruction though |
103 | # because they should die only when the program dies. |
104 | # After all, do package definitions even get reaped? |
1d68af04 |
105 | my %METAS; |
106 | |
107 | # means of accessing all the metaclasses that have |
be7677c7 |
108 | # been initialized thus far (for mugwumps obj browser) |
1d68af04 |
109 | sub get_all_metaclasses { %METAS } |
110 | sub get_all_metaclass_instances { values %METAS } |
111 | sub get_all_metaclass_names { keys %METAS } |
be7677c7 |
112 | sub get_metaclass_by_name { $METAS{$_[0]} } |
1d68af04 |
113 | sub store_metaclass_by_name { $METAS{$_[0]} = $_[1] } |
114 | sub weaken_metaclass { weaken($METAS{$_[0]}) } |
be7677c7 |
115 | sub does_metaclass_exist { exists $METAS{$_[0]} && defined $METAS{$_[0]} } |
1d68af04 |
116 | sub remove_metaclass_by_name { $METAS{$_[0]} = undef } |
117 | |
be7677c7 |
118 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
119 | # We only cache metaclasses, meaning instances of |
120 | # Class::MOP::Class. We do not cache instance of |
be7677c7 |
121 | # Class::MOP::Package or Class::MOP::Module. Mostly |
1d68af04 |
122 | # because I don't yet see a good reason to do so. |
be7677c7 |
123 | } |
124 | |
448b6e55 |
125 | sub load_class { |
126 | my $class = shift; |
1d68af04 |
127 | # see if this is already |
448b6e55 |
128 | # loaded in the symbol table |
129 | return 1 if is_class_loaded($class); |
130 | # otherwise require it ... |
131 | my $file = $class . '.pm'; |
132 | $file =~ s{::}{/}g; |
133 | eval { CORE::require($file) }; |
134 | confess "Could not load class ($class) because : $@" if $@; |
135 | unless (does_metaclass_exist($class)) { |
136 | eval { Class::MOP::Class->initialize($class) }; |
1d68af04 |
137 | confess "Could not initialize class ($class) because : $@" if $@; |
448b6e55 |
138 | } |
139 | 1; # return true if it worked |
140 | } |
141 | |
142 | sub is_class_loaded { |
c1d5345a |
143 | my $class = shift; |
26fcef27 |
144 | |
145 | return 0 if ref($class) || !defined($class) || !length($class); |
146 | |
147 | # walk the symbol table tree to avoid autovififying |
148 | # \*{${main::}{"Foo::"}} == \*main::Foo:: |
149 | |
150 | my $pack = \*::; |
151 | foreach my $part (split('::', $class)) { |
152 | return 0 unless exists ${$$pack}{"${part}::"}; |
153 | $pack = \*{${$$pack}{"${part}::"}}; |
c1d5345a |
154 | } |
26fcef27 |
155 | |
156 | # check for $VERSION or @ISA |
157 | return 1 if exists ${$$pack}{VERSION} |
158 | && defined *{${$$pack}{VERSION}}{SCALAR}; |
159 | return 1 if exists ${$$pack}{ISA} |
160 | && defined *{${$$pack}{ISA}}{ARRAY}; |
161 | |
162 | # check for any method |
163 | foreach ( keys %{$$pack} ) { |
164 | next if substr($_, -2, 2) eq '::'; |
165 | return 1 if defined *{${$$pack}{$_}}{CODE}; |
166 | } |
167 | |
168 | # fail |
c1d5345a |
169 | return 0; |
448b6e55 |
170 | } |
171 | |
172 | |
aa448b16 |
173 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
174 | ## Setting up our environment ... |
175 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
1d68af04 |
176 | ## Class::MOP needs to have a few things in the global perl environment so |
aa448b16 |
177 | ## that it can operate effectively. Those things are done here. |
178 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
179 | |
3bf7644b |
180 | # ... nothing yet actually ;) |
8b978dd5 |
181 | |
b51af7f9 |
182 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
1d68af04 |
183 | ## Bootstrapping |
b51af7f9 |
184 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
1d68af04 |
185 | ## The code below here is to bootstrap our MOP with itself. This is also |
b51af7f9 |
186 | ## sometimes called "tying the knot". By doing this, we make it much easier |
187 | ## to extend the MOP through subclassing and such since now you can use the |
1d68af04 |
188 | ## MOP itself to extend itself. |
189 | ## |
b51af7f9 |
190 | ## Yes, I know, thats weird and insane, but it's a good thing, trust me :) |
1d68af04 |
191 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
727919c5 |
192 | |
1d68af04 |
193 | # We need to add in the meta-attributes here so that |
194 | # any subclass of Class::MOP::* will be able to |
727919c5 |
195 | # inherit them using &construct_instance |
196 | |
f0480c45 |
197 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
6d5355c3 |
198 | ## Class::MOP::Package |
727919c5 |
199 | |
6d5355c3 |
200 | Class::MOP::Package->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
201 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!package' => ( |
b880e0de |
202 | reader => { |
1d68af04 |
203 | # NOTE: we need to do this in order |
204 | # for the instance meta-object to |
b880e0de |
205 | # not fall into meta-circular death |
1d68af04 |
206 | # |
ce2ae40f |
207 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
208 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
209 | 'name' => \&Class::MOP::Package::name |
b880e0de |
210 | }, |
c23184fc |
211 | init_arg => 'package', |
727919c5 |
212 | )) |
213 | ); |
214 | |
a5e51f0b |
215 | Class::MOP::Package->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
216 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('%!namespace' => ( |
a5e51f0b |
217 | reader => { |
56dcfc1a |
218 | # NOTE: |
ce2ae40f |
219 | # we just alias the original method |
220 | # rather than re-produce it here |
221 | 'namespace' => \&Class::MOP::Package::namespace |
a5e51f0b |
222 | }, |
2e877f58 |
223 | init_arg => undef, |
c4260b45 |
224 | default => sub { \undef } |
a5e51f0b |
225 | )) |
226 | ); |
227 | |
9d6dce77 |
228 | # NOTE: |
229 | # use the metaclass to construct the meta-package |
230 | # which is a superclass of the metaclass itself :P |
231 | Class::MOP::Package->meta->add_method('initialize' => sub { |
232 | my $class = shift; |
233 | my $package_name = shift; |
1d68af04 |
234 | $class->meta->new_object('package' => $package_name, @_); |
9d6dce77 |
235 | }); |
236 | |
f0480c45 |
237 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
238 | ## Class::MOP::Module |
239 | |
240 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
241 | # yeah this is kind of stretching things a bit, |
f0480c45 |
242 | # but truthfully the version should be an attribute |
1d68af04 |
243 | # of the Module, the weirdness comes from having to |
244 | # stick to Perl 5 convention and store it in the |
245 | # $VERSION package variable. Basically if you just |
246 | # squint at it, it will look how you want it to look. |
f0480c45 |
247 | # Either as a package variable, or as a attribute of |
248 | # the metaclass, isn't abstraction great :) |
249 | |
250 | Class::MOP::Module->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
251 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!version' => ( |
f0480c45 |
252 | reader => { |
ce2ae40f |
253 | # NOTE: |
254 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
255 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
256 | 'version' => \&Class::MOP::Module::version |
f0480c45 |
257 | }, |
2e877f58 |
258 | init_arg => undef, |
c4260b45 |
259 | default => sub { \undef } |
f0480c45 |
260 | )) |
261 | ); |
262 | |
263 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
264 | # By following the same conventions as version here, |
265 | # we are opening up the possibility that people can |
266 | # use the $AUTHORITY in non-Class::MOP modules as |
267 | # well. |
f0480c45 |
268 | |
269 | Class::MOP::Module->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
270 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!authority' => ( |
f0480c45 |
271 | reader => { |
ce2ae40f |
272 | # NOTE: |
273 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
274 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
275 | 'authority' => \&Class::MOP::Module::authority |
1d68af04 |
276 | }, |
2e877f58 |
277 | init_arg => undef, |
c4260b45 |
278 | default => sub { \undef } |
f0480c45 |
279 | )) |
280 | ); |
281 | |
282 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
6d5355c3 |
283 | ## Class::MOP::Class |
284 | |
727919c5 |
285 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
286 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('%!attributes' => ( |
f7259199 |
287 | reader => { |
1d68af04 |
288 | # NOTE: we need to do this in order |
289 | # for the instance meta-object to |
290 | # not fall into meta-circular death |
291 | # |
ce2ae40f |
292 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
293 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
294 | 'get_attribute_map' => \&Class::MOP::Class::get_attribute_map |
f7259199 |
295 | }, |
c23184fc |
296 | init_arg => 'attributes', |
727919c5 |
297 | default => sub { {} } |
298 | )) |
299 | ); |
300 | |
351bd7d4 |
301 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
302 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('%!methods' => ( |
303 | init_arg => 'methods', |
1d68af04 |
304 | reader => { |
ce2ae40f |
305 | # NOTE: |
306 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
307 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
308 | 'get_method_map' => \&Class::MOP::Class::get_method_map |
92330ee2 |
309 | }, |
7855ddba |
310 | default => sub { {} } |
c4260b45 |
311 | )) |
312 | ); |
313 | |
314 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
315 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('@!superclasses' => ( |
316 | accessor => { |
317 | # NOTE: |
318 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
319 | # rather than re-produce it here |
c23184fc |
320 | 'superclasses' => \&Class::MOP::Class::superclasses |
321 | }, |
2e877f58 |
322 | init_arg => undef, |
c23184fc |
323 | default => sub { \undef } |
324 | )) |
325 | ); |
326 | |
327 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
328 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!attribute_metaclass' => ( |
1d68af04 |
329 | reader => { |
6d2118a4 |
330 | # NOTE: |
331 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
332 | # rather than re-produce it here |
6d2118a4 |
333 | 'attribute_metaclass' => \&Class::MOP::Class::attribute_metaclass |
1d68af04 |
334 | }, |
c23184fc |
335 | init_arg => 'attribute_metaclass', |
351bd7d4 |
336 | default => 'Class::MOP::Attribute', |
337 | )) |
338 | ); |
339 | |
340 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
341 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!method_metaclass' => ( |
1d68af04 |
342 | reader => { |
6d2118a4 |
343 | # NOTE: |
344 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
345 | # rather than re-produce it here |
6d2118a4 |
346 | 'method_metaclass' => \&Class::MOP::Class::method_metaclass |
347 | }, |
c23184fc |
348 | init_arg => 'method_metaclass', |
1d68af04 |
349 | default => 'Class::MOP::Method', |
351bd7d4 |
350 | )) |
351 | ); |
352 | |
2bab2be6 |
353 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
354 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!instance_metaclass' => ( |
b880e0de |
355 | reader => { |
1d68af04 |
356 | # NOTE: we need to do this in order |
357 | # for the instance meta-object to |
358 | # not fall into meta-circular death |
359 | # |
ce2ae40f |
360 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
361 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
362 | 'instance_metaclass' => \&Class::MOP::Class::instance_metaclass |
b880e0de |
363 | }, |
c23184fc |
364 | init_arg => 'instance_metaclass', |
1d68af04 |
365 | default => 'Class::MOP::Instance', |
2bab2be6 |
366 | )) |
367 | ); |
368 | |
9d6dce77 |
369 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
370 | # we don't actually need to tie the knot with |
371 | # Class::MOP::Class here, it is actually handled |
372 | # within Class::MOP::Class itself in the |
373 | # construct_class_instance method. |
9d6dce77 |
374 | |
f0480c45 |
375 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
727919c5 |
376 | ## Class::MOP::Attribute |
377 | |
7b31baf4 |
378 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
379 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!name' => ( |
380 | init_arg => 'name', |
381 | reader => { |
1d68af04 |
382 | # NOTE: we need to do this in order |
383 | # for the instance meta-object to |
384 | # not fall into meta-circular death |
385 | # |
ce2ae40f |
386 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
387 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
388 | 'name' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::name |
b880e0de |
389 | } |
7b31baf4 |
390 | )) |
391 | ); |
392 | |
393 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
394 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!associated_class' => ( |
395 | init_arg => 'associated_class', |
396 | reader => { |
1d68af04 |
397 | # NOTE: we need to do this in order |
398 | # for the instance meta-object to |
399 | # not fall into meta-circular death |
400 | # |
ce2ae40f |
401 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
402 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
403 | 'associated_class' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::associated_class |
b880e0de |
404 | } |
7b31baf4 |
405 | )) |
406 | ); |
407 | |
408 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
409 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!accessor' => ( |
410 | init_arg => 'accessor', |
6d2118a4 |
411 | reader => { 'accessor' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::accessor }, |
412 | predicate => { 'has_accessor' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_accessor }, |
7b31baf4 |
413 | )) |
414 | ); |
415 | |
416 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
417 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!reader' => ( |
418 | init_arg => 'reader', |
6d2118a4 |
419 | reader => { 'reader' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::reader }, |
420 | predicate => { 'has_reader' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_reader }, |
7b31baf4 |
421 | )) |
422 | ); |
423 | |
424 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
0ab65f99 |
425 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!initializer' => ( |
426 | init_arg => 'initializer', |
8ee74136 |
427 | reader => { 'initializer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::initializer }, |
428 | predicate => { 'has_initializer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_initializer }, |
0ab65f99 |
429 | )) |
430 | ); |
431 | |
432 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
433 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!writer' => ( |
434 | init_arg => 'writer', |
6d2118a4 |
435 | reader => { 'writer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::writer }, |
436 | predicate => { 'has_writer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_writer }, |
7b31baf4 |
437 | )) |
438 | ); |
439 | |
440 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
441 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!predicate' => ( |
442 | init_arg => 'predicate', |
6d2118a4 |
443 | reader => { 'predicate' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::predicate }, |
444 | predicate => { 'has_predicate' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_predicate }, |
7b31baf4 |
445 | )) |
446 | ); |
447 | |
448 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
449 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!clearer' => ( |
450 | init_arg => 'clearer', |
6d2118a4 |
451 | reader => { 'clearer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::clearer }, |
452 | predicate => { 'has_clearer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_clearer }, |
7d28758b |
453 | )) |
454 | ); |
455 | |
456 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
1d68af04 |
457 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!builder' => ( |
458 | init_arg => 'builder', |
459 | reader => { 'builder' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::builder }, |
460 | predicate => { 'has_builder' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_builder }, |
461 | )) |
462 | ); |
463 | |
464 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
465 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!init_arg' => ( |
466 | init_arg => 'init_arg', |
6d2118a4 |
467 | reader => { 'init_arg' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::init_arg }, |
468 | predicate => { 'has_init_arg' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_init_arg }, |
7b31baf4 |
469 | )) |
470 | ); |
471 | |
472 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
473 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!default' => ( |
474 | init_arg => 'default', |
7b31baf4 |
475 | # default has a custom 'reader' method ... |
1d68af04 |
476 | predicate => { 'has_default' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_default }, |
7b31baf4 |
477 | )) |
478 | ); |
479 | |
3545c727 |
480 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
481 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('@!associated_methods' => ( |
482 | init_arg => 'associated_methods', |
483 | reader => { 'associated_methods' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::associated_methods }, |
1d68af04 |
484 | default => sub { [] } |
3545c727 |
485 | )) |
486 | ); |
727919c5 |
487 | |
488 | # NOTE: (meta-circularity) |
489 | # This should be one of the last things done |
490 | # it will "tie the knot" with Class::MOP::Attribute |
1d68af04 |
491 | # so that it uses the attributes meta-objects |
492 | # to construct itself. |
727919c5 |
493 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_method('new' => sub { |
494 | my $class = shift; |
495 | my $name = shift; |
1d68af04 |
496 | my %options = @_; |
497 | |
727919c5 |
498 | (defined $name && $name) |
499 | || confess "You must provide a name for the attribute"; |
1d68af04 |
500 | $options{init_arg} = $name |
5659d76e |
501 | if not exists $options{init_arg}; |
1d68af04 |
502 | |
503 | if(exists $options{builder}){ |
504 | confess("builder must be a defined scalar value which is a method name") |
505 | if ref $options{builder} || !(defined $options{builder}); |
506 | confess("Setting both default and builder is not allowed.") |
507 | if exists $options{default}; |
8fe581e5 |
508 | } else { |
509 | (Class::MOP::Attribute::is_default_a_coderef(\%options)) |
510 | || confess("References are not allowed as default values, you must ". |
3c0a8087 |
511 | "wrap the default of '$name' in a CODE reference (ex: sub { [] } and not [])") |
8fe581e5 |
512 | if exists $options{default} && ref $options{default}; |
1d68af04 |
513 | } |
5659d76e |
514 | # return the new object |
515 | $class->meta->new_object(name => $name, %options); |
516 | }); |
517 | |
518 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_method('clone' => sub { |
a740253a |
519 | my $self = shift; |
1d68af04 |
520 | $self->meta->clone_object($self, @_); |
727919c5 |
521 | }); |
522 | |
f0480c45 |
523 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
b6164407 |
524 | ## Class::MOP::Method |
525 | |
526 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
527 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('&!body' => ( |
528 | init_arg => 'body', |
529 | reader => { 'body' => \&Class::MOP::Method::body }, |
b6164407 |
530 | )) |
531 | ); |
532 | |
4c105333 |
533 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_attribute( |
534 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!package_name' => ( |
535 | init_arg => 'package_name', |
536 | reader => { 'package_name' => \&Class::MOP::Method::package_name }, |
537 | )) |
538 | ); |
539 | |
540 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_attribute( |
541 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!name' => ( |
542 | init_arg => 'name', |
543 | reader => { 'name' => \&Class::MOP::Method::name }, |
544 | )) |
545 | ); |
546 | |
547 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_method('wrap' => sub { |
548 | my $class = shift; |
549 | my $code = shift; |
550 | my %options = @_; |
551 | |
9b522fc4 |
552 | ('CODE' eq ref($code)) |
4c105333 |
553 | || confess "You must supply a CODE reference to bless, not (" . ($code || 'undef') . ")"; |
554 | |
b38f3848 |
555 | ($options{package_name} && $options{name}) |
556 | || confess "You must supply the package_name and name parameters"; |
557 | |
4c105333 |
558 | # return the new object |
559 | $class->meta->new_object(body => $code, %options); |
560 | }); |
561 | |
562 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_method('clone' => sub { |
563 | my $self = shift; |
564 | $self->meta->clone_object($self, @_); |
565 | }); |
566 | |
b6164407 |
567 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
568 | ## Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped |
569 | |
570 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
571 | # the way this item is initialized, this |
572 | # really does not follow the standard |
573 | # practices of attributes, but we put |
b6164407 |
574 | # it here for completeness |
575 | Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
576 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('%!modifier_table') |
b6164407 |
577 | ); |
578 | |
579 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
565f0cbb |
580 | ## Class::MOP::Method::Generated |
581 | |
582 | Class::MOP::Method::Generated->meta->add_attribute( |
583 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!is_inline' => ( |
584 | init_arg => 'is_inline', |
585 | reader => { 'is_inline' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Generated::is_inline }, |
4c105333 |
586 | default => 0, |
1d68af04 |
587 | )) |
565f0cbb |
588 | ); |
589 | |
4c105333 |
590 | Class::MOP::Method::Generated->meta->add_method('new' => sub { |
591 | my ($class, %options) = @_; |
b38f3848 |
592 | ($options{package_name} && $options{name}) |
593 | || confess "You must supply the package_name and name parameters"; |
4c105333 |
594 | my $self = $class->meta->new_object(%options); |
595 | $self->initialize_body; |
596 | $self; |
597 | }); |
598 | |
565f0cbb |
599 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
d90b42a6 |
600 | ## Class::MOP::Method::Accessor |
601 | |
602 | Class::MOP::Method::Accessor->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
603 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!attribute' => ( |
604 | init_arg => 'attribute', |
1d68af04 |
605 | reader => { |
606 | 'associated_attribute' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Accessor::associated_attribute |
d90b42a6 |
607 | }, |
1d68af04 |
608 | )) |
d90b42a6 |
609 | ); |
610 | |
611 | Class::MOP::Method::Accessor->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
612 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!accessor_type' => ( |
613 | init_arg => 'accessor_type', |
614 | reader => { 'accessor_type' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Accessor::accessor_type }, |
1d68af04 |
615 | )) |
d90b42a6 |
616 | ); |
617 | |
4c105333 |
618 | Class::MOP::Method::Accessor->meta->add_method('new' => sub { |
619 | my $class = shift; |
620 | my %options = @_; |
621 | |
622 | (exists $options{attribute}) |
623 | || confess "You must supply an attribute to construct with"; |
624 | |
625 | (exists $options{accessor_type}) |
626 | || confess "You must supply an accessor_type to construct with"; |
627 | |
628 | (Scalar::Util::blessed($options{attribute}) && $options{attribute}->isa('Class::MOP::Attribute')) |
629 | || confess "You must supply an attribute which is a 'Class::MOP::Attribute' instance"; |
630 | |
b38f3848 |
631 | ($options{package_name} && $options{name}) |
632 | || confess "You must supply the package_name and name parameters"; |
633 | |
4c105333 |
634 | # return the new object |
635 | my $self = $class->meta->new_object(%options); |
636 | |
637 | # we don't want this creating |
638 | # a cycle in the code, if not |
639 | # needed |
640 | Scalar::Util::weaken($self->{'$!attribute'}); |
641 | |
642 | $self->initialize_body; |
643 | |
644 | $self; |
645 | }); |
646 | |
d90b42a6 |
647 | |
648 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
649 | ## Class::MOP::Method::Constructor |
650 | |
651 | Class::MOP::Method::Constructor->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
652 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('%!options' => ( |
653 | init_arg => 'options', |
1d68af04 |
654 | reader => { |
655 | 'options' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Constructor::options |
d90b42a6 |
656 | }, |
4c105333 |
657 | default => sub { +{} } |
1d68af04 |
658 | )) |
d90b42a6 |
659 | ); |
660 | |
661 | Class::MOP::Method::Constructor->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
662 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!associated_metaclass' => ( |
663 | init_arg => 'metaclass', |
1d68af04 |
664 | reader => { |
665 | 'associated_metaclass' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Constructor::associated_metaclass |
666 | }, |
667 | )) |
d90b42a6 |
668 | ); |
669 | |
4c105333 |
670 | Class::MOP::Method::Constructor->meta->add_method('new' => sub { |
671 | my $class = shift; |
672 | my %options = @_; |
673 | |
674 | (Scalar::Util::blessed $options{metaclass} && $options{metaclass}->isa('Class::MOP::Class')) |
675 | || confess "You must pass a metaclass instance if you want to inline" |
676 | if $options{is_inline}; |
677 | |
b38f3848 |
678 | ($options{package_name} && $options{name}) |
679 | || confess "You must supply the package_name and name parameters"; |
680 | |
4c105333 |
681 | # return the new object |
682 | my $self = $class->meta->new_object(%options); |
683 | |
684 | # we don't want this creating |
685 | # a cycle in the code, if not |
686 | # needed |
687 | Scalar::Util::weaken($self->{'$!associated_metaclass'}); |
688 | |
689 | $self->initialize_body; |
690 | |
691 | $self; |
692 | }); |
693 | |
d90b42a6 |
694 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
86482605 |
695 | ## Class::MOP::Instance |
696 | |
697 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
698 | # these don't yet do much of anything, but are just |
86482605 |
699 | # included for completeness |
700 | |
701 | Class::MOP::Instance->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
702 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('$!meta') |
86482605 |
703 | ); |
704 | |
705 | Class::MOP::Instance->meta->add_attribute( |
c23184fc |
706 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('@!slots') |
86482605 |
707 | ); |
708 | |
709 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
f0480c45 |
710 | ## Now close all the Class::MOP::* classes |
4d47b77f |
711 | |
0b9372a2 |
712 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
713 | # we don't need to inline the |
714 | # constructors or the accessors |
715 | # this only lengthens the compile |
716 | # time of the MOP, and gives us |
0b9372a2 |
717 | # no actual benefits. |
718 | |
719 | $_->meta->make_immutable( |
720 | inline_constructor => 0, |
721 | inline_accessors => 0, |
722 | ) for qw/ |
1d68af04 |
723 | Class::MOP::Package |
724 | Class::MOP::Module |
725 | Class::MOP::Class |
726 | |
0b9372a2 |
727 | Class::MOP::Attribute |
1d68af04 |
728 | Class::MOP::Method |
729 | Class::MOP::Instance |
730 | |
731 | Class::MOP::Object |
0b9372a2 |
732 | |
565f0cbb |
733 | Class::MOP::Method::Generated |
1d68af04 |
734 | |
ba38bf08 |
735 | Class::MOP::Method::Accessor |
1d68af04 |
736 | Class::MOP::Method::Constructor |
737 | Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped |
0b9372a2 |
738 | /; |
b6164407 |
739 | |
94b19069 |
740 | 1; |
741 | |
742 | __END__ |
743 | |
744 | =pod |
745 | |
1d68af04 |
746 | =head1 NAME |
94b19069 |
747 | |
748 | Class::MOP - A Meta Object Protocol for Perl 5 |
749 | |
94b19069 |
750 | =head1 DESCRIPTON |
751 | |
127d39a7 |
752 | This module is a fully functioning meta object protocol for the |
1d68af04 |
753 | Perl 5 object system. It makes no attempt to change the behavior or |
754 | characteristics of the Perl 5 object system, only to create a |
27e31eaf |
755 | protocol for its manipulation and introspection. |
94b19069 |
756 | |
1d68af04 |
757 | That said, it does attempt to create the tools for building a rich |
758 | set of extensions to the Perl 5 object system. Every attempt has been |
759 | made for these tools to keep to the spirit of the Perl 5 object |
94b19069 |
760 | system that we all know and love. |
761 | |
1d68af04 |
762 | This documentation is admittedly sparse on details, as time permits |
763 | I will try to improve them. For now, I suggest looking at the items |
764 | listed in the L<SEE ALSO> section for more information. In particular |
765 | the book "The Art of the Meta Object Protocol" was very influential |
40483095 |
766 | in the development of this system. |
767 | |
bfe4d0fc |
768 | =head2 What is a Meta Object Protocol? |
769 | |
1d68af04 |
770 | A meta object protocol is an API to an object system. |
bfe4d0fc |
771 | |
1d68af04 |
772 | To be more specific, it is a set of abstractions of the components of |
773 | an object system (typically things like; classes, object, methods, |
774 | object attributes, etc.). These abstractions can then be used to both |
bfe4d0fc |
775 | inspect and manipulate the object system which they describe. |
776 | |
1d68af04 |
777 | It can be said that there are two MOPs for any object system; the |
778 | implicit MOP, and the explicit MOP. The implicit MOP handles things |
779 | like method dispatch or inheritance, which happen automatically as |
780 | part of how the object system works. The explicit MOP typically |
781 | handles the introspection/reflection features of the object system. |
782 | All object systems have implicit MOPs, without one, they would not |
783 | work. Explict MOPs however as less common, and depending on the |
784 | language can vary from restrictive (Reflection in Java or C#) to |
785 | wide open (CLOS is a perfect example). |
bfe4d0fc |
786 | |
e16da3e6 |
787 | =head2 Yet Another Class Builder!! Why? |
788 | |
1d68af04 |
789 | This is B<not> a class builder so much as it is a I<class builder |
790 | B<builder>>. My intent is that an end user does not use this module |
791 | directly, but instead this module is used by module authors to |
792 | build extensions and features onto the Perl 5 object system. |
e16da3e6 |
793 | |
94b19069 |
794 | =head2 Who is this module for? |
795 | |
1d68af04 |
796 | This module is specifically for anyone who has ever created or |
797 | wanted to create a module for the Class:: namespace. The tools which |
798 | this module will provide will hopefully make it easier to do more |
799 | complex things with Perl 5 classes by removing such barriers as |
800 | the need to hack the symbol tables, or understand the fine details |
801 | of method dispatch. |
94b19069 |
802 | |
bfe4d0fc |
803 | =head2 What changes do I have to make to use this module? |
804 | |
1d68af04 |
805 | This module was designed to be as unintrusive as possible. Many of |
806 | its features are accessible without B<any> change to your existsing |
807 | code at all. It is meant to be a compliment to your existing code and |
808 | not an intrusion on your code base. Unlike many other B<Class::> |
809 | modules, this module B<does not> require you subclass it, or even that |
810 | you C<use> it in within your module's package. |
bfe4d0fc |
811 | |
1d68af04 |
812 | The only features which requires additions to your code are the |
2eb717d5 |
813 | attribute handling and instance construction features, and these are |
1d68af04 |
814 | both completely optional features. The only reason for this is because |
815 | Perl 5's object system does not actually have these features built |
2eb717d5 |
816 | in. More information about this feature can be found below. |
bfe4d0fc |
817 | |
818 | =head2 A Note about Performance? |
819 | |
1d68af04 |
820 | It is a common misconception that explict MOPs are performance drains. |
821 | But this is not a universal truth at all, it is an side-effect of |
822 | specific implementations. For instance, using Java reflection is much |
823 | slower because the JVM cannot take advantage of any compiler |
824 | optimizations, and the JVM has to deal with much more runtime type |
825 | information as well. Reflection in C# is marginally better as it was |
826 | designed into the language and runtime (the CLR). In contrast, CLOS |
827 | (the Common Lisp Object System) was built to support an explicit MOP, |
828 | and so performance is tuned for it. |
829 | |
830 | This library in particular does it's absolute best to avoid putting |
831 | B<any> drain at all upon your code's performance. In fact, by itself |
832 | it does nothing to affect your existing code. So you only pay for |
2eb717d5 |
833 | what you actually use. |
bfe4d0fc |
834 | |
550d56db |
835 | =head2 About Metaclass compatibility |
836 | |
1d68af04 |
837 | This module makes sure that all metaclasses created are both upwards |
838 | and downwards compatible. The topic of metaclass compatibility is |
839 | highly esoteric and is something only encountered when doing deep and |
840 | involved metaclass hacking. There are two basic kinds of metaclass |
841 | incompatibility; upwards and downwards. |
550d56db |
842 | |
1d68af04 |
843 | Upwards metaclass compatibility means that the metaclass of a |
844 | given class is either the same as (or a subclass of) all of the |
550d56db |
845 | class's ancestors. |
846 | |
1d68af04 |
847 | Downward metaclass compatibility means that the metaclasses of a |
848 | given class's anscestors are all either the same as (or a subclass |
550d56db |
849 | of) that metaclass. |
850 | |
1d68af04 |
851 | Here is a diagram showing a set of two classes (C<A> and C<B>) and |
852 | two metaclasses (C<Meta::A> and C<Meta::B>) which have correct |
550d56db |
853 | metaclass compatibility both upwards and downwards. |
854 | |
855 | +---------+ +---------+ |
856 | | Meta::A |<----| Meta::B | <....... (instance of ) |
1d68af04 |
857 | +---------+ +---------+ <------- (inherits from) |
550d56db |
858 | ^ ^ |
859 | : : |
860 | +---------+ +---------+ |
861 | | A |<----| B | |
862 | +---------+ +---------+ |
863 | |
1d68af04 |
864 | As I said this is a highly esoteric topic and one you will only run |
865 | into if you do a lot of subclassing of B<Class::MOP::Class>. If you |
866 | are interested in why this is an issue see the paper |
867 | I<Uniform and safe metaclass composition> linked to in the |
550d56db |
868 | L<SEE ALSO> section of this document. |
869 | |
aa448b16 |
870 | =head2 Using custom metaclasses |
871 | |
1d68af04 |
872 | Always use the metaclass pragma when using a custom metaclass, this |
873 | will ensure the proper initialization order and not accidentely |
874 | create an incorrect type of metaclass for you. This is a very rare |
875 | problem, and one which can only occur if you are doing deep metaclass |
aa448b16 |
876 | programming. So in other words, don't worry about it. |
877 | |
94b19069 |
878 | =head1 PROTOCOLS |
879 | |
127d39a7 |
880 | The protocol is divided into 4 main sub-protocols: |
94b19069 |
881 | |
882 | =over 4 |
883 | |
884 | =item The Class protocol |
885 | |
1d68af04 |
886 | This provides a means of manipulating and introspecting a Perl 5 |
887 | class. It handles all of symbol table hacking for you, and provides |
94b19069 |
888 | a rich set of methods that go beyond simple package introspection. |
889 | |
552e3d24 |
890 | See L<Class::MOP::Class> for more details. |
891 | |
94b19069 |
892 | =item The Attribute protocol |
893 | |
1d68af04 |
894 | This provides a consistent represenation for an attribute of a |
895 | Perl 5 class. Since there are so many ways to create and handle |
127d39a7 |
896 | attributes in Perl 5 OO, this attempts to provide as much of a |
1d68af04 |
897 | unified approach as possible, while giving the freedom and |
94b19069 |
898 | flexibility to subclass for specialization. |
899 | |
552e3d24 |
900 | See L<Class::MOP::Attribute> for more details. |
901 | |
94b19069 |
902 | =item The Method protocol |
903 | |
1d68af04 |
904 | This provides a means of manipulating and introspecting methods in |
905 | the Perl 5 object system. As with attributes, there are many ways to |
906 | approach this topic, so we try to keep it pretty basic, while still |
94b19069 |
907 | making it possible to extend the system in many ways. |
908 | |
552e3d24 |
909 | See L<Class::MOP::Method> for more details. |
94b19069 |
910 | |
127d39a7 |
911 | =item The Instance protocol |
912 | |
913 | This provides a layer of abstraction for creating object instances. |
914 | Since the other layers use this protocol, it is relatively easy to |
915 | change the type of your instances from the default HASH ref to other |
916 | types of references. Several examples are provided in the F<examples/> |
917 | directory included in this distribution. |
918 | |
919 | See L<Class::MOP::Instance> for more details. |
920 | |
94b19069 |
921 | =back |
922 | |
be7677c7 |
923 | =head1 FUNCTIONS |
924 | |
c1d5345a |
925 | =head2 Constants |
926 | |
927 | =over 4 |
928 | |
929 | =item I<IS_RUNNING_ON_5_10> |
930 | |
931 | We set this constant depending on what version perl we are on, this |
932 | allows us to take advantage of new 5.10 features and stay backwards |
933 | compat. |
934 | |
935 | =back |
936 | |
448b6e55 |
937 | =head2 Utility functions |
938 | |
939 | =over 4 |
940 | |
941 | =item B<load_class ($class_name)> |
942 | |
1d68af04 |
943 | This will load a given C<$class_name> and if it does not have an |
448b6e55 |
944 | already initialized metaclass, then it will intialize one for it. |
127d39a7 |
945 | This function can be used in place of tricks like |
946 | C<eval "use $module"> or using C<require>. |
448b6e55 |
947 | |
948 | =item B<is_class_loaded ($class_name)> |
949 | |
1d68af04 |
950 | This will return a boolean depending on if the C<$class_name> has |
951 | been loaded. |
448b6e55 |
952 | |
1d68af04 |
953 | NOTE: This does a basic check of the symbol table to try and |
448b6e55 |
954 | determine as best it can if the C<$class_name> is loaded, it |
1d68af04 |
955 | is probably correct about 99% of the time. |
448b6e55 |
956 | |
b1f5f41d |
957 | =item B<check_package_cache_flag ($pkg)> |
e0e4674a |
958 | |
127d39a7 |
959 | This will return an integer that is managed by C<Class::MOP::Class> |
960 | to determine if a module's symbol table has been altered. |
961 | |
962 | In Perl 5.10 or greater, this flag is package specific. However in |
963 | versions prior to 5.10, this will use the C<PL_sub_generation> variable |
964 | which is not package specific. |
965 | |
e0e4674a |
966 | =item B<get_code_info ($code)> |
967 | |
127d39a7 |
968 | This function returns two values, the name of the package the C<$code> |
969 | is from and the name of the C<$code> itself. This is used by several |
970 | elements of the MOP to detemine where a given C<$code> reference is from. |
971 | |
4c105333 |
972 | =item B<subname ($name, $code)> |
973 | |
974 | B<NOTE: DO NOT USE THIS FUNCTION, IT IS FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY!> |
975 | |
976 | If possible, we will load the L<Sub::Name> module and this will function |
977 | as C<Sub::Name::subname> does, otherwise it will just return the C<$code> |
978 | argument. |
979 | |
448b6e55 |
980 | =back |
981 | |
982 | =head2 Metaclass cache functions |
983 | |
1d68af04 |
984 | Class::MOP holds a cache of metaclasses, the following are functions |
985 | (B<not methods>) which can be used to access that cache. It is not |
986 | recommended that you mess with this, bad things could happen. But if |
be7677c7 |
987 | you are brave and willing to risk it, go for it. |
988 | |
989 | =over 4 |
990 | |
991 | =item B<get_all_metaclasses> |
992 | |
1d68af04 |
993 | This will return an hash of all the metaclass instances that have |
994 | been cached by B<Class::MOP::Class> keyed by the package name. |
b9d9fc0b |
995 | |
be7677c7 |
996 | =item B<get_all_metaclass_instances> |
997 | |
1d68af04 |
998 | This will return an array of all the metaclass instances that have |
b9d9fc0b |
999 | been cached by B<Class::MOP::Class>. |
1000 | |
be7677c7 |
1001 | =item B<get_all_metaclass_names> |
1002 | |
1d68af04 |
1003 | This will return an array of all the metaclass names that have |
b9d9fc0b |
1004 | been cached by B<Class::MOP::Class>. |
1005 | |
be7677c7 |
1006 | =item B<get_metaclass_by_name ($name)> |
1007 | |
127d39a7 |
1008 | This will return a cached B<Class::MOP::Class> instance of nothing |
1009 | if no metaclass exist by that C<$name>. |
1010 | |
be7677c7 |
1011 | =item B<store_metaclass_by_name ($name, $meta)> |
1012 | |
127d39a7 |
1013 | This will store a metaclass in the cache at the supplied C<$key>. |
1014 | |
be7677c7 |
1015 | =item B<weaken_metaclass ($name)> |
1016 | |
127d39a7 |
1017 | In rare cases it is desireable to store a weakened reference in |
1018 | the metaclass cache. This function will weaken the reference to |
1019 | the metaclass stored in C<$name>. |
1020 | |
be7677c7 |
1021 | =item B<does_metaclass_exist ($name)> |
1022 | |
127d39a7 |
1023 | This will return true of there exists a metaclass stored in the |
1024 | C<$name> key and return false otherwise. |
1025 | |
be7677c7 |
1026 | =item B<remove_metaclass_by_name ($name)> |
1027 | |
127d39a7 |
1028 | This will remove a the metaclass stored in the C<$name> key. |
1029 | |
be7677c7 |
1030 | =back |
1031 | |
552e3d24 |
1032 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
8b978dd5 |
1033 | |
552e3d24 |
1034 | =head2 Books |
8b978dd5 |
1035 | |
1d68af04 |
1036 | There are very few books out on Meta Object Protocols and Metaclasses |
1037 | because it is such an esoteric topic. The following books are really |
1038 | the only ones I have found. If you know of any more, B<I<please>> |
a2e85e6c |
1039 | email me and let me know, I would love to hear about them. |
1040 | |
8b978dd5 |
1041 | =over 4 |
1042 | |
552e3d24 |
1043 | =item "The Art of the Meta Object Protocol" |
8b978dd5 |
1044 | |
552e3d24 |
1045 | =item "Advances in Object-Oriented Metalevel Architecture and Reflection" |
8b978dd5 |
1046 | |
b51af7f9 |
1047 | =item "Putting MetaClasses to Work" |
1048 | |
a2e85e6c |
1049 | =item "Smalltalk: The Language" |
1050 | |
94b19069 |
1051 | =back |
1052 | |
550d56db |
1053 | =head2 Papers |
1054 | |
1055 | =over 4 |
1056 | |
1057 | =item Uniform and safe metaclass composition |
1058 | |
1d68af04 |
1059 | An excellent paper by the people who brought us the original Traits paper. |
1060 | This paper is on how Traits can be used to do safe metaclass composition, |
1061 | and offers an excellent introduction section which delves into the topic of |
550d56db |
1062 | metaclass compatibility. |
1063 | |
1064 | L<http://www.iam.unibe.ch/~scg/Archive/Papers/Duca05ySafeMetaclassTrait.pdf> |
1065 | |
1066 | =item Safe Metaclass Programming |
1067 | |
1d68af04 |
1068 | This paper seems to precede the above paper, and propose a mix-in based |
1069 | approach as opposed to the Traits based approach. Both papers have similar |
1070 | information on the metaclass compatibility problem space. |
550d56db |
1071 | |
1072 | L<http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/37617.html> |
1073 | |
1074 | =back |
1075 | |
552e3d24 |
1076 | =head2 Prior Art |
8b978dd5 |
1077 | |
1078 | =over 4 |
1079 | |
7184ca14 |
1080 | =item The Perl 6 MetaModel work in the Pugs project |
8b978dd5 |
1081 | |
1082 | =over 4 |
1083 | |
552e3d24 |
1084 | =item L<http://svn.openfoundry.org/pugs/perl5/Perl6-MetaModel> |
8b978dd5 |
1085 | |
552e3d24 |
1086 | =item L<http://svn.openfoundry.org/pugs/perl5/Perl6-ObjectSpace> |
8b978dd5 |
1087 | |
1088 | =back |
1089 | |
94b19069 |
1090 | =back |
1091 | |
1d68af04 |
1092 | =head2 Articles |
f8dfcfb7 |
1093 | |
1094 | =over 4 |
1095 | |
1d68af04 |
1096 | =item CPAN Module Review of Class::MOP |
f8dfcfb7 |
1097 | |
1098 | L<http://www.oreillynet.com/onlamp/blog/2006/06/cpan_module_review_classmop.html> |
1099 | |
1100 | =back |
1101 | |
a2e85e6c |
1102 | =head1 SIMILAR MODULES |
1103 | |
1d68af04 |
1104 | As I have said above, this module is a class-builder-builder, so it is |
1105 | not the same thing as modules like L<Class::Accessor> and |
1106 | L<Class::MethodMaker>. That being said there are very few modules on CPAN |
1107 | with similar goals to this module. The one I have found which is most |
1108 | like this module is L<Class::Meta>, although it's philosophy and the MOP it |
1109 | creates are very different from this modules. |
94b19069 |
1110 | |
a2e85e6c |
1111 | =head1 BUGS |
1112 | |
1d68af04 |
1113 | All complex software has bugs lurking in it, and this module is no |
a2e85e6c |
1114 | exception. If you find a bug please either email me, or add the bug |
1115 | to cpan-RT. |
1116 | |
1117 | =head1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS |
1118 | |
1119 | =over 4 |
1120 | |
b9d9fc0b |
1121 | =item Rob Kinyon |
a2e85e6c |
1122 | |
1d68af04 |
1123 | Thanks to Rob for actually getting the development of this module kick-started. |
a2e85e6c |
1124 | |
1125 | =back |
1126 | |
1a09d9cc |
1127 | =head1 AUTHORS |
94b19069 |
1128 | |
a2e85e6c |
1129 | Stevan Little E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt> |
552e3d24 |
1130 | |
9c8cda90 |
1131 | B<with contributions from:> |
1132 | |
1133 | Brandon (blblack) Black |
1134 | |
1135 | Guillermo (groditi) Roditi |
1136 | |
9195ddff |
1137 | Matt (mst) Trout |
1138 | |
9c8cda90 |
1139 | Rob (robkinyon) Kinyon |
1140 | |
1141 | Yuval (nothingmuch) Kogman |
1a09d9cc |
1142 | |
f430cfa4 |
1143 | Scott (konobi) McWhirter |
1144 | |
94b19069 |
1145 | =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE |
1146 | |
69e3ab0a |
1147 | Copyright 2006-2008 by Infinity Interactive, Inc. |
94b19069 |
1148 | |
1149 | L<http://www.iinteractive.com> |
1150 | |
1151 | This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
1d68af04 |
1152 | it under the same terms as Perl itself. |
94b19069 |
1153 | |
1154 | =cut |