Commit | Line | Data |
94b19069 |
1 | |
2 | package Class::MOP; |
3 | |
4 | use strict; |
5 | use warnings; |
6 | |
5a2932cf |
7 | use 5.008; |
8 | |
3cf322a0 |
9 | use MRO::Compat; |
10 | |
4c105333 |
11 | use Carp 'confess'; |
41fc2d0f |
12 | use Scalar::Util 'weaken', 'reftype'; |
8b978dd5 |
13 | |
fc4f8f91 |
14 | |
0531f510 |
15 | use Class::MOP::Class; |
16 | use Class::MOP::Attribute; |
17 | use Class::MOP::Method; |
18 | |
19 | use Class::MOP::Immutable; |
20 | |
b1f5f41d |
21 | BEGIN { |
11b56828 |
22 | *IS_RUNNING_ON_5_10 = ($] < 5.009_005) |
23 | ? sub () { 0 } |
4c105333 |
24 | : sub () { 1 }; |
46b23b44 |
25 | |
9efe16ca |
26 | *HAVE_ISAREV = defined(&mro::get_isarev) |
27 | ? sub () { 1 } |
28 | : sub () { 1 }; |
3ecd1b25 |
29 | |
30 | # this is either part of core or set up appropriately by MRO::Compat |
31 | *check_package_cache_flag = \&mro::get_pkg_gen; |
b1f5f41d |
32 | } |
e0e4674a |
33 | |
9d655b6d |
34 | our $VERSION = '0.76'; |
8a7085c1 |
35 | our $XS_VERSION = $VERSION; |
d519662a |
36 | $VERSION = eval $VERSION; |
fc4f8f91 |
37 | our $AUTHORITY = 'cpan:STEVAN'; |
9d655b6d |
38 | |
d7bda114 |
39 | _try_load_xs() or _load_pure_perl(); |
40 | |
41 | sub _try_load_xs { |
42 | return if $ENV{CLASS_MOP_NO_XS}; |
43 | |
0531f510 |
44 | my $e = do { |
45 | local $@; |
46 | eval { |
47 | require XSLoader; |
d7bda114 |
48 | # just doing this - no warnings 'redefine' - doesn't work |
49 | # for some reason |
50 | local $^W = 0; |
8a7085c1 |
51 | __PACKAGE__->XSLoader::load($XS_VERSION); |
3ecd1b25 |
52 | |
53 | require Sub::Name; |
54 | Sub::Name->import(qw(subname)); |
55 | |
56 | require Devel::GlobalDestruction; |
57 | Devel::GlobalDestruction->import("in_global_destruction"); |
9d655b6d |
58 | |
59 | *USING_XS = sub () { 1 }; |
0531f510 |
60 | }; |
61 | $@; |
62 | }; |
15273f3c |
63 | |
0531f510 |
64 | die $e if $e && $e !~ /object version|loadable object/; |
d7bda114 |
65 | |
66 | return $e ? 0 : 1; |
0531f510 |
67 | } |
15273f3c |
68 | |
d7bda114 |
69 | sub _load_pure_perl { |
70 | require Sub::Identify; |
71 | Sub::Identify->import('get_code_info'); |
3ecd1b25 |
72 | |
73 | *subname = sub { $_[1] }; |
9d655b6d |
74 | *in_global_destruction = sub () { !1 }; |
75 | |
76 | *USING_XS = sub () { 0 }; |
d7bda114 |
77 | } |
78 | |
79 | |
be7677c7 |
80 | { |
81 | # Metaclasses are singletons, so we cache them here. |
82 | # there is no need to worry about destruction though |
83 | # because they should die only when the program dies. |
84 | # After all, do package definitions even get reaped? |
1d68af04 |
85 | my %METAS; |
86 | |
87 | # means of accessing all the metaclasses that have |
be7677c7 |
88 | # been initialized thus far (for mugwumps obj browser) |
1d68af04 |
89 | sub get_all_metaclasses { %METAS } |
90 | sub get_all_metaclass_instances { values %METAS } |
91 | sub get_all_metaclass_names { keys %METAS } |
be7677c7 |
92 | sub get_metaclass_by_name { $METAS{$_[0]} } |
1d68af04 |
93 | sub store_metaclass_by_name { $METAS{$_[0]} = $_[1] } |
94 | sub weaken_metaclass { weaken($METAS{$_[0]}) } |
be7677c7 |
95 | sub does_metaclass_exist { exists $METAS{$_[0]} && defined $METAS{$_[0]} } |
1d68af04 |
96 | sub remove_metaclass_by_name { $METAS{$_[0]} = undef } |
97 | |
be7677c7 |
98 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
99 | # We only cache metaclasses, meaning instances of |
100 | # Class::MOP::Class. We do not cache instance of |
be7677c7 |
101 | # Class::MOP::Package or Class::MOP::Module. Mostly |
1d68af04 |
102 | # because I don't yet see a good reason to do so. |
be7677c7 |
103 | } |
104 | |
063ad0c5 |
105 | sub load_first_existing_class { |
f280f05c |
106 | my @classes = @_ |
107 | or return; |
5a24cf8a |
108 | |
109 | foreach my $class (@classes) { |
110 | unless ( _is_valid_class_name($class) ) { |
111 | my $display = defined($class) ? $class : 'undef'; |
112 | confess "Invalid class name ($display)"; |
113 | } |
ab5e2f48 |
114 | } |
115 | |
063ad0c5 |
116 | my $found; |
5a24cf8a |
117 | my %exceptions; |
063ad0c5 |
118 | for my $class (@classes) { |
119 | my $e = _try_load_one_class($class); |
120 | |
5a24cf8a |
121 | if ($e) { |
063ad0c5 |
122 | $exceptions{$class} = $e; |
5a24cf8a |
123 | } |
124 | else { |
063ad0c5 |
125 | $found = $class; |
126 | last; |
5a24cf8a |
127 | } |
063ad0c5 |
128 | } |
5a24cf8a |
129 | |
1d8153bd |
130 | return $found if $found; |
07940968 |
131 | |
063ad0c5 |
132 | confess join( |
133 | "\n", |
134 | map { |
135 | sprintf( |
fea44045 |
136 | "Could not load class (%s) because : %s", $_, |
063ad0c5 |
137 | $exceptions{$_} |
138 | ) |
139 | } @classes |
f280f05c |
140 | ); |
5a24cf8a |
141 | } |
142 | |
063ad0c5 |
143 | sub _try_load_one_class { |
144 | my $class = shift; |
145 | |
146 | return if is_class_loaded($class); |
147 | |
148 | my $file = $class . '.pm'; |
149 | $file =~ s{::}{/}g; |
150 | |
151 | return do { |
152 | local $@; |
153 | eval { require($file) }; |
154 | $@; |
155 | }; |
156 | } |
157 | |
5a24cf8a |
158 | sub load_class { |
1d8153bd |
159 | my $class = load_first_existing_class($_[0]); |
160 | return get_metaclass_by_name($class) || $class; |
448b6e55 |
161 | } |
162 | |
2c0fb064 |
163 | sub _is_valid_class_name { |
164 | my $class = shift; |
165 | |
166 | return 0 if ref($class); |
167 | return 0 unless defined($class); |
168 | return 0 unless length($class); |
169 | |
170 | return 1 if $class =~ /^\w+(?:::\w+)*$/; |
171 | |
172 | return 0; |
173 | } |
174 | |
448b6e55 |
175 | sub is_class_loaded { |
c1d5345a |
176 | my $class = shift; |
26fcef27 |
177 | |
bd5672fb |
178 | return 0 unless _is_valid_class_name($class); |
26fcef27 |
179 | |
180 | # walk the symbol table tree to avoid autovififying |
181 | # \*{${main::}{"Foo::"}} == \*main::Foo:: |
182 | |
183 | my $pack = \*::; |
184 | foreach my $part (split('::', $class)) { |
185 | return 0 unless exists ${$$pack}{"${part}::"}; |
186 | $pack = \*{${$$pack}{"${part}::"}}; |
c1d5345a |
187 | } |
26fcef27 |
188 | |
41fc2d0f |
189 | # We used to check in the package stash, but it turns out that |
190 | # *{${$$package}{VERSION}{SCALAR}} can end up pointing to a |
191 | # reference to undef. It looks |
192 | |
193 | my $version = do { |
194 | no strict 'refs'; |
195 | ${$class . '::VERSION'}; |
196 | }; |
197 | |
198 | return 1 if ! ref $version && defined $version; |
199 | # Sometimes $VERSION ends up as a reference to undef (weird) |
200 | return 1 if ref $version && reftype $version eq 'SCALAR' && defined ${$version}; |
201 | |
26fcef27 |
202 | return 1 if exists ${$$pack}{ISA} |
203 | && defined *{${$$pack}{ISA}}{ARRAY}; |
204 | |
205 | # check for any method |
206 | foreach ( keys %{$$pack} ) { |
207 | next if substr($_, -2, 2) eq '::'; |
d5be3722 |
208 | |
209 | my $glob = ${$$pack}{$_} || next; |
210 | |
9e275e86 |
211 | # constant subs |
d5be3722 |
212 | if ( IS_RUNNING_ON_5_10 ) { |
213 | return 1 if ref $glob eq 'SCALAR'; |
214 | } |
215 | |
216 | return 1 if defined *{$glob}{CODE}; |
26fcef27 |
217 | } |
218 | |
219 | # fail |
c1d5345a |
220 | return 0; |
448b6e55 |
221 | } |
222 | |
223 | |
aa448b16 |
224 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
225 | ## Setting up our environment ... |
226 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
1d68af04 |
227 | ## Class::MOP needs to have a few things in the global perl environment so |
aa448b16 |
228 | ## that it can operate effectively. Those things are done here. |
229 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
230 | |
3bf7644b |
231 | # ... nothing yet actually ;) |
8b978dd5 |
232 | |
b51af7f9 |
233 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
1d68af04 |
234 | ## Bootstrapping |
b51af7f9 |
235 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
1d68af04 |
236 | ## The code below here is to bootstrap our MOP with itself. This is also |
b51af7f9 |
237 | ## sometimes called "tying the knot". By doing this, we make it much easier |
238 | ## to extend the MOP through subclassing and such since now you can use the |
1d68af04 |
239 | ## MOP itself to extend itself. |
240 | ## |
b51af7f9 |
241 | ## Yes, I know, thats weird and insane, but it's a good thing, trust me :) |
1d68af04 |
242 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
727919c5 |
243 | |
1d68af04 |
244 | # We need to add in the meta-attributes here so that |
245 | # any subclass of Class::MOP::* will be able to |
727919c5 |
246 | # inherit them using &construct_instance |
247 | |
f0480c45 |
248 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
6d5355c3 |
249 | ## Class::MOP::Package |
727919c5 |
250 | |
6d5355c3 |
251 | Class::MOP::Package->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
252 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('package' => ( |
b880e0de |
253 | reader => { |
1d68af04 |
254 | # NOTE: we need to do this in order |
255 | # for the instance meta-object to |
b880e0de |
256 | # not fall into meta-circular death |
1d68af04 |
257 | # |
ce2ae40f |
258 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
259 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
260 | 'name' => \&Class::MOP::Package::name |
b880e0de |
261 | }, |
727919c5 |
262 | )) |
263 | ); |
264 | |
a5e51f0b |
265 | Class::MOP::Package->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
266 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('namespace' => ( |
a5e51f0b |
267 | reader => { |
56dcfc1a |
268 | # NOTE: |
ce2ae40f |
269 | # we just alias the original method |
270 | # rather than re-produce it here |
271 | 'namespace' => \&Class::MOP::Package::namespace |
a5e51f0b |
272 | }, |
2e877f58 |
273 | init_arg => undef, |
c4260b45 |
274 | default => sub { \undef } |
a5e51f0b |
275 | )) |
276 | ); |
277 | |
f0480c45 |
278 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
279 | ## Class::MOP::Module |
280 | |
281 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
282 | # yeah this is kind of stretching things a bit, |
f0480c45 |
283 | # but truthfully the version should be an attribute |
1d68af04 |
284 | # of the Module, the weirdness comes from having to |
285 | # stick to Perl 5 convention and store it in the |
286 | # $VERSION package variable. Basically if you just |
287 | # squint at it, it will look how you want it to look. |
f0480c45 |
288 | # Either as a package variable, or as a attribute of |
289 | # the metaclass, isn't abstraction great :) |
290 | |
291 | Class::MOP::Module->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
292 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('version' => ( |
f0480c45 |
293 | reader => { |
ce2ae40f |
294 | # NOTE: |
295 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
296 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
297 | 'version' => \&Class::MOP::Module::version |
f0480c45 |
298 | }, |
2e877f58 |
299 | init_arg => undef, |
c4260b45 |
300 | default => sub { \undef } |
f0480c45 |
301 | )) |
302 | ); |
303 | |
304 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
305 | # By following the same conventions as version here, |
306 | # we are opening up the possibility that people can |
307 | # use the $AUTHORITY in non-Class::MOP modules as |
308 | # well. |
f0480c45 |
309 | |
310 | Class::MOP::Module->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
311 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('authority' => ( |
f0480c45 |
312 | reader => { |
ce2ae40f |
313 | # NOTE: |
314 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
315 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
316 | 'authority' => \&Class::MOP::Module::authority |
1d68af04 |
317 | }, |
2e877f58 |
318 | init_arg => undef, |
c4260b45 |
319 | default => sub { \undef } |
f0480c45 |
320 | )) |
321 | ); |
322 | |
323 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
6d5355c3 |
324 | ## Class::MOP::Class |
325 | |
727919c5 |
326 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
327 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('attributes' => ( |
f7259199 |
328 | reader => { |
1d68af04 |
329 | # NOTE: we need to do this in order |
330 | # for the instance meta-object to |
331 | # not fall into meta-circular death |
332 | # |
ce2ae40f |
333 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
334 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
335 | 'get_attribute_map' => \&Class::MOP::Class::get_attribute_map |
f7259199 |
336 | }, |
727919c5 |
337 | default => sub { {} } |
338 | )) |
339 | ); |
340 | |
351bd7d4 |
341 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
342 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('methods' => ( |
1d68af04 |
343 | reader => { |
ce2ae40f |
344 | # NOTE: |
345 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
346 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
347 | 'get_method_map' => \&Class::MOP::Class::get_method_map |
92330ee2 |
348 | }, |
7855ddba |
349 | default => sub { {} } |
c4260b45 |
350 | )) |
351 | ); |
352 | |
353 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
354 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('superclasses' => ( |
c23184fc |
355 | accessor => { |
356 | # NOTE: |
357 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
358 | # rather than re-produce it here |
c23184fc |
359 | 'superclasses' => \&Class::MOP::Class::superclasses |
360 | }, |
2e877f58 |
361 | init_arg => undef, |
c23184fc |
362 | default => sub { \undef } |
363 | )) |
364 | ); |
365 | |
366 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
367 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('attribute_metaclass' => ( |
1d68af04 |
368 | reader => { |
6d2118a4 |
369 | # NOTE: |
370 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
371 | # rather than re-produce it here |
6d2118a4 |
372 | 'attribute_metaclass' => \&Class::MOP::Class::attribute_metaclass |
1d68af04 |
373 | }, |
351bd7d4 |
374 | default => 'Class::MOP::Attribute', |
375 | )) |
376 | ); |
377 | |
378 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
379 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('method_metaclass' => ( |
1d68af04 |
380 | reader => { |
6d2118a4 |
381 | # NOTE: |
382 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
383 | # rather than re-produce it here |
6d2118a4 |
384 | 'method_metaclass' => \&Class::MOP::Class::method_metaclass |
385 | }, |
1d68af04 |
386 | default => 'Class::MOP::Method', |
351bd7d4 |
387 | )) |
388 | ); |
389 | |
2bab2be6 |
390 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
391 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('instance_metaclass' => ( |
b880e0de |
392 | reader => { |
1d68af04 |
393 | # NOTE: we need to do this in order |
394 | # for the instance meta-object to |
395 | # not fall into meta-circular death |
396 | # |
ce2ae40f |
397 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
398 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
399 | 'instance_metaclass' => \&Class::MOP::Class::instance_metaclass |
b880e0de |
400 | }, |
1d68af04 |
401 | default => 'Class::MOP::Instance', |
2bab2be6 |
402 | )) |
403 | ); |
404 | |
9d6dce77 |
405 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
406 | # we don't actually need to tie the knot with |
407 | # Class::MOP::Class here, it is actually handled |
408 | # within Class::MOP::Class itself in the |
409 | # construct_class_instance method. |
9d6dce77 |
410 | |
f0480c45 |
411 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
727919c5 |
412 | ## Class::MOP::Attribute |
413 | |
7b31baf4 |
414 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
415 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('name' => ( |
c23184fc |
416 | reader => { |
1d68af04 |
417 | # NOTE: we need to do this in order |
418 | # for the instance meta-object to |
419 | # not fall into meta-circular death |
420 | # |
ce2ae40f |
421 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
422 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
423 | 'name' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::name |
b880e0de |
424 | } |
7b31baf4 |
425 | )) |
426 | ); |
427 | |
428 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
429 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('associated_class' => ( |
c23184fc |
430 | reader => { |
1d68af04 |
431 | # NOTE: we need to do this in order |
432 | # for the instance meta-object to |
433 | # not fall into meta-circular death |
434 | # |
ce2ae40f |
435 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
436 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
437 | 'associated_class' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::associated_class |
b880e0de |
438 | } |
7b31baf4 |
439 | )) |
440 | ); |
441 | |
442 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
443 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('accessor' => ( |
6d2118a4 |
444 | reader => { 'accessor' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::accessor }, |
445 | predicate => { 'has_accessor' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_accessor }, |
7b31baf4 |
446 | )) |
447 | ); |
448 | |
449 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
450 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('reader' => ( |
6d2118a4 |
451 | reader => { 'reader' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::reader }, |
452 | predicate => { 'has_reader' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_reader }, |
7b31baf4 |
453 | )) |
454 | ); |
455 | |
456 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
457 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('initializer' => ( |
8ee74136 |
458 | reader => { 'initializer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::initializer }, |
459 | predicate => { 'has_initializer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_initializer }, |
0ab65f99 |
460 | )) |
461 | ); |
462 | |
463 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
d9d99689 |
464 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('definition_context' => ( |
465 | reader => { 'definition_context' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::definition_context }, |
466 | )) |
467 | ); |
468 | |
469 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
470 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('writer' => ( |
6d2118a4 |
471 | reader => { 'writer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::writer }, |
472 | predicate => { 'has_writer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_writer }, |
7b31baf4 |
473 | )) |
474 | ); |
475 | |
476 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
477 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('predicate' => ( |
6d2118a4 |
478 | reader => { 'predicate' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::predicate }, |
479 | predicate => { 'has_predicate' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_predicate }, |
7b31baf4 |
480 | )) |
481 | ); |
482 | |
483 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
484 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('clearer' => ( |
6d2118a4 |
485 | reader => { 'clearer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::clearer }, |
486 | predicate => { 'has_clearer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_clearer }, |
7d28758b |
487 | )) |
488 | ); |
489 | |
490 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
491 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('builder' => ( |
1d68af04 |
492 | reader => { 'builder' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::builder }, |
493 | predicate => { 'has_builder' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_builder }, |
494 | )) |
495 | ); |
496 | |
497 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
498 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('init_arg' => ( |
6d2118a4 |
499 | reader => { 'init_arg' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::init_arg }, |
500 | predicate => { 'has_init_arg' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_init_arg }, |
7b31baf4 |
501 | )) |
502 | ); |
503 | |
504 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
505 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('default' => ( |
7b31baf4 |
506 | # default has a custom 'reader' method ... |
1d68af04 |
507 | predicate => { 'has_default' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_default }, |
7b31baf4 |
508 | )) |
509 | ); |
510 | |
3545c727 |
511 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
512 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('associated_methods' => ( |
c23184fc |
513 | reader => { 'associated_methods' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::associated_methods }, |
1d68af04 |
514 | default => sub { [] } |
3545c727 |
515 | )) |
516 | ); |
727919c5 |
517 | |
5659d76e |
518 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_method('clone' => sub { |
a740253a |
519 | my $self = shift; |
1d68af04 |
520 | $self->meta->clone_object($self, @_); |
727919c5 |
521 | }); |
522 | |
f0480c45 |
523 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
b6164407 |
524 | ## Class::MOP::Method |
b6164407 |
525 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
526 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('body' => ( |
c23184fc |
527 | reader => { 'body' => \&Class::MOP::Method::body }, |
b6164407 |
528 | )) |
529 | ); |
530 | |
4c105333 |
531 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_attribute( |
5e607260 |
532 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('associated_metaclass' => ( |
5e607260 |
533 | reader => { 'associated_metaclass' => \&Class::MOP::Method::associated_metaclass }, |
534 | )) |
535 | ); |
536 | |
537 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
538 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('package_name' => ( |
4c105333 |
539 | reader => { 'package_name' => \&Class::MOP::Method::package_name }, |
540 | )) |
541 | ); |
542 | |
543 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
544 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('name' => ( |
4c105333 |
545 | reader => { 'name' => \&Class::MOP::Method::name }, |
546 | )) |
547 | ); |
548 | |
2226a8b0 |
549 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_attribute( |
550 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('original_method' => ( |
551 | reader => { 'original_method' => \&Class::MOP::Method::original_method }, |
552 | writer => { '_set_original_method' => \&Class::MOP::Method::_set_original_method }, |
553 | )) |
554 | ); |
555 | |
4c105333 |
556 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_method('clone' => sub { |
557 | my $self = shift; |
2226a8b0 |
558 | my $clone = $self->meta->clone_object($self, @_); |
559 | $clone->_set_original_method($self); |
560 | return $clone; |
4c105333 |
561 | }); |
562 | |
b6164407 |
563 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
564 | ## Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped |
565 | |
566 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
567 | # the way this item is initialized, this |
568 | # really does not follow the standard |
569 | # practices of attributes, but we put |
b6164407 |
570 | # it here for completeness |
571 | Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
572 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('modifier_table') |
b6164407 |
573 | ); |
574 | |
575 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
565f0cbb |
576 | ## Class::MOP::Method::Generated |
577 | |
578 | Class::MOP::Method::Generated->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
579 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('is_inline' => ( |
565f0cbb |
580 | reader => { 'is_inline' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Generated::is_inline }, |
4c105333 |
581 | default => 0, |
1d68af04 |
582 | )) |
565f0cbb |
583 | ); |
584 | |
d9d99689 |
585 | Class::MOP::Method::Generated->meta->add_attribute( |
586 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('definition_context' => ( |
587 | reader => { 'definition_context' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Generated::definition_context }, |
588 | )) |
589 | ); |
590 | |
565f0cbb |
591 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
d90b42a6 |
592 | ## Class::MOP::Method::Accessor |
593 | |
594 | Class::MOP::Method::Accessor->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
595 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('attribute' => ( |
1d68af04 |
596 | reader => { |
597 | 'associated_attribute' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Accessor::associated_attribute |
d90b42a6 |
598 | }, |
1d68af04 |
599 | )) |
d90b42a6 |
600 | ); |
601 | |
602 | Class::MOP::Method::Accessor->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
603 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('accessor_type' => ( |
c23184fc |
604 | reader => { 'accessor_type' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Accessor::accessor_type }, |
1d68af04 |
605 | )) |
d90b42a6 |
606 | ); |
607 | |
d90b42a6 |
608 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
609 | ## Class::MOP::Method::Constructor |
610 | |
611 | Class::MOP::Method::Constructor->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
612 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('options' => ( |
1d68af04 |
613 | reader => { |
614 | 'options' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Constructor::options |
d90b42a6 |
615 | }, |
4c105333 |
616 | default => sub { +{} } |
1d68af04 |
617 | )) |
d90b42a6 |
618 | ); |
619 | |
620 | Class::MOP::Method::Constructor->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
621 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('associated_metaclass' => ( |
e8a38403 |
622 | init_arg => "metaclass", # FIXME alias and rename |
1d68af04 |
623 | reader => { |
624 | 'associated_metaclass' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Constructor::associated_metaclass |
625 | }, |
626 | )) |
d90b42a6 |
627 | ); |
628 | |
629 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
86482605 |
630 | ## Class::MOP::Instance |
631 | |
632 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
633 | # these don't yet do much of anything, but are just |
86482605 |
634 | # included for completeness |
635 | |
636 | Class::MOP::Instance->meta->add_attribute( |
74890687 |
637 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('associated_metaclass', |
638 | reader => { associated_metaclass => \&Class::MOP::Instance::associated_metaclass }, |
639 | ), |
86482605 |
640 | ); |
641 | |
642 | Class::MOP::Instance->meta->add_attribute( |
74890687 |
643 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('_class_name', |
644 | init_arg => undef, |
645 | reader => { _class_name => \&Class::MOP::Instance::_class_name }, |
646 | #lazy => 1, # not yet supported by Class::MOP but out our version does it anyway |
647 | #default => sub { $_[0]->associated_metaclass->name }, |
648 | ), |
649 | ); |
650 | |
651 | Class::MOP::Instance->meta->add_attribute( |
652 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('attributes', |
0b5d46da |
653 | reader => { attributes => \&Class::MOP::Instance::get_all_attributes }, |
74890687 |
654 | ), |
32bfc810 |
655 | ); |
656 | |
657 | Class::MOP::Instance->meta->add_attribute( |
74890687 |
658 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('slots', |
659 | reader => { slots => \&Class::MOP::Instance::slots }, |
660 | ), |
86482605 |
661 | ); |
662 | |
63d08a9e |
663 | Class::MOP::Instance->meta->add_attribute( |
74890687 |
664 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('slot_hash', |
665 | reader => { slot_hash => \&Class::MOP::Instance::slot_hash }, |
666 | ), |
63d08a9e |
667 | ); |
668 | |
669 | |
caa051fa |
670 | # we need the meta instance of the meta instance to be created now, in order |
671 | # for the constructor to be able to use it |
672 | Class::MOP::Instance->meta->get_meta_instance; |
673 | |
caa051fa |
674 | # pretend the add_method never happenned. it hasn't yet affected anything |
675 | undef Class::MOP::Instance->meta->{_package_cache_flag}; |
676 | |
86482605 |
677 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
f0480c45 |
678 | ## Now close all the Class::MOP::* classes |
4d47b77f |
679 | |
1aa13cf4 |
680 | # NOTE: we don't need to inline the the accessors this only lengthens |
681 | # the compile time of the MOP, and gives us no actual benefits. |
0b9372a2 |
682 | |
683 | $_->meta->make_immutable( |
6c2f6b5c |
684 | inline_constructor => 1, |
685 | replace_constructor => 1, |
686 | constructor_name => "_new", |
45582002 |
687 | inline_accessors => 0, |
0b9372a2 |
688 | ) for qw/ |
1d68af04 |
689 | Class::MOP::Package |
690 | Class::MOP::Module |
691 | Class::MOP::Class |
692 | |
0b9372a2 |
693 | Class::MOP::Attribute |
1d68af04 |
694 | Class::MOP::Method |
695 | Class::MOP::Instance |
696 | |
697 | Class::MOP::Object |
0b9372a2 |
698 | |
565f0cbb |
699 | Class::MOP::Method::Generated |
1d68af04 |
700 | |
ba38bf08 |
701 | Class::MOP::Method::Accessor |
1d68af04 |
702 | Class::MOP::Method::Constructor |
703 | Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped |
0b9372a2 |
704 | /; |
b6164407 |
705 | |
94b19069 |
706 | 1; |
707 | |
708 | __END__ |
709 | |
710 | =pod |
711 | |
1d68af04 |
712 | =head1 NAME |
94b19069 |
713 | |
714 | Class::MOP - A Meta Object Protocol for Perl 5 |
715 | |
94b19069 |
716 | =head1 DESCRIPTON |
717 | |
127d39a7 |
718 | This module is a fully functioning meta object protocol for the |
1d68af04 |
719 | Perl 5 object system. It makes no attempt to change the behavior or |
720 | characteristics of the Perl 5 object system, only to create a |
27e31eaf |
721 | protocol for its manipulation and introspection. |
94b19069 |
722 | |
1d68af04 |
723 | That said, it does attempt to create the tools for building a rich |
724 | set of extensions to the Perl 5 object system. Every attempt has been |
725 | made for these tools to keep to the spirit of the Perl 5 object |
94b19069 |
726 | system that we all know and love. |
727 | |
1d68af04 |
728 | This documentation is admittedly sparse on details, as time permits |
729 | I will try to improve them. For now, I suggest looking at the items |
730 | listed in the L<SEE ALSO> section for more information. In particular |
731 | the book "The Art of the Meta Object Protocol" was very influential |
40483095 |
732 | in the development of this system. |
733 | |
bfe4d0fc |
734 | =head2 What is a Meta Object Protocol? |
735 | |
1d68af04 |
736 | A meta object protocol is an API to an object system. |
bfe4d0fc |
737 | |
1d68af04 |
738 | To be more specific, it is a set of abstractions of the components of |
739 | an object system (typically things like; classes, object, methods, |
740 | object attributes, etc.). These abstractions can then be used to both |
bfe4d0fc |
741 | inspect and manipulate the object system which they describe. |
742 | |
1d68af04 |
743 | It can be said that there are two MOPs for any object system; the |
744 | implicit MOP, and the explicit MOP. The implicit MOP handles things |
745 | like method dispatch or inheritance, which happen automatically as |
746 | part of how the object system works. The explicit MOP typically |
747 | handles the introspection/reflection features of the object system. |
748 | All object systems have implicit MOPs, without one, they would not |
749 | work. Explict MOPs however as less common, and depending on the |
750 | language can vary from restrictive (Reflection in Java or C#) to |
751 | wide open (CLOS is a perfect example). |
bfe4d0fc |
752 | |
e16da3e6 |
753 | =head2 Yet Another Class Builder!! Why? |
754 | |
1d68af04 |
755 | This is B<not> a class builder so much as it is a I<class builder |
756 | B<builder>>. My intent is that an end user does not use this module |
757 | directly, but instead this module is used by module authors to |
758 | build extensions and features onto the Perl 5 object system. |
e16da3e6 |
759 | |
94b19069 |
760 | =head2 Who is this module for? |
761 | |
1d68af04 |
762 | This module is specifically for anyone who has ever created or |
763 | wanted to create a module for the Class:: namespace. The tools which |
764 | this module will provide will hopefully make it easier to do more |
765 | complex things with Perl 5 classes by removing such barriers as |
766 | the need to hack the symbol tables, or understand the fine details |
767 | of method dispatch. |
94b19069 |
768 | |
bfe4d0fc |
769 | =head2 What changes do I have to make to use this module? |
770 | |
1d68af04 |
771 | This module was designed to be as unintrusive as possible. Many of |
772 | its features are accessible without B<any> change to your existsing |
773 | code at all. It is meant to be a compliment to your existing code and |
774 | not an intrusion on your code base. Unlike many other B<Class::> |
775 | modules, this module B<does not> require you subclass it, or even that |
776 | you C<use> it in within your module's package. |
bfe4d0fc |
777 | |
1d68af04 |
778 | The only features which requires additions to your code are the |
2eb717d5 |
779 | attribute handling and instance construction features, and these are |
1d68af04 |
780 | both completely optional features. The only reason for this is because |
781 | Perl 5's object system does not actually have these features built |
2eb717d5 |
782 | in. More information about this feature can be found below. |
bfe4d0fc |
783 | |
784 | =head2 A Note about Performance? |
785 | |
1d68af04 |
786 | It is a common misconception that explict MOPs are performance drains. |
787 | But this is not a universal truth at all, it is an side-effect of |
788 | specific implementations. For instance, using Java reflection is much |
789 | slower because the JVM cannot take advantage of any compiler |
790 | optimizations, and the JVM has to deal with much more runtime type |
791 | information as well. Reflection in C# is marginally better as it was |
792 | designed into the language and runtime (the CLR). In contrast, CLOS |
793 | (the Common Lisp Object System) was built to support an explicit MOP, |
794 | and so performance is tuned for it. |
795 | |
796 | This library in particular does it's absolute best to avoid putting |
797 | B<any> drain at all upon your code's performance. In fact, by itself |
798 | it does nothing to affect your existing code. So you only pay for |
2eb717d5 |
799 | what you actually use. |
bfe4d0fc |
800 | |
550d56db |
801 | =head2 About Metaclass compatibility |
802 | |
1d68af04 |
803 | This module makes sure that all metaclasses created are both upwards |
804 | and downwards compatible. The topic of metaclass compatibility is |
805 | highly esoteric and is something only encountered when doing deep and |
806 | involved metaclass hacking. There are two basic kinds of metaclass |
807 | incompatibility; upwards and downwards. |
550d56db |
808 | |
1d68af04 |
809 | Upwards metaclass compatibility means that the metaclass of a |
810 | given class is either the same as (or a subclass of) all of the |
550d56db |
811 | class's ancestors. |
812 | |
1d68af04 |
813 | Downward metaclass compatibility means that the metaclasses of a |
814 | given class's anscestors are all either the same as (or a subclass |
550d56db |
815 | of) that metaclass. |
816 | |
1d68af04 |
817 | Here is a diagram showing a set of two classes (C<A> and C<B>) and |
818 | two metaclasses (C<Meta::A> and C<Meta::B>) which have correct |
550d56db |
819 | metaclass compatibility both upwards and downwards. |
820 | |
821 | +---------+ +---------+ |
822 | | Meta::A |<----| Meta::B | <....... (instance of ) |
1d68af04 |
823 | +---------+ +---------+ <------- (inherits from) |
550d56db |
824 | ^ ^ |
825 | : : |
826 | +---------+ +---------+ |
827 | | A |<----| B | |
828 | +---------+ +---------+ |
829 | |
1d68af04 |
830 | As I said this is a highly esoteric topic and one you will only run |
831 | into if you do a lot of subclassing of B<Class::MOP::Class>. If you |
832 | are interested in why this is an issue see the paper |
833 | I<Uniform and safe metaclass composition> linked to in the |
550d56db |
834 | L<SEE ALSO> section of this document. |
835 | |
aa448b16 |
836 | =head2 Using custom metaclasses |
837 | |
1d68af04 |
838 | Always use the metaclass pragma when using a custom metaclass, this |
839 | will ensure the proper initialization order and not accidentely |
840 | create an incorrect type of metaclass for you. This is a very rare |
841 | problem, and one which can only occur if you are doing deep metaclass |
aa448b16 |
842 | programming. So in other words, don't worry about it. |
843 | |
94b19069 |
844 | =head1 PROTOCOLS |
845 | |
127d39a7 |
846 | The protocol is divided into 4 main sub-protocols: |
94b19069 |
847 | |
848 | =over 4 |
849 | |
850 | =item The Class protocol |
851 | |
1d68af04 |
852 | This provides a means of manipulating and introspecting a Perl 5 |
853 | class. It handles all of symbol table hacking for you, and provides |
94b19069 |
854 | a rich set of methods that go beyond simple package introspection. |
855 | |
552e3d24 |
856 | See L<Class::MOP::Class> for more details. |
857 | |
94b19069 |
858 | =item The Attribute protocol |
859 | |
1d68af04 |
860 | This provides a consistent represenation for an attribute of a |
861 | Perl 5 class. Since there are so many ways to create and handle |
127d39a7 |
862 | attributes in Perl 5 OO, this attempts to provide as much of a |
1d68af04 |
863 | unified approach as possible, while giving the freedom and |
94b19069 |
864 | flexibility to subclass for specialization. |
865 | |
552e3d24 |
866 | See L<Class::MOP::Attribute> for more details. |
867 | |
94b19069 |
868 | =item The Method protocol |
869 | |
1d68af04 |
870 | This provides a means of manipulating and introspecting methods in |
871 | the Perl 5 object system. As with attributes, there are many ways to |
872 | approach this topic, so we try to keep it pretty basic, while still |
94b19069 |
873 | making it possible to extend the system in many ways. |
874 | |
552e3d24 |
875 | See L<Class::MOP::Method> for more details. |
94b19069 |
876 | |
127d39a7 |
877 | =item The Instance protocol |
878 | |
879 | This provides a layer of abstraction for creating object instances. |
880 | Since the other layers use this protocol, it is relatively easy to |
881 | change the type of your instances from the default HASH ref to other |
882 | types of references. Several examples are provided in the F<examples/> |
883 | directory included in this distribution. |
884 | |
885 | See L<Class::MOP::Instance> for more details. |
886 | |
94b19069 |
887 | =back |
888 | |
be7677c7 |
889 | =head1 FUNCTIONS |
890 | |
c1d5345a |
891 | =head2 Constants |
892 | |
893 | =over 4 |
894 | |
895 | =item I<IS_RUNNING_ON_5_10> |
896 | |
897 | We set this constant depending on what version perl we are on, this |
898 | allows us to take advantage of new 5.10 features and stay backwards |
899 | compat. |
900 | |
9efe16ca |
901 | =item I<HAVE_ISAREV> |
902 | |
903 | Whether or not C<mro> provides C<get_isarev>, a much faster way to get all the |
904 | subclasses of a certain class. |
905 | |
1f6240bf |
906 | =item I<USING_XS> |
907 | |
908 | Whether or not the running C<Class::MOP> is using its XS version. |
909 | |
c1d5345a |
910 | =back |
911 | |
448b6e55 |
912 | =head2 Utility functions |
913 | |
bd07fbdb |
914 | Note that these are all called as B<functions, not methods>. |
081a927b |
915 | |
448b6e55 |
916 | =over 4 |
917 | |
918 | =item B<load_class ($class_name)> |
919 | |
1d68af04 |
920 | This will load a given C<$class_name> and if it does not have an |
448b6e55 |
921 | already initialized metaclass, then it will intialize one for it. |
127d39a7 |
922 | This function can be used in place of tricks like |
923 | C<eval "use $module"> or using C<require>. |
448b6e55 |
924 | |
925 | =item B<is_class_loaded ($class_name)> |
926 | |
1d68af04 |
927 | This will return a boolean depending on if the C<$class_name> has |
928 | been loaded. |
448b6e55 |
929 | |
1d68af04 |
930 | NOTE: This does a basic check of the symbol table to try and |
448b6e55 |
931 | determine as best it can if the C<$class_name> is loaded, it |
1d68af04 |
932 | is probably correct about 99% of the time. |
448b6e55 |
933 | |
b1f5f41d |
934 | =item B<check_package_cache_flag ($pkg)> |
e0e4674a |
935 | |
bd07fbdb |
936 | B<NOTE: DO NOT USE THIS FUNCTION, IT IS FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY!> |
937 | |
127d39a7 |
938 | This will return an integer that is managed by C<Class::MOP::Class> |
939 | to determine if a module's symbol table has been altered. |
940 | |
941 | In Perl 5.10 or greater, this flag is package specific. However in |
942 | versions prior to 5.10, this will use the C<PL_sub_generation> variable |
943 | which is not package specific. |
944 | |
e0e4674a |
945 | =item B<get_code_info ($code)> |
946 | |
bd07fbdb |
947 | B<NOTE: DO NOT USE THIS FUNCTION, IT IS FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY!> |
948 | |
127d39a7 |
949 | This function returns two values, the name of the package the C<$code> |
950 | is from and the name of the C<$code> itself. This is used by several |
951 | elements of the MOP to detemine where a given C<$code> reference is from. |
952 | |
4c105333 |
953 | =item B<subname ($name, $code)> |
954 | |
955 | B<NOTE: DO NOT USE THIS FUNCTION, IT IS FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY!> |
956 | |
957 | If possible, we will load the L<Sub::Name> module and this will function |
958 | as C<Sub::Name::subname> does, otherwise it will just return the C<$code> |
959 | argument. |
960 | |
6f49cf3f |
961 | =item B<in_global_destruction> |
962 | |
bd07fbdb |
963 | B<NOTE: DO NOT USE THIS FUNCTION, IT IS FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY!> |
964 | |
6f49cf3f |
965 | If L<Devel::GlobalDestruction> is available, this returns true under global |
966 | destruction. |
967 | |
968 | Otherwise it's a constant returning false. |
969 | |
063ad0c5 |
970 | =item B<load_first_existing_class ($class_name, [$class_name, ...])> |
971 | |
972 | B<NOTE: DO NOT USE THIS FUNCTION, IT IS FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY!> |
973 | |
974 | Given a list of class names, this function will attempt to load each |
975 | one in turn. |
976 | |
1d8153bd |
977 | If it finds a class it can load, it will return that class' name. |
978 | If none of the classes can be loaded, it will throw an exception. |
063ad0c5 |
979 | |
448b6e55 |
980 | =back |
981 | |
982 | =head2 Metaclass cache functions |
983 | |
6c842677 |
984 | Class::MOP holds a cache of metaclasses. The following are functions |
1d68af04 |
985 | (B<not methods>) which can be used to access that cache. It is not |
6c842677 |
986 | recommended that you mess with these. Bad things could happen, but if |
987 | you are brave and willing to risk it: go for it! |
be7677c7 |
988 | |
989 | =over 4 |
990 | |
991 | =item B<get_all_metaclasses> |
992 | |
6c842677 |
993 | This will return a hash of all the metaclass instances that have |
994 | been cached by B<Class::MOP::Class>, keyed by the package name. |
b9d9fc0b |
995 | |
be7677c7 |
996 | =item B<get_all_metaclass_instances> |
997 | |
6c842677 |
998 | This will return a list of all the metaclass instances that have |
b9d9fc0b |
999 | been cached by B<Class::MOP::Class>. |
1000 | |
be7677c7 |
1001 | =item B<get_all_metaclass_names> |
1002 | |
6c842677 |
1003 | This will return a list of all the metaclass names that have |
b9d9fc0b |
1004 | been cached by B<Class::MOP::Class>. |
1005 | |
be7677c7 |
1006 | =item B<get_metaclass_by_name ($name)> |
1007 | |
e5ca9cbb |
1008 | This will return a cached B<Class::MOP::Class> instance, or nothing |
6c842677 |
1009 | if no metaclass exists with that C<$name>. |
127d39a7 |
1010 | |
be7677c7 |
1011 | =item B<store_metaclass_by_name ($name, $meta)> |
1012 | |
127d39a7 |
1013 | This will store a metaclass in the cache at the supplied C<$key>. |
1014 | |
be7677c7 |
1015 | =item B<weaken_metaclass ($name)> |
1016 | |
6c842677 |
1017 | In rare cases (e.g. anonymous metaclasses) it is desirable to |
1018 | store a weakened reference in the metaclass cache. This |
1019 | function will weaken the reference to the metaclass stored |
1020 | in C<$name>. |
127d39a7 |
1021 | |
be7677c7 |
1022 | =item B<does_metaclass_exist ($name)> |
1023 | |
127d39a7 |
1024 | This will return true of there exists a metaclass stored in the |
6c842677 |
1025 | C<$name> key, and return false otherwise. |
127d39a7 |
1026 | |
be7677c7 |
1027 | =item B<remove_metaclass_by_name ($name)> |
1028 | |
6c842677 |
1029 | This will remove the metaclass stored in the C<$name> key. |
127d39a7 |
1030 | |
be7677c7 |
1031 | =back |
1032 | |
552e3d24 |
1033 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
8b978dd5 |
1034 | |
552e3d24 |
1035 | =head2 Books |
8b978dd5 |
1036 | |
1d68af04 |
1037 | There are very few books out on Meta Object Protocols and Metaclasses |
1038 | because it is such an esoteric topic. The following books are really |
1039 | the only ones I have found. If you know of any more, B<I<please>> |
a2e85e6c |
1040 | email me and let me know, I would love to hear about them. |
1041 | |
8b978dd5 |
1042 | =over 4 |
1043 | |
552e3d24 |
1044 | =item "The Art of the Meta Object Protocol" |
8b978dd5 |
1045 | |
552e3d24 |
1046 | =item "Advances in Object-Oriented Metalevel Architecture and Reflection" |
8b978dd5 |
1047 | |
b51af7f9 |
1048 | =item "Putting MetaClasses to Work" |
1049 | |
a2e85e6c |
1050 | =item "Smalltalk: The Language" |
1051 | |
94b19069 |
1052 | =back |
1053 | |
550d56db |
1054 | =head2 Papers |
1055 | |
1056 | =over 4 |
1057 | |
1058 | =item Uniform and safe metaclass composition |
1059 | |
1d68af04 |
1060 | An excellent paper by the people who brought us the original Traits paper. |
1061 | This paper is on how Traits can be used to do safe metaclass composition, |
1062 | and offers an excellent introduction section which delves into the topic of |
550d56db |
1063 | metaclass compatibility. |
1064 | |
1065 | L<http://www.iam.unibe.ch/~scg/Archive/Papers/Duca05ySafeMetaclassTrait.pdf> |
1066 | |
1067 | =item Safe Metaclass Programming |
1068 | |
1d68af04 |
1069 | This paper seems to precede the above paper, and propose a mix-in based |
1070 | approach as opposed to the Traits based approach. Both papers have similar |
1071 | information on the metaclass compatibility problem space. |
550d56db |
1072 | |
1073 | L<http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/37617.html> |
1074 | |
1075 | =back |
1076 | |
552e3d24 |
1077 | =head2 Prior Art |
8b978dd5 |
1078 | |
1079 | =over 4 |
1080 | |
7184ca14 |
1081 | =item The Perl 6 MetaModel work in the Pugs project |
8b978dd5 |
1082 | |
1083 | =over 4 |
1084 | |
552e3d24 |
1085 | =item L<http://svn.openfoundry.org/pugs/perl5/Perl6-MetaModel> |
8b978dd5 |
1086 | |
552e3d24 |
1087 | =item L<http://svn.openfoundry.org/pugs/perl5/Perl6-ObjectSpace> |
8b978dd5 |
1088 | |
1089 | =back |
1090 | |
94b19069 |
1091 | =back |
1092 | |
1d68af04 |
1093 | =head2 Articles |
f8dfcfb7 |
1094 | |
1095 | =over 4 |
1096 | |
1d68af04 |
1097 | =item CPAN Module Review of Class::MOP |
f8dfcfb7 |
1098 | |
1099 | L<http://www.oreillynet.com/onlamp/blog/2006/06/cpan_module_review_classmop.html> |
1100 | |
1101 | =back |
1102 | |
a2e85e6c |
1103 | =head1 SIMILAR MODULES |
1104 | |
1d68af04 |
1105 | As I have said above, this module is a class-builder-builder, so it is |
1106 | not the same thing as modules like L<Class::Accessor> and |
1107 | L<Class::MethodMaker>. That being said there are very few modules on CPAN |
1108 | with similar goals to this module. The one I have found which is most |
1109 | like this module is L<Class::Meta>, although it's philosophy and the MOP it |
1110 | creates are very different from this modules. |
94b19069 |
1111 | |
a2e85e6c |
1112 | =head1 BUGS |
1113 | |
1d68af04 |
1114 | All complex software has bugs lurking in it, and this module is no |
a2e85e6c |
1115 | exception. If you find a bug please either email me, or add the bug |
1116 | to cpan-RT. |
1117 | |
1118 | =head1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS |
1119 | |
1120 | =over 4 |
1121 | |
b9d9fc0b |
1122 | =item Rob Kinyon |
a2e85e6c |
1123 | |
1d68af04 |
1124 | Thanks to Rob for actually getting the development of this module kick-started. |
a2e85e6c |
1125 | |
1126 | =back |
1127 | |
1a09d9cc |
1128 | =head1 AUTHORS |
94b19069 |
1129 | |
a2e85e6c |
1130 | Stevan Little E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt> |
552e3d24 |
1131 | |
9c8cda90 |
1132 | B<with contributions from:> |
1133 | |
1134 | Brandon (blblack) Black |
1135 | |
4f116037 |
1136 | Florian (rafl) Ragwitz |
1137 | |
9c8cda90 |
1138 | Guillermo (groditi) Roditi |
1139 | |
9195ddff |
1140 | Matt (mst) Trout |
1141 | |
9c8cda90 |
1142 | Rob (robkinyon) Kinyon |
1143 | |
1144 | Yuval (nothingmuch) Kogman |
1a09d9cc |
1145 | |
f430cfa4 |
1146 | Scott (konobi) McWhirter |
1147 | |
94b19069 |
1148 | =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE |
1149 | |
69e3ab0a |
1150 | Copyright 2006-2008 by Infinity Interactive, Inc. |
94b19069 |
1151 | |
1152 | L<http://www.iinteractive.com> |
1153 | |
1154 | This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
1d68af04 |
1155 | it under the same terms as Perl itself. |
94b19069 |
1156 | |
1157 | =cut |