Commit | Line | Data |
94b19069 |
1 | |
2 | package Class::MOP; |
3 | |
4 | use strict; |
5 | use warnings; |
6 | |
5a2932cf |
7 | use 5.008; |
8 | |
3cf322a0 |
9 | use MRO::Compat; |
10 | |
4c105333 |
11 | use Carp 'confess'; |
41fc2d0f |
12 | use Scalar::Util 'weaken', 'reftype'; |
8b978dd5 |
13 | |
fc4f8f91 |
14 | |
0531f510 |
15 | use Class::MOP::Class; |
16 | use Class::MOP::Attribute; |
17 | use Class::MOP::Method; |
18 | |
19 | use Class::MOP::Immutable; |
20 | |
b1f5f41d |
21 | BEGIN { |
11b56828 |
22 | *IS_RUNNING_ON_5_10 = ($] < 5.009_005) |
23 | ? sub () { 0 } |
4c105333 |
24 | : sub () { 1 }; |
46b23b44 |
25 | |
9efe16ca |
26 | *HAVE_ISAREV = defined(&mro::get_isarev) |
27 | ? sub () { 1 } |
28 | : sub () { 1 }; |
3ecd1b25 |
29 | |
30 | # this is either part of core or set up appropriately by MRO::Compat |
31 | *check_package_cache_flag = \&mro::get_pkg_gen; |
b1f5f41d |
32 | } |
e0e4674a |
33 | |
28fa06b5 |
34 | our $VERSION = '0.78'; |
8a7085c1 |
35 | our $XS_VERSION = $VERSION; |
d519662a |
36 | $VERSION = eval $VERSION; |
fc4f8f91 |
37 | our $AUTHORITY = 'cpan:STEVAN'; |
9d655b6d |
38 | |
d7bda114 |
39 | _try_load_xs() or _load_pure_perl(); |
40 | |
41 | sub _try_load_xs { |
42 | return if $ENV{CLASS_MOP_NO_XS}; |
43 | |
0531f510 |
44 | my $e = do { |
45 | local $@; |
46 | eval { |
47 | require XSLoader; |
d7bda114 |
48 | # just doing this - no warnings 'redefine' - doesn't work |
49 | # for some reason |
50 | local $^W = 0; |
8a7085c1 |
51 | __PACKAGE__->XSLoader::load($XS_VERSION); |
3ecd1b25 |
52 | |
53 | require Sub::Name; |
54 | Sub::Name->import(qw(subname)); |
55 | |
56 | require Devel::GlobalDestruction; |
57 | Devel::GlobalDestruction->import("in_global_destruction"); |
9d655b6d |
58 | |
59 | *USING_XS = sub () { 1 }; |
0531f510 |
60 | }; |
61 | $@; |
62 | }; |
15273f3c |
63 | |
0531f510 |
64 | die $e if $e && $e !~ /object version|loadable object/; |
d7bda114 |
65 | |
66 | return $e ? 0 : 1; |
0531f510 |
67 | } |
15273f3c |
68 | |
d7bda114 |
69 | sub _load_pure_perl { |
70 | require Sub::Identify; |
71 | Sub::Identify->import('get_code_info'); |
3ecd1b25 |
72 | |
73 | *subname = sub { $_[1] }; |
9d655b6d |
74 | *in_global_destruction = sub () { !1 }; |
75 | |
76 | *USING_XS = sub () { 0 }; |
d7bda114 |
77 | } |
78 | |
79 | |
be7677c7 |
80 | { |
81 | # Metaclasses are singletons, so we cache them here. |
82 | # there is no need to worry about destruction though |
83 | # because they should die only when the program dies. |
84 | # After all, do package definitions even get reaped? |
1d68af04 |
85 | my %METAS; |
86 | |
87 | # means of accessing all the metaclasses that have |
be7677c7 |
88 | # been initialized thus far (for mugwumps obj browser) |
1d68af04 |
89 | sub get_all_metaclasses { %METAS } |
90 | sub get_all_metaclass_instances { values %METAS } |
91 | sub get_all_metaclass_names { keys %METAS } |
be7677c7 |
92 | sub get_metaclass_by_name { $METAS{$_[0]} } |
1d68af04 |
93 | sub store_metaclass_by_name { $METAS{$_[0]} = $_[1] } |
94 | sub weaken_metaclass { weaken($METAS{$_[0]}) } |
be7677c7 |
95 | sub does_metaclass_exist { exists $METAS{$_[0]} && defined $METAS{$_[0]} } |
1d68af04 |
96 | sub remove_metaclass_by_name { $METAS{$_[0]} = undef } |
97 | |
be7677c7 |
98 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
99 | # We only cache metaclasses, meaning instances of |
100 | # Class::MOP::Class. We do not cache instance of |
be7677c7 |
101 | # Class::MOP::Package or Class::MOP::Module. Mostly |
1d68af04 |
102 | # because I don't yet see a good reason to do so. |
be7677c7 |
103 | } |
104 | |
063ad0c5 |
105 | sub load_first_existing_class { |
f280f05c |
106 | my @classes = @_ |
107 | or return; |
5a24cf8a |
108 | |
109 | foreach my $class (@classes) { |
110 | unless ( _is_valid_class_name($class) ) { |
111 | my $display = defined($class) ? $class : 'undef'; |
112 | confess "Invalid class name ($display)"; |
113 | } |
ab5e2f48 |
114 | } |
115 | |
063ad0c5 |
116 | my $found; |
5a24cf8a |
117 | my %exceptions; |
063ad0c5 |
118 | for my $class (@classes) { |
119 | my $e = _try_load_one_class($class); |
120 | |
5a24cf8a |
121 | if ($e) { |
063ad0c5 |
122 | $exceptions{$class} = $e; |
5a24cf8a |
123 | } |
124 | else { |
063ad0c5 |
125 | $found = $class; |
126 | last; |
5a24cf8a |
127 | } |
063ad0c5 |
128 | } |
5a24cf8a |
129 | |
1d8153bd |
130 | return $found if $found; |
07940968 |
131 | |
063ad0c5 |
132 | confess join( |
133 | "\n", |
134 | map { |
135 | sprintf( |
fea44045 |
136 | "Could not load class (%s) because : %s", $_, |
063ad0c5 |
137 | $exceptions{$_} |
138 | ) |
139 | } @classes |
f280f05c |
140 | ); |
5a24cf8a |
141 | } |
142 | |
063ad0c5 |
143 | sub _try_load_one_class { |
144 | my $class = shift; |
145 | |
146 | return if is_class_loaded($class); |
147 | |
148 | my $file = $class . '.pm'; |
149 | $file =~ s{::}{/}g; |
150 | |
151 | return do { |
152 | local $@; |
153 | eval { require($file) }; |
154 | $@; |
155 | }; |
156 | } |
157 | |
5a24cf8a |
158 | sub load_class { |
1d8153bd |
159 | my $class = load_first_existing_class($_[0]); |
160 | return get_metaclass_by_name($class) || $class; |
448b6e55 |
161 | } |
162 | |
2c0fb064 |
163 | sub _is_valid_class_name { |
164 | my $class = shift; |
165 | |
166 | return 0 if ref($class); |
167 | return 0 unless defined($class); |
168 | return 0 unless length($class); |
169 | |
170 | return 1 if $class =~ /^\w+(?:::\w+)*$/; |
171 | |
172 | return 0; |
173 | } |
174 | |
448b6e55 |
175 | sub is_class_loaded { |
c1d5345a |
176 | my $class = shift; |
26fcef27 |
177 | |
bd5672fb |
178 | return 0 unless _is_valid_class_name($class); |
26fcef27 |
179 | |
180 | # walk the symbol table tree to avoid autovififying |
181 | # \*{${main::}{"Foo::"}} == \*main::Foo:: |
182 | |
183 | my $pack = \*::; |
184 | foreach my $part (split('::', $class)) { |
185 | return 0 unless exists ${$$pack}{"${part}::"}; |
186 | $pack = \*{${$$pack}{"${part}::"}}; |
c1d5345a |
187 | } |
26fcef27 |
188 | |
41fc2d0f |
189 | # We used to check in the package stash, but it turns out that |
190 | # *{${$$package}{VERSION}{SCALAR}} can end up pointing to a |
191 | # reference to undef. It looks |
192 | |
193 | my $version = do { |
194 | no strict 'refs'; |
195 | ${$class . '::VERSION'}; |
196 | }; |
197 | |
198 | return 1 if ! ref $version && defined $version; |
199 | # Sometimes $VERSION ends up as a reference to undef (weird) |
200 | return 1 if ref $version && reftype $version eq 'SCALAR' && defined ${$version}; |
201 | |
26fcef27 |
202 | return 1 if exists ${$$pack}{ISA} |
203 | && defined *{${$$pack}{ISA}}{ARRAY}; |
204 | |
205 | # check for any method |
206 | foreach ( keys %{$$pack} ) { |
207 | next if substr($_, -2, 2) eq '::'; |
d5be3722 |
208 | |
209 | my $glob = ${$$pack}{$_} || next; |
210 | |
9e275e86 |
211 | # constant subs |
d5be3722 |
212 | if ( IS_RUNNING_ON_5_10 ) { |
213 | return 1 if ref $glob eq 'SCALAR'; |
214 | } |
215 | |
216 | return 1 if defined *{$glob}{CODE}; |
26fcef27 |
217 | } |
218 | |
219 | # fail |
c1d5345a |
220 | return 0; |
448b6e55 |
221 | } |
222 | |
223 | |
aa448b16 |
224 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
225 | ## Setting up our environment ... |
226 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
1d68af04 |
227 | ## Class::MOP needs to have a few things in the global perl environment so |
aa448b16 |
228 | ## that it can operate effectively. Those things are done here. |
229 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
230 | |
3bf7644b |
231 | # ... nothing yet actually ;) |
8b978dd5 |
232 | |
b51af7f9 |
233 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
1d68af04 |
234 | ## Bootstrapping |
b51af7f9 |
235 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
1d68af04 |
236 | ## The code below here is to bootstrap our MOP with itself. This is also |
b51af7f9 |
237 | ## sometimes called "tying the knot". By doing this, we make it much easier |
238 | ## to extend the MOP through subclassing and such since now you can use the |
1d68af04 |
239 | ## MOP itself to extend itself. |
240 | ## |
b51af7f9 |
241 | ## Yes, I know, thats weird and insane, but it's a good thing, trust me :) |
1d68af04 |
242 | ## ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
727919c5 |
243 | |
1d68af04 |
244 | # We need to add in the meta-attributes here so that |
245 | # any subclass of Class::MOP::* will be able to |
727919c5 |
246 | # inherit them using &construct_instance |
247 | |
f0480c45 |
248 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
6d5355c3 |
249 | ## Class::MOP::Package |
727919c5 |
250 | |
6d5355c3 |
251 | Class::MOP::Package->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
252 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('package' => ( |
b880e0de |
253 | reader => { |
1d68af04 |
254 | # NOTE: we need to do this in order |
255 | # for the instance meta-object to |
b880e0de |
256 | # not fall into meta-circular death |
1d68af04 |
257 | # |
ce2ae40f |
258 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
259 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
260 | 'name' => \&Class::MOP::Package::name |
b880e0de |
261 | }, |
727919c5 |
262 | )) |
263 | ); |
264 | |
a5e51f0b |
265 | Class::MOP::Package->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
266 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('namespace' => ( |
a5e51f0b |
267 | reader => { |
56dcfc1a |
268 | # NOTE: |
ce2ae40f |
269 | # we just alias the original method |
270 | # rather than re-produce it here |
271 | 'namespace' => \&Class::MOP::Package::namespace |
a5e51f0b |
272 | }, |
2e877f58 |
273 | init_arg => undef, |
c4260b45 |
274 | default => sub { \undef } |
a5e51f0b |
275 | )) |
276 | ); |
277 | |
f0480c45 |
278 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
279 | ## Class::MOP::Module |
280 | |
281 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
282 | # yeah this is kind of stretching things a bit, |
f0480c45 |
283 | # but truthfully the version should be an attribute |
1d68af04 |
284 | # of the Module, the weirdness comes from having to |
285 | # stick to Perl 5 convention and store it in the |
286 | # $VERSION package variable. Basically if you just |
287 | # squint at it, it will look how you want it to look. |
f0480c45 |
288 | # Either as a package variable, or as a attribute of |
289 | # the metaclass, isn't abstraction great :) |
290 | |
291 | Class::MOP::Module->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
292 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('version' => ( |
f0480c45 |
293 | reader => { |
ce2ae40f |
294 | # NOTE: |
295 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
296 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
297 | 'version' => \&Class::MOP::Module::version |
f0480c45 |
298 | }, |
2e877f58 |
299 | init_arg => undef, |
c4260b45 |
300 | default => sub { \undef } |
f0480c45 |
301 | )) |
302 | ); |
303 | |
304 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
305 | # By following the same conventions as version here, |
306 | # we are opening up the possibility that people can |
307 | # use the $AUTHORITY in non-Class::MOP modules as |
308 | # well. |
f0480c45 |
309 | |
310 | Class::MOP::Module->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
311 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('authority' => ( |
f0480c45 |
312 | reader => { |
ce2ae40f |
313 | # NOTE: |
314 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
315 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
316 | 'authority' => \&Class::MOP::Module::authority |
1d68af04 |
317 | }, |
2e877f58 |
318 | init_arg => undef, |
c4260b45 |
319 | default => sub { \undef } |
f0480c45 |
320 | )) |
321 | ); |
322 | |
323 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
6d5355c3 |
324 | ## Class::MOP::Class |
325 | |
727919c5 |
326 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
327 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('attributes' => ( |
f7259199 |
328 | reader => { |
1d68af04 |
329 | # NOTE: we need to do this in order |
330 | # for the instance meta-object to |
331 | # not fall into meta-circular death |
332 | # |
ce2ae40f |
333 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
334 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
335 | 'get_attribute_map' => \&Class::MOP::Class::get_attribute_map |
f7259199 |
336 | }, |
727919c5 |
337 | default => sub { {} } |
338 | )) |
339 | ); |
340 | |
351bd7d4 |
341 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
342 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('methods' => ( |
1d68af04 |
343 | reader => { |
ce2ae40f |
344 | # NOTE: |
345 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
346 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
347 | 'get_method_map' => \&Class::MOP::Class::get_method_map |
92330ee2 |
348 | }, |
7855ddba |
349 | default => sub { {} } |
c4260b45 |
350 | )) |
351 | ); |
352 | |
353 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
354 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('superclasses' => ( |
c23184fc |
355 | accessor => { |
356 | # NOTE: |
357 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
358 | # rather than re-produce it here |
c23184fc |
359 | 'superclasses' => \&Class::MOP::Class::superclasses |
360 | }, |
2e877f58 |
361 | init_arg => undef, |
c23184fc |
362 | default => sub { \undef } |
363 | )) |
364 | ); |
365 | |
366 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
367 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('attribute_metaclass' => ( |
1d68af04 |
368 | reader => { |
6d2118a4 |
369 | # NOTE: |
370 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
371 | # rather than re-produce it here |
6d2118a4 |
372 | 'attribute_metaclass' => \&Class::MOP::Class::attribute_metaclass |
1d68af04 |
373 | }, |
351bd7d4 |
374 | default => 'Class::MOP::Attribute', |
375 | )) |
376 | ); |
377 | |
378 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
379 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('method_metaclass' => ( |
1d68af04 |
380 | reader => { |
6d2118a4 |
381 | # NOTE: |
382 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
383 | # rather than re-produce it here |
6d2118a4 |
384 | 'method_metaclass' => \&Class::MOP::Class::method_metaclass |
385 | }, |
1d68af04 |
386 | default => 'Class::MOP::Method', |
351bd7d4 |
387 | )) |
388 | ); |
389 | |
2bab2be6 |
390 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
77373da8 |
391 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('wrapped_method_metaclass' => ( |
392 | reader => { |
393 | # NOTE: |
394 | # we just alias the original method |
395 | # rather than re-produce it here |
396 | 'wrapped_method_metaclass' => \&Class::MOP::Class::wrapped_method_metaclass |
397 | }, |
398 | default => 'Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped', |
399 | )) |
400 | ); |
401 | |
402 | Class::MOP::Class->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
403 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('instance_metaclass' => ( |
b880e0de |
404 | reader => { |
1d68af04 |
405 | # NOTE: we need to do this in order |
406 | # for the instance meta-object to |
407 | # not fall into meta-circular death |
408 | # |
ce2ae40f |
409 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
410 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
411 | 'instance_metaclass' => \&Class::MOP::Class::instance_metaclass |
b880e0de |
412 | }, |
1d68af04 |
413 | default => 'Class::MOP::Instance', |
2bab2be6 |
414 | )) |
415 | ); |
416 | |
9d6dce77 |
417 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
418 | # we don't actually need to tie the knot with |
419 | # Class::MOP::Class here, it is actually handled |
420 | # within Class::MOP::Class itself in the |
421 | # construct_class_instance method. |
9d6dce77 |
422 | |
f0480c45 |
423 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
727919c5 |
424 | ## Class::MOP::Attribute |
425 | |
7b31baf4 |
426 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
427 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('name' => ( |
c23184fc |
428 | reader => { |
1d68af04 |
429 | # NOTE: we need to do this in order |
430 | # for the instance meta-object to |
431 | # not fall into meta-circular death |
432 | # |
ce2ae40f |
433 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
434 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
435 | 'name' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::name |
b880e0de |
436 | } |
7b31baf4 |
437 | )) |
438 | ); |
439 | |
440 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
441 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('associated_class' => ( |
c23184fc |
442 | reader => { |
1d68af04 |
443 | # NOTE: we need to do this in order |
444 | # for the instance meta-object to |
445 | # not fall into meta-circular death |
446 | # |
ce2ae40f |
447 | # we just alias the original method |
1d68af04 |
448 | # rather than re-produce it here |
ce2ae40f |
449 | 'associated_class' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::associated_class |
b880e0de |
450 | } |
7b31baf4 |
451 | )) |
452 | ); |
453 | |
454 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
455 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('accessor' => ( |
6d2118a4 |
456 | reader => { 'accessor' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::accessor }, |
457 | predicate => { 'has_accessor' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_accessor }, |
7b31baf4 |
458 | )) |
459 | ); |
460 | |
461 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
462 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('reader' => ( |
6d2118a4 |
463 | reader => { 'reader' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::reader }, |
464 | predicate => { 'has_reader' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_reader }, |
7b31baf4 |
465 | )) |
466 | ); |
467 | |
468 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
469 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('initializer' => ( |
8ee74136 |
470 | reader => { 'initializer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::initializer }, |
471 | predicate => { 'has_initializer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_initializer }, |
0ab65f99 |
472 | )) |
473 | ); |
474 | |
475 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
d9d99689 |
476 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('definition_context' => ( |
477 | reader => { 'definition_context' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::definition_context }, |
478 | )) |
479 | ); |
480 | |
481 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
482 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('writer' => ( |
6d2118a4 |
483 | reader => { 'writer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::writer }, |
484 | predicate => { 'has_writer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_writer }, |
7b31baf4 |
485 | )) |
486 | ); |
487 | |
488 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
489 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('predicate' => ( |
6d2118a4 |
490 | reader => { 'predicate' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::predicate }, |
491 | predicate => { 'has_predicate' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_predicate }, |
7b31baf4 |
492 | )) |
493 | ); |
494 | |
495 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
496 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('clearer' => ( |
6d2118a4 |
497 | reader => { 'clearer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::clearer }, |
498 | predicate => { 'has_clearer' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_clearer }, |
7d28758b |
499 | )) |
500 | ); |
501 | |
502 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
503 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('builder' => ( |
1d68af04 |
504 | reader => { 'builder' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::builder }, |
505 | predicate => { 'has_builder' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_builder }, |
506 | )) |
507 | ); |
508 | |
509 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
510 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('init_arg' => ( |
6d2118a4 |
511 | reader => { 'init_arg' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::init_arg }, |
512 | predicate => { 'has_init_arg' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_init_arg }, |
7b31baf4 |
513 | )) |
514 | ); |
515 | |
516 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
517 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('default' => ( |
7b31baf4 |
518 | # default has a custom 'reader' method ... |
1d68af04 |
519 | predicate => { 'has_default' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::has_default }, |
7b31baf4 |
520 | )) |
521 | ); |
522 | |
3545c727 |
523 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
524 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('associated_methods' => ( |
c23184fc |
525 | reader => { 'associated_methods' => \&Class::MOP::Attribute::associated_methods }, |
1d68af04 |
526 | default => sub { [] } |
3545c727 |
527 | )) |
528 | ); |
727919c5 |
529 | |
5659d76e |
530 | Class::MOP::Attribute->meta->add_method('clone' => sub { |
a740253a |
531 | my $self = shift; |
1d68af04 |
532 | $self->meta->clone_object($self, @_); |
727919c5 |
533 | }); |
534 | |
f0480c45 |
535 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
b6164407 |
536 | ## Class::MOP::Method |
b6164407 |
537 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
538 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('body' => ( |
c23184fc |
539 | reader => { 'body' => \&Class::MOP::Method::body }, |
b6164407 |
540 | )) |
541 | ); |
542 | |
4c105333 |
543 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_attribute( |
5e607260 |
544 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('associated_metaclass' => ( |
5e607260 |
545 | reader => { 'associated_metaclass' => \&Class::MOP::Method::associated_metaclass }, |
546 | )) |
547 | ); |
548 | |
549 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
550 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('package_name' => ( |
4c105333 |
551 | reader => { 'package_name' => \&Class::MOP::Method::package_name }, |
552 | )) |
553 | ); |
554 | |
555 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
556 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('name' => ( |
4c105333 |
557 | reader => { 'name' => \&Class::MOP::Method::name }, |
558 | )) |
559 | ); |
560 | |
2226a8b0 |
561 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_attribute( |
562 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('original_method' => ( |
563 | reader => { 'original_method' => \&Class::MOP::Method::original_method }, |
564 | writer => { '_set_original_method' => \&Class::MOP::Method::_set_original_method }, |
565 | )) |
566 | ); |
567 | |
4c105333 |
568 | Class::MOP::Method->meta->add_method('clone' => sub { |
569 | my $self = shift; |
2226a8b0 |
570 | my $clone = $self->meta->clone_object($self, @_); |
571 | $clone->_set_original_method($self); |
572 | return $clone; |
4c105333 |
573 | }); |
574 | |
b6164407 |
575 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
576 | ## Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped |
577 | |
578 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
579 | # the way this item is initialized, this |
580 | # really does not follow the standard |
581 | # practices of attributes, but we put |
b6164407 |
582 | # it here for completeness |
583 | Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
584 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('modifier_table') |
b6164407 |
585 | ); |
586 | |
587 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
565f0cbb |
588 | ## Class::MOP::Method::Generated |
589 | |
590 | Class::MOP::Method::Generated->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
591 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('is_inline' => ( |
565f0cbb |
592 | reader => { 'is_inline' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Generated::is_inline }, |
4c105333 |
593 | default => 0, |
1d68af04 |
594 | )) |
565f0cbb |
595 | ); |
596 | |
d9d99689 |
597 | Class::MOP::Method::Generated->meta->add_attribute( |
598 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('definition_context' => ( |
599 | reader => { 'definition_context' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Generated::definition_context }, |
600 | )) |
601 | ); |
602 | |
565f0cbb |
603 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
d90b42a6 |
604 | ## Class::MOP::Method::Accessor |
605 | |
606 | Class::MOP::Method::Accessor->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
607 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('attribute' => ( |
1d68af04 |
608 | reader => { |
609 | 'associated_attribute' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Accessor::associated_attribute |
d90b42a6 |
610 | }, |
1d68af04 |
611 | )) |
d90b42a6 |
612 | ); |
613 | |
614 | Class::MOP::Method::Accessor->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
615 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('accessor_type' => ( |
c23184fc |
616 | reader => { 'accessor_type' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Accessor::accessor_type }, |
1d68af04 |
617 | )) |
d90b42a6 |
618 | ); |
619 | |
d90b42a6 |
620 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
621 | ## Class::MOP::Method::Constructor |
622 | |
623 | Class::MOP::Method::Constructor->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
624 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('options' => ( |
1d68af04 |
625 | reader => { |
626 | 'options' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Constructor::options |
d90b42a6 |
627 | }, |
4c105333 |
628 | default => sub { +{} } |
1d68af04 |
629 | )) |
d90b42a6 |
630 | ); |
631 | |
632 | Class::MOP::Method::Constructor->meta->add_attribute( |
8683db0e |
633 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('associated_metaclass' => ( |
e8a38403 |
634 | init_arg => "metaclass", # FIXME alias and rename |
1d68af04 |
635 | reader => { |
636 | 'associated_metaclass' => \&Class::MOP::Method::Constructor::associated_metaclass |
637 | }, |
638 | )) |
d90b42a6 |
639 | ); |
640 | |
641 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
86482605 |
642 | ## Class::MOP::Instance |
643 | |
644 | # NOTE: |
1d68af04 |
645 | # these don't yet do much of anything, but are just |
86482605 |
646 | # included for completeness |
647 | |
648 | Class::MOP::Instance->meta->add_attribute( |
74890687 |
649 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('associated_metaclass', |
650 | reader => { associated_metaclass => \&Class::MOP::Instance::associated_metaclass }, |
651 | ), |
86482605 |
652 | ); |
653 | |
654 | Class::MOP::Instance->meta->add_attribute( |
74890687 |
655 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('_class_name', |
656 | init_arg => undef, |
657 | reader => { _class_name => \&Class::MOP::Instance::_class_name }, |
658 | #lazy => 1, # not yet supported by Class::MOP but out our version does it anyway |
659 | #default => sub { $_[0]->associated_metaclass->name }, |
660 | ), |
661 | ); |
662 | |
663 | Class::MOP::Instance->meta->add_attribute( |
664 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('attributes', |
0b5d46da |
665 | reader => { attributes => \&Class::MOP::Instance::get_all_attributes }, |
74890687 |
666 | ), |
32bfc810 |
667 | ); |
668 | |
669 | Class::MOP::Instance->meta->add_attribute( |
74890687 |
670 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('slots', |
671 | reader => { slots => \&Class::MOP::Instance::slots }, |
672 | ), |
86482605 |
673 | ); |
674 | |
63d08a9e |
675 | Class::MOP::Instance->meta->add_attribute( |
74890687 |
676 | Class::MOP::Attribute->new('slot_hash', |
677 | reader => { slot_hash => \&Class::MOP::Instance::slot_hash }, |
678 | ), |
63d08a9e |
679 | ); |
680 | |
681 | |
caa051fa |
682 | # we need the meta instance of the meta instance to be created now, in order |
683 | # for the constructor to be able to use it |
684 | Class::MOP::Instance->meta->get_meta_instance; |
685 | |
caa051fa |
686 | # pretend the add_method never happenned. it hasn't yet affected anything |
687 | undef Class::MOP::Instance->meta->{_package_cache_flag}; |
688 | |
86482605 |
689 | ## -------------------------------------------------------- |
f0480c45 |
690 | ## Now close all the Class::MOP::* classes |
4d47b77f |
691 | |
1aa13cf4 |
692 | # NOTE: we don't need to inline the the accessors this only lengthens |
693 | # the compile time of the MOP, and gives us no actual benefits. |
0b9372a2 |
694 | |
695 | $_->meta->make_immutable( |
6c2f6b5c |
696 | inline_constructor => 1, |
697 | replace_constructor => 1, |
698 | constructor_name => "_new", |
45582002 |
699 | inline_accessors => 0, |
0b9372a2 |
700 | ) for qw/ |
1d68af04 |
701 | Class::MOP::Package |
702 | Class::MOP::Module |
703 | Class::MOP::Class |
704 | |
0b9372a2 |
705 | Class::MOP::Attribute |
1d68af04 |
706 | Class::MOP::Method |
707 | Class::MOP::Instance |
708 | |
709 | Class::MOP::Object |
0b9372a2 |
710 | |
565f0cbb |
711 | Class::MOP::Method::Generated |
1d68af04 |
712 | |
ba38bf08 |
713 | Class::MOP::Method::Accessor |
1d68af04 |
714 | Class::MOP::Method::Constructor |
715 | Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped |
0b9372a2 |
716 | /; |
b6164407 |
717 | |
94b19069 |
718 | 1; |
719 | |
720 | __END__ |
721 | |
722 | =pod |
723 | |
1d68af04 |
724 | =head1 NAME |
94b19069 |
725 | |
726 | Class::MOP - A Meta Object Protocol for Perl 5 |
727 | |
94b19069 |
728 | =head1 DESCRIPTON |
729 | |
127d39a7 |
730 | This module is a fully functioning meta object protocol for the |
1d68af04 |
731 | Perl 5 object system. It makes no attempt to change the behavior or |
732 | characteristics of the Perl 5 object system, only to create a |
27e31eaf |
733 | protocol for its manipulation and introspection. |
94b19069 |
734 | |
1d68af04 |
735 | That said, it does attempt to create the tools for building a rich |
736 | set of extensions to the Perl 5 object system. Every attempt has been |
737 | made for these tools to keep to the spirit of the Perl 5 object |
94b19069 |
738 | system that we all know and love. |
739 | |
1d68af04 |
740 | This documentation is admittedly sparse on details, as time permits |
741 | I will try to improve them. For now, I suggest looking at the items |
742 | listed in the L<SEE ALSO> section for more information. In particular |
743 | the book "The Art of the Meta Object Protocol" was very influential |
40483095 |
744 | in the development of this system. |
745 | |
bfe4d0fc |
746 | =head2 What is a Meta Object Protocol? |
747 | |
1d68af04 |
748 | A meta object protocol is an API to an object system. |
bfe4d0fc |
749 | |
1d68af04 |
750 | To be more specific, it is a set of abstractions of the components of |
751 | an object system (typically things like; classes, object, methods, |
752 | object attributes, etc.). These abstractions can then be used to both |
bfe4d0fc |
753 | inspect and manipulate the object system which they describe. |
754 | |
1d68af04 |
755 | It can be said that there are two MOPs for any object system; the |
756 | implicit MOP, and the explicit MOP. The implicit MOP handles things |
757 | like method dispatch or inheritance, which happen automatically as |
758 | part of how the object system works. The explicit MOP typically |
759 | handles the introspection/reflection features of the object system. |
760 | All object systems have implicit MOPs, without one, they would not |
761 | work. Explict MOPs however as less common, and depending on the |
762 | language can vary from restrictive (Reflection in Java or C#) to |
763 | wide open (CLOS is a perfect example). |
bfe4d0fc |
764 | |
e16da3e6 |
765 | =head2 Yet Another Class Builder!! Why? |
766 | |
1d68af04 |
767 | This is B<not> a class builder so much as it is a I<class builder |
768 | B<builder>>. My intent is that an end user does not use this module |
769 | directly, but instead this module is used by module authors to |
770 | build extensions and features onto the Perl 5 object system. |
e16da3e6 |
771 | |
94b19069 |
772 | =head2 Who is this module for? |
773 | |
1d68af04 |
774 | This module is specifically for anyone who has ever created or |
775 | wanted to create a module for the Class:: namespace. The tools which |
776 | this module will provide will hopefully make it easier to do more |
777 | complex things with Perl 5 classes by removing such barriers as |
778 | the need to hack the symbol tables, or understand the fine details |
779 | of method dispatch. |
94b19069 |
780 | |
bfe4d0fc |
781 | =head2 What changes do I have to make to use this module? |
782 | |
1d68af04 |
783 | This module was designed to be as unintrusive as possible. Many of |
784 | its features are accessible without B<any> change to your existsing |
785 | code at all. It is meant to be a compliment to your existing code and |
786 | not an intrusion on your code base. Unlike many other B<Class::> |
787 | modules, this module B<does not> require you subclass it, or even that |
788 | you C<use> it in within your module's package. |
bfe4d0fc |
789 | |
1d68af04 |
790 | The only features which requires additions to your code are the |
2eb717d5 |
791 | attribute handling and instance construction features, and these are |
1d68af04 |
792 | both completely optional features. The only reason for this is because |
793 | Perl 5's object system does not actually have these features built |
2eb717d5 |
794 | in. More information about this feature can be found below. |
bfe4d0fc |
795 | |
796 | =head2 A Note about Performance? |
797 | |
1d68af04 |
798 | It is a common misconception that explict MOPs are performance drains. |
799 | But this is not a universal truth at all, it is an side-effect of |
800 | specific implementations. For instance, using Java reflection is much |
801 | slower because the JVM cannot take advantage of any compiler |
802 | optimizations, and the JVM has to deal with much more runtime type |
803 | information as well. Reflection in C# is marginally better as it was |
804 | designed into the language and runtime (the CLR). In contrast, CLOS |
805 | (the Common Lisp Object System) was built to support an explicit MOP, |
806 | and so performance is tuned for it. |
807 | |
808 | This library in particular does it's absolute best to avoid putting |
809 | B<any> drain at all upon your code's performance. In fact, by itself |
810 | it does nothing to affect your existing code. So you only pay for |
2eb717d5 |
811 | what you actually use. |
bfe4d0fc |
812 | |
550d56db |
813 | =head2 About Metaclass compatibility |
814 | |
1d68af04 |
815 | This module makes sure that all metaclasses created are both upwards |
816 | and downwards compatible. The topic of metaclass compatibility is |
817 | highly esoteric and is something only encountered when doing deep and |
818 | involved metaclass hacking. There are two basic kinds of metaclass |
819 | incompatibility; upwards and downwards. |
550d56db |
820 | |
1d68af04 |
821 | Upwards metaclass compatibility means that the metaclass of a |
822 | given class is either the same as (or a subclass of) all of the |
550d56db |
823 | class's ancestors. |
824 | |
1d68af04 |
825 | Downward metaclass compatibility means that the metaclasses of a |
826 | given class's anscestors are all either the same as (or a subclass |
550d56db |
827 | of) that metaclass. |
828 | |
1d68af04 |
829 | Here is a diagram showing a set of two classes (C<A> and C<B>) and |
830 | two metaclasses (C<Meta::A> and C<Meta::B>) which have correct |
550d56db |
831 | metaclass compatibility both upwards and downwards. |
832 | |
833 | +---------+ +---------+ |
834 | | Meta::A |<----| Meta::B | <....... (instance of ) |
1d68af04 |
835 | +---------+ +---------+ <------- (inherits from) |
550d56db |
836 | ^ ^ |
837 | : : |
838 | +---------+ +---------+ |
839 | | A |<----| B | |
840 | +---------+ +---------+ |
841 | |
1d68af04 |
842 | As I said this is a highly esoteric topic and one you will only run |
843 | into if you do a lot of subclassing of B<Class::MOP::Class>. If you |
844 | are interested in why this is an issue see the paper |
845 | I<Uniform and safe metaclass composition> linked to in the |
550d56db |
846 | L<SEE ALSO> section of this document. |
847 | |
aa448b16 |
848 | =head2 Using custom metaclasses |
849 | |
1d68af04 |
850 | Always use the metaclass pragma when using a custom metaclass, this |
851 | will ensure the proper initialization order and not accidentely |
852 | create an incorrect type of metaclass for you. This is a very rare |
853 | problem, and one which can only occur if you are doing deep metaclass |
aa448b16 |
854 | programming. So in other words, don't worry about it. |
855 | |
94b19069 |
856 | =head1 PROTOCOLS |
857 | |
127d39a7 |
858 | The protocol is divided into 4 main sub-protocols: |
94b19069 |
859 | |
860 | =over 4 |
861 | |
862 | =item The Class protocol |
863 | |
1d68af04 |
864 | This provides a means of manipulating and introspecting a Perl 5 |
865 | class. It handles all of symbol table hacking for you, and provides |
94b19069 |
866 | a rich set of methods that go beyond simple package introspection. |
867 | |
552e3d24 |
868 | See L<Class::MOP::Class> for more details. |
869 | |
94b19069 |
870 | =item The Attribute protocol |
871 | |
1d68af04 |
872 | This provides a consistent represenation for an attribute of a |
873 | Perl 5 class. Since there are so many ways to create and handle |
127d39a7 |
874 | attributes in Perl 5 OO, this attempts to provide as much of a |
1d68af04 |
875 | unified approach as possible, while giving the freedom and |
94b19069 |
876 | flexibility to subclass for specialization. |
877 | |
552e3d24 |
878 | See L<Class::MOP::Attribute> for more details. |
879 | |
94b19069 |
880 | =item The Method protocol |
881 | |
1d68af04 |
882 | This provides a means of manipulating and introspecting methods in |
883 | the Perl 5 object system. As with attributes, there are many ways to |
884 | approach this topic, so we try to keep it pretty basic, while still |
94b19069 |
885 | making it possible to extend the system in many ways. |
886 | |
552e3d24 |
887 | See L<Class::MOP::Method> for more details. |
94b19069 |
888 | |
127d39a7 |
889 | =item The Instance protocol |
890 | |
891 | This provides a layer of abstraction for creating object instances. |
892 | Since the other layers use this protocol, it is relatively easy to |
893 | change the type of your instances from the default HASH ref to other |
894 | types of references. Several examples are provided in the F<examples/> |
895 | directory included in this distribution. |
896 | |
897 | See L<Class::MOP::Instance> for more details. |
898 | |
94b19069 |
899 | =back |
900 | |
be7677c7 |
901 | =head1 FUNCTIONS |
902 | |
c1d5345a |
903 | =head2 Constants |
904 | |
905 | =over 4 |
906 | |
907 | =item I<IS_RUNNING_ON_5_10> |
908 | |
909 | We set this constant depending on what version perl we are on, this |
910 | allows us to take advantage of new 5.10 features and stay backwards |
911 | compat. |
912 | |
9efe16ca |
913 | =item I<HAVE_ISAREV> |
914 | |
915 | Whether or not C<mro> provides C<get_isarev>, a much faster way to get all the |
916 | subclasses of a certain class. |
917 | |
1f6240bf |
918 | =item I<USING_XS> |
919 | |
920 | Whether or not the running C<Class::MOP> is using its XS version. |
921 | |
c1d5345a |
922 | =back |
923 | |
448b6e55 |
924 | =head2 Utility functions |
925 | |
bd07fbdb |
926 | Note that these are all called as B<functions, not methods>. |
081a927b |
927 | |
448b6e55 |
928 | =over 4 |
929 | |
930 | =item B<load_class ($class_name)> |
931 | |
1d68af04 |
932 | This will load a given C<$class_name> and if it does not have an |
448b6e55 |
933 | already initialized metaclass, then it will intialize one for it. |
127d39a7 |
934 | This function can be used in place of tricks like |
935 | C<eval "use $module"> or using C<require>. |
448b6e55 |
936 | |
937 | =item B<is_class_loaded ($class_name)> |
938 | |
1d68af04 |
939 | This will return a boolean depending on if the C<$class_name> has |
940 | been loaded. |
448b6e55 |
941 | |
1d68af04 |
942 | NOTE: This does a basic check of the symbol table to try and |
448b6e55 |
943 | determine as best it can if the C<$class_name> is loaded, it |
1d68af04 |
944 | is probably correct about 99% of the time. |
448b6e55 |
945 | |
b1f5f41d |
946 | =item B<check_package_cache_flag ($pkg)> |
e0e4674a |
947 | |
bd07fbdb |
948 | B<NOTE: DO NOT USE THIS FUNCTION, IT IS FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY!> |
949 | |
127d39a7 |
950 | This will return an integer that is managed by C<Class::MOP::Class> |
951 | to determine if a module's symbol table has been altered. |
952 | |
953 | In Perl 5.10 or greater, this flag is package specific. However in |
954 | versions prior to 5.10, this will use the C<PL_sub_generation> variable |
955 | which is not package specific. |
956 | |
e0e4674a |
957 | =item B<get_code_info ($code)> |
958 | |
bd07fbdb |
959 | B<NOTE: DO NOT USE THIS FUNCTION, IT IS FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY!> |
960 | |
127d39a7 |
961 | This function returns two values, the name of the package the C<$code> |
962 | is from and the name of the C<$code> itself. This is used by several |
963 | elements of the MOP to detemine where a given C<$code> reference is from. |
964 | |
4c105333 |
965 | =item B<subname ($name, $code)> |
966 | |
967 | B<NOTE: DO NOT USE THIS FUNCTION, IT IS FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY!> |
968 | |
969 | If possible, we will load the L<Sub::Name> module and this will function |
970 | as C<Sub::Name::subname> does, otherwise it will just return the C<$code> |
971 | argument. |
972 | |
6f49cf3f |
973 | =item B<in_global_destruction> |
974 | |
bd07fbdb |
975 | B<NOTE: DO NOT USE THIS FUNCTION, IT IS FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY!> |
976 | |
6f49cf3f |
977 | If L<Devel::GlobalDestruction> is available, this returns true under global |
978 | destruction. |
979 | |
980 | Otherwise it's a constant returning false. |
981 | |
063ad0c5 |
982 | =item B<load_first_existing_class ($class_name, [$class_name, ...])> |
983 | |
984 | B<NOTE: DO NOT USE THIS FUNCTION, IT IS FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY!> |
985 | |
986 | Given a list of class names, this function will attempt to load each |
987 | one in turn. |
988 | |
1d8153bd |
989 | If it finds a class it can load, it will return that class' name. |
990 | If none of the classes can be loaded, it will throw an exception. |
063ad0c5 |
991 | |
448b6e55 |
992 | =back |
993 | |
994 | =head2 Metaclass cache functions |
995 | |
6c842677 |
996 | Class::MOP holds a cache of metaclasses. The following are functions |
1d68af04 |
997 | (B<not methods>) which can be used to access that cache. It is not |
6c842677 |
998 | recommended that you mess with these. Bad things could happen, but if |
999 | you are brave and willing to risk it: go for it! |
be7677c7 |
1000 | |
1001 | =over 4 |
1002 | |
1003 | =item B<get_all_metaclasses> |
1004 | |
6c842677 |
1005 | This will return a hash of all the metaclass instances that have |
1006 | been cached by B<Class::MOP::Class>, keyed by the package name. |
b9d9fc0b |
1007 | |
be7677c7 |
1008 | =item B<get_all_metaclass_instances> |
1009 | |
6c842677 |
1010 | This will return a list of all the metaclass instances that have |
b9d9fc0b |
1011 | been cached by B<Class::MOP::Class>. |
1012 | |
be7677c7 |
1013 | =item B<get_all_metaclass_names> |
1014 | |
6c842677 |
1015 | This will return a list of all the metaclass names that have |
b9d9fc0b |
1016 | been cached by B<Class::MOP::Class>. |
1017 | |
be7677c7 |
1018 | =item B<get_metaclass_by_name ($name)> |
1019 | |
e5ca9cbb |
1020 | This will return a cached B<Class::MOP::Class> instance, or nothing |
6c842677 |
1021 | if no metaclass exists with that C<$name>. |
127d39a7 |
1022 | |
be7677c7 |
1023 | =item B<store_metaclass_by_name ($name, $meta)> |
1024 | |
127d39a7 |
1025 | This will store a metaclass in the cache at the supplied C<$key>. |
1026 | |
be7677c7 |
1027 | =item B<weaken_metaclass ($name)> |
1028 | |
6c842677 |
1029 | In rare cases (e.g. anonymous metaclasses) it is desirable to |
1030 | store a weakened reference in the metaclass cache. This |
1031 | function will weaken the reference to the metaclass stored |
1032 | in C<$name>. |
127d39a7 |
1033 | |
be7677c7 |
1034 | =item B<does_metaclass_exist ($name)> |
1035 | |
127d39a7 |
1036 | This will return true of there exists a metaclass stored in the |
6c842677 |
1037 | C<$name> key, and return false otherwise. |
127d39a7 |
1038 | |
be7677c7 |
1039 | =item B<remove_metaclass_by_name ($name)> |
1040 | |
6c842677 |
1041 | This will remove the metaclass stored in the C<$name> key. |
127d39a7 |
1042 | |
be7677c7 |
1043 | =back |
1044 | |
552e3d24 |
1045 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
8b978dd5 |
1046 | |
552e3d24 |
1047 | =head2 Books |
8b978dd5 |
1048 | |
1d68af04 |
1049 | There are very few books out on Meta Object Protocols and Metaclasses |
1050 | because it is such an esoteric topic. The following books are really |
1051 | the only ones I have found. If you know of any more, B<I<please>> |
a2e85e6c |
1052 | email me and let me know, I would love to hear about them. |
1053 | |
8b978dd5 |
1054 | =over 4 |
1055 | |
552e3d24 |
1056 | =item "The Art of the Meta Object Protocol" |
8b978dd5 |
1057 | |
552e3d24 |
1058 | =item "Advances in Object-Oriented Metalevel Architecture and Reflection" |
8b978dd5 |
1059 | |
b51af7f9 |
1060 | =item "Putting MetaClasses to Work" |
1061 | |
a2e85e6c |
1062 | =item "Smalltalk: The Language" |
1063 | |
94b19069 |
1064 | =back |
1065 | |
550d56db |
1066 | =head2 Papers |
1067 | |
1068 | =over 4 |
1069 | |
1070 | =item Uniform and safe metaclass composition |
1071 | |
1d68af04 |
1072 | An excellent paper by the people who brought us the original Traits paper. |
1073 | This paper is on how Traits can be used to do safe metaclass composition, |
1074 | and offers an excellent introduction section which delves into the topic of |
550d56db |
1075 | metaclass compatibility. |
1076 | |
1077 | L<http://www.iam.unibe.ch/~scg/Archive/Papers/Duca05ySafeMetaclassTrait.pdf> |
1078 | |
1079 | =item Safe Metaclass Programming |
1080 | |
1d68af04 |
1081 | This paper seems to precede the above paper, and propose a mix-in based |
1082 | approach as opposed to the Traits based approach. Both papers have similar |
1083 | information on the metaclass compatibility problem space. |
550d56db |
1084 | |
1085 | L<http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/37617.html> |
1086 | |
1087 | =back |
1088 | |
552e3d24 |
1089 | =head2 Prior Art |
8b978dd5 |
1090 | |
1091 | =over 4 |
1092 | |
7184ca14 |
1093 | =item The Perl 6 MetaModel work in the Pugs project |
8b978dd5 |
1094 | |
1095 | =over 4 |
1096 | |
552e3d24 |
1097 | =item L<http://svn.openfoundry.org/pugs/perl5/Perl6-MetaModel> |
8b978dd5 |
1098 | |
552e3d24 |
1099 | =item L<http://svn.openfoundry.org/pugs/perl5/Perl6-ObjectSpace> |
8b978dd5 |
1100 | |
1101 | =back |
1102 | |
94b19069 |
1103 | =back |
1104 | |
1d68af04 |
1105 | =head2 Articles |
f8dfcfb7 |
1106 | |
1107 | =over 4 |
1108 | |
1d68af04 |
1109 | =item CPAN Module Review of Class::MOP |
f8dfcfb7 |
1110 | |
1111 | L<http://www.oreillynet.com/onlamp/blog/2006/06/cpan_module_review_classmop.html> |
1112 | |
1113 | =back |
1114 | |
a2e85e6c |
1115 | =head1 SIMILAR MODULES |
1116 | |
1d68af04 |
1117 | As I have said above, this module is a class-builder-builder, so it is |
1118 | not the same thing as modules like L<Class::Accessor> and |
1119 | L<Class::MethodMaker>. That being said there are very few modules on CPAN |
1120 | with similar goals to this module. The one I have found which is most |
1121 | like this module is L<Class::Meta>, although it's philosophy and the MOP it |
1122 | creates are very different from this modules. |
94b19069 |
1123 | |
a2e85e6c |
1124 | =head1 BUGS |
1125 | |
1d68af04 |
1126 | All complex software has bugs lurking in it, and this module is no |
a2e85e6c |
1127 | exception. If you find a bug please either email me, or add the bug |
1128 | to cpan-RT. |
1129 | |
1130 | =head1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS |
1131 | |
1132 | =over 4 |
1133 | |
b9d9fc0b |
1134 | =item Rob Kinyon |
a2e85e6c |
1135 | |
1d68af04 |
1136 | Thanks to Rob for actually getting the development of this module kick-started. |
a2e85e6c |
1137 | |
1138 | =back |
1139 | |
1a09d9cc |
1140 | =head1 AUTHORS |
94b19069 |
1141 | |
a2e85e6c |
1142 | Stevan Little E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt> |
552e3d24 |
1143 | |
9c8cda90 |
1144 | B<with contributions from:> |
1145 | |
1146 | Brandon (blblack) Black |
1147 | |
4f116037 |
1148 | Florian (rafl) Ragwitz |
1149 | |
9c8cda90 |
1150 | Guillermo (groditi) Roditi |
1151 | |
9195ddff |
1152 | Matt (mst) Trout |
1153 | |
9c8cda90 |
1154 | Rob (robkinyon) Kinyon |
1155 | |
1156 | Yuval (nothingmuch) Kogman |
1a09d9cc |
1157 | |
f430cfa4 |
1158 | Scott (konobi) McWhirter |
1159 | |
94b19069 |
1160 | =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE |
1161 | |
69e3ab0a |
1162 | Copyright 2006-2008 by Infinity Interactive, Inc. |
94b19069 |
1163 | |
1164 | L<http://www.iinteractive.com> |
1165 | |
1166 | This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
1d68af04 |
1167 | it under the same terms as Perl itself. |
94b19069 |
1168 | |
1169 | =cut |