bunch of doc fixes

[gitmo/Class-MOP.git] / lib / Class / MOP / Instance.pm

package Class::MOP::Instance;

use strict;
use warnings;

use Scalar::Util 'weaken', 'blessed';

our $VERSION   = '0.04';
our $AUTHORITY = 'cpan:STEVAN';

sub meta {
    require Class::MOP::Class;
    Class::MOP::Class->initialize(blessed($_[0]) || $_[0]);
}

sub new {
    my ($class, $meta, @attrs) = @_;
    my @slots = map { $_->slots } @attrs;
    my $instance = bless {
        # NOTE:
        # I am not sure that it makes
        # sense to pass in the meta
        # The ideal would be to just
        # pass in the class name, but
        # that is placing too much of
        # an assumption on bless(),
        # which is *probably* a safe
        # assumption,.. but you can
        # never tell <:)
        '$!meta'  => $meta,
        '@!slots' => { map { $_ => undef } @slots },
    } => $class;

    weaken($instance->{'$!meta'});

    return $instance;
}

sub associated_metaclass { (shift)->{'$!meta'} }

sub create_instance {
    my $self = shift;
    $self->bless_instance_structure({});
}

sub bless_instance_structure {
    my ($self, $instance_structure) = @_;
    bless $instance_structure, $self->associated_metaclass->name;
}

sub clone_instance {
    my ($self, $instance) = @_;
    $self->bless_instance_structure({ %$instance });
}

# operations on meta instance

sub get_all_slots {
    my $self = shift;
    return keys %{$self->{'@!slots'}};
}

sub is_valid_slot {
    my ($self, $slot_name) = @_;
    exists $self->{'@!slots'}->{$slot_name};
}

# operations on created instances

sub get_slot_value {
    my ($self, $instance, $slot_name) = @_;
    $instance->{$slot_name};
}

sub set_slot_value {
    my ($self, $instance, $slot_name, $value) = @_;
    $instance->{$slot_name} = $value;
}

sub initialize_slot {
    my ($self, $instance, $slot_name) = @_;
    #$self->set_slot_value($instance, $slot_name, undef);
}

sub deinitialize_slot {
    my ( $self, $instance, $slot_name ) = @_;
    delete $instance->{$slot_name};
}

sub initialize_all_slots {
    my ($self, $instance) = @_;
    foreach my $slot_name ($self->get_all_slots) {
        $self->initialize_slot($instance, $slot_name);
    }
}

sub deinitialize_all_slots {
    my ($self, $instance) = @_;
    foreach my $slot_name ($self->get_all_slots) {
        $self->deinitialize_slot($instance, $slot_name);
    }
}

sub is_slot_initialized {
    my ($self, $instance, $slot_name, $value) = @_;
    exists $instance->{$slot_name};
}

sub weaken_slot_value {
    my ($self, $instance, $slot_name) = @_;
    weaken $instance->{$slot_name};
}

sub strengthen_slot_value {
    my ($self, $instance, $slot_name) = @_;
    $self->set_slot_value($instance, $slot_name, $self->get_slot_value($instance, $slot_name));
}

sub rebless_instance_structure {
    my ($self, $instance, $metaclass) = @_;
    bless $instance, $metaclass->name;
}

# inlinable operation snippets

sub is_inlinable { 1 }

sub inline_create_instance {
    my ($self, $class_variable) = @_;
    'bless {} => ' . $class_variable;
}

sub inline_slot_access {
    my ($self, $instance, $slot_name) = @_;
    sprintf "%s->{%s}", $instance, $slot_name;
}

sub inline_get_slot_value {
    my ($self, $instance, $slot_name) = @_;
    $self->inline_slot_access($instance, $slot_name);
}

sub inline_set_slot_value {
    my ($self, $instance, $slot_name, $value) = @_;
    $self->inline_slot_access($instance, $slot_name) . " = $value",
}

sub inline_initialize_slot {
    my ($self, $instance, $slot_name) = @_;
    $self->inline_set_slot_value($instance, $slot_name, 'undef'),
}

sub inline_deinitialize_slot {
    my ($self, $instance, $slot_name) = @_;
    "delete " . $self->inline_slot_access($instance, $slot_name);
}
sub inline_is_slot_initialized {
    my ($self, $instance, $slot_name) = @_;
    "exists " . $self->inline_slot_access($instance, $slot_name);
}

sub inline_weaken_slot_value {
    my ($self, $instance, $slot_name) = @_;
    sprintf "Scalar::Util::weaken( %s )", $self->inline_slot_access($instance, $slot_name);
}

sub inline_strengthen_slot_value {
    my ($self, $instance, $slot_name) = @_;
    $self->inline_set_slot_value($instance, $slot_name, $self->inline_slot_access($instance, $slot_name));
}

1;

__END__

=pod

=head1 NAME

Class::MOP::Instance - Instance Meta Object

=head1 DESCRIPTION

The meta instance is used by attributes for low level storage.

Using this API generally violates attribute encapsulation and is not
reccomended, instead look at L<Class::MOP::Attribute/get_value>,
L<Class::MOP::Attribute/set_value> for the reccomended way to fiddle with
attribute values in a generic way, independant of how/whether accessors have
been defined. Accessors can be found using L<Class::MOP::Class/get_attribute>.

This may seem like over-abstraction, but by abstracting
this process into a sub-protocol we make it possible to
easily switch the details of how an object's instance is
stored with minimal impact. In most cases just subclassing
this class will be all you need to do (see the examples;
F<examples/ArrayBasedStorage.pod> and
F<examples/InsideOutClass.pod> for details).

=head1 METHODS

=over 4

=item B<new ($meta, @attrs)>

Creates a new instance meta-object and gathers all the slots from
the list of C<@attrs> given.

=item B<meta>

This will return a B<Class::MOP::Class> instance which is related
to this class.

=back

=head2 Creation of Instances

=over 4

=item B<create_instance>

This creates the appropriate structure needed for the instance and
then calls C<bless_instance_structure> to bless it into the class.

=item B<bless_instance_structure ($instance_structure)>

This does just exactly what it says it does.

=item B<clone_instance ($instance_structure)>

This too does just exactly what it says it does.

=back

=head2 Instrospection

NOTE: There might be more methods added to this part of the API,
we will add then when we need them basically.

=over 4

=item B<associated_metaclass>

This returns the metaclass associated with this instance.

=item B<get_all_slots>

This will return the current list of slots based on what was
given to this object in C<new>.

=item B<is_valid_slot ($slot_name)>

This will return true if C<$slot_name> is a valid slot name.

=back

=head2 Operations on Instance Structures

An important distinction of this sub-protocol is that the
instance meta-object is a different entity from the actual
instance it creates. For this reason, any actions on slots
require that the C<$instance_structure> is passed into them.

The names of these methods pretty much explain exactly 
what they do, if that is not enough then I suggest reading 
the source, it is very straightfoward.

=over 4

=item B<get_slot_value ($instance_structure, $slot_name)>

=item B<set_slot_value ($instance_structure, $slot_name, $value)>

=item B<initialize_slot ($instance_structure, $slot_name)>

=item B<deinitialize_slot ($instance_structure, $slot_name)>

=item B<initialize_all_slots ($instance_structure)>

=item B<deinitialize_all_slots ($instance_structure)>

=item B<is_slot_initialized ($instance_structure, $slot_name)>

=item B<weaken_slot_value ($instance_structure, $slot_name)>

=item B<strengthen_slot_value ($instance_structure, $slot_name)>

=item B<rebless_instance_structure ($instance_structure, $new_metaclass)>

=back

=head2 Inlineable Instance Operations

=over 4

=item B<is_inlinable>

Each meta-instance should override this method to tell Class::MOP if it's
possible to inline the slot access. This is currently only used by 
L<Class::MOP::Immutable> when performing optimizations.

=item B<inline_create_instance>

=item B<inline_slot_access ($instance_structure, $slot_name)>

=item B<inline_get_slot_value ($instance_structure, $slot_name)>

=item B<inline_set_slot_value ($instance_structure, $slot_name, $value)>

=item B<inline_initialize_slot ($instance_structure, $slot_name)>

=item B<inline_deinitialize_slot ($instance_structure, $slot_name)>

=item B<inline_is_slot_initialized ($instance_structure, $slot_name)>

=item B<inline_weaken_slot_value ($instance_structure, $slot_name)>

=item B<inline_strengthen_slot_value ($instance_structure, $slot_name)>

=back

=head1 AUTHORS

Yuval Kogman E<lt>nothingmuch@woobling.comE<gt>

Stevan Little E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt>

=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Copyright 2006-2008 by Infinity Interactive, Inc.

L<http://www.iinteractive.com>

This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the same terms as Perl itself.

=cut