Commit | Line | Data |
8b978dd5 |
1 | |
2 | package Class::MOP::Class; |
3 | |
4 | use strict; |
5 | use warnings; |
6 | |
ba38bf08 |
7 | use Class::MOP::Instance; |
8 | use Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped; |
9 | |
8b978dd5 |
10 | use Carp 'confess'; |
77e5fce4 |
11 | use Scalar::Util 'blessed', 'reftype', 'weaken'; |
8b978dd5 |
12 | use Sub::Name 'subname'; |
96ceced8 |
13 | use B 'svref_2object'; |
8b978dd5 |
14 | |
a651e249 |
15 | our $VERSION = '0.21'; |
f0480c45 |
16 | our $AUTHORITY = 'cpan:STEVAN'; |
8b978dd5 |
17 | |
2243a22b |
18 | use base 'Class::MOP::Module'; |
19 | |
aa448b16 |
20 | # Self-introspection |
2eb717d5 |
21 | |
aa448b16 |
22 | sub meta { Class::MOP::Class->initialize(blessed($_[0]) || $_[0]) } |
2eb717d5 |
23 | |
8b978dd5 |
24 | # Creation |
587aca23 |
25 | |
be7677c7 |
26 | sub initialize { |
27 | my $class = shift; |
28 | my $package_name = shift; |
29 | (defined $package_name && $package_name && !blessed($package_name)) |
30 | || confess "You must pass a package name and it cannot be blessed"; |
31 | $class->construct_class_instance(':package' => $package_name, @_); |
32 | } |
33 | |
34 | sub reinitialize { |
35 | my $class = shift; |
36 | my $package_name = shift; |
37 | (defined $package_name && $package_name && !blessed($package_name)) |
38 | || confess "You must pass a package name and it cannot be blessed"; |
39 | Class::MOP::remove_metaclass_by_name($package_name); |
40 | $class->construct_class_instance(':package' => $package_name, @_); |
41 | } |
651955fb |
42 | |
be7677c7 |
43 | # NOTE: (meta-circularity) |
44 | # this is a special form of &construct_instance |
45 | # (see below), which is used to construct class |
46 | # meta-object instances for any Class::MOP::* |
47 | # class. All other classes will use the more |
48 | # normal &construct_instance. |
49 | sub construct_class_instance { |
50 | my $class = shift; |
51 | my %options = @_; |
52 | my $package_name = $options{':package'}; |
53 | (defined $package_name && $package_name) |
54 | || confess "You must pass a package name"; |
55 | # NOTE: |
56 | # return the metaclass if we have it cached, |
57 | # and it is still defined (it has not been |
58 | # reaped by DESTROY yet, which can happen |
59 | # annoyingly enough during global destruction) |
60 | return Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($package_name) |
61 | if Class::MOP::does_metaclass_exist($package_name); |
62 | |
63 | # NOTE: |
64 | # we need to deal with the possibility |
65 | # of class immutability here, and then |
66 | # get the name of the class appropriately |
67 | $class = (blessed($class) |
68 | ? ($class->is_immutable |
69 | ? $class->get_mutable_metaclass_name() |
70 | : blessed($class)) |
71 | : $class); |
72 | |
fdbdb5e6 |
73 | $class = blessed($class) || $class; |
be7677c7 |
74 | # now create the metaclass |
75 | my $meta; |
76 | if ($class =~ /^Class::MOP::Class$/) { |
77 | no strict 'refs'; |
78 | $meta = bless { |
79 | # inherited from Class::MOP::Package |
80 | '$:package' => $package_name, |
c4260b45 |
81 | |
82 | # NOTE: |
83 | # since the following attributes will |
84 | # actually be loaded from the symbol |
85 | # table, and actually bypass the instance |
86 | # entirely, we can just leave these things |
87 | # listed here for reference, because they |
88 | # should not actually have a value associated |
89 | # with the slot. |
90 | '%:namespace' => \undef, |
be7677c7 |
91 | # inherited from Class::MOP::Module |
c4260b45 |
92 | '$:version' => \undef, |
93 | '$:authority' => \undef, |
94 | # defined in Class::MOP::Class |
c4260b45 |
95 | |
7855ddba |
96 | '%:methods' => {}, |
c4260b45 |
97 | '%:attributes' => {}, |
be7677c7 |
98 | '$:attribute_metaclass' => $options{':attribute_metaclass'} || 'Class::MOP::Attribute', |
99 | '$:method_metaclass' => $options{':method_metaclass'} || 'Class::MOP::Method', |
100 | '$:instance_metaclass' => $options{':instance_metaclass'} || 'Class::MOP::Instance', |
101 | } => $class; |
102 | } |
103 | else { |
104 | # NOTE: |
105 | # it is safe to use meta here because |
106 | # class will always be a subclass of |
107 | # Class::MOP::Class, which defines meta |
108 | $meta = $class->meta->construct_instance(%options) |
727919c5 |
109 | } |
110 | |
be7677c7 |
111 | # and check the metaclass compatibility |
112 | $meta->check_metaclass_compatability(); |
ff43b9d6 |
113 | |
be7677c7 |
114 | Class::MOP::store_metaclass_by_name($package_name, $meta); |
b9d9fc0b |
115 | |
be7677c7 |
116 | # NOTE: |
117 | # we need to weaken any anon classes |
118 | # so that they can call DESTROY properly |
b9d9fc0b |
119 | Class::MOP::weaken_metaclass($package_name) if $meta->is_anon_class; |
120 | |
be7677c7 |
121 | $meta; |
122 | } |
123 | |
124 | sub check_metaclass_compatability { |
125 | my $self = shift; |
126 | |
127 | # this is always okay ... |
128 | return if blessed($self) eq 'Class::MOP::Class' && |
129 | $self->instance_metaclass eq 'Class::MOP::Instance'; |
130 | |
131 | my @class_list = $self->class_precedence_list; |
132 | shift @class_list; # shift off $self->name |
373a16ae |
133 | |
be7677c7 |
134 | foreach my $class_name (@class_list) { |
135 | my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class_name) || next; |
136 | |
373a16ae |
137 | # NOTE: |
138 | # we need to deal with the possibility |
139 | # of class immutability here, and then |
be7677c7 |
140 | # get the name of the class appropriately |
141 | my $meta_type = ($meta->is_immutable |
142 | ? $meta->get_mutable_metaclass_name() |
143 | : blessed($meta)); |
144 | |
145 | ($self->isa($meta_type)) |
146 | || confess $self->name . "->meta => (" . (blessed($self)) . ")" . |
147 | " is not compatible with the " . |
148 | $class_name . "->meta => (" . ($meta_type) . ")"; |
77e5fce4 |
149 | # NOTE: |
be7677c7 |
150 | # we also need to check that instance metaclasses |
151 | # are compatabile in the same the class. |
152 | ($self->instance_metaclass->isa($meta->instance_metaclass)) |
153 | || confess $self->name . "->meta => (" . ($self->instance_metaclass) . ")" . |
154 | " is not compatible with the " . |
155 | $class_name . "->meta => (" . ($meta->instance_metaclass) . ")"; |
156 | } |
157 | } |
8b978dd5 |
158 | |
6d5355c3 |
159 | ## ANON classes |
160 | |
161 | { |
162 | # NOTE: |
163 | # this should be sufficient, if you have a |
164 | # use case where it is not, write a test and |
165 | # I will change it. |
166 | my $ANON_CLASS_SERIAL = 0; |
b9d9fc0b |
167 | |
168 | # NOTE: |
169 | # we need a sufficiently annoying prefix |
170 | # this should suffice for now, this is |
171 | # used in a couple of places below, so |
172 | # need to put it up here for now. |
173 | my $ANON_CLASS_PREFIX = 'Class::MOP::Class::__ANON__::SERIAL::'; |
174 | |
175 | sub is_anon_class { |
176 | my $self = shift; |
a651e249 |
177 | no warnings 'uninitialized'; |
b9d9fc0b |
178 | $self->name =~ /^$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX/ ? 1 : 0; |
179 | } |
6d5355c3 |
180 | |
181 | sub create_anon_class { |
182 | my ($class, %options) = @_; |
183 | my $package_name = $ANON_CLASS_PREFIX . ++$ANON_CLASS_SERIAL; |
88dd563c |
184 | return $class->create($package_name, %options); |
b9d9fc0b |
185 | } |
6d5355c3 |
186 | |
b9d9fc0b |
187 | # NOTE: |
188 | # this will only get called for |
189 | # anon-classes, all other calls |
190 | # are assumed to occur during |
191 | # global destruction and so don't |
192 | # really need to be handled explicitly |
193 | sub DESTROY { |
194 | my $self = shift; |
a651e249 |
195 | no warnings 'uninitialized'; |
b9d9fc0b |
196 | return unless $self->name =~ /^$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX/; |
197 | my ($serial_id) = ($self->name =~ /^$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX(\d+)/); |
198 | no strict 'refs'; |
199 | foreach my $key (keys %{$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX . $serial_id}) { |
200 | delete ${$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX . $serial_id}{$key}; |
201 | } |
202 | delete ${'main::' . $ANON_CLASS_PREFIX}{$serial_id . '::'}; |
6d5355c3 |
203 | } |
b9d9fc0b |
204 | |
6d5355c3 |
205 | } |
206 | |
207 | # creating classes with MOP ... |
208 | |
8b978dd5 |
209 | sub create { |
88dd563c |
210 | my $class = shift; |
211 | my $package_name = shift; |
212 | |
bfe4d0fc |
213 | (defined $package_name && $package_name) |
8b978dd5 |
214 | || confess "You must pass a package name"; |
88dd563c |
215 | |
216 | (scalar @_ % 2 == 0) |
217 | || confess "You much pass all parameters as name => value pairs " . |
218 | "(I found an uneven number of params in \@_)"; |
219 | |
220 | my (%options) = @_; |
221 | |
8b978dd5 |
222 | my $code = "package $package_name;"; |
88dd563c |
223 | $code .= "\$$package_name\:\:VERSION = '" . $options{version} . "';" |
224 | if exists $options{version}; |
225 | $code .= "\$$package_name\:\:AUTHORITY = '" . $options{authority} . "';" |
226 | if exists $options{authority}; |
227 | |
8b978dd5 |
228 | eval $code; |
229 | confess "creation of $package_name failed : $@" if $@; |
88dd563c |
230 | |
bfe4d0fc |
231 | my $meta = $class->initialize($package_name); |
aa448b16 |
232 | |
233 | $meta->add_method('meta' => sub { |
df7b4119 |
234 | $class->initialize(blessed($_[0]) || $_[0]); |
aa448b16 |
235 | }); |
236 | |
8b978dd5 |
237 | $meta->superclasses(@{$options{superclasses}}) |
238 | if exists $options{superclasses}; |
2eb717d5 |
239 | # NOTE: |
240 | # process attributes first, so that they can |
241 | # install accessors, but locally defined methods |
242 | # can then overwrite them. It is maybe a little odd, but |
243 | # I think this should be the order of things. |
244 | if (exists $options{attributes}) { |
cbd9f942 |
245 | foreach my $attr (@{$options{attributes}}) { |
246 | $meta->add_attribute($attr); |
2eb717d5 |
247 | } |
248 | } |
bfe4d0fc |
249 | if (exists $options{methods}) { |
250 | foreach my $method_name (keys %{$options{methods}}) { |
251 | $meta->add_method($method_name, $options{methods}->{$method_name}); |
252 | } |
2eb717d5 |
253 | } |
8b978dd5 |
254 | return $meta; |
255 | } |
256 | |
7b31baf4 |
257 | ## Attribute readers |
258 | |
259 | # NOTE: |
260 | # all these attribute readers will be bootstrapped |
261 | # away in the Class::MOP bootstrap section |
262 | |
7b31baf4 |
263 | sub get_attribute_map { $_[0]->{'%:attributes'} } |
264 | sub attribute_metaclass { $_[0]->{'$:attribute_metaclass'} } |
265 | sub method_metaclass { $_[0]->{'$:method_metaclass'} } |
2bab2be6 |
266 | sub instance_metaclass { $_[0]->{'$:instance_metaclass'} } |
7b31baf4 |
267 | |
0f71bc80 |
268 | # FIXME: |
269 | # this is a prime canidate for conversion to XS |
7855ddba |
270 | sub get_method_map { |
c4260b45 |
271 | my $self = shift; |
7855ddba |
272 | my $map = $self->{'%:methods'}; |
0f71bc80 |
273 | |
274 | my $class_name = $self->name; |
275 | my $method_metaclass = $self->method_metaclass; |
276 | |
92330ee2 |
277 | foreach my $symbol ($self->list_all_package_symbols('CODE')) { |
91e0eb4a |
278 | my $code = $self->get_package_symbol('&' . $symbol); |
0f71bc80 |
279 | |
b9575695 |
280 | next if exists $map->{$symbol} && |
281 | defined $map->{$symbol} && |
282 | $map->{$symbol}->body == $code; |
0f71bc80 |
283 | |
284 | my $gv = svref_2object($code)->GV; |
285 | next if ($gv->STASH->NAME || '') ne $class_name && |
286 | ($gv->NAME || '') ne '__ANON__'; |
287 | |
288 | $map->{$symbol} = $method_metaclass->wrap($code); |
7855ddba |
289 | } |
0f71bc80 |
290 | |
7855ddba |
291 | return $map; |
c4260b45 |
292 | } |
293 | |
c9e77dbb |
294 | # Instance Construction & Cloning |
295 | |
5f3c057a |
296 | sub new_object { |
297 | my $class = shift; |
651955fb |
298 | # NOTE: |
299 | # we need to protect the integrity of the |
300 | # Class::MOP::Class singletons here, so we |
301 | # delegate this to &construct_class_instance |
302 | # which will deal with the singletons |
303 | return $class->construct_class_instance(@_) |
304 | if $class->name->isa('Class::MOP::Class'); |
24869f62 |
305 | return $class->construct_instance(@_); |
5f3c057a |
306 | } |
e16da3e6 |
307 | |
308 | sub construct_instance { |
cbd9f942 |
309 | my ($class, %params) = @_; |
0e76a376 |
310 | my $meta_instance = $class->get_meta_instance(); |
311 | my $instance = $meta_instance->create_instance(); |
c9e77dbb |
312 | foreach my $attr ($class->compute_all_applicable_attributes()) { |
f892c0f0 |
313 | $attr->initialize_instance_slot($meta_instance, $instance, \%params); |
cbd9f942 |
314 | } |
2d711cc8 |
315 | return $instance; |
316 | } |
317 | |
318 | sub get_meta_instance { |
319 | my $class = shift; |
052c2a1a |
320 | return $class->instance_metaclass->new( |
321 | $class, |
322 | $class->compute_all_applicable_attributes() |
323 | ); |
e16da3e6 |
324 | } |
325 | |
5f3c057a |
326 | sub clone_object { |
327 | my $class = shift; |
7b31baf4 |
328 | my $instance = shift; |
651955fb |
329 | (blessed($instance) && $instance->isa($class->name)) |
330 | || confess "You must pass an instance ($instance) of the metaclass (" . $class->name . ")"; |
331 | # NOTE: |
332 | # we need to protect the integrity of the |
333 | # Class::MOP::Class singletons here, they |
a740253a |
334 | # should not be cloned. |
651955fb |
335 | return $instance if $instance->isa('Class::MOP::Class'); |
f7259199 |
336 | $class->clone_instance($instance, @_); |
5f3c057a |
337 | } |
338 | |
c9e77dbb |
339 | sub clone_instance { |
651955fb |
340 | my ($class, $instance, %params) = @_; |
341 | (blessed($instance)) |
c9e77dbb |
342 | || confess "You can only clone instances, \$self is not a blessed instance"; |
f7259199 |
343 | my $meta_instance = $class->get_meta_instance(); |
344 | my $clone = $meta_instance->clone_instance($instance); |
11977e43 |
345 | foreach my $key (keys %params) { |
f7259199 |
346 | next unless $meta_instance->is_valid_slot($key); |
347 | $meta_instance->set_slot_value($clone, $key, $params{$key}); |
348 | } |
c9e77dbb |
349 | return $clone; |
350 | } |
351 | |
8b978dd5 |
352 | # Inheritance |
353 | |
354 | sub superclasses { |
355 | my $self = shift; |
8b978dd5 |
356 | if (@_) { |
357 | my @supers = @_; |
9d6dce77 |
358 | @{$self->get_package_symbol('@ISA')} = @supers; |
d82060fe |
359 | # NOTE: |
360 | # we need to check the metaclass |
361 | # compatability here so that we can |
362 | # be sure that the superclass is |
363 | # not potentially creating an issues |
364 | # we don't know about |
365 | $self->check_metaclass_compatability(); |
8b978dd5 |
366 | } |
9d6dce77 |
367 | @{$self->get_package_symbol('@ISA')}; |
8b978dd5 |
368 | } |
369 | |
370 | sub class_precedence_list { |
371 | my $self = shift; |
bfe4d0fc |
372 | # NOTE: |
373 | # We need to check for ciruclar inheirtance here. |
374 | # This will do nothing if all is well, and blow |
375 | # up otherwise. Yes, it's an ugly hack, better |
376 | # suggestions are welcome. |
93b4e576 |
377 | { ($self->name || return)->isa('This is a test for circular inheritance') } |
8c936afc |
378 | # ... and now back to our regularly scheduled program |
8b978dd5 |
379 | ( |
380 | $self->name, |
381 | map { |
f7259199 |
382 | $self->initialize($_)->class_precedence_list() |
8b978dd5 |
383 | } $self->superclasses() |
384 | ); |
385 | } |
386 | |
0882828e |
387 | ## Methods |
388 | |
389 | sub add_method { |
390 | my ($self, $method_name, $method) = @_; |
391 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
392 | || confess "You must define a method name"; |
2d711cc8 |
393 | |
7855ddba |
394 | my $body; |
7855ddba |
395 | if (blessed($method)) { |
92330ee2 |
396 | $body = $method->body; |
7855ddba |
397 | } |
92330ee2 |
398 | else { |
7855ddba |
399 | $body = $method; |
7855ddba |
400 | ('CODE' eq (reftype($body) || '')) |
401 | || confess "Your code block must be a CODE reference"; |
0f71bc80 |
402 | $method = $self->method_metaclass->wrap($body); |
7855ddba |
403 | } |
0f71bc80 |
404 | $self->get_method_map->{$method_name} = $method; |
7855ddba |
405 | |
406 | my $full_method_name = ($self->name . '::' . $method_name); |
407 | $self->add_package_symbol("&${method_name}" => subname $full_method_name => $body); |
0882828e |
408 | } |
409 | |
a4258ffd |
410 | { |
2d711cc8 |
411 | my $fetch_and_prepare_method = sub { |
412 | my ($self, $method_name) = @_; |
413 | # fetch it locally |
414 | my $method = $self->get_method($method_name); |
415 | # if we dont have local ... |
416 | unless ($method) { |
195f5bf8 |
417 | # try to find the next method |
418 | $method = $self->find_next_method_by_name($method_name); |
419 | # die if it does not exist |
420 | (defined $method) |
b9575695 |
421 | || confess "The method '$method_name' is not found in the inherience hierarchy for class " . $self->name; |
195f5bf8 |
422 | # and now make sure to wrap it |
423 | # even if it is already wrapped |
424 | # because we need a new sub ref |
2d711cc8 |
425 | $method = Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped->wrap($method); |
195f5bf8 |
426 | } |
427 | else { |
428 | # now make sure we wrap it properly |
429 | $method = Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped->wrap($method) |
430 | unless $method->isa('Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped'); |
431 | } |
432 | $self->add_method($method_name => $method); |
2d711cc8 |
433 | return $method; |
434 | }; |
435 | |
436 | sub add_before_method_modifier { |
437 | my ($self, $method_name, $method_modifier) = @_; |
438 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
439 | || confess "You must pass in a method name"; |
440 | my $method = $fetch_and_prepare_method->($self, $method_name); |
441 | $method->add_before_modifier(subname ':before' => $method_modifier); |
442 | } |
443 | |
444 | sub add_after_method_modifier { |
445 | my ($self, $method_name, $method_modifier) = @_; |
446 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
447 | || confess "You must pass in a method name"; |
448 | my $method = $fetch_and_prepare_method->($self, $method_name); |
449 | $method->add_after_modifier(subname ':after' => $method_modifier); |
450 | } |
451 | |
452 | sub add_around_method_modifier { |
453 | my ($self, $method_name, $method_modifier) = @_; |
454 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
455 | || confess "You must pass in a method name"; |
456 | my $method = $fetch_and_prepare_method->($self, $method_name); |
457 | $method->add_around_modifier(subname ':around' => $method_modifier); |
458 | } |
a4258ffd |
459 | |
8c936afc |
460 | # NOTE: |
461 | # the methods above used to be named like this: |
462 | # ${pkg}::${method}:(before|after|around) |
463 | # but this proved problematic when using one modifier |
464 | # to wrap multiple methods (something which is likely |
465 | # to happen pretty regularly IMO). So instead of naming |
466 | # it like this, I have chosen to just name them purely |
467 | # with their modifier names, like so: |
468 | # :(before|after|around) |
469 | # The fact is that in a stack trace, it will be fairly |
470 | # evident from the context what method they are attached |
471 | # to, and so don't need the fully qualified name. |
ee5e71d4 |
472 | } |
473 | |
663f8198 |
474 | sub alias_method { |
475 | my ($self, $method_name, $method) = @_; |
476 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
477 | || confess "You must define a method name"; |
de19f115 |
478 | |
0f71bc80 |
479 | my $body = (blessed($method) ? $method->body : $method); |
480 | ('CODE' eq (reftype($body) || '')) |
481 | || confess "Your code block must be a CODE reference"; |
7855ddba |
482 | |
483 | $self->add_package_symbol("&${method_name}" => $body); |
16e960bd |
484 | } |
485 | |
de19f115 |
486 | sub has_method { |
487 | my ($self, $method_name) = @_; |
488 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
489 | || confess "You must define a method name"; |
0882828e |
490 | |
0f71bc80 |
491 | return 0 unless exists $self->get_method_map->{$method_name}; |
de19f115 |
492 | return 1; |
0882828e |
493 | } |
494 | |
495 | sub get_method { |
c9b8b7f9 |
496 | my ($self, $method_name) = @_; |
0882828e |
497 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
498 | || confess "You must define a method name"; |
7855ddba |
499 | |
0f71bc80 |
500 | # NOTE: |
501 | # I don't really need this here, because |
502 | # if the method_map is missing a key it |
503 | # will just return undef for me now |
504 | # return unless $self->has_method($method_name); |
9d6dce77 |
505 | |
7855ddba |
506 | return $self->get_method_map->{$method_name}; |
c9b8b7f9 |
507 | } |
508 | |
509 | sub remove_method { |
510 | my ($self, $method_name) = @_; |
511 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
512 | || confess "You must define a method name"; |
513 | |
514 | my $removed_method = $self->get_method($method_name); |
515 | |
0f71bc80 |
516 | do { |
517 | $self->remove_package_symbol("&${method_name}"); |
518 | delete $self->get_method_map->{$method_name}; |
519 | } if defined $removed_method; |
7855ddba |
520 | |
c9b8b7f9 |
521 | return $removed_method; |
522 | } |
523 | |
524 | sub get_method_list { |
525 | my $self = shift; |
0f71bc80 |
526 | keys %{$self->get_method_map}; |
7855ddba |
527 | } |
528 | |
529 | sub find_method_by_name { |
530 | my ($self, $method_name) = @_; |
b9575695 |
531 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
532 | || confess "You must define a method name to find"; |
533 | # keep a record of what we have seen |
534 | # here, this will handle all the |
535 | # inheritence issues because we are |
536 | # using the &class_precedence_list |
537 | my %seen_class; |
538 | my @cpl = $self->class_precedence_list(); |
539 | foreach my $class (@cpl) { |
540 | next if $seen_class{$class}; |
541 | $seen_class{$class}++; |
542 | # fetch the meta-class ... |
543 | my $meta = $self->initialize($class); |
544 | return $meta->get_method($method_name) |
545 | if $meta->has_method($method_name); |
546 | } |
547 | return; |
a5eca695 |
548 | } |
549 | |
550 | sub compute_all_applicable_methods { |
551 | my $self = shift; |
552 | my @methods; |
553 | # keep a record of what we have seen |
554 | # here, this will handle all the |
555 | # inheritence issues because we are |
556 | # using the &class_precedence_list |
557 | my (%seen_class, %seen_method); |
558 | foreach my $class ($self->class_precedence_list()) { |
559 | next if $seen_class{$class}; |
560 | $seen_class{$class}++; |
561 | # fetch the meta-class ... |
562 | my $meta = $self->initialize($class); |
563 | foreach my $method_name ($meta->get_method_list()) { |
564 | next if exists $seen_method{$method_name}; |
565 | $seen_method{$method_name}++; |
566 | push @methods => { |
567 | name => $method_name, |
568 | class => $class, |
569 | code => $meta->get_method($method_name) |
570 | }; |
571 | } |
572 | } |
573 | return @methods; |
574 | } |
575 | |
a5eca695 |
576 | sub find_all_methods_by_name { |
577 | my ($self, $method_name) = @_; |
578 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
579 | || confess "You must define a method name to find"; |
580 | my @methods; |
581 | # keep a record of what we have seen |
582 | # here, this will handle all the |
583 | # inheritence issues because we are |
584 | # using the &class_precedence_list |
585 | my %seen_class; |
586 | foreach my $class ($self->class_precedence_list()) { |
587 | next if $seen_class{$class}; |
588 | $seen_class{$class}++; |
589 | # fetch the meta-class ... |
96ceced8 |
590 | my $meta = $self->initialize($class); |
a5eca695 |
591 | push @methods => { |
592 | name => $method_name, |
593 | class => $class, |
594 | code => $meta->get_method($method_name) |
595 | } if $meta->has_method($method_name); |
596 | } |
597 | return @methods; |
8b978dd5 |
598 | } |
599 | |
96ceced8 |
600 | sub find_next_method_by_name { |
601 | my ($self, $method_name) = @_; |
602 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
2d711cc8 |
603 | || confess "You must define a method name to find"; |
96ceced8 |
604 | # keep a record of what we have seen |
605 | # here, this will handle all the |
606 | # inheritence issues because we are |
607 | # using the &class_precedence_list |
608 | my %seen_class; |
2d711cc8 |
609 | my @cpl = $self->class_precedence_list(); |
610 | shift @cpl; # discard ourselves |
96ceced8 |
611 | foreach my $class (@cpl) { |
612 | next if $seen_class{$class}; |
613 | $seen_class{$class}++; |
614 | # fetch the meta-class ... |
615 | my $meta = $self->initialize($class); |
2d711cc8 |
616 | return $meta->get_method($method_name) |
617 | if $meta->has_method($method_name); |
96ceced8 |
618 | } |
2d711cc8 |
619 | return; |
96ceced8 |
620 | } |
621 | |
552e3d24 |
622 | ## Attributes |
623 | |
e16da3e6 |
624 | sub add_attribute { |
2e41896e |
625 | my $self = shift; |
626 | # either we have an attribute object already |
627 | # or we need to create one from the args provided |
628 | my $attribute = blessed($_[0]) ? $_[0] : $self->attribute_metaclass->new(@_); |
629 | # make sure it is derived from the correct type though |
630 | ($attribute->isa('Class::MOP::Attribute')) |
631 | || confess "Your attribute must be an instance of Class::MOP::Attribute (or a subclass)"; |
b1897d4d |
632 | |
633 | # first we attach our new attribute |
634 | # because it might need certain information |
635 | # about the class which it is attached to |
9ec169fe |
636 | $attribute->attach_to_class($self); |
b1897d4d |
637 | |
638 | # then we remove attributes of a conflicting |
639 | # name here so that we can properly detach |
640 | # the old attr object, and remove any |
641 | # accessors it would have generated |
642 | $self->remove_attribute($attribute->name) |
643 | if $self->has_attribute($attribute->name); |
644 | |
645 | # then onto installing the new accessors |
2d711cc8 |
646 | $attribute->install_accessors(); |
291073fc |
647 | $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute->name} = $attribute; |
e16da3e6 |
648 | } |
649 | |
650 | sub has_attribute { |
651 | my ($self, $attribute_name) = @_; |
652 | (defined $attribute_name && $attribute_name) |
653 | || confess "You must define an attribute name"; |
291073fc |
654 | exists $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute_name} ? 1 : 0; |
e16da3e6 |
655 | } |
656 | |
657 | sub get_attribute { |
658 | my ($self, $attribute_name) = @_; |
659 | (defined $attribute_name && $attribute_name) |
660 | || confess "You must define an attribute name"; |
f7259199 |
661 | return $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute_name} |
b1897d4d |
662 | # NOTE: |
663 | # this will return undef anyway, so no need ... |
664 | # if $self->has_attribute($attribute_name); |
665 | #return; |
e16da3e6 |
666 | } |
667 | |
668 | sub remove_attribute { |
669 | my ($self, $attribute_name) = @_; |
670 | (defined $attribute_name && $attribute_name) |
671 | || confess "You must define an attribute name"; |
7b31baf4 |
672 | my $removed_attribute = $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute_name}; |
22286063 |
673 | return unless defined $removed_attribute; |
674 | delete $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute_name}; |
2d711cc8 |
675 | $removed_attribute->remove_accessors(); |
2d711cc8 |
676 | $removed_attribute->detach_from_class(); |
e16da3e6 |
677 | return $removed_attribute; |
678 | } |
679 | |
680 | sub get_attribute_list { |
681 | my $self = shift; |
f7259199 |
682 | keys %{$self->get_attribute_map}; |
e16da3e6 |
683 | } |
684 | |
685 | sub compute_all_applicable_attributes { |
686 | my $self = shift; |
687 | my @attrs; |
688 | # keep a record of what we have seen |
689 | # here, this will handle all the |
690 | # inheritence issues because we are |
691 | # using the &class_precedence_list |
692 | my (%seen_class, %seen_attr); |
693 | foreach my $class ($self->class_precedence_list()) { |
694 | next if $seen_class{$class}; |
695 | $seen_class{$class}++; |
696 | # fetch the meta-class ... |
f7259199 |
697 | my $meta = $self->initialize($class); |
e16da3e6 |
698 | foreach my $attr_name ($meta->get_attribute_list()) { |
699 | next if exists $seen_attr{$attr_name}; |
700 | $seen_attr{$attr_name}++; |
c9e77dbb |
701 | push @attrs => $meta->get_attribute($attr_name); |
e16da3e6 |
702 | } |
703 | } |
704 | return @attrs; |
705 | } |
2eb717d5 |
706 | |
058c1cf5 |
707 | sub find_attribute_by_name { |
708 | my ($self, $attr_name) = @_; |
709 | # keep a record of what we have seen |
710 | # here, this will handle all the |
711 | # inheritence issues because we are |
712 | # using the &class_precedence_list |
713 | my %seen_class; |
714 | foreach my $class ($self->class_precedence_list()) { |
715 | next if $seen_class{$class}; |
716 | $seen_class{$class}++; |
717 | # fetch the meta-class ... |
718 | my $meta = $self->initialize($class); |
719 | return $meta->get_attribute($attr_name) |
720 | if $meta->has_attribute($attr_name); |
721 | } |
722 | return; |
723 | } |
724 | |
857f87a7 |
725 | ## Class closing |
726 | |
727 | sub is_mutable { 1 } |
728 | sub is_immutable { 0 } |
729 | |
730 | sub make_immutable { |
c0cbf4d9 |
731 | return Class::MOP::Class::Immutable->make_metaclass_immutable(@_); |
857f87a7 |
732 | } |
733 | |
8b978dd5 |
734 | 1; |
735 | |
736 | __END__ |
737 | |
738 | =pod |
739 | |
740 | =head1 NAME |
741 | |
742 | Class::MOP::Class - Class Meta Object |
743 | |
744 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
745 | |
8c936afc |
746 | # assuming that class Foo |
747 | # has been defined, you can |
748 | |
fe122940 |
749 | # use this for introspection ... |
750 | |
fe122940 |
751 | # add a method to Foo ... |
752 | Foo->meta->add_method('bar' => sub { ... }) |
753 | |
754 | # get a list of all the classes searched |
755 | # the method dispatcher in the correct order |
756 | Foo->meta->class_precedence_list() |
757 | |
758 | # remove a method from Foo |
759 | Foo->meta->remove_method('bar'); |
760 | |
761 | # or use this to actually create classes ... |
762 | |
88dd563c |
763 | Class::MOP::Class->create('Bar' => ( |
764 | version => '0.01', |
fe122940 |
765 | superclasses => [ 'Foo' ], |
766 | attributes => [ |
767 | Class::MOP:::Attribute->new('$bar'), |
768 | Class::MOP:::Attribute->new('$baz'), |
769 | ], |
770 | methods => { |
771 | calculate_bar => sub { ... }, |
772 | construct_baz => sub { ... } |
773 | } |
774 | )); |
775 | |
8b978dd5 |
776 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
777 | |
fe122940 |
778 | This is the largest and currently most complex part of the Perl 5 |
779 | meta-object protocol. It controls the introspection and |
780 | manipulation of Perl 5 classes (and it can create them too). The |
781 | best way to understand what this module can do, is to read the |
782 | documentation for each of it's methods. |
783 | |
552e3d24 |
784 | =head1 METHODS |
785 | |
2eb717d5 |
786 | =head2 Self Introspection |
787 | |
788 | =over 4 |
789 | |
790 | =item B<meta> |
791 | |
fe122940 |
792 | This will return a B<Class::MOP::Class> instance which is related |
793 | to this class. Thereby allowing B<Class::MOP::Class> to actually |
794 | introspect itself. |
795 | |
796 | As with B<Class::MOP::Attribute>, B<Class::MOP> will actually |
797 | bootstrap this module by installing a number of attribute meta-objects |
798 | into it's metaclass. This will allow this class to reap all the benifits |
799 | of the MOP when subclassing it. |
2eb717d5 |
800 | |
801 | =back |
802 | |
552e3d24 |
803 | =head2 Class construction |
804 | |
a2e85e6c |
805 | These methods will handle creating B<Class::MOP::Class> objects, |
806 | which can be used to both create new classes, and analyze |
807 | pre-existing classes. |
552e3d24 |
808 | |
809 | This module will internally store references to all the instances |
810 | you create with these methods, so that they do not need to be |
811 | created any more than nessecary. Basically, they are singletons. |
812 | |
813 | =over 4 |
814 | |
88dd563c |
815 | =item B<create ($package_name, |
816 | version =E<gt> ?$version, |
817 | authority =E<gt> ?$authority, |
a2e85e6c |
818 | superclasses =E<gt> ?@superclasses, |
819 | methods =E<gt> ?%methods, |
820 | attributes =E<gt> ?%attributes)> |
552e3d24 |
821 | |
a2e85e6c |
822 | This returns a B<Class::MOP::Class> object, bringing the specified |
88dd563c |
823 | C<$package_name> into existence and adding any of the C<$version>, |
824 | C<$authority>, C<@superclasses>, C<%methods> and C<%attributes> to |
825 | it. |
552e3d24 |
826 | |
587aca23 |
827 | =item B<create_anon_class (superclasses =E<gt> ?@superclasses, |
828 | methods =E<gt> ?%methods, |
829 | attributes =E<gt> ?%attributes)> |
830 | |
831 | This will create an anonymous class, it works much like C<create> but |
832 | it does not need a C<$package_name>. Instead it will create a suitably |
833 | unique package name for you to stash things into. |
834 | |
66b3dded |
835 | =item B<initialize ($package_name, %options)> |
552e3d24 |
836 | |
a2e85e6c |
837 | This initializes and returns returns a B<Class::MOP::Class> object |
838 | for a given a C<$package_name>. |
839 | |
66b3dded |
840 | =item B<reinitialize ($package_name, %options)> |
841 | |
842 | This removes the old metaclass, and creates a new one in it's place. |
843 | Do B<not> use this unless you really know what you are doing, it could |
844 | very easily make a very large mess of your program. |
845 | |
651955fb |
846 | =item B<construct_class_instance (%options)> |
a2e85e6c |
847 | |
848 | This will construct an instance of B<Class::MOP::Class>, it is |
849 | here so that we can actually "tie the knot" for B<Class::MOP::Class> |
850 | to use C<construct_instance> once all the bootstrapping is done. This |
851 | method is used internally by C<initialize> and should never be called |
852 | from outside of that method really. |
552e3d24 |
853 | |
550d56db |
854 | =item B<check_metaclass_compatability> |
855 | |
856 | This method is called as the very last thing in the |
857 | C<construct_class_instance> method. This will check that the |
858 | metaclass you are creating is compatible with the metaclasses of all |
859 | your ancestors. For more inforamtion about metaclass compatibility |
860 | see the C<About Metaclass compatibility> section in L<Class::MOP>. |
861 | |
552e3d24 |
862 | =back |
863 | |
c9e77dbb |
864 | =head2 Object instance construction and cloning |
a2e85e6c |
865 | |
c9e77dbb |
866 | These methods are B<entirely optional>, it is up to you whether you want |
867 | to use them or not. |
552e3d24 |
868 | |
869 | =over 4 |
870 | |
2bab2be6 |
871 | =item B<instance_metaclass> |
872 | |
2d711cc8 |
873 | =item B<get_meta_instance> |
874 | |
5f3c057a |
875 | =item B<new_object (%params)> |
876 | |
877 | This is a convience method for creating a new object of the class, and |
878 | blessing it into the appropriate package as well. Ideally your class |
879 | would call a C<new> this method like so: |
880 | |
881 | sub MyClass::new { |
882 | my ($class, %param) = @_; |
883 | $class->meta->new_object(%params); |
884 | } |
885 | |
886 | Of course the ideal place for this would actually be in C<UNIVERSAL::> |
887 | but that is considered bad style, so we do not do that. |
888 | |
cbd9f942 |
889 | =item B<construct_instance (%params)> |
552e3d24 |
890 | |
c9e77dbb |
891 | This method is used to construct an instace structure suitable for |
892 | C<bless>-ing into your package of choice. It works in conjunction |
893 | with the Attribute protocol to collect all applicable attributes. |
894 | |
cbd9f942 |
895 | This will construct and instance using a HASH ref as storage |
552e3d24 |
896 | (currently only HASH references are supported). This will collect all |
a2e85e6c |
897 | the applicable attributes and layout out the fields in the HASH ref, |
898 | it will then initialize them using either use the corresponding key |
899 | in C<%params> or any default value or initializer found in the |
900 | attribute meta-object. |
727919c5 |
901 | |
5f3c057a |
902 | =item B<clone_object ($instance, %params)> |
903 | |
904 | This is a convience method for cloning an object instance, then |
19d4b5b8 |
905 | blessing it into the appropriate package. This method will call |
906 | C<clone_instance>, which performs a shallow copy of the object, |
907 | see that methods documentation for more details. Ideally your |
908 | class would call a C<clone> this method like so: |
5f3c057a |
909 | |
910 | sub MyClass::clone { |
911 | my ($self, %param) = @_; |
912 | $self->meta->clone_object($self, %params); |
913 | } |
914 | |
915 | Of course the ideal place for this would actually be in C<UNIVERSAL::> |
916 | but that is considered bad style, so we do not do that. |
917 | |
c9e77dbb |
918 | =item B<clone_instance($instance, %params)> |
919 | |
920 | This method is a compliment of C<construct_instance> (which means if |
19d4b5b8 |
921 | you override C<construct_instance>, you need to override this one too), |
922 | and clones the instance shallowly. |
a27ae83f |
923 | |
924 | The cloned structure returned is (like with C<construct_instance>) an |
925 | unC<bless>ed HASH reference, it is your responsibility to then bless |
926 | this cloned structure into the right class (which C<clone_object> will |
927 | do for you). |
c9e77dbb |
928 | |
19d4b5b8 |
929 | As of 0.11, this method will clone the C<$instance> structure shallowly, |
930 | as opposed to the deep cloning implemented in prior versions. After much |
931 | thought, research and discussion, I have decided that anything but basic |
932 | shallow cloning is outside the scope of the meta-object protocol. I |
933 | think Yuval "nothingmuch" Kogman put it best when he said that cloning |
934 | is too I<context-specific> to be part of the MOP. |
935 | |
552e3d24 |
936 | =back |
937 | |
938 | =head2 Informational |
939 | |
b9d9fc0b |
940 | These are a few predicate methods for asking information about the class. |
552e3d24 |
941 | |
b9d9fc0b |
942 | =over 4 |
552e3d24 |
943 | |
b9d9fc0b |
944 | =item B<is_anon_class> |
552e3d24 |
945 | |
b9d9fc0b |
946 | =item B<is_mutable> |
552e3d24 |
947 | |
b9d9fc0b |
948 | =item B<is_immutable> |
552e3d24 |
949 | |
950 | =back |
951 | |
952 | =head2 Inheritance Relationships |
953 | |
954 | =over 4 |
955 | |
956 | =item B<superclasses (?@superclasses)> |
957 | |
958 | This is a read-write attribute which represents the superclass |
a2e85e6c |
959 | relationships of the class the B<Class::MOP::Class> instance is |
960 | associated with. Basically, it can get and set the C<@ISA> for you. |
552e3d24 |
961 | |
343203ee |
962 | B<NOTE:> |
963 | Perl will occasionally perform some C<@ISA> and method caching, if |
964 | you decide to change your superclass relationship at runtime (which |
965 | is quite insane and very much not recommened), then you should be |
966 | aware of this and the fact that this module does not make any |
967 | attempt to address this issue. |
968 | |
552e3d24 |
969 | =item B<class_precedence_list> |
970 | |
a2e85e6c |
971 | This computes the a list of all the class's ancestors in the same order |
972 | in which method dispatch will be done. This is similair to |
973 | what B<Class::ISA::super_path> does, but we don't remove duplicate names. |
552e3d24 |
974 | |
975 | =back |
976 | |
977 | =head2 Methods |
978 | |
979 | =over 4 |
980 | |
c4260b45 |
981 | =item B<get_method_map> |
982 | |
2e41896e |
983 | =item B<method_metaclass> |
984 | |
552e3d24 |
985 | =item B<add_method ($method_name, $method)> |
986 | |
987 | This will take a C<$method_name> and CODE reference to that |
a2e85e6c |
988 | C<$method> and install it into the class's package. |
552e3d24 |
989 | |
a2e85e6c |
990 | B<NOTE>: |
991 | This does absolutely nothing special to C<$method> |
552e3d24 |
992 | other than use B<Sub::Name> to make sure it is tagged with the |
993 | correct name, and therefore show up correctly in stack traces and |
994 | such. |
995 | |
663f8198 |
996 | =item B<alias_method ($method_name, $method)> |
997 | |
998 | This will take a C<$method_name> and CODE reference to that |
999 | C<$method> and alias the method into the class's package. |
1000 | |
1001 | B<NOTE>: |
1002 | Unlike C<add_method>, this will B<not> try to name the |
1003 | C<$method> using B<Sub::Name>, it only aliases the method in |
1004 | the class's package. |
1005 | |
552e3d24 |
1006 | =item B<has_method ($method_name)> |
1007 | |
a2e85e6c |
1008 | This just provides a simple way to check if the class implements |
552e3d24 |
1009 | a specific C<$method_name>. It will I<not> however, attempt to check |
a2e85e6c |
1010 | if the class inherits the method (use C<UNIVERSAL::can> for that). |
552e3d24 |
1011 | |
1012 | This will correctly handle functions defined outside of the package |
1013 | that use a fully qualified name (C<sub Package::name { ... }>). |
1014 | |
1015 | This will correctly handle functions renamed with B<Sub::Name> and |
1016 | installed using the symbol tables. However, if you are naming the |
1017 | subroutine outside of the package scope, you must use the fully |
1018 | qualified name, including the package name, for C<has_method> to |
1019 | correctly identify it. |
1020 | |
1021 | This will attempt to correctly ignore functions imported from other |
1022 | packages using B<Exporter>. It breaks down if the function imported |
1023 | is an C<__ANON__> sub (such as with C<use constant>), which very well |
1024 | may be a valid method being applied to the class. |
1025 | |
1026 | In short, this method cannot always be trusted to determine if the |
1027 | C<$method_name> is actually a method. However, it will DWIM about |
a2e85e6c |
1028 | 90% of the time, so it's a small trade off I think. |
552e3d24 |
1029 | |
1030 | =item B<get_method ($method_name)> |
1031 | |
86482605 |
1032 | This will return a Class::MOP::Method instance related to the specified |
1033 | C<$method_name>, or return undef if that method does not exist. |
1034 | |
1035 | The Class::MOP::Method is codifiable, so you can use it like a normal |
1036 | CODE reference, see L<Class::MOP::Method> for more information. |
552e3d24 |
1037 | |
16e960bd |
1038 | =item B<find_method_by_name ($method_name> |
1039 | |
1040 | This will return a CODE reference of the specified C<$method_name>, |
1041 | or return undef if that method does not exist. |
1042 | |
1043 | Unlike C<get_method> this will also look in the superclasses. |
1044 | |
552e3d24 |
1045 | =item B<remove_method ($method_name)> |
1046 | |
a2e85e6c |
1047 | This will attempt to remove a given C<$method_name> from the class. |
552e3d24 |
1048 | It will return the CODE reference that it has removed, and will |
1049 | attempt to use B<Sub::Name> to clear the methods associated name. |
1050 | |
1051 | =item B<get_method_list> |
1052 | |
1053 | This will return a list of method names for all I<locally> defined |
1054 | methods. It does B<not> provide a list of all applicable methods, |
1055 | including any inherited ones. If you want a list of all applicable |
1056 | methods, use the C<compute_all_applicable_methods> method. |
1057 | |
1058 | =item B<compute_all_applicable_methods> |
1059 | |
a2e85e6c |
1060 | This will return a list of all the methods names this class will |
1061 | respond to, taking into account inheritance. The list will be a list of |
552e3d24 |
1062 | HASH references, each one containing the following information; method |
1063 | name, the name of the class in which the method lives and a CODE |
1064 | reference for the actual method. |
1065 | |
1066 | =item B<find_all_methods_by_name ($method_name)> |
1067 | |
1068 | This will traverse the inheritence hierarchy and locate all methods |
1069 | with a given C<$method_name>. Similar to |
1070 | C<compute_all_applicable_methods> it returns a list of HASH references |
1071 | with the following information; method name (which will always be the |
1072 | same as C<$method_name>), the name of the class in which the method |
1073 | lives and a CODE reference for the actual method. |
1074 | |
1075 | The list of methods produced is a distinct list, meaning there are no |
1076 | duplicates in it. This is especially useful for things like object |
1077 | initialization and destruction where you only want the method called |
1078 | once, and in the correct order. |
1079 | |
96ceced8 |
1080 | =item B<find_next_method_by_name ($method_name)> |
1081 | |
1082 | This will return the first method to match a given C<$method_name> in |
1083 | the superclasses, this is basically equivalent to calling |
1084 | C<SUPER::$method_name>, but it can be dispatched at runtime. |
1085 | |
552e3d24 |
1086 | =back |
1087 | |
a4258ffd |
1088 | =head2 Method Modifiers |
1089 | |
96ceced8 |
1090 | Method modifiers are a concept borrowed from CLOS, in which a method |
1091 | can be wrapped with I<before>, I<after> and I<around> method modifiers |
1092 | that will be called everytime the method is called. |
1093 | |
1094 | =head3 How method modifiers work? |
1095 | |
1096 | Method modifiers work by wrapping the original method and then replacing |
1097 | it in the classes symbol table. The wrappers will handle calling all the |
1098 | modifiers in the appropariate orders and preserving the calling context |
1099 | for the original method. |
1100 | |
1101 | Each method modifier serves a particular purpose, which may not be |
1102 | obvious to users of other method wrapping modules. To start with, the |
1103 | return values of I<before> and I<after> modifiers are ignored. This is |
1104 | because thier purpose is B<not> to filter the input and output of the |
1105 | primary method (this is done with an I<around> modifier). This may seem |
1106 | like an odd restriction to some, but doing this allows for simple code |
1107 | to be added at the begining or end of a method call without jeapordizing |
1108 | the normal functioning of the primary method or placing any extra |
1109 | responsibility on the code of the modifier. Of course if you have more |
1110 | complex needs, then use the I<around> modifier, which uses a variation |
1111 | of continutation passing style to allow for a high degree of flexibility. |
1112 | |
1113 | Before and around modifiers are called in last-defined-first-called order, |
1114 | while after modifiers are called in first-defined-first-called order. So |
1115 | the call tree might looks something like this: |
1116 | |
1117 | before 2 |
1118 | before 1 |
1119 | around 2 |
1120 | around 1 |
1121 | primary |
1122 | after 1 |
1123 | after 2 |
1124 | |
1125 | To see examples of using method modifiers, see the following examples |
1126 | included in the distribution; F<InstanceCountingClass>, F<Perl6Attribute>, |
1127 | F<AttributesWithHistory> and F<C3MethodDispatchOrder>. There is also a |
1128 | classic CLOS usage example in the test F<017_add_method_modifier.t>. |
1129 | |
1130 | =head3 What is the performance impact? |
1131 | |
1132 | Of course there is a performance cost associated with method modifiers, |
1133 | but we have made every effort to make that cost be directly proportional |
1134 | to the amount of modifier features you utilize. |
1135 | |
1136 | The wrapping method does it's best to B<only> do as much work as it |
1137 | absolutely needs to. In order to do this we have moved some of the |
1138 | performance costs to set-up time, where they are easier to amortize. |
1139 | |
1140 | All this said, my benchmarks have indicated the following: |
1141 | |
1142 | simple wrapper with no modifiers 100% slower |
1143 | simple wrapper with simple before modifier 400% slower |
1144 | simple wrapper with simple after modifier 450% slower |
1145 | simple wrapper with simple around modifier 500-550% slower |
1146 | simple wrapper with all 3 modifiers 1100% slower |
1147 | |
1148 | These numbers may seem daunting, but you must remember, every feature |
1149 | comes with some cost. To put things in perspective, just doing a simple |
1150 | C<AUTOLOAD> which does nothing but extract the name of the method called |
1151 | and return it costs about 400% over a normal method call. |
1152 | |
a4258ffd |
1153 | =over 4 |
1154 | |
1155 | =item B<add_before_method_modifier ($method_name, $code)> |
1156 | |
96ceced8 |
1157 | This will wrap the method at C<$method_name> and the supplied C<$code> |
1158 | will be passed the C<@_> arguments, and called before the original |
1159 | method is called. As specified above, the return value of the I<before> |
1160 | method modifiers is ignored, and it's ability to modify C<@_> is |
1161 | fairly limited. If you need to do either of these things, use an |
1162 | C<around> method modifier. |
1163 | |
a4258ffd |
1164 | =item B<add_after_method_modifier ($method_name, $code)> |
1165 | |
96ceced8 |
1166 | This will wrap the method at C<$method_name> so that the original |
1167 | method will be called, it's return values stashed, and then the |
1168 | supplied C<$code> will be passed the C<@_> arguments, and called. |
1169 | As specified above, the return value of the I<after> method |
1170 | modifiers is ignored, and it cannot modify the return values of |
1171 | the original method. If you need to do either of these things, use an |
1172 | C<around> method modifier. |
1173 | |
a4258ffd |
1174 | =item B<add_around_method_modifier ($method_name, $code)> |
1175 | |
96ceced8 |
1176 | This will wrap the method at C<$method_name> so that C<$code> |
1177 | will be called and passed the original method as an extra argument |
1178 | at the begining of the C<@_> argument list. This is a variation of |
1179 | continuation passing style, where the function prepended to C<@_> |
1180 | can be considered a continuation. It is up to C<$code> if it calls |
1181 | the original method or not, there is no restriction on what the |
1182 | C<$code> can or cannot do. |
1183 | |
a4258ffd |
1184 | =back |
1185 | |
552e3d24 |
1186 | =head2 Attributes |
1187 | |
1188 | It should be noted that since there is no one consistent way to define |
1189 | the attributes of a class in Perl 5. These methods can only work with |
1190 | the information given, and can not easily discover information on |
a2e85e6c |
1191 | their own. See L<Class::MOP::Attribute> for more details. |
552e3d24 |
1192 | |
1193 | =over 4 |
1194 | |
2e41896e |
1195 | =item B<attribute_metaclass> |
1196 | |
7b31baf4 |
1197 | =item B<get_attribute_map> |
1198 | |
552e3d24 |
1199 | =item B<add_attribute ($attribute_name, $attribute_meta_object)> |
1200 | |
a2e85e6c |
1201 | This stores a C<$attribute_meta_object> in the B<Class::MOP::Class> |
1202 | instance associated with the given class, and associates it with |
1203 | the C<$attribute_name>. Unlike methods, attributes within the MOP |
1204 | are stored as meta-information only. They will be used later to |
1205 | construct instances from (see C<construct_instance> above). |
552e3d24 |
1206 | More details about the attribute meta-objects can be found in the |
a2e85e6c |
1207 | L<Class::MOP::Attribute> or the L<Class::MOP/The Attribute protocol> |
1208 | section. |
1209 | |
1210 | It should be noted that any accessor, reader/writer or predicate |
1211 | methods which the C<$attribute_meta_object> has will be installed |
1212 | into the class at this time. |
552e3d24 |
1213 | |
86482605 |
1214 | B<NOTE> |
1215 | If an attribute already exists for C<$attribute_name>, the old one |
1216 | will be removed (as well as removing all it's accessors), and then |
1217 | the new one added. |
1218 | |
552e3d24 |
1219 | =item B<has_attribute ($attribute_name)> |
1220 | |
a2e85e6c |
1221 | Checks to see if this class has an attribute by the name of |
552e3d24 |
1222 | C<$attribute_name> and returns a boolean. |
1223 | |
1224 | =item B<get_attribute ($attribute_name)> |
1225 | |
1226 | Returns the attribute meta-object associated with C<$attribute_name>, |
1227 | if none is found, it will return undef. |
1228 | |
1229 | =item B<remove_attribute ($attribute_name)> |
1230 | |
1231 | This will remove the attribute meta-object stored at |
1232 | C<$attribute_name>, then return the removed attribute meta-object. |
1233 | |
a2e85e6c |
1234 | B<NOTE:> |
1235 | Removing an attribute will only affect future instances of |
552e3d24 |
1236 | the class, it will not make any attempt to remove the attribute from |
1237 | any existing instances of the class. |
1238 | |
a2e85e6c |
1239 | It should be noted that any accessor, reader/writer or predicate |
1240 | methods which the attribute meta-object stored at C<$attribute_name> |
1241 | has will be removed from the class at this time. This B<will> make |
1242 | these attributes somewhat inaccessable in previously created |
1243 | instances. But if you are crazy enough to do this at runtime, then |
1244 | you are crazy enough to deal with something like this :). |
1245 | |
552e3d24 |
1246 | =item B<get_attribute_list> |
1247 | |
1248 | This returns a list of attribute names which are defined in the local |
1249 | class. If you want a list of all applicable attributes for a class, |
1250 | use the C<compute_all_applicable_attributes> method. |
1251 | |
1252 | =item B<compute_all_applicable_attributes> |
1253 | |
c9e77dbb |
1254 | This will traverse the inheritance heirachy and return a list of all |
1255 | the applicable attributes for this class. It does not construct a |
1256 | HASH reference like C<compute_all_applicable_methods> because all |
1257 | that same information is discoverable through the attribute |
1258 | meta-object itself. |
552e3d24 |
1259 | |
058c1cf5 |
1260 | =item B<find_attribute_by_name ($attr_name)> |
1261 | |
1262 | This method will traverse the inheritance heirachy and find the |
1263 | first attribute whose name matches C<$attr_name>, then return it. |
1264 | It will return undef if nothing is found. |
1265 | |
552e3d24 |
1266 | =back |
1267 | |
857f87a7 |
1268 | =head2 Class closing |
1269 | |
1270 | =over 4 |
1271 | |
857f87a7 |
1272 | =item B<make_immutable> |
1273 | |
1274 | =back |
1275 | |
1a09d9cc |
1276 | =head1 AUTHORS |
8b978dd5 |
1277 | |
a2e85e6c |
1278 | Stevan Little E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt> |
8b978dd5 |
1279 | |
1a09d9cc |
1280 | Yuval Kogman E<lt>nothingmuch@woobling.comE<gt> |
1281 | |
8b978dd5 |
1282 | =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE |
1283 | |
1284 | Copyright 2006 by Infinity Interactive, Inc. |
1285 | |
1286 | L<http://www.iinteractive.com> |
1287 | |
1288 | This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
1289 | it under the same terms as Perl itself. |
1290 | |
798baea5 |
1291 | =cut |