Commit | Line | Data |
8b978dd5 |
1 | |
2 | package Class::MOP::Class; |
3 | |
4 | use strict; |
5 | use warnings; |
6 | |
7 | use Carp 'confess'; |
77e5fce4 |
8 | use Scalar::Util 'blessed', 'reftype', 'weaken'; |
8b978dd5 |
9 | use Sub::Name 'subname'; |
96ceced8 |
10 | use B 'svref_2object'; |
8b978dd5 |
11 | |
df7b4119 |
12 | our $VERSION = '0.15'; |
8b978dd5 |
13 | |
2243a22b |
14 | use base 'Class::MOP::Module'; |
15 | |
839ea973 |
16 | use Class::MOP::Instance; |
17 | |
aa448b16 |
18 | # Self-introspection |
2eb717d5 |
19 | |
aa448b16 |
20 | sub meta { Class::MOP::Class->initialize(blessed($_[0]) || $_[0]) } |
2eb717d5 |
21 | |
8b978dd5 |
22 | # Creation |
23 | |
f7259199 |
24 | { |
bfe4d0fc |
25 | # Metaclasses are singletons, so we cache them here. |
26 | # there is no need to worry about destruction though |
27 | # because they should die only when the program dies. |
28 | # After all, do package definitions even get reaped? |
587aca23 |
29 | my %METAS; |
30 | |
31 | # means of accessing all the metaclasses that have |
32 | # been initialized thus far (for mugwumps obj browser) |
33 | sub get_all_metaclasses { %METAS } |
34 | sub get_all_metaclass_instances { values %METAS } |
35 | sub get_all_metaclass_names { keys %METAS } |
651955fb |
36 | |
bfe4d0fc |
37 | sub initialize { |
351bd7d4 |
38 | my $class = shift; |
39 | my $package_name = shift; |
22286063 |
40 | (defined $package_name && $package_name && !blessed($package_name)) |
41 | || confess "You must pass a package name and it cannot be blessed"; |
651955fb |
42 | $class->construct_class_instance(':package' => $package_name, @_); |
727919c5 |
43 | } |
44 | |
ff43b9d6 |
45 | sub reinitialize { |
46 | my $class = shift; |
47 | my $package_name = shift; |
48 | (defined $package_name && $package_name && !blessed($package_name)) |
49 | || confess "You must pass a package name and it cannot be blessed"; |
50 | $METAS{$package_name} = undef; |
51 | $class->construct_class_instance(':package' => $package_name, @_); |
77e5fce4 |
52 | } |
53 | |
54 | # NOTE: |
55 | # we need a sufficiently annoying prefix |
56 | # this should suffice for now |
57 | my $ANON_CLASS_PREFIX = 'Class::MOP::Class::__ANON__::SERIAL::'; |
58 | |
59 | { |
60 | # NOTE: |
61 | # this should be sufficient, if you have a |
62 | # use case where it is not, write a test and |
63 | # I will change it. |
64 | my $ANON_CLASS_SERIAL = 0; |
65 | |
66 | sub create_anon_class { |
67 | my ($class, %options) = @_; |
68 | my $package_name = $ANON_CLASS_PREFIX . ++$ANON_CLASS_SERIAL; |
69 | return $class->create($package_name, '0.00', %options); |
70 | } |
71 | } |
ff43b9d6 |
72 | |
727919c5 |
73 | # NOTE: (meta-circularity) |
74 | # this is a special form of &construct_instance |
75 | # (see below), which is used to construct class |
1a7ebbb3 |
76 | # meta-object instances for any Class::MOP::* |
77 | # class. All other classes will use the more |
78 | # normal &construct_instance. |
727919c5 |
79 | sub construct_class_instance { |
351bd7d4 |
80 | my $class = shift; |
651955fb |
81 | my %options = @_; |
82 | my $package_name = $options{':package'}; |
727919c5 |
83 | (defined $package_name && $package_name) |
651955fb |
84 | || confess "You must pass a package name"; |
2d711cc8 |
85 | # NOTE: |
86 | # return the metaclass if we have it cached, |
87 | # and it is still defined (it has not been |
88 | # reaped by DESTROY yet, which can happen |
89 | # annoyingly enough during global destruction) |
2f6d5412 |
90 | return $METAS{$package_name} |
2d711cc8 |
91 | if exists $METAS{$package_name} && defined $METAS{$package_name}; |
1a7ebbb3 |
92 | $class = blessed($class) || $class; |
550d56db |
93 | # now create the metaclass |
94 | my $meta; |
1a7ebbb3 |
95 | if ($class =~ /^Class::MOP::/) { |
550d56db |
96 | $meta = bless { |
351bd7d4 |
97 | '$:package' => $package_name, |
98 | '%:attributes' => {}, |
550d56db |
99 | '$:attribute_metaclass' => $options{':attribute_metaclass'} || 'Class::MOP::Attribute', |
2bab2be6 |
100 | '$:method_metaclass' => $options{':method_metaclass'} || 'Class::MOP::Method', |
857f87a7 |
101 | '$:instance_metaclass' => $options{':instance_metaclass'} || 'Class::MOP::Instance', |
1a7ebbb3 |
102 | } => $class; |
103 | } |
104 | else { |
5f3c057a |
105 | # NOTE: |
106 | # it is safe to use meta here because |
107 | # class will always be a subclass of |
108 | # Class::MOP::Class, which defines meta |
40483095 |
109 | $meta = $class->meta->construct_instance(%options) |
1a7ebbb3 |
110 | } |
550d56db |
111 | # and check the metaclass compatibility |
112 | $meta->check_metaclass_compatability(); |
113 | $METAS{$package_name} = $meta; |
77e5fce4 |
114 | # NOTE: |
115 | # we need to weaken any anon classes |
116 | # so that they can call DESTROY properly |
117 | weaken($METAS{$package_name}) |
118 | if $package_name =~ /^$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX/; |
119 | $meta; |
120 | } |
121 | |
122 | # NOTE: |
123 | # this will only get called for |
124 | # anon-classes, all other calls |
125 | # are assumed to occur during |
126 | # global destruction and so don't |
127 | # really need to be handled explicitly |
128 | sub DESTROY { |
129 | my $self = shift; |
130 | return unless $self->name =~ /^$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX/; |
131 | my ($serial_id) = ($self->name =~ /^$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX(\d+)/); |
8a402c9e |
132 | no strict 'refs'; |
77e5fce4 |
133 | foreach my $key (keys %{$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX . $serial_id}) { |
134 | delete ${$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX . $serial_id}{$key}; |
135 | } |
136 | delete ${'main::' . $ANON_CLASS_PREFIX}{$serial_id . '::'}; |
550d56db |
137 | } |
138 | |
139 | sub check_metaclass_compatability { |
140 | my $self = shift; |
141 | |
142 | # this is always okay ... |
d82060fe |
143 | return if blessed($self) eq 'Class::MOP::Class' && |
144 | $self->instance_metaclass eq 'Class::MOP::Instance'; |
550d56db |
145 | |
146 | my @class_list = $self->class_precedence_list; |
147 | shift @class_list; # shift off $self->name |
148 | |
149 | foreach my $class_name (@class_list) { |
96ceced8 |
150 | my $meta = $METAS{$class_name} || next; |
550d56db |
151 | ($self->isa(blessed($meta))) |
152 | || confess $self->name . "->meta => (" . (blessed($self)) . ")" . |
153 | " is not compatible with the " . |
154 | $class_name . "->meta => (" . (blessed($meta)) . ")"; |
f7259199 |
155 | # NOTE: |
156 | # we also need to check that instance metaclasses |
157 | # are compatabile in the same the class. |
158 | ($self->instance_metaclass->isa($meta->instance_metaclass)) |
159 | || confess $self->name . "->meta => (" . ($self->instance_metaclass) . ")" . |
160 | " is not compatible with the " . |
161 | $class_name . "->meta => (" . ($meta->instance_metaclass) . ")"; |
550d56db |
162 | } |
fa16e528 |
163 | } |
f7259199 |
164 | } |
8b978dd5 |
165 | |
166 | sub create { |
167 | my ($class, $package_name, $package_version, %options) = @_; |
bfe4d0fc |
168 | (defined $package_name && $package_name) |
8b978dd5 |
169 | || confess "You must pass a package name"; |
170 | my $code = "package $package_name;"; |
171 | $code .= "\$$package_name\:\:VERSION = '$package_version';" |
172 | if defined $package_version; |
173 | eval $code; |
174 | confess "creation of $package_name failed : $@" if $@; |
bfe4d0fc |
175 | my $meta = $class->initialize($package_name); |
aa448b16 |
176 | |
177 | $meta->add_method('meta' => sub { |
df7b4119 |
178 | $class->initialize(blessed($_[0]) || $_[0]); |
aa448b16 |
179 | }); |
180 | |
8b978dd5 |
181 | $meta->superclasses(@{$options{superclasses}}) |
182 | if exists $options{superclasses}; |
2eb717d5 |
183 | # NOTE: |
184 | # process attributes first, so that they can |
185 | # install accessors, but locally defined methods |
186 | # can then overwrite them. It is maybe a little odd, but |
187 | # I think this should be the order of things. |
188 | if (exists $options{attributes}) { |
cbd9f942 |
189 | foreach my $attr (@{$options{attributes}}) { |
190 | $meta->add_attribute($attr); |
2eb717d5 |
191 | } |
192 | } |
bfe4d0fc |
193 | if (exists $options{methods}) { |
194 | foreach my $method_name (keys %{$options{methods}}) { |
195 | $meta->add_method($method_name, $options{methods}->{$method_name}); |
196 | } |
2eb717d5 |
197 | } |
8b978dd5 |
198 | return $meta; |
199 | } |
200 | |
7b31baf4 |
201 | ## Attribute readers |
202 | |
203 | # NOTE: |
204 | # all these attribute readers will be bootstrapped |
205 | # away in the Class::MOP bootstrap section |
206 | |
207 | sub name { $_[0]->{'$:package'} } |
208 | sub get_attribute_map { $_[0]->{'%:attributes'} } |
209 | sub attribute_metaclass { $_[0]->{'$:attribute_metaclass'} } |
210 | sub method_metaclass { $_[0]->{'$:method_metaclass'} } |
2bab2be6 |
211 | sub instance_metaclass { $_[0]->{'$:instance_metaclass'} } |
7b31baf4 |
212 | |
c9e77dbb |
213 | # Instance Construction & Cloning |
214 | |
5f3c057a |
215 | sub new_object { |
216 | my $class = shift; |
651955fb |
217 | # NOTE: |
218 | # we need to protect the integrity of the |
219 | # Class::MOP::Class singletons here, so we |
220 | # delegate this to &construct_class_instance |
221 | # which will deal with the singletons |
222 | return $class->construct_class_instance(@_) |
223 | if $class->name->isa('Class::MOP::Class'); |
24869f62 |
224 | return $class->construct_instance(@_); |
5f3c057a |
225 | } |
e16da3e6 |
226 | |
227 | sub construct_instance { |
cbd9f942 |
228 | my ($class, %params) = @_; |
0e76a376 |
229 | my $meta_instance = $class->get_meta_instance(); |
230 | my $instance = $meta_instance->create_instance(); |
c9e77dbb |
231 | foreach my $attr ($class->compute_all_applicable_attributes()) { |
f892c0f0 |
232 | $attr->initialize_instance_slot($meta_instance, $instance, \%params); |
cbd9f942 |
233 | } |
2d711cc8 |
234 | return $instance; |
235 | } |
236 | |
237 | sub get_meta_instance { |
238 | my $class = shift; |
052c2a1a |
239 | return $class->instance_metaclass->new( |
240 | $class, |
241 | $class->compute_all_applicable_attributes() |
242 | ); |
e16da3e6 |
243 | } |
244 | |
5f3c057a |
245 | sub clone_object { |
246 | my $class = shift; |
7b31baf4 |
247 | my $instance = shift; |
651955fb |
248 | (blessed($instance) && $instance->isa($class->name)) |
249 | || confess "You must pass an instance ($instance) of the metaclass (" . $class->name . ")"; |
250 | # NOTE: |
251 | # we need to protect the integrity of the |
252 | # Class::MOP::Class singletons here, they |
a740253a |
253 | # should not be cloned. |
651955fb |
254 | return $instance if $instance->isa('Class::MOP::Class'); |
f7259199 |
255 | $class->clone_instance($instance, @_); |
5f3c057a |
256 | } |
257 | |
c9e77dbb |
258 | sub clone_instance { |
651955fb |
259 | my ($class, $instance, %params) = @_; |
260 | (blessed($instance)) |
c9e77dbb |
261 | || confess "You can only clone instances, \$self is not a blessed instance"; |
f7259199 |
262 | my $meta_instance = $class->get_meta_instance(); |
263 | my $clone = $meta_instance->clone_instance($instance); |
11977e43 |
264 | foreach my $key (keys %params) { |
f7259199 |
265 | next unless $meta_instance->is_valid_slot($key); |
266 | $meta_instance->set_slot_value($clone, $key, $params{$key}); |
267 | } |
c9e77dbb |
268 | return $clone; |
269 | } |
270 | |
8b978dd5 |
271 | # Informational |
272 | |
7b31baf4 |
273 | # &name should be here too, but it is above |
274 | # because it gets bootstrapped away |
8b978dd5 |
275 | |
276 | sub version { |
277 | my $self = shift; |
96ceced8 |
278 | ${$self->get_package_variable('$VERSION')}; |
8b978dd5 |
279 | } |
280 | |
281 | # Inheritance |
282 | |
283 | sub superclasses { |
284 | my $self = shift; |
e7f732e4 |
285 | no strict 'refs'; |
8b978dd5 |
286 | if (@_) { |
287 | my @supers = @_; |
e7f732e4 |
288 | @{$self->name . '::ISA'} = @supers; |
d82060fe |
289 | # NOTE: |
290 | # we need to check the metaclass |
291 | # compatability here so that we can |
292 | # be sure that the superclass is |
293 | # not potentially creating an issues |
294 | # we don't know about |
295 | $self->check_metaclass_compatability(); |
8b978dd5 |
296 | } |
e7f732e4 |
297 | @{$self->name . '::ISA'}; |
8b978dd5 |
298 | } |
299 | |
300 | sub class_precedence_list { |
301 | my $self = shift; |
bfe4d0fc |
302 | # NOTE: |
303 | # We need to check for ciruclar inheirtance here. |
304 | # This will do nothing if all is well, and blow |
305 | # up otherwise. Yes, it's an ugly hack, better |
306 | # suggestions are welcome. |
93b4e576 |
307 | { ($self->name || return)->isa('This is a test for circular inheritance') } |
8c936afc |
308 | # ... and now back to our regularly scheduled program |
8b978dd5 |
309 | ( |
310 | $self->name, |
311 | map { |
f7259199 |
312 | $self->initialize($_)->class_precedence_list() |
8b978dd5 |
313 | } $self->superclasses() |
314 | ); |
315 | } |
316 | |
0882828e |
317 | ## Methods |
318 | |
319 | sub add_method { |
320 | my ($self, $method_name, $method) = @_; |
321 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
322 | || confess "You must define a method name"; |
a5eca695 |
323 | # use reftype here to allow for blessed subs ... |
ee5e71d4 |
324 | ('CODE' eq (reftype($method) || '')) |
0882828e |
325 | || confess "Your code block must be a CODE reference"; |
326 | my $full_method_name = ($self->name . '::' . $method_name); |
de19f115 |
327 | |
2d711cc8 |
328 | $method = $self->method_metaclass->wrap($method) unless blessed($method); |
329 | |
0882828e |
330 | no strict 'refs'; |
c9b8b7f9 |
331 | no warnings 'redefine'; |
22286063 |
332 | *{$full_method_name} = subname $full_method_name => $method; |
0882828e |
333 | } |
334 | |
a4258ffd |
335 | { |
2d711cc8 |
336 | my $fetch_and_prepare_method = sub { |
337 | my ($self, $method_name) = @_; |
338 | # fetch it locally |
339 | my $method = $self->get_method($method_name); |
340 | # if we dont have local ... |
341 | unless ($method) { |
195f5bf8 |
342 | # try to find the next method |
343 | $method = $self->find_next_method_by_name($method_name); |
344 | # die if it does not exist |
345 | (defined $method) |
2d711cc8 |
346 | || confess "The method '$method_name' is not found in the inherience hierarchy for this class"; |
195f5bf8 |
347 | # and now make sure to wrap it |
348 | # even if it is already wrapped |
349 | # because we need a new sub ref |
2d711cc8 |
350 | $method = Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped->wrap($method); |
195f5bf8 |
351 | } |
352 | else { |
353 | # now make sure we wrap it properly |
354 | $method = Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped->wrap($method) |
355 | unless $method->isa('Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped'); |
356 | } |
357 | $self->add_method($method_name => $method); |
2d711cc8 |
358 | return $method; |
359 | }; |
360 | |
361 | sub add_before_method_modifier { |
362 | my ($self, $method_name, $method_modifier) = @_; |
363 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
364 | || confess "You must pass in a method name"; |
365 | my $method = $fetch_and_prepare_method->($self, $method_name); |
366 | $method->add_before_modifier(subname ':before' => $method_modifier); |
367 | } |
368 | |
369 | sub add_after_method_modifier { |
370 | my ($self, $method_name, $method_modifier) = @_; |
371 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
372 | || confess "You must pass in a method name"; |
373 | my $method = $fetch_and_prepare_method->($self, $method_name); |
374 | $method->add_after_modifier(subname ':after' => $method_modifier); |
375 | } |
376 | |
377 | sub add_around_method_modifier { |
378 | my ($self, $method_name, $method_modifier) = @_; |
379 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
380 | || confess "You must pass in a method name"; |
381 | my $method = $fetch_and_prepare_method->($self, $method_name); |
382 | $method->add_around_modifier(subname ':around' => $method_modifier); |
383 | } |
a4258ffd |
384 | |
8c936afc |
385 | # NOTE: |
386 | # the methods above used to be named like this: |
387 | # ${pkg}::${method}:(before|after|around) |
388 | # but this proved problematic when using one modifier |
389 | # to wrap multiple methods (something which is likely |
390 | # to happen pretty regularly IMO). So instead of naming |
391 | # it like this, I have chosen to just name them purely |
392 | # with their modifier names, like so: |
393 | # :(before|after|around) |
394 | # The fact is that in a stack trace, it will be fairly |
395 | # evident from the context what method they are attached |
396 | # to, and so don't need the fully qualified name. |
ee5e71d4 |
397 | } |
398 | |
663f8198 |
399 | sub alias_method { |
400 | my ($self, $method_name, $method) = @_; |
401 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
402 | || confess "You must define a method name"; |
403 | # use reftype here to allow for blessed subs ... |
ee5e71d4 |
404 | ('CODE' eq (reftype($method) || '')) |
663f8198 |
405 | || confess "Your code block must be a CODE reference"; |
de19f115 |
406 | my $full_method_name = ($self->name . '::' . $method_name); |
407 | |
2d711cc8 |
408 | $method = $self->method_metaclass->wrap($method) unless blessed($method); |
663f8198 |
409 | |
410 | no strict 'refs'; |
411 | no warnings 'redefine'; |
412 | *{$full_method_name} = $method; |
413 | } |
414 | |
de19f115 |
415 | sub has_method { |
416 | my ($self, $method_name) = @_; |
417 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
418 | || confess "You must define a method name"; |
bfe4d0fc |
419 | |
de19f115 |
420 | my $sub_name = ($self->name . '::' . $method_name); |
0882828e |
421 | |
de19f115 |
422 | no strict 'refs'; |
423 | return 0 if !defined(&{$sub_name}); |
2d711cc8 |
424 | my $method = \&{$sub_name}; |
96ceced8 |
425 | return 0 if (svref_2object($method)->GV->STASH->NAME || '') ne $self->name && |
2d711cc8 |
426 | (svref_2object($method)->GV->NAME || '') ne '__ANON__'; |
427 | |
428 | # at this point we are relatively sure |
429 | # it is our method, so we bless/wrap it |
430 | $self->method_metaclass->wrap($method) unless blessed($method); |
de19f115 |
431 | return 1; |
0882828e |
432 | } |
433 | |
434 | sub get_method { |
c9b8b7f9 |
435 | my ($self, $method_name) = @_; |
0882828e |
436 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
437 | || confess "You must define a method name"; |
438 | |
2d711cc8 |
439 | return unless $self->has_method($method_name); |
de19f115 |
440 | |
0882828e |
441 | no strict 'refs'; |
de19f115 |
442 | return \&{$self->name . '::' . $method_name}; |
c9b8b7f9 |
443 | } |
444 | |
445 | sub remove_method { |
446 | my ($self, $method_name) = @_; |
447 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
448 | || confess "You must define a method name"; |
449 | |
450 | my $removed_method = $self->get_method($method_name); |
451 | |
452 | no strict 'refs'; |
453 | delete ${$self->name . '::'}{$method_name} |
454 | if defined $removed_method; |
455 | |
456 | return $removed_method; |
457 | } |
458 | |
459 | sub get_method_list { |
460 | my $self = shift; |
461 | no strict 'refs'; |
84e3c630 |
462 | grep { $self->has_method($_) } keys %{$self->name . '::'}; |
a5eca695 |
463 | } |
464 | |
465 | sub compute_all_applicable_methods { |
466 | my $self = shift; |
467 | my @methods; |
468 | # keep a record of what we have seen |
469 | # here, this will handle all the |
470 | # inheritence issues because we are |
471 | # using the &class_precedence_list |
472 | my (%seen_class, %seen_method); |
473 | foreach my $class ($self->class_precedence_list()) { |
474 | next if $seen_class{$class}; |
475 | $seen_class{$class}++; |
476 | # fetch the meta-class ... |
477 | my $meta = $self->initialize($class); |
478 | foreach my $method_name ($meta->get_method_list()) { |
479 | next if exists $seen_method{$method_name}; |
480 | $seen_method{$method_name}++; |
481 | push @methods => { |
482 | name => $method_name, |
483 | class => $class, |
484 | code => $meta->get_method($method_name) |
485 | }; |
486 | } |
487 | } |
488 | return @methods; |
489 | } |
490 | |
a5eca695 |
491 | sub find_all_methods_by_name { |
492 | my ($self, $method_name) = @_; |
493 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
494 | || confess "You must define a method name to find"; |
495 | my @methods; |
496 | # keep a record of what we have seen |
497 | # here, this will handle all the |
498 | # inheritence issues because we are |
499 | # using the &class_precedence_list |
500 | my %seen_class; |
501 | foreach my $class ($self->class_precedence_list()) { |
502 | next if $seen_class{$class}; |
503 | $seen_class{$class}++; |
504 | # fetch the meta-class ... |
96ceced8 |
505 | my $meta = $self->initialize($class); |
a5eca695 |
506 | push @methods => { |
507 | name => $method_name, |
508 | class => $class, |
509 | code => $meta->get_method($method_name) |
510 | } if $meta->has_method($method_name); |
511 | } |
512 | return @methods; |
8b978dd5 |
513 | } |
514 | |
96ceced8 |
515 | sub find_next_method_by_name { |
516 | my ($self, $method_name) = @_; |
517 | (defined $method_name && $method_name) |
2d711cc8 |
518 | || confess "You must define a method name to find"; |
96ceced8 |
519 | # keep a record of what we have seen |
520 | # here, this will handle all the |
521 | # inheritence issues because we are |
522 | # using the &class_precedence_list |
523 | my %seen_class; |
2d711cc8 |
524 | my @cpl = $self->class_precedence_list(); |
525 | shift @cpl; # discard ourselves |
96ceced8 |
526 | foreach my $class (@cpl) { |
527 | next if $seen_class{$class}; |
528 | $seen_class{$class}++; |
529 | # fetch the meta-class ... |
530 | my $meta = $self->initialize($class); |
2d711cc8 |
531 | return $meta->get_method($method_name) |
532 | if $meta->has_method($method_name); |
96ceced8 |
533 | } |
2d711cc8 |
534 | return; |
96ceced8 |
535 | } |
536 | |
552e3d24 |
537 | ## Attributes |
538 | |
e16da3e6 |
539 | sub add_attribute { |
2e41896e |
540 | my $self = shift; |
541 | # either we have an attribute object already |
542 | # or we need to create one from the args provided |
543 | my $attribute = blessed($_[0]) ? $_[0] : $self->attribute_metaclass->new(@_); |
544 | # make sure it is derived from the correct type though |
545 | ($attribute->isa('Class::MOP::Attribute')) |
546 | || confess "Your attribute must be an instance of Class::MOP::Attribute (or a subclass)"; |
9ec169fe |
547 | $attribute->attach_to_class($self); |
2d711cc8 |
548 | $attribute->install_accessors(); |
291073fc |
549 | $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute->name} = $attribute; |
9a1b7913 |
550 | |
551 | # FIXME |
552 | # in theory we have to tell everyone the slot structure may have changed |
e16da3e6 |
553 | } |
554 | |
555 | sub has_attribute { |
556 | my ($self, $attribute_name) = @_; |
557 | (defined $attribute_name && $attribute_name) |
558 | || confess "You must define an attribute name"; |
291073fc |
559 | exists $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute_name} ? 1 : 0; |
e16da3e6 |
560 | } |
561 | |
562 | sub get_attribute { |
563 | my ($self, $attribute_name) = @_; |
564 | (defined $attribute_name && $attribute_name) |
565 | || confess "You must define an attribute name"; |
f7259199 |
566 | return $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute_name} |
567 | if $self->has_attribute($attribute_name); |
22286063 |
568 | return; |
e16da3e6 |
569 | } |
570 | |
571 | sub remove_attribute { |
572 | my ($self, $attribute_name) = @_; |
573 | (defined $attribute_name && $attribute_name) |
574 | || confess "You must define an attribute name"; |
7b31baf4 |
575 | my $removed_attribute = $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute_name}; |
22286063 |
576 | return unless defined $removed_attribute; |
577 | delete $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute_name}; |
2d711cc8 |
578 | $removed_attribute->remove_accessors(); |
2d711cc8 |
579 | $removed_attribute->detach_from_class(); |
e16da3e6 |
580 | return $removed_attribute; |
581 | } |
582 | |
583 | sub get_attribute_list { |
584 | my $self = shift; |
f7259199 |
585 | keys %{$self->get_attribute_map}; |
e16da3e6 |
586 | } |
587 | |
588 | sub compute_all_applicable_attributes { |
589 | my $self = shift; |
590 | my @attrs; |
591 | # keep a record of what we have seen |
592 | # here, this will handle all the |
593 | # inheritence issues because we are |
594 | # using the &class_precedence_list |
595 | my (%seen_class, %seen_attr); |
596 | foreach my $class ($self->class_precedence_list()) { |
597 | next if $seen_class{$class}; |
598 | $seen_class{$class}++; |
599 | # fetch the meta-class ... |
f7259199 |
600 | my $meta = $self->initialize($class); |
e16da3e6 |
601 | foreach my $attr_name ($meta->get_attribute_list()) { |
602 | next if exists $seen_attr{$attr_name}; |
603 | $seen_attr{$attr_name}++; |
c9e77dbb |
604 | push @attrs => $meta->get_attribute($attr_name); |
e16da3e6 |
605 | } |
606 | } |
607 | return @attrs; |
608 | } |
2eb717d5 |
609 | |
058c1cf5 |
610 | sub find_attribute_by_name { |
611 | my ($self, $attr_name) = @_; |
612 | # keep a record of what we have seen |
613 | # here, this will handle all the |
614 | # inheritence issues because we are |
615 | # using the &class_precedence_list |
616 | my %seen_class; |
617 | foreach my $class ($self->class_precedence_list()) { |
618 | next if $seen_class{$class}; |
619 | $seen_class{$class}++; |
620 | # fetch the meta-class ... |
621 | my $meta = $self->initialize($class); |
622 | return $meta->get_attribute($attr_name) |
623 | if $meta->has_attribute($attr_name); |
624 | } |
625 | return; |
626 | } |
627 | |
52e8a34c |
628 | # Class attributes |
629 | |
630 | sub add_package_variable { |
631 | my ($self, $variable, $initial_value) = @_; |
632 | (defined $variable && $variable =~ /^[\$\@\%]/) |
633 | || confess "variable name does not have a sigil"; |
634 | |
635 | my ($sigil, $name) = ($variable =~ /^(.)(.*)$/); |
636 | if (defined $initial_value) { |
637 | no strict 'refs'; |
638 | *{$self->name . '::' . $name} = $initial_value; |
639 | } |
640 | else { |
39ec4f0c |
641 | my $e; |
642 | { |
643 | # NOTE: |
644 | # We HAVE to localize $@ or all |
645 | # hell breaks loose. It is not |
646 | # good, believe me, not good. |
647 | local $@; |
648 | eval $sigil . $self->name . '::' . $name; |
649 | $e = $@ if $@; |
650 | } |
651 | confess "Could not create package variable ($variable) because : $e" if $e; |
52e8a34c |
652 | } |
653 | } |
654 | |
655 | sub has_package_variable { |
656 | my ($self, $variable) = @_; |
657 | (defined $variable && $variable =~ /^[\$\@\%]/) |
658 | || confess "variable name does not have a sigil"; |
659 | my ($sigil, $name) = ($variable =~ /^(.)(.*)$/); |
660 | no strict 'refs'; |
661 | defined ${$self->name . '::'}{$name} ? 1 : 0; |
662 | } |
663 | |
664 | sub get_package_variable { |
665 | my ($self, $variable) = @_; |
666 | (defined $variable && $variable =~ /^[\$\@\%]/) |
667 | || confess "variable name does not have a sigil"; |
668 | my ($sigil, $name) = ($variable =~ /^(.)(.*)$/); |
39ec4f0c |
669 | my ($ref, $e); |
670 | { |
671 | # NOTE: |
672 | # We HAVE to localize $@ or all |
673 | # hell breaks loose. It is not |
674 | # good, believe me, not good. |
675 | local $@; |
676 | $ref = eval '\\' . $sigil . $self->name . '::' . $name; |
677 | $e = $@ if $@; |
678 | } |
679 | confess "Could not get the package variable ($variable) because : $e" if $e; |
52e8a34c |
680 | # if we didn't die, then we can return it |
2d711cc8 |
681 | return $ref; |
52e8a34c |
682 | } |
683 | |
684 | sub remove_package_variable { |
685 | my ($self, $variable) = @_; |
686 | (defined $variable && $variable =~ /^[\$\@\%]/) |
687 | || confess "variable name does not have a sigil"; |
688 | my ($sigil, $name) = ($variable =~ /^(.)(.*)$/); |
689 | no strict 'refs'; |
690 | delete ${$self->name . '::'}{$name}; |
691 | } |
692 | |
857f87a7 |
693 | ## Class closing |
694 | |
695 | sub is_mutable { 1 } |
696 | sub is_immutable { 0 } |
697 | |
698 | sub make_immutable { |
699 | my ($class) = @_; |
700 | return Class::MOP::Class::Immutable->make_metaclass_immutable($class); |
701 | } |
702 | |
8b978dd5 |
703 | 1; |
704 | |
705 | __END__ |
706 | |
707 | =pod |
708 | |
709 | =head1 NAME |
710 | |
711 | Class::MOP::Class - Class Meta Object |
712 | |
713 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
714 | |
8c936afc |
715 | # assuming that class Foo |
716 | # has been defined, you can |
717 | |
fe122940 |
718 | # use this for introspection ... |
719 | |
fe122940 |
720 | # add a method to Foo ... |
721 | Foo->meta->add_method('bar' => sub { ... }) |
722 | |
723 | # get a list of all the classes searched |
724 | # the method dispatcher in the correct order |
725 | Foo->meta->class_precedence_list() |
726 | |
727 | # remove a method from Foo |
728 | Foo->meta->remove_method('bar'); |
729 | |
730 | # or use this to actually create classes ... |
731 | |
732 | Class::MOP::Class->create('Bar' => '0.01' => ( |
733 | superclasses => [ 'Foo' ], |
734 | attributes => [ |
735 | Class::MOP:::Attribute->new('$bar'), |
736 | Class::MOP:::Attribute->new('$baz'), |
737 | ], |
738 | methods => { |
739 | calculate_bar => sub { ... }, |
740 | construct_baz => sub { ... } |
741 | } |
742 | )); |
743 | |
8b978dd5 |
744 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
745 | |
fe122940 |
746 | This is the largest and currently most complex part of the Perl 5 |
747 | meta-object protocol. It controls the introspection and |
748 | manipulation of Perl 5 classes (and it can create them too). The |
749 | best way to understand what this module can do, is to read the |
750 | documentation for each of it's methods. |
751 | |
552e3d24 |
752 | =head1 METHODS |
753 | |
2eb717d5 |
754 | =head2 Self Introspection |
755 | |
756 | =over 4 |
757 | |
758 | =item B<meta> |
759 | |
fe122940 |
760 | This will return a B<Class::MOP::Class> instance which is related |
761 | to this class. Thereby allowing B<Class::MOP::Class> to actually |
762 | introspect itself. |
763 | |
764 | As with B<Class::MOP::Attribute>, B<Class::MOP> will actually |
765 | bootstrap this module by installing a number of attribute meta-objects |
766 | into it's metaclass. This will allow this class to reap all the benifits |
767 | of the MOP when subclassing it. |
2eb717d5 |
768 | |
587aca23 |
769 | =item B<get_all_metaclasses> |
770 | |
771 | This will return an hash of all the metaclass instances that have |
772 | been cached by B<Class::MOP::Class> keyed by the package name. |
773 | |
774 | =item B<get_all_metaclass_instances> |
775 | |
776 | This will return an array of all the metaclass instances that have |
777 | been cached by B<Class::MOP::Class>. |
778 | |
779 | =item B<get_all_metaclass_names> |
780 | |
781 | This will return an array of all the metaclass names that have |
782 | been cached by B<Class::MOP::Class>. |
783 | |
2eb717d5 |
784 | =back |
785 | |
552e3d24 |
786 | =head2 Class construction |
787 | |
a2e85e6c |
788 | These methods will handle creating B<Class::MOP::Class> objects, |
789 | which can be used to both create new classes, and analyze |
790 | pre-existing classes. |
552e3d24 |
791 | |
792 | This module will internally store references to all the instances |
793 | you create with these methods, so that they do not need to be |
794 | created any more than nessecary. Basically, they are singletons. |
795 | |
796 | =over 4 |
797 | |
798 | =item B<create ($package_name, ?$package_version, |
a2e85e6c |
799 | superclasses =E<gt> ?@superclasses, |
800 | methods =E<gt> ?%methods, |
801 | attributes =E<gt> ?%attributes)> |
552e3d24 |
802 | |
a2e85e6c |
803 | This returns a B<Class::MOP::Class> object, bringing the specified |
552e3d24 |
804 | C<$package_name> into existence and adding any of the |
805 | C<$package_version>, C<@superclasses>, C<%methods> and C<%attributes> |
806 | to it. |
807 | |
587aca23 |
808 | =item B<create_anon_class (superclasses =E<gt> ?@superclasses, |
809 | methods =E<gt> ?%methods, |
810 | attributes =E<gt> ?%attributes)> |
811 | |
812 | This will create an anonymous class, it works much like C<create> but |
813 | it does not need a C<$package_name>. Instead it will create a suitably |
814 | unique package name for you to stash things into. |
815 | |
66b3dded |
816 | =item B<initialize ($package_name, %options)> |
552e3d24 |
817 | |
a2e85e6c |
818 | This initializes and returns returns a B<Class::MOP::Class> object |
819 | for a given a C<$package_name>. |
820 | |
66b3dded |
821 | =item B<reinitialize ($package_name, %options)> |
822 | |
823 | This removes the old metaclass, and creates a new one in it's place. |
824 | Do B<not> use this unless you really know what you are doing, it could |
825 | very easily make a very large mess of your program. |
826 | |
651955fb |
827 | =item B<construct_class_instance (%options)> |
a2e85e6c |
828 | |
829 | This will construct an instance of B<Class::MOP::Class>, it is |
830 | here so that we can actually "tie the knot" for B<Class::MOP::Class> |
831 | to use C<construct_instance> once all the bootstrapping is done. This |
832 | method is used internally by C<initialize> and should never be called |
833 | from outside of that method really. |
552e3d24 |
834 | |
550d56db |
835 | =item B<check_metaclass_compatability> |
836 | |
837 | This method is called as the very last thing in the |
838 | C<construct_class_instance> method. This will check that the |
839 | metaclass you are creating is compatible with the metaclasses of all |
840 | your ancestors. For more inforamtion about metaclass compatibility |
841 | see the C<About Metaclass compatibility> section in L<Class::MOP>. |
842 | |
552e3d24 |
843 | =back |
844 | |
c9e77dbb |
845 | =head2 Object instance construction and cloning |
a2e85e6c |
846 | |
c9e77dbb |
847 | These methods are B<entirely optional>, it is up to you whether you want |
848 | to use them or not. |
552e3d24 |
849 | |
850 | =over 4 |
851 | |
2bab2be6 |
852 | =item B<instance_metaclass> |
853 | |
2d711cc8 |
854 | =item B<get_meta_instance> |
855 | |
5f3c057a |
856 | =item B<new_object (%params)> |
857 | |
858 | This is a convience method for creating a new object of the class, and |
859 | blessing it into the appropriate package as well. Ideally your class |
860 | would call a C<new> this method like so: |
861 | |
862 | sub MyClass::new { |
863 | my ($class, %param) = @_; |
864 | $class->meta->new_object(%params); |
865 | } |
866 | |
867 | Of course the ideal place for this would actually be in C<UNIVERSAL::> |
868 | but that is considered bad style, so we do not do that. |
869 | |
cbd9f942 |
870 | =item B<construct_instance (%params)> |
552e3d24 |
871 | |
c9e77dbb |
872 | This method is used to construct an instace structure suitable for |
873 | C<bless>-ing into your package of choice. It works in conjunction |
874 | with the Attribute protocol to collect all applicable attributes. |
875 | |
cbd9f942 |
876 | This will construct and instance using a HASH ref as storage |
552e3d24 |
877 | (currently only HASH references are supported). This will collect all |
a2e85e6c |
878 | the applicable attributes and layout out the fields in the HASH ref, |
879 | it will then initialize them using either use the corresponding key |
880 | in C<%params> or any default value or initializer found in the |
881 | attribute meta-object. |
727919c5 |
882 | |
5f3c057a |
883 | =item B<clone_object ($instance, %params)> |
884 | |
885 | This is a convience method for cloning an object instance, then |
19d4b5b8 |
886 | blessing it into the appropriate package. This method will call |
887 | C<clone_instance>, which performs a shallow copy of the object, |
888 | see that methods documentation for more details. Ideally your |
889 | class would call a C<clone> this method like so: |
5f3c057a |
890 | |
891 | sub MyClass::clone { |
892 | my ($self, %param) = @_; |
893 | $self->meta->clone_object($self, %params); |
894 | } |
895 | |
896 | Of course the ideal place for this would actually be in C<UNIVERSAL::> |
897 | but that is considered bad style, so we do not do that. |
898 | |
c9e77dbb |
899 | =item B<clone_instance($instance, %params)> |
900 | |
901 | This method is a compliment of C<construct_instance> (which means if |
19d4b5b8 |
902 | you override C<construct_instance>, you need to override this one too), |
903 | and clones the instance shallowly. |
a27ae83f |
904 | |
905 | The cloned structure returned is (like with C<construct_instance>) an |
906 | unC<bless>ed HASH reference, it is your responsibility to then bless |
907 | this cloned structure into the right class (which C<clone_object> will |
908 | do for you). |
c9e77dbb |
909 | |
19d4b5b8 |
910 | As of 0.11, this method will clone the C<$instance> structure shallowly, |
911 | as opposed to the deep cloning implemented in prior versions. After much |
912 | thought, research and discussion, I have decided that anything but basic |
913 | shallow cloning is outside the scope of the meta-object protocol. I |
914 | think Yuval "nothingmuch" Kogman put it best when he said that cloning |
915 | is too I<context-specific> to be part of the MOP. |
916 | |
552e3d24 |
917 | =back |
918 | |
919 | =head2 Informational |
920 | |
921 | =over 4 |
922 | |
923 | =item B<name> |
924 | |
a2e85e6c |
925 | This is a read-only attribute which returns the package name for the |
926 | given B<Class::MOP::Class> instance. |
552e3d24 |
927 | |
928 | =item B<version> |
929 | |
930 | This is a read-only attribute which returns the C<$VERSION> of the |
a2e85e6c |
931 | package for the given B<Class::MOP::Class> instance. |
552e3d24 |
932 | |
933 | =back |
934 | |
935 | =head2 Inheritance Relationships |
936 | |
937 | =over 4 |
938 | |
939 | =item B<superclasses (?@superclasses)> |
940 | |
941 | This is a read-write attribute which represents the superclass |
a2e85e6c |
942 | relationships of the class the B<Class::MOP::Class> instance is |
943 | associated with. Basically, it can get and set the C<@ISA> for you. |
552e3d24 |
944 | |
343203ee |
945 | B<NOTE:> |
946 | Perl will occasionally perform some C<@ISA> and method caching, if |
947 | you decide to change your superclass relationship at runtime (which |
948 | is quite insane and very much not recommened), then you should be |
949 | aware of this and the fact that this module does not make any |
950 | attempt to address this issue. |
951 | |
552e3d24 |
952 | =item B<class_precedence_list> |
953 | |
a2e85e6c |
954 | This computes the a list of all the class's ancestors in the same order |
955 | in which method dispatch will be done. This is similair to |
956 | what B<Class::ISA::super_path> does, but we don't remove duplicate names. |
552e3d24 |
957 | |
958 | =back |
959 | |
960 | =head2 Methods |
961 | |
962 | =over 4 |
963 | |
2e41896e |
964 | =item B<method_metaclass> |
965 | |
552e3d24 |
966 | =item B<add_method ($method_name, $method)> |
967 | |
968 | This will take a C<$method_name> and CODE reference to that |
a2e85e6c |
969 | C<$method> and install it into the class's package. |
552e3d24 |
970 | |
a2e85e6c |
971 | B<NOTE>: |
972 | This does absolutely nothing special to C<$method> |
552e3d24 |
973 | other than use B<Sub::Name> to make sure it is tagged with the |
974 | correct name, and therefore show up correctly in stack traces and |
975 | such. |
976 | |
663f8198 |
977 | =item B<alias_method ($method_name, $method)> |
978 | |
979 | This will take a C<$method_name> and CODE reference to that |
980 | C<$method> and alias the method into the class's package. |
981 | |
982 | B<NOTE>: |
983 | Unlike C<add_method>, this will B<not> try to name the |
984 | C<$method> using B<Sub::Name>, it only aliases the method in |
985 | the class's package. |
986 | |
552e3d24 |
987 | =item B<has_method ($method_name)> |
988 | |
a2e85e6c |
989 | This just provides a simple way to check if the class implements |
552e3d24 |
990 | a specific C<$method_name>. It will I<not> however, attempt to check |
a2e85e6c |
991 | if the class inherits the method (use C<UNIVERSAL::can> for that). |
552e3d24 |
992 | |
993 | This will correctly handle functions defined outside of the package |
994 | that use a fully qualified name (C<sub Package::name { ... }>). |
995 | |
996 | This will correctly handle functions renamed with B<Sub::Name> and |
997 | installed using the symbol tables. However, if you are naming the |
998 | subroutine outside of the package scope, you must use the fully |
999 | qualified name, including the package name, for C<has_method> to |
1000 | correctly identify it. |
1001 | |
1002 | This will attempt to correctly ignore functions imported from other |
1003 | packages using B<Exporter>. It breaks down if the function imported |
1004 | is an C<__ANON__> sub (such as with C<use constant>), which very well |
1005 | may be a valid method being applied to the class. |
1006 | |
1007 | In short, this method cannot always be trusted to determine if the |
1008 | C<$method_name> is actually a method. However, it will DWIM about |
a2e85e6c |
1009 | 90% of the time, so it's a small trade off I think. |
552e3d24 |
1010 | |
1011 | =item B<get_method ($method_name)> |
1012 | |
1013 | This will return a CODE reference of the specified C<$method_name>, |
1014 | or return undef if that method does not exist. |
1015 | |
1016 | =item B<remove_method ($method_name)> |
1017 | |
a2e85e6c |
1018 | This will attempt to remove a given C<$method_name> from the class. |
552e3d24 |
1019 | It will return the CODE reference that it has removed, and will |
1020 | attempt to use B<Sub::Name> to clear the methods associated name. |
1021 | |
1022 | =item B<get_method_list> |
1023 | |
1024 | This will return a list of method names for all I<locally> defined |
1025 | methods. It does B<not> provide a list of all applicable methods, |
1026 | including any inherited ones. If you want a list of all applicable |
1027 | methods, use the C<compute_all_applicable_methods> method. |
1028 | |
1029 | =item B<compute_all_applicable_methods> |
1030 | |
a2e85e6c |
1031 | This will return a list of all the methods names this class will |
1032 | respond to, taking into account inheritance. The list will be a list of |
552e3d24 |
1033 | HASH references, each one containing the following information; method |
1034 | name, the name of the class in which the method lives and a CODE |
1035 | reference for the actual method. |
1036 | |
1037 | =item B<find_all_methods_by_name ($method_name)> |
1038 | |
1039 | This will traverse the inheritence hierarchy and locate all methods |
1040 | with a given C<$method_name>. Similar to |
1041 | C<compute_all_applicable_methods> it returns a list of HASH references |
1042 | with the following information; method name (which will always be the |
1043 | same as C<$method_name>), the name of the class in which the method |
1044 | lives and a CODE reference for the actual method. |
1045 | |
1046 | The list of methods produced is a distinct list, meaning there are no |
1047 | duplicates in it. This is especially useful for things like object |
1048 | initialization and destruction where you only want the method called |
1049 | once, and in the correct order. |
1050 | |
96ceced8 |
1051 | =item B<find_next_method_by_name ($method_name)> |
1052 | |
1053 | This will return the first method to match a given C<$method_name> in |
1054 | the superclasses, this is basically equivalent to calling |
1055 | C<SUPER::$method_name>, but it can be dispatched at runtime. |
1056 | |
552e3d24 |
1057 | =back |
1058 | |
a4258ffd |
1059 | =head2 Method Modifiers |
1060 | |
96ceced8 |
1061 | Method modifiers are a concept borrowed from CLOS, in which a method |
1062 | can be wrapped with I<before>, I<after> and I<around> method modifiers |
1063 | that will be called everytime the method is called. |
1064 | |
1065 | =head3 How method modifiers work? |
1066 | |
1067 | Method modifiers work by wrapping the original method and then replacing |
1068 | it in the classes symbol table. The wrappers will handle calling all the |
1069 | modifiers in the appropariate orders and preserving the calling context |
1070 | for the original method. |
1071 | |
1072 | Each method modifier serves a particular purpose, which may not be |
1073 | obvious to users of other method wrapping modules. To start with, the |
1074 | return values of I<before> and I<after> modifiers are ignored. This is |
1075 | because thier purpose is B<not> to filter the input and output of the |
1076 | primary method (this is done with an I<around> modifier). This may seem |
1077 | like an odd restriction to some, but doing this allows for simple code |
1078 | to be added at the begining or end of a method call without jeapordizing |
1079 | the normal functioning of the primary method or placing any extra |
1080 | responsibility on the code of the modifier. Of course if you have more |
1081 | complex needs, then use the I<around> modifier, which uses a variation |
1082 | of continutation passing style to allow for a high degree of flexibility. |
1083 | |
1084 | Before and around modifiers are called in last-defined-first-called order, |
1085 | while after modifiers are called in first-defined-first-called order. So |
1086 | the call tree might looks something like this: |
1087 | |
1088 | before 2 |
1089 | before 1 |
1090 | around 2 |
1091 | around 1 |
1092 | primary |
1093 | after 1 |
1094 | after 2 |
1095 | |
1096 | To see examples of using method modifiers, see the following examples |
1097 | included in the distribution; F<InstanceCountingClass>, F<Perl6Attribute>, |
1098 | F<AttributesWithHistory> and F<C3MethodDispatchOrder>. There is also a |
1099 | classic CLOS usage example in the test F<017_add_method_modifier.t>. |
1100 | |
1101 | =head3 What is the performance impact? |
1102 | |
1103 | Of course there is a performance cost associated with method modifiers, |
1104 | but we have made every effort to make that cost be directly proportional |
1105 | to the amount of modifier features you utilize. |
1106 | |
1107 | The wrapping method does it's best to B<only> do as much work as it |
1108 | absolutely needs to. In order to do this we have moved some of the |
1109 | performance costs to set-up time, where they are easier to amortize. |
1110 | |
1111 | All this said, my benchmarks have indicated the following: |
1112 | |
1113 | simple wrapper with no modifiers 100% slower |
1114 | simple wrapper with simple before modifier 400% slower |
1115 | simple wrapper with simple after modifier 450% slower |
1116 | simple wrapper with simple around modifier 500-550% slower |
1117 | simple wrapper with all 3 modifiers 1100% slower |
1118 | |
1119 | These numbers may seem daunting, but you must remember, every feature |
1120 | comes with some cost. To put things in perspective, just doing a simple |
1121 | C<AUTOLOAD> which does nothing but extract the name of the method called |
1122 | and return it costs about 400% over a normal method call. |
1123 | |
a4258ffd |
1124 | =over 4 |
1125 | |
1126 | =item B<add_before_method_modifier ($method_name, $code)> |
1127 | |
96ceced8 |
1128 | This will wrap the method at C<$method_name> and the supplied C<$code> |
1129 | will be passed the C<@_> arguments, and called before the original |
1130 | method is called. As specified above, the return value of the I<before> |
1131 | method modifiers is ignored, and it's ability to modify C<@_> is |
1132 | fairly limited. If you need to do either of these things, use an |
1133 | C<around> method modifier. |
1134 | |
a4258ffd |
1135 | =item B<add_after_method_modifier ($method_name, $code)> |
1136 | |
96ceced8 |
1137 | This will wrap the method at C<$method_name> so that the original |
1138 | method will be called, it's return values stashed, and then the |
1139 | supplied C<$code> will be passed the C<@_> arguments, and called. |
1140 | As specified above, the return value of the I<after> method |
1141 | modifiers is ignored, and it cannot modify the return values of |
1142 | the original method. If you need to do either of these things, use an |
1143 | C<around> method modifier. |
1144 | |
a4258ffd |
1145 | =item B<add_around_method_modifier ($method_name, $code)> |
1146 | |
96ceced8 |
1147 | This will wrap the method at C<$method_name> so that C<$code> |
1148 | will be called and passed the original method as an extra argument |
1149 | at the begining of the C<@_> argument list. This is a variation of |
1150 | continuation passing style, where the function prepended to C<@_> |
1151 | can be considered a continuation. It is up to C<$code> if it calls |
1152 | the original method or not, there is no restriction on what the |
1153 | C<$code> can or cannot do. |
1154 | |
a4258ffd |
1155 | =back |
1156 | |
552e3d24 |
1157 | =head2 Attributes |
1158 | |
1159 | It should be noted that since there is no one consistent way to define |
1160 | the attributes of a class in Perl 5. These methods can only work with |
1161 | the information given, and can not easily discover information on |
a2e85e6c |
1162 | their own. See L<Class::MOP::Attribute> for more details. |
552e3d24 |
1163 | |
1164 | =over 4 |
1165 | |
2e41896e |
1166 | =item B<attribute_metaclass> |
1167 | |
7b31baf4 |
1168 | =item B<get_attribute_map> |
1169 | |
552e3d24 |
1170 | =item B<add_attribute ($attribute_name, $attribute_meta_object)> |
1171 | |
a2e85e6c |
1172 | This stores a C<$attribute_meta_object> in the B<Class::MOP::Class> |
1173 | instance associated with the given class, and associates it with |
1174 | the C<$attribute_name>. Unlike methods, attributes within the MOP |
1175 | are stored as meta-information only. They will be used later to |
1176 | construct instances from (see C<construct_instance> above). |
552e3d24 |
1177 | More details about the attribute meta-objects can be found in the |
a2e85e6c |
1178 | L<Class::MOP::Attribute> or the L<Class::MOP/The Attribute protocol> |
1179 | section. |
1180 | |
1181 | It should be noted that any accessor, reader/writer or predicate |
1182 | methods which the C<$attribute_meta_object> has will be installed |
1183 | into the class at this time. |
552e3d24 |
1184 | |
1185 | =item B<has_attribute ($attribute_name)> |
1186 | |
a2e85e6c |
1187 | Checks to see if this class has an attribute by the name of |
552e3d24 |
1188 | C<$attribute_name> and returns a boolean. |
1189 | |
1190 | =item B<get_attribute ($attribute_name)> |
1191 | |
1192 | Returns the attribute meta-object associated with C<$attribute_name>, |
1193 | if none is found, it will return undef. |
1194 | |
1195 | =item B<remove_attribute ($attribute_name)> |
1196 | |
1197 | This will remove the attribute meta-object stored at |
1198 | C<$attribute_name>, then return the removed attribute meta-object. |
1199 | |
a2e85e6c |
1200 | B<NOTE:> |
1201 | Removing an attribute will only affect future instances of |
552e3d24 |
1202 | the class, it will not make any attempt to remove the attribute from |
1203 | any existing instances of the class. |
1204 | |
a2e85e6c |
1205 | It should be noted that any accessor, reader/writer or predicate |
1206 | methods which the attribute meta-object stored at C<$attribute_name> |
1207 | has will be removed from the class at this time. This B<will> make |
1208 | these attributes somewhat inaccessable in previously created |
1209 | instances. But if you are crazy enough to do this at runtime, then |
1210 | you are crazy enough to deal with something like this :). |
1211 | |
552e3d24 |
1212 | =item B<get_attribute_list> |
1213 | |
1214 | This returns a list of attribute names which are defined in the local |
1215 | class. If you want a list of all applicable attributes for a class, |
1216 | use the C<compute_all_applicable_attributes> method. |
1217 | |
1218 | =item B<compute_all_applicable_attributes> |
1219 | |
c9e77dbb |
1220 | This will traverse the inheritance heirachy and return a list of all |
1221 | the applicable attributes for this class. It does not construct a |
1222 | HASH reference like C<compute_all_applicable_methods> because all |
1223 | that same information is discoverable through the attribute |
1224 | meta-object itself. |
552e3d24 |
1225 | |
058c1cf5 |
1226 | =item B<find_attribute_by_name ($attr_name)> |
1227 | |
1228 | This method will traverse the inheritance heirachy and find the |
1229 | first attribute whose name matches C<$attr_name>, then return it. |
1230 | It will return undef if nothing is found. |
1231 | |
552e3d24 |
1232 | =back |
1233 | |
52e8a34c |
1234 | =head2 Package Variables |
1235 | |
1236 | Since Perl's classes are built atop the Perl package system, it is |
1237 | fairly common to use package scoped variables for things like static |
1238 | class variables. The following methods are convience methods for |
1239 | the creation and inspection of package scoped variables. |
1240 | |
1241 | =over 4 |
1242 | |
1243 | =item B<add_package_variable ($variable_name, ?$initial_value)> |
1244 | |
1245 | Given a C<$variable_name>, which must contain a leading sigil, this |
1246 | method will create that variable within the package which houses the |
1247 | class. It also takes an optional C<$initial_value>, which must be a |
1248 | reference of the same type as the sigil of the C<$variable_name> |
1249 | implies. |
1250 | |
1251 | =item B<get_package_variable ($variable_name)> |
1252 | |
1253 | This will return a reference to the package variable in |
1254 | C<$variable_name>. |
1255 | |
1256 | =item B<has_package_variable ($variable_name)> |
1257 | |
1258 | Returns true (C<1>) if there is a package variable defined for |
1259 | C<$variable_name>, and false (C<0>) otherwise. |
1260 | |
1261 | =item B<remove_package_variable ($variable_name)> |
1262 | |
1263 | This will attempt to remove the package variable at C<$variable_name>. |
1264 | |
1265 | =back |
1266 | |
857f87a7 |
1267 | =head2 Class closing |
1268 | |
1269 | =over 4 |
1270 | |
1271 | =item B<is_mutable> |
1272 | |
1273 | =item B<is_immutable> |
1274 | |
1275 | =item B<make_immutable> |
1276 | |
1277 | =back |
1278 | |
8b978dd5 |
1279 | =head1 AUTHOR |
1280 | |
a2e85e6c |
1281 | Stevan Little E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt> |
8b978dd5 |
1282 | |
1283 | =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE |
1284 | |
1285 | Copyright 2006 by Infinity Interactive, Inc. |
1286 | |
1287 | L<http://www.iinteractive.com> |
1288 | |
1289 | This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
1290 | it under the same terms as Perl itself. |
1291 | |
798baea5 |
1292 | =cut |