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1 | package Catalyst::View::Email; |
2 | |
3 | use warnings; |
4 | use strict; |
5 | |
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6 | use Class::C3; |
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7 | use Carp; |
8 | |
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9 | use Encode qw(encode decode); |
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10 | use Email::Send; |
11 | use Email::MIME::Creator; |
12 | |
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13 | use parent 'Catalyst::View'; |
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14 | |
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15 | our $VERSION = '0.13'; |
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16 | |
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17 | __PACKAGE__->mk_accessors(qw/ mailer /); |
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18 | |
19 | =head1 NAME |
20 | |
21 | Catalyst::View::Email - Send Email from Catalyst |
22 | |
23 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
24 | |
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25 | This module sends out emails from a stash key specified in the |
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26 | configuration settings. |
27 | |
28 | =head1 CONFIGURATION |
29 | |
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30 | WARNING: since version 0.10 the configuration options slightly changed! |
31 | |
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32 | Use the helper to create your View: |
33 | |
34 | $ script/myapp_create.pl view Email Email |
35 | |
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36 | In your app configuration: |
37 | |
38 | __PACKAGE__->config( |
39 | 'View::Email' => { |
40 | # Where to look in the stash for the email information. |
41 | # 'email' is the default, so you don't have to specify it. |
42 | stash_key => 'email', |
43 | # Define the defaults for the mail |
44 | default => { |
45 | # Defines the default content type (mime type). Mandatory |
46 | content_type => 'text/plain', |
47 | # Defines the default charset for every MIME part with the |
48 | # content type text. |
49 | # According to RFC2049 a MIME part without a charset should |
50 | # be treated as US-ASCII by the mail client. |
51 | # If the charset is not set it won't be set for all MIME parts |
52 | # without an overridden one. |
53 | # Default: none |
54 | charset => 'utf-8' |
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55 | }, |
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56 | # Setup how to send the email |
57 | # all those options are passed directly to Email::Send |
58 | sender => { |
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59 | mailer => 'SMTP', |
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60 | # mailer_args is passed directly into Email::Send |
61 | mailer_args => { |
62 | Host => 'smtp.example.com', # defaults to localhost |
63 | username => 'username', |
64 | password => 'password', |
65 | } |
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66 | } |
67 | } |
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68 | ); |
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69 | |
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70 | =head1 NOTE ON SMTP |
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71 | |
72 | If you use SMTP and don't specify Host, it will default to localhost and |
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73 | attempt delivery. This often means an email will sit in a queue and |
74 | not be delivered. |
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75 | |
76 | =cut |
77 | |
78 | __PACKAGE__->config( |
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79 | stash_key => 'email', |
80 | default => { |
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81 | content_type => 'text/plain', |
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82 | }, |
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83 | ); |
84 | |
85 | =head1 SENDING EMAIL |
86 | |
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87 | Sending email is just filling the stash and forwarding to the view: |
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88 | |
89 | sub controller : Private { |
90 | my ( $self, $c ) = @_; |
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91 | |
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92 | $c->stash->{email} = { |
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93 | to => 'jshirley@gmail.com', |
94 | cc => 'abraxxa@cpan.org', |
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95 | bcc => join ',', qw/hidden@secret.com hidden2@foobar.com/, |
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96 | from => 'no-reply@foobar.com', |
97 | subject => 'I am a Catalyst generated email', |
98 | body => 'Body Body Body', |
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99 | }; |
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100 | |
101 | $c->forward( $c->view('Email') ); |
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102 | } |
103 | |
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104 | Alternatively you can use a more raw interface and specify the headers as |
105 | an array reference like it is passed to L<Email::MIME::Creator>. |
106 | Note that you may also mix both syntaxes if you like ours better but need to |
107 | specify additional header attributes. |
108 | The attributes are appended to the header array reference without overwriting |
109 | contained ones. |
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110 | |
111 | $c->stash->{email} = { |
112 | header => [ |
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113 | To => 'jshirley@gmail.com', |
114 | Cc => 'abraxxa@cpan.org', |
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115 | Bcc => join ',', qw/hidden@secret.com hidden2@foobar.com/, |
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116 | From => 'no-reply@foobar.com', |
117 | Subject => 'Note the capitalization differences', |
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118 | ], |
119 | body => qq{Ain't got no body, and nobody cares.}, |
120 | # Or, send parts |
121 | parts => [ |
122 | Email::MIME->create( |
123 | attributes => { |
124 | content_type => 'text/plain', |
125 | disposition => 'attachment', |
126 | charset => 'US-ASCII', |
127 | }, |
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128 | body => qq{Got a body, but didn't get ahead.}, |
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129 | ) |
130 | ], |
131 | }; |
132 | |
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133 | =head1 HANDLING ERRORS |
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134 | |
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135 | If the email fails to send, the view will die (throw an exception). |
136 | After your forward to the view, it is a good idea to check for errors: |
137 | |
138 | $c->forward( $c->view('Email') ); |
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139 | |
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140 | if ( scalar( @{ $c->error } ) ) { |
141 | $c->error(0); # Reset the error condition if you need to |
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142 | $c->response->body('Oh noes!'); |
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143 | } else { |
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144 | $c->response->body('Email sent A-OK! (At least as far as we can tell)'); |
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145 | } |
146 | |
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147 | =head1 USING TEMPLATES FOR EMAIL |
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148 | |
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149 | Now, it's no fun to just send out email using plain strings. |
150 | Take a look at L<Catalyst::View::Email::Template> to see how you can use your |
151 | favourite template engine to render the mail body. |
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152 | |
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153 | =head1 METHODS |
154 | |
155 | =over 4 |
156 | |
157 | =item new |
158 | |
159 | Validates the base config and creates the L<Email::Send> object for later use |
160 | by process. |
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161 | |
162 | =cut |
163 | |
164 | sub new { |
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165 | my $self = shift->next::method(@_); |
166 | |
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167 | my $stash_key = $self->{stash_key}; |
168 | croak "$self stash_key isn't defined!" |
169 | if ($stash_key eq ''); |
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170 | |
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171 | my $sender = Email::Send->new; |
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172 | |
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173 | if ( my $mailer = $self->{sender}->{mailer} ) { |
174 | croak "$mailer is not supported, see Email::Send" |
175 | unless $sender->mailer_available($mailer); |
176 | $sender->mailer($mailer); |
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177 | } |
178 | else { |
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179 | # Default case, run through the most likely options first. |
180 | for ( qw/SMTP Sendmail Qmail/ ) { |
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181 | $sender->mailer($_) and last if $sender->mailer_available($_); |
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182 | } |
183 | } |
184 | |
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185 | if ( my $args = $self->{sender}->{mailer_args} ) { |
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186 | if ( ref $args eq 'HASH' ) { |
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187 | $sender->mailer_args([ %$args ]); |
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188 | } |
189 | elsif ( ref $args eq 'ARRAY' ) { |
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190 | $sender->mailer_args($args); |
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191 | } else { |
192 | croak "Invalid mailer_args specified, check pod for Email::Send!"; |
193 | } |
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194 | } |
195 | |
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196 | $self->mailer($sender); |
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197 | |
198 | return $self; |
199 | } |
200 | |
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201 | =item process($c) |
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202 | |
203 | The process method does the actual processing when the view is dispatched to. |
204 | |
205 | This method sets up the email parts and hands off to L<Email::Send> to handle |
206 | the actual email delivery. |
207 | |
208 | =cut |
209 | |
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210 | sub process { |
211 | my ( $self, $c ) = @_; |
212 | |
213 | croak "Unable to send mail, bad mail configuration" |
214 | unless $self->mailer; |
215 | |
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216 | my $email = $c->stash->{$self->{stash_key}}; |
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217 | croak "Can't send email without a valid email structure" |
218 | unless $email; |
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219 | |
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220 | # Default content type |
221 | if ( exists $self->{content_type} and not $email->{content_type} ) { |
222 | $email->{content_type} = $self->{content_type}; |
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223 | } |
224 | |
225 | my $header = $email->{header} || []; |
226 | push @$header, ('To' => delete $email->{to}) |
227 | if $email->{to}; |
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228 | push @$header, ('Cc' => delete $email->{cc}) |
229 | if $email->{cc}; |
230 | push @$header, ('Bcc' => delete $email->{bcc}) |
231 | if $email->{bcc}; |
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232 | push @$header, ('From' => delete $email->{from}) |
233 | if $email->{from}; |
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234 | push @$header, ('Subject' => Encode::encode('MIME-Header', delete $email->{subject})) |
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235 | if $email->{subject}; |
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236 | push @$header, ('Content-type' => $email->{content_type}) |
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237 | if $email->{content_type}; |
238 | |
239 | my $parts = $email->{parts}; |
240 | my $body = $email->{body}; |
241 | |
242 | unless ( $parts or $body ) { |
243 | croak "Can't send email without parts or body, check stash"; |
244 | } |
245 | |
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246 | my %mime = ( header => $header, attributes => {} ); |
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247 | |
248 | if ( $parts and ref $parts eq 'ARRAY' ) { |
249 | $mime{parts} = $parts; |
250 | } else { |
251 | $mime{body} = $body; |
252 | } |
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253 | |
254 | $mime{attributes}->{content_type} = $email->{content_type} |
255 | if $email->{content_type}; |
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256 | if ( $mime{attributes} and not $mime{attributes}->{charset} and |
257 | $self->{default}->{charset} ) |
258 | { |
259 | $mime{attributes}->{charset} = $self->{default}->{charset}; |
260 | } |
261 | |
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262 | my $message = $self->generate_message( $c, \%mime ); |
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263 | |
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264 | if ( $message ) { |
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265 | my $return = $self->mailer->send($message); |
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266 | # return is a Return::Value object, so this will stringify as the error |
267 | # in the case of a failure. |
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268 | croak "$return" if !$return; |
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269 | } else { |
270 | croak "Unable to create message"; |
271 | } |
272 | } |
273 | |
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274 | =item setup_attributes($c, $attr) |
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275 | |
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276 | Merge attributes with the configured defaults. You can override this method to |
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277 | return a structure to pass into L<generate_message> which subsequently |
278 | passes the return value of this method to Email::MIME->create under the |
279 | C<attributes> key. |
280 | |
281 | =cut |
282 | |
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283 | sub setup_attributes { |
284 | my ( $self, $c, $attrs ) = @_; |
285 | |
286 | my $default_content_type = $self->{default}->{content_type}; |
287 | my $default_charset = $self->{default}->{charset}; |
288 | |
289 | my $e_m_attrs = {}; |
290 | |
291 | if (exists $attrs->{content_type} && defined $attrs->{content_type} && $attrs->{content_type} ne '') { |
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292 | $c->log->debug('C::V::Email uses specified content_type ' . $attrs->{content_type} . '.') if $c->debug; |
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293 | $e_m_attrs->{content_type} = $attrs->{content_type}; |
294 | } |
295 | elsif (defined $default_content_type && $default_content_type ne '') { |
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296 | $c->log->debug("C::V::Email uses default content_type $default_content_type.") if $c->debug; |
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297 | $e_m_attrs->{content_type} = $default_content_type; |
298 | } |
299 | |
300 | if (exists $attrs->{charset} && defined $attrs->{charset} && $attrs->{charset} ne '') { |
301 | $e_m_attrs->{charset} = $attrs->{charset}; |
302 | } |
303 | elsif (defined $default_charset && $default_charset ne '') { |
304 | $e_m_attrs->{charset} = $default_charset; |
305 | } |
306 | |
307 | return $e_m_attrs; |
308 | } |
309 | |
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310 | =item generate_message($c, $attr) |
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311 | |
312 | Generate a message part, which should be an L<Email::MIME> object and return it. |
313 | |
314 | Takes the attributes, merges with the defaults as necessary and returns a |
315 | message object. |
316 | |
317 | =cut |
318 | |
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319 | sub generate_message { |
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320 | my ( $self, $c, $attr ) = @_; |
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321 | |
322 | # setup the attributes (merge with defaults) |
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323 | $attr->{attributes} = $self->setup_attributes($c, $attr->{attributes}); |
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324 | return Email::MIME->create(%$attr); |
325 | } |
326 | |
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327 | =back |
328 | |
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329 | =head1 TROUBLESHOOTING |
330 | |
331 | As with most things computer related, things break. Email even more so. |
332 | Typically any errors are going to come from using SMTP as your sending method, |
333 | which means that if you are having trouble the first place to look is at |
334 | L<Email::Send::SMTP>. This module is just a wrapper for L<Email::Send>, |
335 | so if you get an error on sending, it is likely from there anyway. |
336 | |
337 | If you are using SMTP and have troubles sending, whether it is authentication |
338 | or a very bland "Can't send" message, make sure that you have L<Net::SMTP> and, |
339 | if applicable, L<Net::SMTP::SSL> installed. |
340 | |
341 | It is very simple to check that you can connect via L<Net::SMTP>, and if you |
342 | do have sending errors the first thing to do is to write a simple script |
343 | that attempts to connect. If it works, it is probably something in your |
344 | configuration so double check there. If it doesn't, well, keep modifying |
345 | the script and/or your mail server configuration until it does! |
346 | |
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347 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
348 | |
349 | =head2 L<Catalyst::View::Email::Template> - Send fancy template emails with Cat |
350 | |
351 | =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual |
352 | |
353 | =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual::Cookbook> - The Catalyst Cookbook |
354 | |
355 | =head1 AUTHORS |
356 | |
357 | J. Shirley <jshirley@gmail.com> |
358 | |
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359 | Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org> |
360 | |
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361 | =head1 CONTRIBUTORS |
362 | |
363 | (Thanks!) |
364 | |
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365 | Matt S Trout |
366 | |
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367 | Daniel Westermann-Clark |
368 | |
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369 | Simon Elliott <cpan@browsing.co.uk> |
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370 | |
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371 | Roman Filippov |
372 | |
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373 | Lance Brown <lance@bearcircle.net> |
374 | |
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375 | =head1 LICENSE |
376 | |
377 | This library is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under |
378 | the same terms as Perl itself. |
379 | |
380 | =cut |
381 | |
382 | 1; |