Commit | Line | Data |
06675d2e |
1 | #!/usr/bin/perl |
2 | |
3 | package Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication; |
4 | |
b003080b |
5 | use base qw/Class::Accessor::Fast Class::Data::Inheritable/; |
06675d2e |
6 | |
b003080b |
7 | BEGIN { |
7bb06c91 |
8 | __PACKAGE__->mk_accessors(qw/_user/); |
96777f3a |
9 | __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_) for qw/_auth_stores _auth_store_names/; |
b003080b |
10 | } |
06675d2e |
11 | |
12 | use strict; |
13 | use warnings; |
14 | |
96777f3a |
15 | use Tie::RefHash; |
12dae309 |
16 | use Class::Inspector; |
96777f3a |
17 | |
bbf1cb39 |
18 | # this optimization breaks under Template::Toolkit |
19 | # use user_exists instead |
e145babc |
20 | #BEGIN { |
21 | # require constant; |
22 | # constant->import(have_want => eval { require Want }); |
23 | #} |
a1e5bd36 |
24 | |
a3bf437a |
25 | our $VERSION = "0.08"; |
c7c003d3 |
26 | |
06675d2e |
27 | sub set_authenticated { |
28 | my ( $c, $user ) = @_; |
29 | |
30 | $c->user($user); |
e300c5b6 |
31 | $c->request->{user} = $user; # compatibility kludge |
06675d2e |
32 | |
33 | if ( $c->isa("Catalyst::Plugin::Session") |
96777f3a |
34 | and $c->config->{authentication}{use_session} |
12dae309 |
35 | and $user->supports("session") ) |
06675d2e |
36 | { |
12dae309 |
37 | $c->save_user_in_session($user); |
06675d2e |
38 | } |
55395841 |
39 | |
4fbe2e14 |
40 | $c->NEXT::set_authenticated($user); |
06675d2e |
41 | } |
42 | |
7bb06c91 |
43 | sub user { |
e300c5b6 |
44 | my $c = shift; |
7bb06c91 |
45 | |
e300c5b6 |
46 | if (@_) { |
47 | return $c->_user(@_); |
48 | } |
7bb06c91 |
49 | |
56e23e7a |
50 | if ( defined(my $user = $c->_user) ) { |
51 | return $user; |
52 | } else { |
9deccb83 |
53 | my $frozen = $c->_user_in_session; |
56e23e7a |
54 | return $c->auth_restore_user($frozen); |
e300c5b6 |
55 | } |
7bb06c91 |
56 | } |
57 | |
ce0b058d |
58 | sub user_exists { |
59 | my $c = shift; |
9deccb83 |
60 | return defined($c->_user) || defined($c->_user_in_session); |
56e23e7a |
61 | } |
62 | |
63 | sub _user_in_session { |
64 | my $c = shift; |
65 | |
c97ddac2 |
66 | if ( $c->isa("Catalyst::Plugin::Session") and $c->session_is_valid ) { |
67 | return $c->session->{__user}; |
56e23e7a |
68 | } |
69 | |
70 | return; |
ce0b058d |
71 | } |
72 | |
12dae309 |
73 | sub save_user_in_session { |
e300c5b6 |
74 | my ( $c, $user ) = @_; |
12dae309 |
75 | |
76 | my $store = $user->store || ref $user; |
77 | $c->session->{__user_store} = $c->get_auth_store_name($store) || $store; |
78 | $c->session->{__user} = $user->for_session; |
79 | } |
80 | |
06675d2e |
81 | sub logout { |
82 | my $c = shift; |
83 | |
84 | $c->user(undef); |
b003080b |
85 | |
86 | if ( $c->isa("Catalyst::Plugin::Session") |
87 | and $c->config->{authentication}{use_session} ) |
88 | { |
96777f3a |
89 | delete @{ $c->session }{qw/__user __user_store/}; |
b003080b |
90 | } |
351e2a82 |
91 | |
92 | $c->NEXT::logout(@_); |
06675d2e |
93 | } |
94 | |
7d0922d8 |
95 | sub get_user { |
2f7d8b59 |
96 | my ( $c, $uid, @rest ) = @_; |
7d0922d8 |
97 | |
98 | if ( my $store = $c->default_auth_store ) { |
2f7d8b59 |
99 | return $store->get_user( $uid, @rest ); |
7d0922d8 |
100 | } |
101 | else { |
102 | Catalyst::Exception->throw( |
103 | "The user id $uid was passed to an authentication " |
104 | . "plugin, but no default store was specified" ); |
105 | } |
106 | } |
107 | |
7bb06c91 |
108 | sub auth_restore_user { |
e300c5b6 |
109 | my ( $c, $frozen_user, $store_name ) = @_; |
7bb06c91 |
110 | |
4fbe2e14 |
111 | return |
cde43a59 |
112 | unless $c->isa("Catalyst::Plugin::Session") |
4fbe2e14 |
113 | and $c->config->{authentication}{use_session} |
114 | and $c->sessionid; |
4402d92d |
115 | |
e300c5b6 |
116 | $store_name ||= $c->session->{__user_store}; |
117 | $frozen_user ||= $c->session->{__user}; |
7bb06c91 |
118 | |
e300c5b6 |
119 | my $store = $c->get_auth_store($store_name); |
120 | $c->_user( my $user = $store->from_session( $c, $frozen_user ) ); |
7bb06c91 |
121 | |
e300c5b6 |
122 | return $user; |
7bb06c91 |
123 | |
124 | } |
125 | |
06675d2e |
126 | sub setup { |
127 | my $c = shift; |
128 | |
712a35bf |
129 | my $cfg = $c->config->{authentication} || {}; |
06675d2e |
130 | |
131 | %$cfg = ( |
132 | use_session => 1, |
133 | %$cfg, |
134 | ); |
b003080b |
135 | |
12dae309 |
136 | $c->register_auth_stores( |
137 | default => $cfg->{store}, |
138 | %{ $cfg->{stores} || {} }, |
139 | ); |
96777f3a |
140 | |
b003080b |
141 | $c->NEXT::setup(@_); |
06675d2e |
142 | } |
143 | |
96777f3a |
144 | sub get_auth_store { |
12dae309 |
145 | my ( $self, $name ) = @_; |
146 | $self->auth_stores->{$name} || ( Class::Inspector->loaded($name) && $name ); |
96777f3a |
147 | } |
148 | |
149 | sub get_auth_store_name { |
12dae309 |
150 | my ( $self, $store ) = @_; |
151 | $self->auth_store_names->{$store}; |
96777f3a |
152 | } |
153 | |
154 | sub register_auth_stores { |
12dae309 |
155 | my ( $self, %new ) = @_; |
96777f3a |
156 | |
12dae309 |
157 | foreach my $name ( keys %new ) { |
158 | my $store = $new{$name} or next; |
159 | $self->auth_stores->{$name} = $store; |
160 | $self->auth_store_names->{$store} = $name; |
161 | } |
96777f3a |
162 | } |
163 | |
164 | sub auth_stores { |
12dae309 |
165 | my $self = shift; |
166 | $self->_auth_stores(@_) || $self->_auth_stores( {} ); |
96777f3a |
167 | } |
168 | |
169 | sub auth_store_names { |
12dae309 |
170 | my $self = shift; |
96777f3a |
171 | |
4402d92d |
172 | $self->_auth_store_names || do { |
12dae309 |
173 | tie my %hash, 'Tie::RefHash'; |
174 | $self->_auth_store_names( \%hash ); |
4fbe2e14 |
175 | } |
96777f3a |
176 | } |
177 | |
178 | sub default_auth_store { |
12dae309 |
179 | my $self = shift; |
96777f3a |
180 | |
12dae309 |
181 | if ( my $new = shift ) { |
182 | $self->register_auth_stores( default => $new ); |
183 | } |
96777f3a |
184 | |
12dae309 |
185 | $self->get_auth_store("default"); |
96777f3a |
186 | } |
187 | |
06675d2e |
188 | __PACKAGE__; |
189 | |
190 | __END__ |
191 | |
192 | =pod |
193 | |
194 | =head1 NAME |
195 | |
55395841 |
196 | Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication - Infrastructure plugin for the Catalyst |
197 | authentication framework. |
06675d2e |
198 | |
199 | =head1 SYNOPSIS |
200 | |
189b5b0c |
201 | use Catalyst qw/ |
202 | Authentication |
203 | Authentication::Store::Foo |
204 | Authentication::Credential::Password |
205 | /; |
206 | |
207 | # later on ... |
208 | # ->login is provided by the Credential::Password module |
209 | $c->login('myusername', 'mypassword'); |
210 | my $age = $c->user->age; |
211 | $c->logout; |
06675d2e |
212 | |
213 | =head1 DESCRIPTION |
214 | |
e7522758 |
215 | The authentication plugin provides generic user support. It is the basis |
216 | for both authentication (checking the user is who they claim to be), and |
217 | authorization (allowing the user to do what the system authorises them to do). |
06675d2e |
218 | |
e7522758 |
219 | Using authentication is split into two parts. A Store is used to actually |
220 | store the user information, and can store any amount of data related to |
221 | the user. Multiple stores can be accessed from within one application. |
222 | Credentials are used to verify users, using the store, given data from |
223 | the frontend. |
189b5b0c |
224 | |
6a36933d |
225 | To implement authentication in a Catalyst application you need to add this |
e7522758 |
226 | module, plus at least one store and one credential module. |
189b5b0c |
227 | |
e7522758 |
228 | Authentication data can also be stored in a session, if the application |
229 | is using the L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> module. |
06675d2e |
230 | |
4bb9b01c |
231 | =head1 INTRODUCTION |
232 | |
233 | =head2 The Authentication/Authorization Process |
234 | |
235 | Web applications typically need to identify a user - to tell the user apart |
236 | from other users. This is usually done in order to display private information |
237 | that is only that user's business, or to limit access to the application so |
238 | that only certain entities can access certain parts. |
239 | |
240 | This process is split up into several steps. First you ask the user to identify |
241 | themselves. At this point you can't be sure that the user is really who they |
242 | claim to be. |
243 | |
6a36933d |
244 | Then the user tells you who they are, and backs this claim with some piece of |
4bb9b01c |
245 | information that only the real user could give you. For example, a password is |
246 | a secret that is known to both the user and you. When the user tells you this |
247 | password you can assume they're in on the secret and can be trusted (ignore |
248 | identity theft for now). Checking the password, or any other proof is called |
249 | B<credential verification>. |
250 | |
251 | By this time you know exactly who the user is - the user's identity is |
252 | B<authenticated>. This is where this module's job stops, and other plugins step |
253 | in. The next logical step is B<authorization>, the process of deciding what a |
254 | user is (or isn't) allowed to do. For example, say your users are split into |
255 | two main groups - regular users and administrators. You should verify that the |
256 | currently logged in user is indeed an administrator before performing the |
6a36933d |
257 | actions of an administrative part of your application. One way to do this is |
4bb9b01c |
258 | with role based access control. |
259 | |
260 | =head2 The Components In This Framework |
261 | |
262 | =head3 Credential Verifiers |
263 | |
264 | When user input is transferred to the L<Catalyst> application (typically via |
265 | form inputs) this data then enters the authentication framework through these |
266 | plugins. |
267 | |
268 | These plugins check the data, and ensure that it really proves the user is who |
269 | they claim to be. |
270 | |
271 | =head3 Storage Backends |
272 | |
273 | The credentials also identify a user, and this family of modules is supposed to |
274 | take this identification data and return a standardized object oriented |
275 | representation of users. |
276 | |
277 | When a user is retrieved from a store it is not necessarily authenticated. |
278 | Credential verifiers can either accept a user object, or fetch the object |
279 | themselves from the default store. |
280 | |
281 | =head3 The Core Plugin |
282 | |
6a36933d |
283 | This plugin on its own is the glue, providing store registration, session |
4bb9b01c |
284 | integration, and other goodness for the other plugins. |
285 | |
286 | =head3 Other Plugins |
287 | |
288 | More layers of plugins can be stacked on top of the authentication code. For |
289 | example, L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session::PerUser> provides an abstraction of |
290 | browser sessions that is more persistent per users. |
291 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authorization::Roles> provides an accepted way to separate |
292 | and group users into categories, and then check which categories the current |
293 | user belongs to. |
294 | |
5e91c057 |
295 | =head1 EXAMPLE |
296 | |
6a36933d |
297 | Let's say we were storing users in an Apache style htpasswd file. Users are |
298 | stored in that file, with a hashed password and some extra comments. Users are |
299 | verified by supplying a password which is matched with the file. |
5e91c057 |
300 | |
301 | This means that our application will begin like this: |
302 | |
303 | package MyApp; |
304 | |
305 | use Catalyst qw/ |
306 | Authentication |
307 | Authentication::Credential::Password |
308 | Authentication::Store::Htpasswd |
309 | /; |
310 | |
311 | __PACKAGE__->config->{authentication}{htpasswd} = "passwdfile"; |
312 | |
313 | This loads the appropriate methods and also sets the htpasswd store as the |
314 | default store. |
315 | |
316 | So, now that we have the code loaded we need to get data from the user into the |
317 | credential verifier. |
318 | |
319 | Let's create an authentication controller: |
320 | |
321 | package MyApp::Controller::Auth; |
322 | |
323 | sub login : Local { |
324 | my ( $self, $c ) = @_; |
325 | |
326 | if ( my $user = $c->req->param("user") |
327 | and my $password = $c->req->param("password") ) |
328 | { |
329 | if ( $c->login( $user, $password ) ) { |
330 | $c->res->body( "hello " . $c->user->name ); |
331 | } else { |
332 | # login incorrect |
333 | } |
334 | } |
335 | else { |
336 | # invalid form input |
337 | } |
338 | } |
339 | |
340 | This code should be very readable. If all the necessary fields are supplied, |
341 | call the L<Authentication::Credential::Password/login> method on the |
342 | controller. If that succeeds the user is logged in. |
343 | |
344 | It could be simplified though: |
345 | |
346 | sub login : Local { |
347 | my ( $self, $c ) = @_; |
348 | |
349 | if ( $c->login ) { |
350 | ... |
351 | } |
352 | } |
353 | |
b840d11c |
354 | Since the C<login> method knows how to find logically named parameters on its |
5e91c057 |
355 | own. |
356 | |
357 | The credential verifier will ask the default store to get the user whose ID is |
358 | the user parameter. In this case the default store is the htpasswd one. Once it |
359 | fetches the user from the store the password is checked and if it's OK |
360 | C<< $c->user >> will contain the user object returned from the htpasswd store. |
361 | |
362 | We can also pass a user object to the credential verifier manually, if we have |
363 | several stores per app. This is discussed in |
364 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::Store>. |
365 | |
366 | Now imagine each admin user has a comment set in the htpasswd file saying |
367 | "admin". |
368 | |
369 | A restricted action might look like this: |
370 | |
371 | sub restricted : Local { |
372 | my ( $self, $c ) = @_; |
373 | |
374 | $c->detach("unauthorized") |
375 | unless $c->user_exists |
376 | and $c->user->extra_info() eq "admin"; |
377 | |
378 | # do something restricted here |
379 | } |
380 | |
381 | This is somewhat similar to role based access control. |
382 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::Store::Htpasswd> treats the extra info |
383 | field as a comma separated list of roles if it's treated that way. Let's |
384 | leverage this. Add the role authorization plugin: |
385 | |
386 | use Catalyst qw/ |
387 | ... |
388 | Authorization::Roles |
389 | /; |
390 | |
391 | sub restricted : Local { |
392 | my ( $self, $c ) = @_; |
393 | |
a93f1197 |
394 | $c->detach("unauthorized") unless $c->check_roles("admin"); |
5e91c057 |
395 | |
396 | # do something restricted here |
397 | } |
398 | |
399 | This is somewhat simpler and will work if you change your store, too, since the |
400 | role interface is consistent. |
401 | |
402 | Let's say your app grew, and you now have 10000 users. It's no longer efficient |
403 | to maintain an htpasswd file, so you move this data to a database. |
404 | |
405 | use Catalyst qw/ |
406 | Authentication |
407 | Authentication::Credential::Password |
408 | Authentication::Store::DBIC |
409 | Authorization::Roles |
410 | /; |
411 | |
412 | __PACKAGE__->config->{authentication}{dbic} = ...; # see the DBIC store docs |
413 | |
414 | The rest of your code should be unchanged. Now let's say you are integrating |
415 | typekey authentication to your system. For simplicity's sake we'll assume that |
416 | the user's are still keyed in the same way. |
417 | |
418 | use Catalyst qw/ |
419 | Authentication |
420 | Authentication::Credential::Password |
421 | Authentication::Credential::TypeKey |
422 | Authentication::Store::DBIC |
423 | Authorization::Roles |
424 | /; |
425 | |
426 | And in your auth controller add a new action: |
427 | |
428 | sub typekey : Local { |
429 | my ( $self, $c ) = @_; |
430 | |
431 | if ( $c->authenticate_typekey) { # uses $c->req and Authen::TypeKey |
432 | # same stuff as the $c->login method |
433 | # ... |
434 | } |
435 | } |
436 | |
437 | You've now added a new credential verification mechanizm orthogonally to the |
438 | other components. All you have to do is make sure that the credential verifiers |
439 | pass on the same types of parameters to the store in order to retrieve user |
440 | objects. |
441 | |
06675d2e |
442 | =head1 METHODS |
443 | |
444 | =over 4 |
445 | |
06675d2e |
446 | =item user |
447 | |
189b5b0c |
448 | Returns the currently logged in user or undef if there is none. |
06675d2e |
449 | |
ce0b058d |
450 | =item user_exists |
451 | |
452 | Whether or not a user is logged in right now. |
453 | |
8bcb3a4b |
454 | The reason this method exists is that C<< $c->user >> may needlessly load the |
ce0b058d |
455 | user from the auth store. |
456 | |
457 | If you're just going to say |
458 | |
4359cfe3 |
459 | if ( $c->user_exists ) { |
ce0b058d |
460 | # foo |
461 | } else { |
462 | $c->forward("login"); |
463 | } |
464 | |
4359cfe3 |
465 | it should be more efficient than C<< $c->user >> when a user is marked in the |
466 | session but C<< $c->user >> hasn't been called yet. |
ce0b058d |
467 | |
4402d92d |
468 | =item logout |
469 | |
470 | Delete the currently logged in user from C<user> and the session. |
471 | |
7d0922d8 |
472 | =item get_user $uid |
473 | |
189b5b0c |
474 | Fetch a particular users details, defined by the given ID, via the default store. |
475 | |
476 | =back |
477 | |
478 | =head1 CONFIGURATION |
479 | |
480 | =over 4 |
481 | |
482 | =item use_session |
483 | |
484 | Whether or not to store the user's logged in state in the session, if the |
e7522758 |
485 | application is also using the L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> plugin. This |
486 | value is set to true per default. |
487 | |
488 | =item store |
489 | |
1e055395 |
490 | If multiple stores are being used, set the module you want as default here. |
7d0922d8 |
491 | |
1e055395 |
492 | =item stores |
493 | |
494 | If multiple stores are being used, you need to provide a name for each store |
495 | here, as a hash, the keys are the names you wish to use, and the values are |
496 | the the names of the plugins. |
497 | |
498 | # example |
499 | __PACKAGE__->config( authentication => { |
500 | store => 'Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::Store::HtPasswd', |
501 | stores => { |
502 | 'dbic' => 'Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::Store::DBIC' |
503 | } |
504 | }); |
505 | |
2bcde605 |
506 | =back |
1e055395 |
507 | |
4fbe2e14 |
508 | =head1 METHODS FOR STORE MANAGEMENT |
509 | |
fe4cf44a |
510 | =over 4 |
511 | |
7d0922d8 |
512 | =item default_auth_store |
513 | |
4fbe2e14 |
514 | Return the store whose name is 'default'. |
7d0922d8 |
515 | |
189b5b0c |
516 | This is set to C<< $c->config->{authentication}{store} >> if that value exists, |
4fbe2e14 |
517 | or by using a Store plugin: |
518 | |
519 | use Catalyst qw/Authentication Authentication::Store::Minimal/; |
520 | |
521 | Sets the default store to |
522 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::Store::Minimal::Backend>. |
523 | |
a1e5bd36 |
524 | |
4fbe2e14 |
525 | =item get_auth_store $name |
526 | |
527 | Return the store whose name is $name. |
528 | |
529 | =item get_auth_store_name $store |
530 | |
531 | Return the name of the store $store. |
532 | |
533 | =item auth_stores |
534 | |
535 | A hash keyed by name, with the stores registered in the app. |
536 | |
537 | =item auth_store_names |
538 | |
539 | A ref-hash keyed by store, which contains the names of the stores. |
540 | |
541 | =item register_auth_stores %stores_by_name |
542 | |
543 | Register stores into the application. |
06675d2e |
544 | |
fe4cf44a |
545 | =back |
546 | |
06675d2e |
547 | =head1 INTERNAL METHODS |
548 | |
549 | =over 4 |
550 | |
551 | =item set_authenticated $user |
552 | |
553 | Marks a user as authenticated. Should be called from a |
554 | C<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::Credential> plugin after successful |
555 | authentication. |
556 | |
557 | This involves setting C<user> and the internal data in C<session> if |
558 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> is loaded. |
559 | |
e300c5b6 |
560 | =item auth_restore_user $user |
561 | |
562 | Used to restore a user from the session, by C<user> only when it's actually |
563 | needed. |
564 | |
565 | =item save_user_in_session $user |
566 | |
567 | Used to save the user in a session. |
568 | |
06675d2e |
569 | =item prepare |
570 | |
571 | Revives a user from the session object if there is one. |
572 | |
573 | =item setup |
574 | |
575 | Sets the default configuration parameters. |
576 | |
577 | =item |
578 | |
579 | =back |
580 | |
fbe577ac |
581 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
582 | |
4bb9b01c |
583 | This list might not be up to date. |
584 | |
585 | =head2 User Storage Backends |
586 | |
fbe577ac |
587 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::Store::Minimal>, |
4bb9b01c |
588 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::Store::Htpasswd>, |
589 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::Store::DBIC> (also works with Class::DBI). |
590 | |
591 | =head2 Credential verification |
592 | |
593 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::Credential::Password>, |
594 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::Credential::HTTP>, |
595 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::Credential::TypeKey> |
596 | |
597 | =head2 Authorization |
598 | |
fbe577ac |
599 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authorization::ACL>, |
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600 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authorization::Roles> |
601 | |
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602 | =head2 Internals Documentation |
603 | |
604 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::Store> |
605 | |
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606 | =head2 Misc |
607 | |
608 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session>, |
609 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session::PerUser> |
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610 | |
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611 | =head1 DON'T SEE ALSO |
612 | |
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613 | This module along with its sub plugins deprecate a great number of other |
614 | modules. These include L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::Simple>, |
615 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::CDBI>. |
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616 | |
617 | At the time of writing these plugins have not yet been replaced or updated, but |
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618 | should be eventually: L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::OpenID>, |
619 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::LDAP>, |
620 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::CDBI::Basic>, |
621 | L<Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication::Basic::Remote>. |
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622 | |
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623 | =head1 AUTHORS |
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624 | |
625 | Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org> |
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626 | |
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627 | Jess Robinson |
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628 | |
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629 | David Kamholz |
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630 | |
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631 | =head1 COPYRIGHT & LICENSE |
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632 | |
633 | Copyright (c) 2005 the aforementioned authors. All rights |
634 | reserved. This program is free software; you can redistribute |
635 | it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. |
636 | |
637 | =cut |
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638 | |